BY DAVID OYER.
. TAXJES IJYRQXJIHEI H.
is [ INI ; . . every Friday morning, in Juliana
Sifeot, in the white frame building,
nearly opposite the Mengel
House, bv
DAVID OVER.
TERMS :
If paid in advance, $1.50; within the year,
VI. 00; and if not paid within the year, $2.50 will
be charged. No paper discontinued until all ar
■eerages are paid—except at the option of the
i- 'itor. A failure to notify a discontinuance will
i> . regarded as a new engagement.
JdeertutmtuU not exceeding a square,(lo lines,)
inserted three times for sl— every subsequent in
(tcrtiyn, 25 cents. Longer ones in the same prd ,
portion. Each fraction of a square counted as !
a lu.i square. All advertisements not specially
orotreu for a giveD time will be continued until
forbid. A liberal deduction will be made to those
who acherttae by tbe year.
Job Printing of all kinds executed neatly and
rumptiv and on reasonable terms.
I ! K 0 FEl> S 1 0 N A L CTK Dd.
O. 13. GAITDER, !
CTTORIVBV IT LiW,
Bedford, Pa.
\V/ ILL promptly attend to all business entrust- 1
i ed to his care. Office on Pitt Street, three '
doors east of tbe Bedford Hotel. He will also j
ittend to any surveying business that may eu on- 1
tiusted to HINT.
Nov. 1, 1859.
St. D. ISASTDEAV, |
1 fTI) R tiV IT LIW, !
2EDFOHD, PA., ' '
\ j ILL attend promptly and faithfully to all 1
" LEGAL business entrusted to his care.
CF" Office on Juliana Street, in tbe building for
merly occupied by S. SI. Barclay, Esq., DEE'd.
March 26, 1&58.
JOB U. li. SPANG.
L AW ?AKTA'EHSUIP— The undersigned
-■ J have associated themselves ID the Praticc
•R the Law, and willpromptly attend to al bnsi
<entrusted to their care in Bedford and d
--couDties.
.. on Julianna Street, three doors
1.1 if -ieiigti oHcse aud opposite tbe resi-1
•isosce oi is.ij. T-te.
MANN 6c SPANG
-*u;e 1,-1854. TF.
I>. 8. IllDOp,
Formerly of Bedford, Pa.
•Uforney and Conaselior at Law, j
TLI WILL ST. SEW VOKK.
All BUSINESS promptly atended to.
L'.-c. 3, 1653.
W. EI <*EnEEI/I"E *LV ~ I
ittoraty at Law aim i.anu oa.TTy^.,
X T/ILL ATTEND with promptness to all busi"ess
V entrusted to his care.
Will practice in Bedford and Fulton Counties.
in Juiiana Street, coc door North of
tbs '-Innuirer'' office.
Dec. 21, 1858.
'W of.,@4t. fu' t
PIIYSICIASU
AAN>
HUMKIWU TH mat r . E7O
SHELLS HUKti, PE^N'A.
OFFERS his - irvices u> the Public to tlie prac- ;
ice of Medicine. Will attend promptly to all ca
ses entrusted to his care-
He will also perform all operations on the teeth
IN I neat and scientific MAU&T r.
Teeth plugged and inserted from a single tooth to
An E satire Set,
Mounted on gold or silver plate, on the latest and
US"H approved principles.
i'BB MS moderate, and all operations warranted.
April 8, 1859.— tf.
f^B!
* 1 r -I r*r r jiv t &t! ©JWttUUXIS \Ti- t!
I 1 V .. > . A, ,r•* yi, related, ftc. *od *
: • ■ - I. • .... one.- i: St. M
u;,i V. * -TaStea* r-tfTNsUd.
: - 1 s IN\ .VRIABLY CASH. i
DR. K F. HIRKF
T~ tenders his professions
i*. services the citizens of Bedford and vi-
OB'r.e pnd residence oa Pitt-Stf®et, in lh w
buildingformerly' occupied by i>r. J. 11. Johns.
Nov. 6,1857.
I)r. F. C Heamer,
Physician and Sturgeon,
i>espectfully tenders his services t<
I. the citizens of Bedford and vicinity. He
i-ny a.' ~-ay ha found (ur.less professionally en
g *•* i, st Lis Drag and Book Store, in Juliana
St.
Sob. 13, 1857.
BEDFORD FOUNDRY.
THE sobscribew having pouch ised the Bedford
Fouadry of Messrs Washabaug & Bannon
weuld most respectfully announce to the eit-
Kt-n* 'A Bedford and adjoi.ing counties, that thev
a-e prepared to make and furnish all kinds of
CASTINGS for
(xH IST \ T i) SAWMILLS,
Thrashing Machines, Ploughs. Apple bills C ook
ing, fen plate, and coal stoves, sled and Sleigh soles
wash kettles, of different sizes, wagouboxes of all
sizes, farmers' bells, (a superior article) oven
d.jors, and every thing usually made in a country
Foundry.
Woodcock, Seyley and HILL-SIDE PLOUGHS.
Also anew PLUG PLOUGH, to which w call
the .'.yccial atteution of our farmers —a superior
;ds to tho old Plug Plougii, with two kinds of
r bets, share's and landsides to suit all ploughs in
• Titral use in this county. Turning and fitting of
■is i. it tor as made to order, and ail kind-i ot re-
J; I ring done at tho shortest notice and at OMr
j ..ces. All our own work made of the very Itsi
n jti srittl. an i warranted to give satisfaction.
r anaets and others would do well to call and et
aoei.teou work before purchasing elsewhere, as
we are determined to meet the immurgencies of tne
times, we will axiA noxt FOE CASH, OK. COIWTBF
Fiionn:.:. Pig and bar iron, horses and lumber,
taken in exchange for,work.
M.ircb 4, 1859.-ly SiIJRESUr JORDAN.
A Woekiy Paper, Devoted to Literature, Politics, the Arts, Sciences, Stc., &c—Terms: One Dollar and Fifty Cents in Advance.
DR. M'LANE'S
celebrated
VERMIFUGE
LIVER PILLS. '
\/yE, beg leave to call the atten
tion of the Trade, and more
especially the Physicians of the
country, to two of the most popu
lar remedies now before the public.
"We refer to
Dr. finis. J1 "Lane's Celebrated
Vermifuge and Liver Pills.
We do not recommend them as
universal Cure-alls, but simply for
what their name purports, viz.:
THE VERMIFUGE,
For expelling Worms from the
human system. It has also been
administered with the most satis
factory results to various Animals
subject to Worms.
THE LIVER PILLS,
For the cure of LIVER COMPLAINTS,
all BILIOUS DERANGEMENTS, SICK
HEAD-ACHE, &C. In cases of
FEVER AND AGUE,
preparatory to or after taking Qui
nine, they almost invariably make
a speedy and permanent cure.
As specifics for the ahove men
tioned diseases, they are Unrivaled,
and never known to fail when ad
ministered in accordance v/ith the
directions.
i .icir unprecedented popularity
has induced the proprietors,
FLEMING BROTHERS,
PITTSBURGH, PA.
to dispose of their Di ug business,
in whicn they have been success
fully engaged for the last Twenty J
undivided time and attention to
their manufacture. And being de
termined that Dr. M'Lane's Cele
brated Vermifuge ar.d Liver Pills j
shall continue to occupy the high
position they now hold among the
great remedies of the day, they
will continue to spare neither time
nor expense in procuring the Best
and Purest material, and com
pound them in the most thorough
manner. Address all orders to
FLEMING BROS. Piilsbcrgli, Pa
P. S JV.-dtfr* iiml Pl*vnicuin 6 ordering fiom othori
tli.ui n-amin-: Bros-, wPI d> w.II to writ* their ©tgts
and fn * rim** but Dr. M L >7**'*. tnrpartd by
F zminn fii. To tlHwe winlito* to
them a trisi), we will ft#rw.ini per uiai!. r paid, to .my
pirt of tin United fiutia, one box of H'ls f>r twelve
pntage or one vial of Vermifuge far
fourteen st< jop-. AH orders from Canada nest
be accomjxiDi'sd by twenty cent* extra.
Ff.t sale bv Dr. B. F. Harry, and Karoer£ Way,
Bedford, and by dealers generally throughout the
County.
May 27, 1859 .-v.z.
si CA]EII>.
iilc&hcoy Male and Female Seminary,.
~ KIB§BtR, Pa.
Faculty. i
171 J. OSBROBNE, A. 8.. Principal, Prof, ol
li Languages and Philosophy.
\Vm. S. Smith, Prof, of Mathematics.
Jas. H. Miller, Adjunct Prof, of .M ithematics.
Rev. B. F. Stephens, Lecturer on Moial Philoso
phy', A c.
Win." A. Stephens, Prof, of English Grammar, Ac.
Dr. J- Hughes, Lecturer on Anatomj Ac.
Mrs. E. V. Osfcornc, Preceptress, Teacher of Mu
sic, French. Botaby Ac.
Mij," diary Willams. Teacher of Composition, Ac.
Price °f Tuition for t rm of 11 weeks,
p Branches . $3 25
Higi:,.'r Branches, deluding common, each 80
Latin and Greek, each 7
calculations 1 50
OmaaC.ttlal „. (
Drawing . 3 00
Colored crayon, and water cotors, €a.-" m
Oil painting
Hair and wax Sowers., each
Fellis work 9''
Embroidery ' ' jtl
Piano music, with use oi instrument 10 00
Board $(,70 per week including room rent, fuel,
furniture &c. Thiu is one of the best, and cheapest
institution in the country The whole expense per
term weed not be more than twenty-live dollars.—
The spring term commences April 5, 1 S5'J.
- For particulars, address the peinc.ipal.
E. J. OSBORNE, A. B.
Rainshnrg, Bedford co., April 29, 1859.
JOHN ALSIP'S
CHEAP
CASH AND PRODUCE STORE
Opposite the 44 Washington Hotel" Be'l ford,
i Pennsylvania.
! "Quick Sales and Small Profits."
'DRY GOODS UF EVEK\ DESUKIPI'iON,
(irocerics of ail Rinds and Quality,
QUEEJWWjME, BOOTS JIAD SHOES,
AND IN SHOUT—EVERY THING ELSE
WHICH IS USUALLY KEPT BY
MERCHANTS, AND WHICH HE
WILL SELL "Cheaper than
the Cheapest."
June 24, 1859.
BEDFORD. PA.. FRIDAY JANUARY 13, 1660
J OLIVER 3. CLARK, SAMUEL M. HAULEH#
o. C. CLARK, Ac CC..
1 MI. rin. cuf.
ANl>
Produce Store,
(Centre Street, newt door to Lutheran Church,)
CUMBfIRIsAND, Md.
A well selected stock is now open, and offered to
families and country dealers, consisting of Fam
ily, Extra and Superfine Flour, Corn Meal, Corn
and Rye Chop, Shorts, Ship-stuff, and Bran, New
Orleans, Porto Kica, Mnscavado and refined Sugars,
Golden and S. H. Syrups, Molasses, Imperial,
1 ou::g Hyson, and Black Tea, Java and Rio Coffee
tjf tbe best quality. All kinds of Spices, PickeJs
)n barrels and jars, Candles, Soap, Mackerel, and
j Herring, Water, Sugar, Soda, Edinbxig, and Gin
ger Crackers, Peaches, Strawberries, Fine apples
and Green corn, put up in can, expressly for fjm- j
ily use. A choice lot of LIQITOItS, consisting of
Wines, Brandies, Rum and Whiskey, selected with
care. Tobacco and Segara of various brands, wit h
: a variety of other articles usually found in Stores.
Additions to ihe stock will be frequently made,
so as to keep up a general assortment; all dealers
are invited to call before purchasing elsewhere. All
kinds of grain and country produce bought for cash,
or in exchange for goods.
April 8,1859-ly.
AND
j CONFECTIONARY.
THE undersigned has just received and keeps
constantly on hand the following articles
j Coffee, sugar, molasses, cheese, crackers, cur
j rants, prunes, raisins, tigs, almonds, filberts, coco#
j ground nuts, pecans. Eng. walnuts, cream
j nuts, candies in variety, orange*, lemons, tobacco
: and cigars, allspice and pepper, spices of all kinds,
baking soda, cream of tarter, sulphur, brimstoue
canisterand keg pov. der, shot, caps and lead, grain'
and grass scythes, whetting tools, wash tubs rud
. oards, indigo, extract logwood, copperas, alum
ana madder, oil, polish and Mason's blacking, '
sweeping, dusting stovo, shoe and scrubbing,
brushes, clothes, hair, tooth ana flesh brushes, hat
and infant brushes, hair ods and perfumery, purses
and port ruonaies, pocket and nromorandnm books,
bor.uet an 1 round gum combs, "ridding'' an i line
cofiibs, bracelets ami beads, [ions, pen-holders,
penknives, scissors, unife-sharpeners, umbrellas,
suspenders, spool cotton and floss, clocks, Rmali
looking glasses, violins, violin strings, toy wa'clies,
watch chains, curry combs, cards, horse brushes,
shoe-thread, pegs and sparables, Johnson's Arabian
Liniment. Hock and Little's IYLite Oil, Merchant's
celebrated (jargiing Oil, for man or beast, ami
many other articles of a similar nature. The pat
ronage of the public is respectfully solicited.
A. L. PEFIB AGGK.
July 1, 1859. -7.x
*w*2&2BsiSri£ aßr
CHARTERED CAI'ITAL, $300,000.
INSURE BUILDINGS AND OTHER PRO
PERTY AGAINST' LOSS OR DAMAGE BY ;ET3*
;ET3*
ALSO
Perils of (hcStct, Inland . Vnoigu'ion
and Transportation.
DirffCois,
Simon Cameron, Geo. H. Lauman, U ra. Dock,
Eli Slifer, James Fox, Geo. liergner, Beuj. I' trki,
Wm. H. Kepner, A. B. Watford,' W. F. Murray,
F. K. Boas, John 11. Berryhill, H m. F. Packer.
Officers.
SIMOX CAMEEOX, Pres't. BENJ. PABKK, Vice Pres't.
S. S. C VHHIXII, Secretary.
J. W. LIINUENFELTEK, Agent,
Bedford Pa.
Oct. 7, 1859.
FW WBBBFOIST MM.
\ T FKOPOSE to make a directory Map ot Bedford
1 C mnty lrotn actual surveys, if t gutlicient mini
her of subscril'crs can be raised to warrant the un
dertaking.
The map will show the locition ot all the citizens
and also their places of business such as stores,
Post Offices. Hotels. ' 'ela during establishments,
Grist Mills, Saw Mills, Shops,fcc.. also the location
of all the public roads, boundary lines, streams,
I mountains, Ac.
j Maps of all the towns and 1 ;rg villages will ba
| put on the same sheet, also statistical tables of the
' County, and (if taken in time) the census of 1860.
EDWD. L. WALKEK.
P. S. I can furnish any one desirous of getting
a inap of the United States with a cheap anl late
edition.
July 1, 1853.
IWIEW GOODS.
AT J. M. SHOEMAKER & co s. STORE.
BEDFORD. FA. Uaving just receive 1 tiie
largest and cheapest stock of goods ever thought to
Bedford, we are determined to sell out cheap and
fast in proportion. We have LADIES" DRESS
GOODS, of ail descriptions, GLOVES. HOSIERY.
FLANNELS. MEN AND BOYS WEAR,
CLOTHS and CASSIMEKKS, HATS and CAPS,
BOOTS, SHOES, Muslins Shuts and Drawers.
Coats, Pants and VESTS, CARPETS, Single and
Double, Cotton chain, HAUDWHUE, QUEENS
WARE, GROCERIES, SPICES, TOBACCO, and
evcrv thing usually kept in a country store, which
- ill <tell cheap for cash, or produce, and to
Hnet-n' f 'ix 'Uonc.ii customers. Thankful for past
pu..... -i reco j ve a liberal share of pullic
liivorSs vo '•>
patronage* M s3O EMAKER A CO.
Oot. 21, 1850. _
imarisi
Valentine Steckman,
PROPH.X33TOn.
Boarders taken by the day week u&ntb and
i year.
April 25,1856 —tf
UA'IS AND CAPS.
TO suit the URUX, tastes and I-OCKETS of all, at
! XIEAP RIDI, by OSTER & EARN,
j Oct. 21, 1869.
j
Otigai'S, Teas, police, Chocolate, Molasses and
Syrups, the best iu town, for sale at the CUKAI<
site BY OSTER & CAllN'fc.
j Dec. 9, 18f9.
CHEESE—a good article—just received and lot
I sate by A L. DEFIBAGH.
I Bedford Au gusto, ltJoiL
ft tiOVEUXOJI'S MESSIER.
taK Executive Ca.uißEa, i
Ml Bamiom#, Jan. 4, 1860. j"
%!/'''* N~'Orabh the Senators awl Members of the
Souse of Representatives of the Commonwealth of
■ enntylvania :
rf: M T. Lt MEK : ~" In c ® nl P'y'ng with that prevision
myijc Constitution of Pennsylvania, which makes
-|iu duty of the Governor, from tituc to time, to
gfe to the General Assembly information of the
®.e of the Commonwealth, I am most happy, on
t<ui occasion, again to congratulate the representa
tives of the people upon the highly favorable coudi
tj*jp oi the finances ol the State.
The receipts at the State Treasury, from all sources
6r the fiscal year ending on the 30th of November,
itp. were $3,826,360 14. to which add balance in
|*asury, December l, iSoH, $892,027 76, aol it
* bo seen that the whole Sun available lor tho
Pf 1 ' was $4,718,377 90. The expenditures, for ail
during the same period, were $3,879,06-1
31> Leaving an available Lain;co in tne Treasure,
tb*he Ist.(lav or December, 1869, of $839,333 09.
luded in the expenditures for the fiscal year, are
following sums, viz :
Lb ins redeemed $840,392 SO
Atf.i-1 notes cancelled 4,137 00
1% let eat certificates paid 4
IK';;-'". L
.f< king ol the public debt actually paid,
during the yerr, the sum of 849,283 00
funded and unfunded debt of the Common
wtilrh, on the Ist of December, 1858, was as fol
tijpfa:
® ITCMDFD DEBT -
h|)c-r cent. locs* $445,180 00
j, ,0 - , 38,430,905 07
7$ 388,300 00
1 Uo - 100 ; 0t0 00
iTotal funded debt 39,354 285 67
. P*FO*EI> DEPT.
%if note# outstanding $105,350 GO
; feVEeiest certificates 23.357 12
£ Do. do unclaimed 4 443 34
liMiK-stic creditors y O2 gy
|p'ot#i unfunded debt. 133,958 00
K . .
the entire debt of the Commonwealth, at
toe period named, $39,488,2-1-3 67
Timf. adefl .md unfunded debt of the State, at
tfie close of the last fiscal year, December 1, 1853
stood as follows: I
I per cent, loans $400,630 00 i
* d ,°- 87,625 153 37 I
** f°- *%- 388,200 00 i
: * rto - 100,000 09 j
Total funded debt 38,513,9b3 37 '
; USIT3UMSD DEBT.
Relief notes in circulation $101,213 00
interest certifeal e outsi-an.ting 18.513 83 j
Total unfunded debt. 134,97 i 70 J"
i Making the public ibt ou the first day of Decern- j
I ber Ust, $38,638,961 07.
Since the close cf the fiscal year, the Coiumis-J
! shiners of the Sinking Fund have redeemed, ol the ;
| five per cent. '<>ans, the sum ;i' $169,000. kaiiug j
! tho real debt of the Commonwealth, at this time. !
I funded aud unfunded, $38,478,981 07. it wet!.:-'
1 duct from this sum the amount of this bonds receiv- j
jed by the State, . i-jui the rale of her public works, |
; and now nel: by her, as follows:
! Bonds ot Peaiwvlv mia railroad com
' pai... $7.300,000 00
, Boi ds of Sunbuiy and Erie railroad
company 3,500.090 00
| Bonds of iV'yoming can il company 381,0,0 00
I Tutal 11,081,000 00
we have $27,3'.;7,901 07, the remlining debt of the ■
Gominouwea'ta, the principal ;.nd interest to be pro
vided for, from the ordinary sources of revenue.
it will be observed, th.U f'icm the Ist day of l>e- I
otiul er, 18*8, to the 31st day of December, 18-39, a i
period of thirteen months, besides meeting all the ;
ordinary demands upou the Ti asury, there has been !
actually paid, on the principal of the public debt j
* 1,009,282 GO.
When it is remembered that during this period, j
the latv reducing the State tax upon real ai:d per- |
= >nal estate, from three to two and a hall mills, lias j
been in iull force, and that nothing for the last year i
has been received from the I'emisylvanii railroad j
company, ou acionnt of tax on tomge, making the ;
icr.eipts, from those two sources of revenue,less by j
lour hundred thousand dollars, than they were lor j
the preceding year, it is a source of congratulation j
that, under such circumstances, a result so favora- I
blc baa been produced by the ordinary operations of i
the Treasury.
For ueaily two years past, the State has been en- |
tirely free fr :a the oa uerablp or management of ca
nals aud railroads, and the gratifying result, thus far,
is, that In i pdblic debt is now less than it has been
since the veur 1812, and is decreasing at the rate of
nearly one million ot dollars per annum. It is now
morally certain, that nothing but the grossest mis
management of the financial interests of the State,
ran prevent its sute ami speedy extinguishment.-
Why s .ould not Pennsylvania press onward until
ihe is entirely fiee irom debt? She is no longer en
gaged in the construction of great works of internal
itiipiovcmeut, nor is she the proprietor of railroads
tnd canals, ilelieve lof these, governmental action
is greatly simplified, and is now happily limited to
•uljecls of a purely governmental character, lluv
ug ceased to tie interested in ordinary business pur
utis, it is her plain duty to devote her best energies
:o relieving ber people from the burden of an one
ous debt, iriien this great result shall have been
iccomplisbed, the necessary expenditures at an eco
icmical administration of the government, can bo
cadiiy met without thu imposition of a State rax
n real or personal estate—the remaining sources of
•evomie being more fhau sufficient for ad legitimate
mrposes. Until that end, so anxiously looked to,
>ecureil, true wisdoiu, as well as sound policy, dic
ates, that our resources should be carefully hus
jondi d—t hat none of our present sources of revo
jue should be cut off, or diminished —that all ac
ini tnionts of government should consult a proper
iconomy—that all extravagant and unnecessary sp
iro'H'iations should tie avoided- and that every new
cheinc for embarrassing the Treasury should meet
rith marked condemnation.
Encouraging, * tho results of the past
too years, it must no: be forgotuu, that we have
kit just commenced the payment of the prinei
ul of our debt; aud that Id prevent u rntsap
dicatiori of the public finance*, apd thereby in
ure a coatiiijauce of its reduction, from year
t year, is manifestly the first duty ot those
piced l-y the Constitution m charge ot ih.- I'un
it Treasury, aud to whom belongs the ejfcjas've
riht of raising, eaonoui zing and ■ppropri-dh.g
ifc public revenue. 1 earnestly coiumen ; te.r.
uvle subject to the careful alteatiou o. the
LjisUture—-oulirely sainfied, that, ss ii is tee
mtt vital of all the interests eoiwi;te J to t'.,o
charge of (be General Assembly, it will receive
that consideration which its importance so em
inently demands.
in my iast annual message, I communicated
to the Geueral Assembly ail that; up to that
period, bid been done under the act, entitled
"An Act tor the sale of the State canals," ap
proved April 21, ISSB. Since the adjournment
of the Inst Legislature, satisfactory ovideuce
having been given to me, of the compliance of
the Suubory and Eric railroad company, with
tbe conditions mentioned iu tbe third section of
tbe act referred to, ttm Stato Treasurer, uuder
my direction, has delivered to the company tbe
asnal bonds for two millions of dollar*, depos
ited ia the Treasury under the provision's of
the said act.
, Iha railroad company ban also bccomo enti
tled io, au.J has received, one million of dollars
o: the mortgage bonds referred to in the sixth
section ot the same act; leaving mortgage bonds
amonnting to two and a b-lf millions of dollars,
still remaining in the Treasury of the Common
wealth, to be delivered to the company, "from
time to time, pin passu, with the progress of
the work, as asoe.-taiucd by the returns and es
timates of the chief eugiueer of the said ccat
pauy. When the bonds last mentioned, shall
hive been surrendered to the company, as .i
--| h l*w, '-he State will atil! hold, as abso
: Jute owner, three and a half millions of dollars
i mortgage baud* of the company, pajablc
in ttic year 18<2, and in tho siz succeeding
years, mentioned in the ace of Assembly,
with interest, at the rate of five per
per annum, payabls semi-annually, ou the thir-' i
y-firat days of January aud July of each year. ;
Interested, as tho Commonwealth is, in the ear- '
ly completion of this important thoroughfare, it
affords mo groat pleasure* to bo able to inform
the General Assembly, that the progress of tho
work, tor the past year, Las been highly satis
factory.
The Kistcrn division of the road, extending
frouiSunbitry, in the county of Northumberland
to Whethsra, in the county of Clinton, a dis
tance of eigJ.ty-oDC miles, is finished-, passenger i
and ireigfit trums pisskig over it daily. The i
Western division, ixtending from the city of
larie, to tho borough of Warren, in Warren j
county, a distance of sixty-six in lea, is, also, I
completed, with regular passenger and freight I
trains now running over it daily. .Making one !
hundred and forty-seven miles of rail way, aloug
■ibc-tUffi of file
ti-rmcdiate person of the fine, between the be- f
rough of Warm and Whctbmi station, a dis
tance of one hundred aod forty utiles, uinaty- j
five and a half miles are graded, ieaviDg byt
fourty-foc and a half uuies yet to be graded,
to place the whole of tbe unfinished partiou of
the road in a po.-ttion to receive the supers'rue- 1
tare. If ??> untoward event shall dehy its
vigorous prosecution, another year will out pass |
bi fore the entire line of tho rotd will bafij'sh
ed and in use; thus affording a direct and con
tinuous communication, by railroad, from the
city of Philadelphia to the harbor of Erie.
By the twenty-second section of the actap- !
proved tiie lotii day of April, IS4C, entitled i
"Au act to incorporate the Pennsylvania rail
road company," it is provided, <tht ali ton
nage, of whatsoever kinder d.scriptiou, exoepj
the ordinary baggage of passengers, loaded or j
received at Harrisburg, or Pittsburg, r,r at any
intermediate point, and carried or conveyed ou j
or over said railroad, more than twenty uii.'es, j
betweeu the 10ih day of Marsh and the Ist j
day of it -coluber in each and every year, shall
ho .-a't j'ct to a toll or duty, for the use >f the
Commonwealth, at tha rate of live mills per
mile, for each ton of two thous md pounds, j
and tt shall 1)9 the dutv of said company, be- •
tween the 20th ud 3Q;b days ot July, and be
tween the Ist and 10th days of December, iu
each and every year, after thirty miles ot more
of said railroad shall have Leeu completed,
and in use, to cruse to be mada out, and filed j
witii the Auditor General, a uua sud Correct j
statement, exhibiting the amount of said ton- j
nage, so loaded or received, nod the distance
so carried and conveyed, during tire respective j
periods intervening betweeu the said lUth nay j
of March, an l the 20111 day of July, and bo
tween the said 20hi day of July and the Ist 1
day of December iu each und every year; i
which siid statement shall he verified by the |
oath or affirmation of the receiving or forward- ,
iug agout or ageo's. or other proper officer or j
officers of said e> uipauv, having knowledge of \
the pretii *es; and at the time of Cling said j
statement, ou or before the said 30th d yot j
July, and tho lOih day of December, iu each j
aud every year, the said company shall p*y to
the State Treasurer, the amount of said toil or
duty, so accruing lor tho use cf the Common
wealth, during the respective intervening \ ■i
otis before uioiuione And, in a supple
ment to the act just refuted to, passe 1 , on the
same day, it is further provided, "that iu case
the s-riu company shall, ot iiuy liuae, fail to
pay the toil or charge ou tannage, which way
1 accrue, or become due to the Commonwealth,
I uudi.r tho provisions of said act, tho same
i shall be aud remain a lien ou tho property < f
j the said compauy, aud sliall h-vo preoedeuue
! over all other lieu* aud incumbrances thorcuu
i until paid." By the act of the 27th ol March,
18-18, the tax on tonnage cf five wills per ton,
j per mile, froui tho lOtii of March to tho Ist of
! December, was oomuiuted to a tax cf three
! mi.ls nor ton, per mile, during the whole y. ar.
! Subsequently, by iire act of the 7th of May,
1555, lumber and coal wete ma le exempt from
j the touaigj tax.
In pursua.ee of the provisions ol thesrverui
j acts referred to, the Pennsylvania railroad CUM
i pari? has paid into the Treasury of lb* Gout
i m"wwc*i'b the following sain*, viz:
VOL. 33, NO. 3.
For j'aar ending Nor. 30, 1801, §7,521 93
Wo do do 1852, IQfi&Q 49
Wo do do 1853, 65,228 59
Wo do do 1854, 112,380 50
Wo do do 1855, 129,230 56
Wo do do 1856, 226,018 51
Wo do do 1857, 179 ; 933 75
W< do do 1858, 222,363 02
■since July, 1858, the raiirrttd company Las
refused to pay this tax, sad consequently there
i" now duo from said company, ori thataceouut,
exclusive of interest, the sura of §350,405,00.
On the 21st of February. 1859, an account
was settled, by the Auditor General, against
the company, for the tax on tonnage, from the
21st day of July to the 30th day cf Novem
ber, 1858, inclusive, amounting to the sum of
$87,375 22. From this settlement, the coin
cany, ou the 19th day of April, took an ap
peal to the court of common picas of Djuphiu
county; and, in the specifications of objections
which was filed, it Was averred that the tax
vas unconstitutional, and ao opinion to that
ffoct, signed by eminent counsel, was filed in
he office of the Auditor Goneral, at the time
ho appeal was entered. In August last, the
lausc was tried, and after a full iuves'tgatiou
md argument, the constitutionality of the law
.mpostpg the tax was affirmed by the coarr, and
; verdict and judgment rendered in favor of
he Common wealth, for the amount claimed,
with interest. The case li3s since teen rcmo
• cd, by a writ of error, to the Supreme Court
it the State, and will, probably, bn heard and
iewr mined, by that tribunal, in rho couise of
die present, winter.
- Ou'tlie 25th day of August last, another ao
ouiit was settled against the company, for the
ax on tonnage, from the 30th day oi Novem
ber, 1858, to the 29(h day of July. 1859,
(mounting to the }mui of §159,318 58, from
' s ;ich an appeal h; s aim been taker, by the
ailroa i compauj, and which wiij jrobablj be
ried during the pieseat mnntbr^Sspw
As this question largely affects the revenues
i" the Commonwealth, and as the principle in
olved is one of the first importance, I have
tceuieii it a duty to lay before the General As
anably, somewhat in detail, the history of this
ax, and the present condition of the legal
(ontrovcrsy griming oct of its imposition end
TiforoeuieM. It will be observed,that the power
if the State to grant charte red righ's and cor
-•oralc privileges, to a railroad company, upon
he eonuiti-.o that it shall pay to the Cymaion-
a portion of its earnings, in the shape
Ttig~ ouy -
the benefits conferred upon it by its chatter.
The qu< -g ion, it is true, ia & legal one, rud its
decision, theiefore, res'a with he judicial de
paituieutof the government; but, 1 have not
the slightest doubt,that the decision, v.htu had,
will entirely vindicate the right of the govern
ment to impose iho tax, and to compel corpo
rations of its owu creation to obey the law
from which they derive theii existence. When
it is remembered, that the tax was originally
imposed, to otder to indemnify the State, to
soma extent, tor losses which she was sure to
sustain from a competition, which was inevita
ble, between the railroad authorized, and her
main line of public works ; and that this com
petition did, not only seriously aflect the reve
nues ot the Cruiuiouwealib, derived from her
public improvements, but ultimately induced
the sale of the main line to the r*.!roati com
pany itself, at a price many millions of dollars
below what it woulu have produced, ia the
ijence of such competition, it is certainly not
to no presumed that the Common wealth will
wiiliugly yield her demand for revenue from
this source, until she is, at least, fully indem
nified for ihe pecuniary injury sustained in the
depreciation of ucr own property,by her liber
ality exieudd to iho company which cow denies
her power to enforce a contract, voluntarily
entered into, upon a consideration entirely adc-
quite.
The annual ileport of lire Superintendent of
Common Schools, with the tables and documents
accompanying it, will exhibit the condition of
the vast tugine of social improvement to which
ii relates. The uuiuber of pupiis, in ait the
public schools of the State, is 634,651 —of
schools, 11,4$5—and of teaehers, 14,071.
The schools hive been in operation, cu an ever
age over the wi.ole State, live months and nine
days. The av. salary of uia!o teachers, is
sl-1 30, auJ of female Teachers sl7 79, and
the cost of iustruciiou, per pupil, hfty-three
cents per mouth. The average tax for tuition,
&., is about five aua a half mills, *n 1 for
building purposes, about three and oue-*:xih
roil!:., ou the dollar, inducing the city of
Philadelphia, the entire cost of tuition, &e.,
was $2,047,661 92; the buildiug cxpeuses
$531,413 36; *uu tue whole expense of the
system, tu the Stun, for the year, $2,579,075-
Though iU school jear ending on the firt
Monday of June last, was oue of uuusaal diffi
culty IN IUOUOJT ATTAIIFL, yet the system manifests
I a>j encouraging activity in all us departments,
| wbilo the tale of taxation. both/or tuiiiou ami
budding-, would appear, from the official report,
to have somewhat decreased, Hut, it is by a
contrast of the preseut condition ol tho system,
Willi that of 1854, winm tho agencies now
operating so beueiicUlly, were created, that re
: uits are must plainly s<.ea. Within ibat peri*
| O'", the whole uuuiber of pupiis has been in*
creased nearly line-seventh —oi te.;oJiers, one
tbirtaeuth —aud tho salary ot teachers, tbe
best index of improvement, of ouo-six li tbe
tualesj and ©m-loarth lor teniules.
These results with tiro oilier# which tlia of
ficial report will exhibit, unerringly point to
tho duty, aH well as necessity, of tt;c utmost
care a t uticiu.ou, ou the part of all public
agents, to thS T pnrniry social institutton —pri-
mal v in importance, no less than in the career
loi oath aitUKUr. 1 J to retain pare,