•T.e new minister shall have had time to inves- ( tigafe the justice of our demands. Even what have been denominated "the Cuban cleiais," iu which more than a hundred of our citizens are direetly interested, have furnished no exception. These claims were for the refunding of duties unjustly exacted ■ from American vessels at different custom f houses in Cuba, so long ago as the year 1844. ! The principles upon which they rest are so | manifestly equitable and jn*t, that after ape tiod of nearly ton years, iu 1854, they weie : recognized by the Spanish government. Pro- . cccdings were afterwards instituted to ascertain I their amount, and this was finally fixed accord ing to their own statement (with which wo were ! satisfied) at the sum of one huuered aud tweu- i ly-erght thousand six hundred and thirty-five ! dollars and fifty-four cent*. Just at (lie mo- i Hent, after a delay of fourteen years, when we : had rea*on t expect tbat this sum would be re paid with interest, we have received a proposal offering to refund one-third ol that amount, ; (forty-two thousand eight hundred and seventy- ! eight dollars and forty-one cents,) hut without interest, if wo would accept this in full satis faction. The offer is also acotnpanicd by a de claration that this indemnification is not foun ded oti any reason of strict justice, hut is made | as a special favor. Ou s alleged cause for proerostiuaiiou iu the j examination aud adjustment of our claims, arises from an obstacle which it ii tLc duty of tho Spanish government to remove. Whilst j the captain-geueial of Cuba is invested with general despotic authority in the government J of that island, the power i* withheld from him j to examine and redress wrongs committed by ! officials oil ier hi- control, on citizens of the U. I States. Instead of miking our complaints j directly to him at Havana, we are obliged to ; present them through our minister at Madrid. ! These are then referred back to the captain- ! general for information ; and much time is thus I consumed iu preliminary investigation and cor respondence between Madrid aud Cuba, and before the Sptoish government will consent to procred to negotiation. Many of tho difficul ties between the two governments would be obviated, and a long train of negotiation avoid ed, if the captain gcucral were invested wi'b j authority to settle questions of easy solution : ou the spot, where all the facts are fresh, and ; could be promptly au l satisfactoriully ascer tained. We have'hitherto in vain urged upou j the Spanish government to confer this power upon tho captain-general, and our minister to ! Spain will again be instructed to uTge this sub- ' ject on their notice. In this respect, wo occu- 1 py a different position from the powers of 1 Europe. Cuba is almost within sight of our shores; our commerce with it is far greater I than that of any other nation, including Spain itself, aud our citizens are in habits of Ja.ilv 1 and extended persona! intercourse wi'b every part of the island. Ir is, therefore, a great grievance that, when any difficulty occurs, no muter how uuimportant,which might be readily settled at the moment, wc* should be obliged to ! resort to Madrid, especially when tbe very first step to be taken there is to refer it back to < 'uba. The trtit arresting slivers bound to that island. The late seriou* difficulties between | the hnite I States and Groat Britain, respecting the right of search, u >w so happily terminated, could never have arisen if Cuba had not afford ed a mirkol for slaves. As long as this nnr kot :>h ill remain open, there can be no hope for the civilizitiou of benighted Africa. Whilst the demand for slave* continues in thihj, wars will be waged among the petty and barbarous chiefs in Africa, for the purpose of seizing subjects to supply this trade. In such a con dition jf affairs, it is impossible that the l'gbt of civilizition an i religion can ever penetrate those dark abode*. It has been nude known to tbe world by my predecessor* that the United t-utcs have, on several occasions, en leavorel to acquire Cuba from Spiin by honorable negotiation, if this were accomplished, the last robe of the Atrioan slave trade would instantly disappear. We would not, if could, acquire Cuba in any other iinnner. This is due to our national character. All the territory which we have acquired since the origin of the government, has been by fair purchase from France, Spain and Mexico, or by tbe frca and voluntary act of the independent State of Texas, in blending hr destinies with our own. fhe course we shall ever pursue, unless circumstances should occur, which we do not o.aw anticipate, rendering a departure from it cleat iy justifiable, under the imperative aud overruling law of self-preservation. The Island of Cuba, from it* geographical position, eonim uids die month of the Mississippi, and the immense and aninully increasing trade, foreign and coastwise, from the valley of that noble river, now embrace half the sovereign States of the Union. With that island uuder liie dommioi) of adUtmt foreign power, this trade, of vital importance to these State*, is exposed to the danger of being destroyed in time of wir, and it has hiiherto been subjected to perpetual injury and annoyance in time of peace. Our relation* with Spain, which ought to be of the most friendly character, must al ways be placed in jeopardy while the existing colonial government over the I*land shall re main in it* present condition. Whilst tho possession of the is!uud would be of vast importance to tho [Jailed States, its v due to Spain is, comparatively, uuimport int. Sueu wis the relative situation of the parties, when the great N ipoleon transferred Louisiana to iho United State*. Jealous, as lie ever was, of the nation.l honor and interests of France, DO person throughout the world has imputed biauic to him for accepting a pecuniary tquiva- Jeni. for this cession. The publicity whieb has becD given to our former negotiations upon this subject, and tho largo appropriation which uuy be required to effect the purpose, render it expedient, befoie miking another attempt t> renew the ncgoiia t on, that 1 shoal 1 lay th: whole yihject be fore Congress. This te especially necessary, as it may become indispensable to success that I<*hould be eutr.i*tod with the means of miking a i advance to tin? Spanish government im mediately afies tho signing of the I rooty T with oat aw iting the ratification of it by the reunite. Lam encouraged to link.) tWis suggestion, by the exuntpl •. ot Mr. th fFvwn previous ;u (tic j*ircbise of Louisiana fitcn France, an 1 by tbat of Mr. Polk in view of the acquisition of j territory froui Mexico. I refer tho whole uli- ! ject 10 the Congress, and eommrnd it to their careful consideration. 1 lepeat the recommendation made in my message of December last, in favor of un ap- 1 proprialion u io be paid to the Spanish govern- ' meut for the purpose of distribution among the : claimants in tbo Amistad case."' President Polk first made a similar recommendation in December, 1847, and it was repeated by mv immediate predecessor in December, 1853. 1 entertain no dou A tbat indemnity is fairly due to these claimants under our treaty with Spain, of the 27th October, 1795; ami whilst demanding justice we ought to do justice.— Au appropriation, promptly made, for this pur pose could not fail to exeit a favorable influ ence on our negotiations with Spain. Our position in relation to the independent States south of us on this continent, uud es pecially those within toe limits oi Nj-tb ' America, is of a peculiar eaaracier. The northern boundary of Mexico is coincident wi h oui own sotiihorn boundary from ocean to ocean, and we must necessarily feel a deep interest iu all that concerns the well being sod the fate of so near a neighbor. We luvualways cherish ed the kiudeit wishes for the suecess of that republic, and have indulged the hope that it might at after all its trial*, enjoy peace and prosperity under a free and .-table govern ment. Wc have never hitherto iulerforod, di rectly or indirectly, with its internal affairs, and it is a duty winch we owe to ourselves to protect ttic mtegrity of i's territory, against the hostile interference of any other power. — Our geographical position, our direct interest in all that concerns Mexico, and our well-set tled policy in regard to the North American continent, render this au indispensable duty. Mexico has been iu a state of eonstaut rev olution almost ever since it achieved i's iude pcudeuee. One military leader after another , has usurped the government in rapid sucees- ] sion, and the various constitutions from time to j tunc adopted have been set at naught almost a soon as they were proclaimed. The su:cc.-sivc goveirnncuts have afforded no sdeqnate pro tection, either to Mexican citrons or foreign residents, against lawless violence. Hereto fore, a seizure of the capital by a military chief tain Ims been generally followed by at least the nominal submission of the country to his rule for a brief period, hut not so at the present crisis of Mexiuau uffiirs. A civil war has beeu raging for some time throughout the re public, between the central government at the city of Mexico, which has eudeavoied to sub vert the constitution last framed, by military power, and those who maintain* the authority of that constitution. The antagonist parties each hold possession of different States of the re public, and the fortunes of the war are con stantly changing. Meanwhile, the most repre hensible means have been employed by both parties to extort money from foreigners, as well as natives, to carry or. ibis ruinous contest.— The truth is that this line country, blessed with a productive soil an i a benign climate, lias been reduced, by civil dissension, to a condition of almost hopeb'ss anarchy and imbecility. It would be vain for this government to attempt I to enforce payment in money of the claims of American citizens, now amounting to more tlriu leu millions of doll its, against Mexico, because she is destitute of all pecuniary means to satisfy these demand*. Our late minister was furnished with ample powers and instructions fur the adjustment of all pending questions with the central govern ment of Mexico, aul he performed bis duty with zeal and ability. Tins claims of our citizens, some of tlietu arising out of the violation of an expre-s provision of the treaty of Guada lupe llidalgo, and others from gross injuries to persons as well as property, have r- ni lined un redressed and even unnoticed, Iteuionstr uioes against these grievances have been addressed, without effect, to that government. Meantime, in various parts of the republic, instances hive been numerous of tiic murder, imprisonment* and plunder of <>ur citizens, by different par ties claiming aud exercising a local jurisdiction; but the central government, although repeated ly urged thereto, have made no effort ctthei to punish the authors of these outrages or to pre vent their recurrence. No American citizens cm now vi*it Mexico on lawful busimss, with out imminent danger to hi- person and properly. There is no adequate protection to cither ; and iu this respect our treaty with that republic is almost a dead letter This state of affairs was brought to a crisis ir. May last, by the promulgation of a decteo levying a contribution pro rata upon all the capital in the republic, between certuin speci fied amounts, whether held by Mexicans or foreigners. Mr. Forsyth, regarding this decree in the light of a "forced loan," formally pro tested against its application to his countrymen, aud advised lueui not to pay tho contribution, but to suffer it to be forcibly exacted. Acting upon this advice, un American citizen refused IO pay the contribution, aud his property was seized by armed men to satisfy the muouut.— iSot oouteut with this, the government proceed ed still further, and issued a decree banishing him from the country. Our minister immedi i ateiy notified them that, if this decree should be carried into execution, he would feel it to he his duty to adopt "the most decided measures thai belong to ihe powers and obligations of tbe representative office." Notwithstanding this warning, the bauisisuieot was enforced, aud Mr. Forsyth prumply announced to the govern merit ibe suspension of tho political relations of his legatiou with them, uutil ibe pleasure of his own government should be ascertained. This government did not regard the contri bution imposed by the decree of the 15th of May last, to. be iu strictness a "forced loan," uud, as such, prohibited, by the tenth article of ttie treaty of 1826 between Great Britain and Mexico, to the beuetits of which American citi zens are entitled by treaty; yet the imposition ot the contribution upou foreigners was con sidered au unjust and oppressive measure. Be sides, luternal factions iu other parts of the re public, were at the same time levying similar i exactions upou the property of our citizens, and 1 interrupting their commerce. There had been au cut tie failure, on the part of our minister, to secuie redress for tho vrrougs which our citi zens had eudmt.d, not withstanding his perse* venug efforts. Aud from the temper innut | tested by the Mexican govurnuieut, lie had re ! peatcdly assured us that no favorable change | could bo expected, uutil tbe United States i should "give striking evidence of their will aud \ power to protect their citizens," and that "se vere chastening is the ouly eirthty remedy for ' our grievances.' 1 From this statement of facts, , u would have beeu worse thm uiie to direct BSBFOEB MMMM. I iMr. Forsyth to retrace his steps and resume , diplomatic relations with that government: and : it was therefore deemed proper to sanction his withdrawal of the legation frotu the city ol ' Mexico. Abundaut, cause now undoubtedly exists, for a resort to hostilities against the guvevtt ; tnent still holding possession of the capital ' Should they succeed iu subduing the constitu tional forces, all reasonable hope will then have expired of a peaceful settlement of our diffioul ; tics. On the other hand, should the constitutional party prevail, and the authority bo established I over the republic, there is reason to hope that j they will be animated by a lcss # unfrienldy spirit aud may grant that redress to Ametican ctti -1 zens which justice requite*, si far as they may possess the means. But fur tins expectation, 1 1 should at once have recomutendcd to Uougrcss | to grant the necessary power to the President to take pussc.sfion of a sufficient portion of the remote aud unsettled territory of Mexico, lobe held in pledge until our injuries shail he re dressed. and our just demands he satisfied.— We have already exhausted every nniVßMkeans of obtaining justice. In such a case, this rem i edy of reprisals is recognized by the law ot na tions, not only as jost iu itself, lut-us a means of preventing actual war. But there is another view of our relations with Mexico, arising front the uunappy condi tion of aifairs along our southwestern frontier, which demands immediate action. In that re mote region, where litete are but few white in i habitants, largo bauds ui hostile and predatory ; iiidiucts roam promiscuously over the Mexican 1 States of Chihuahua and Sonora, and uur ad i joining ten itories. The local governments of i tbeso States tire perfectly helpless, aud are kept ' :u a httte of constant alarm by the Indians.— I They have not the power, if they possessed the | will, even to restrain lawless Mexicans from ; passing the border and conimittiug depredations lon our remote settlers. A state of autarchy | and violence prevails throughout that diatuui | frontier. The laws are a dead le'.ter, an 1 life | and property sre wholly insecure Fur this rcaou the settlement of Arizona is rrrested, whilst it is of great importance that a chaiu of inhabitants should ex'eud all along iis southern border, sufficient for their ~wn protection aud 1 that of tltc Uuited Stales mail passing to and ! Iron. California. Well-founded appioheu-iuus I arc now entertained, that the Indians, and | wandering Mexicans, equilly lawless, may break | up the important s'agc and postal coamiuoica j tion recently established between ou/*' Atlantic arid Pacific possession}. Tit s u i--.es very near J to the Mexican boundary throughout the whoie length of Arizona. 1 can imagine r.o poo-ible | remedy for these evils and no mode of restor ing law and otuet ou that remote and un-ut ! tied fruitier but for Ihe government of the i United States to ae-ume a temporary proteeto [ rate over the northern portions of (Jtiihuuhui i and Sonora, and to establish military posts wi;h --! in the iautu —and this I earnestly recctutuend to | Congress. This protection m y to withdrawn ' as soon as loc>! governments .-hill be est.ib lished in tnese Mexican ot-> . > capable of per forming their dn'.its to titc United States, re- I straining the lawless ..nu preserving peace along tho border. Ido not doubt that this measure will be j viewed iu a friendly spirit by the governments and people of Chihuahua and Sunora, as it will ( prove equally effectual for ttie protection of their ciiizcus en that remote and lawless frou- I tier, as fur citiz ns of the United .States. Aud iu this cau&eetiou, peratii mo to recall your attention to the condition of Arizona.— The population of that territory, numbering as, is alleged, more than ton thou.-.iud soul-, are practically without a government, without laws, aud without any regular administration of jus tice. Murder and other crimes are committed with impunity. Titis state of things calls . loudly for redress; and 1 therefore repeat my j recommendation for the establishment of a ler ; ritutiil government over Arizona. The political condition of the narrow isth mus of Central America, through which tran sit routes pass between ihe Atlantic and Pa ciGc oceans, presents a subjict of deep inter est to ail commercial nations, it. U over these iran-its that a large proportion of the iiade I and travel between the iOuropcau ami Asiatic continents is ;k-Mined to pass. To the United Slates tnesu tuatcs ir : ot tucaicuiahle import j ance, as a means of coumianieatioß between tiicit Atlantic and Pacific possessions, lite latter now extend throughout scventeiu de grees of latitude on the Pacific coast, cmbra j cing tltc important. fSiato of California and tiio flourishing territories of Oregon and Washing iugton. All couimercial nations, therefore, j have i deep and direct iuterosf, thai these , comuiuuications shall Le reudered secure from I interruption. It aa arm of tho sea, cutitt. cl ing the two oceans, penetrated tiirouglt Nica ; rngua and Oo'ita iiica, it could not be pretend ed that these Slates would have the tight to arrest or retard its navigation, to the injury of other nations. The trausit by land over this narrow isthmus occupies nearly the same posi tion. It is a highway in which they them selves have little interest, whea compared with the vast interests of :ho rest of the world.— | Whilst their rights of sovereignty ought to bo | respected, it is tbe duty of other nations to re quire that (his important passage shall uot be i iiitcuuptcd by the civil wars and revolutionary outbreaks which have so Irequcutly occurred in that region. The stake is too important to be left at the mercy of rival compauie-, claim ing to hold conflicting contracts with Nicara , gua. The commerce of other natious is uot to ; staud still and aw dt the adjustment of such j petty controversies. The government of the , United iStitcs expect uo more thau this, aud | they will uot be satisfied with less. They ! would not, if they cyuld, derive any advantage I fiuui the Nicaragua transit, not common to tbo i rest of the world. Its neutrality and protec | tion, for tho common use of ail nations, is their | only object. Tbcy have no objection that Nic ; aragua shu'l demand and receive a fair coui i peusatiou, from the companies and individuals ; who may traverse the route; but they insist I that it shall never hereafter be closed by au arbitrary docree of that government. If dis putes arise betweeu it and those with whom they may have entered into contracts, these must be adjusted by some fair tribunal provi : ded fur the purpose, aud the route must uot be closed pending tbo controversy. This is our whole policy, and it ca> .1 .ail to be accepta ble to other uations. All these difficulties might be avoided, if, consistently with tho good faith of Nicaragua, I the use of this transit could be thrown open to . genera! competition; providing at the same time for tiio ptymei.it of a reasonable rate to the Nicaraguan government, on passengers ci.u freight, lti August, 1852, Ibe Accessory Transit Company made ita fiv.-t internee, rite trip over the Nicaragua toutc, ami cont inucil in success" ful operation, with gtcat advantage to tl.e public, until tbe 1 Sth February, 1856, win nic was cloned, and the grant to 11>is mnpany, a- well as its charter, wote sitinui.irily ami arbitrarily [evoked by the guvcruuuiu ot Frtstdeitl Ri vas. Previous to tliis dale, however, in 1854, serious disputes concerning the settlement of 4heir accounts had arisen between the company aud the government, litreatenit g the interrup tion of the route at any moment. These the United States in vain endeavored to compose. It would be useless to nutate the various pro ceedings which took place between the patties, up to the time when the lean-it was di confin ed. suffice it tu say that since Febtuary,lßsG. it Las remained closed, greatly to tie prejudice of citizens of the United States, ciiice that time, the competition lias ceased tctwecti the rival routes of I'anauta and Nicaragua,. and, in consequence thereof, an unjust and unreasona ble amount has been exacted from our citizens for thcil passage to and froui California. A treaty signed on the 10th day of No vember, 1807, by the .Secretary of S ate and Minister of Nicaragua, under t.c stij ulitionn which the u.>e aud pi election of the transit route would have been secured, not only to the United Suites, but equally to all other uatiolt*. Mow aud on what} this treaty uas fail ed to receive the rutifi ration of tires Nicaragua) government will appear by the papers hciewtth communicated from the Ft ate Ptpai lutcn!.— The priucipal objection seems .o have been, to the provision auibotizing 'he I nited S. aes !o employ fotce to keep the route t pen, in rase Nicaragua should fail to pet-firm l.er duty in this respect. From the feellem ss of tliut republic, it., fro- i q-unt changes of government, au i its constant ■ in tonal dissent ious, this had become a mo-t ! important stipulation, and rite essentially ne- j eessary, not only for the security of the route, | hut for the safety of American citizens passing • aud repassing to and front our Pacific posses- | sious. Were such a stipulation embraced in a I iienty between the Uuitcd States an ! N'ioara- I gua, the knowledge of this fact would of itself j most probably prevent hostile parties ftum i committing uggtessions ou tfic route, and ten dor our actual interference for i's } rotec ioti unnecessary. The ex. cutivu government of this country, ! in its intercourse witii foreign nations, is limited , to the employ incut of diplomacy alone. \\ hen i this tails, it can proceed uo further. It catm.it legitimately ro.-oit to force, williout tlio direct autboiit v ( i Congress, except ui resisting and repelling hostile attack-, it would h.vcnoi authority to enter the territories of Nicutagua, | even to prevent the destruction of tire transit, i and ptotect the lives and property of our own citizens on their passage. It is true, that ou a sud.leu emergency < i this character, he Pres ident would direct any armed force in the vi- | ci.iify to uitreh to their relief; hut in doing this he would act upon his own respousibil ity. Under these circumstances, I earnestly tcc oinuieud to Congiess the passage of an act au thoriziug the President, vnder such restrictions as they may deem proper, to rmpiby 1 the hud and naval forces ot the United States in pre venting the transit troiii being obstructed or closed by iawioss violence, and i.i protecting the lives and property of American citizens travelling thereupon, requiring at the sain time that these forcer shall be withdrawn the moment tu danger shall have passed away.— - Without such a provision, our citizens will be constantly exposed to interruption in their pio- j gress, and to lawless violence. A similar necessity cxi-ts for the passage of .-licit an aet, for the protection of the Panama 1 and Tehuantcpee routes. lti reference to the Panama route, the Uni ted States, by their existing tieatv with N"..w Granada, expressly guarantee the neutrality of the Isthmus, "with lite view that the free trau- ! sit from the one to the other sea may not be ! interrupted or . tubarasscd in any'future time ! while this treaty ixists." (Concluded next week.) # TUB FI.ECIION IN NEW YORK.—The chat-i tor election in New York on Tuesday resu.ted i in the substantial defeat of both wings of the j Democracy. The chief contest was for Comp troller, aud the vote stood:—Haws, Rep. and American, 32 ; 8f'0- Purser, T-uniit-jny J' m., 18,0414; Russell, Anti-Tauiwiny D. ttt , 11,-j 916 llaws over Purser aud Russell, 2,- 835. Brueninghausen, R"p., and Lyuch, Au ti-Tatn:uany Item , probably, are elected Aims house Governors. Tlie Herald sums up. tl t general result as follows: 1 The (Jomptrollcship. The Republicans hive gained that. 2. The light between the Stehomsof Old Tammany and the Wood party. The Sachems have saved their bacon by the skin of their teeth, but the glory of Old Tatntuary derart ; ed in the struggle. o. Tltc contest i:t the election of school of ficers for the Bible in the public schools. The result is largely in favor of the Bible. I he Tribune say-: There is little reason to doubt that if, instead i of put ting up contractors and lobby agents, ' the Democratic patty had selected as its candi- j dates men of tiubleinislied character aud inuis ' potable capacity, lltey would have been elected, i Tbe Republicans are now successful because they had copjmitted their cause to wonliy rep ! rrscntatives. Their victory is not so much the ! victory of a party as of public virtue and pub ! lie decency, it is this which gives it value | far beyond that of any mere party advantage. THRIVING GERMAN SETTLEMENT IN TEXAS. I —A letter in the New York Herald, dated I Fort (Mark, Texas, thus refers to a thriving | German settlem°nt: Some thirty miles front San Antonio is loca ted the flourishing German villago of New Braumfcls, an oasis of thrift and industry ' amidst a desert of genuiao Texian ia ziness. The main street of tho village i.s very wide, and litted on either side by neat painted cottages, with tasty grass plots .ud flower gar • dens in frout. Here you find an excellent ho tel, a bakery, some flue stores, and no less than I ten wagou factories. These Gorman BcttJe ! ruonts .abound m educated men—Hungarian-, Poles, cud even Ausiriius, rivaling the Ucr ; usans themselves in education and refinement I —all, or nearly all, exiles from tho fatherland, |on account of their political opinions. Ac I have remarked in a previous letter, these Gor -1 mans ate doing for Texas a great work of eiv ilizali' ii, gradually convincing tlio people of llust Stun- dm iuUuetiy s>nti cuotiomy curry wealth and prosperity along with thcni, >;d form the sure foundation of a powerful and in fluential community. BKDFOH!) ! XUITJHEH BEDFG?.D, Fa. I'ridtiy Jfoinfi.p. DEC It IHZH "r i> \HLL.M* \m FREE. 7 ' I. OYlflS.--(editor and Ptoprlelor. CLOSE OF run VOLUME.— The ninth volume uf this piper, nuder our coutro!, will be conelc ded the operations of hit j law. Y\'c have .o often pro'ed th ,> jalttiy of iLcsc j asst i M-ns tliat we scarce'} deem them worthy of art further rt'utatiu . We have shown •hat oil the iu:.iibor? of the House that voted against the T. riff of 1857, were Americans j .••rid Republicans, except bare one .' We have j shown that a l uge majority of tin so who did | vote ft rit were Locofoco>! We hive shown that the Piisident wis a Locofpcn. We have j shown that the Semite was Locofuco by two thirds! We have shown that the House was divided, neither fa'y having a majority, and neither party beirg a Lie to elect their spc-kei i by a moj-ui y of v >te >! \Y e have shown fiom ti.is that the opposition we to net iu power and : Could not pass any law! Mr. Wilson is only an iudividu-1 member ef the party, and his views are not the views of the party, any more j ihao Asa Rackcr, Lc euly Loeofoeo whe voted :-L T ainst it, is 1 r sscd the views of his paiiy! — There are alv.a• s one Buchanan, Lecooiptou, pro-slivcry, free-trade Lovofocoism' Enough, however, ou this pjint. The Tariff of 1857 was not the cause of the present hard times. \i e must go farther Licit to tlio Tariff of 1846. The net of 1857 was pissed in the spring,'ind the (t ts/i cam: in Sep tember of the same year. It had not been lung ere ugh in operation for its provisions to be fait until '.lie crisis occurred! Certainly the contemptible hang-dug viliian who pcuncd tho article in the 'iLzHto will tut object to the au thority by which we prove tbisfae'. Mr. Buch anan, in his last Mt-ss ;ge, says as follows in regard to i'. : No government, ami i-speehiily a govtmuieut of such e-i pomr* as that of tuo United ' States, eoui 1 have prevented the l.to revu-sion. The whole commercial world seemed for \- irs to have been rushing to tins catastrophe. Ttie same ruinous consnjueace would hive follow d iu the I uiteel States, whether ilia duties upon foreign imports had ivinsined us .hev were un der the tariff of 1846, or had been raised to a much higher standard. The Tutij) of 1857 hud n'j i r-ncy in the r s At. The gene ral nuuse exiatiug itirougliout the world, could not have been controlled by the legi-lilure of any particular coutitiy. Tho history of the country proves, Mr. Buch anan's assertion 'o the contrary notwithstanding that under every protec-.ive Tariff, tiiucs wcro good and our people prospeicu, ami whenever such Tariff was repealed, we had a "revulsion," The present crash would li ivo taken place in 1847 or 1848, bad not the famine iu Europe occurred, which afforded u market for all out surplus products, aud the gold in California discovered, which paid tho balance of trade agaiast us; hut even that source Ins failed to supply tho deficiency—the balance of trade be ing so largely against us, aud the crash has couie, as come it must. If we waut hatter times we must return to the principles of the Tariff cf 1842, which was repealed by the Lo eofocos. AN IMPORTANT FEATURE. —Tue t reat d - uiand which exists fur its graduates, u'i-i the high salaries which they command sr.- il.o best possible guar.H.te.os of the practical ani busi ness vatuo of those whom the Iron City bolie. e i r ■ • mui-n-N — Hunt's JUmxhnnts' Mo rizirr. PREACHER AKKKSYMD ]\ TEX\pv SEE. \\ I ear ii foii ih - Mt. Mori is (Ogle Co. Ij| \ : Indvj eudei.f W atcbm ni, that Rev. ISJCI , | (Jaib: r, of lint county, a preacher amone )[, Tunkci sor Oermsn Bapißv, ,v ;:s arrested short time sin iindei :!"• fol', w :.,^ r st anc ■'lie v ut on a visit !o lis friend- sti-l rjnaintaiiC's in East Tc-unesgce, and, vlii" there, was solicited to jucatb, which he agreed I". and, in the course of his Ferm'.i, incidentally ailuded to Freedom, iu its Li<, U 'l sen sc. For taking such liberties 5, a si a * . was arreted and obliged 'o give I oo'N io (L • sum f §SOO for bi, appM ri | JCe ~ c ' Or i'enkcr fi crids vi:!l Lo udmonisled Lr ta ! -egn : g, 'hat wt< o they g., irto aay 0 ' the > ■ they will keep their mou- .i shut o:i the subject i f Freedom. It is true '!. y_r vuti.uriz dby the I h-sed G >sp„| I whi .-h ti>'-y preach, to "procl-iim liberty io the o-iptive, and tiie opening of the prison doors to them t! at are ! ound," !ut t!, y wiR understand fi oui tl.c w y "i*c ■ iiiug t. molest or m ike air-id," hu. Mr. G , at leas', li is been uu levi iv.-d, : J nis quiet ami u:.,b:ru-ive deuon.ii.sti,,!, ~f i Chris, iis pr-. tty strong in ( ( ,r B d.'oid t'i uaty, ami ;• it in ugh in 1 uiit i •;,! sct.- | tiuierit they rrc almost unanimous'v j til - I,on f'te jsi i\i eeracy. lh'-y Sildoin, liev lor vote- •' A e tlr.i.k, however, whrr ?uc'.i Rets | as eout -ir.ci in the above p,t sgraj h CHI-C i t-> tht ui, as well as to of hr < Lristians, i.,y will sc.! the in p. I t Hid of hircaft. I ca.--.i- I their stiff ages against a pasty ti ■> . ltl( [ j imprisons laithful in n'stirs of tire meek and ; lowly Saviour, for uttering the doctrines v f tj w . | -M. Ssiiii aud true libtrty. Junkers, and all other Christian®, remember these things in iho fu.ure, ;ml let nothing prevent you from vot ing again-i snail a par'y. iraubies Ahead! '1 lie Arm rioau sic itucr Washington was lately : hoarued in the Gulf by 'Seers of the Bmisb steamers Leopard .u , \ alorous, on suspicion ; that they i.ad arms ri d . mmuuition on hoard for the filibusters who L;e!\ ercapc. from ;he b . Siatcr. tor Nicaragua. Tioub e .s ovid,r.t!y i br-' WiUg. lil-r Fniladeij'Lia B lib.' '!! cf loth It tin re is any faith to 'oc [u! in signs, the waters of the Guif of Mexico arc likely to be coTne ironbmu waters, i.nd a great warts brew ing till re. J is ■'"*ej t.. .t the ,aeai :-h dlir.- istcrat \\ a.-hiugton Las fo;iiislly aucoii-'eed o I tdl j IliiS LCcluiidi V al* agaii.st .'iexico. 1 Uts, ot If, is euougii to Cutupiicate ui.lters sefiou-.y, as any a; e.ipt now, ou she pait of Bpai.i, :o so zt M- xiv any porttoii o: i', untst ie .U to ilinijuHy this couutiy. Siuiuliaticoi.siy nith this wc i.e. r of the ucpn.turoo: a Froi.eu fled t- tiie 'da!-, Ostet'sibiy lor Centrai America, hut un re :r j b.ibly tor Mexico, aui (ir.s gives color to th * ioea tint .ho govemuicuts o: r r mce and Bje,v , bttweeu which there is a strong sympathy si„.-. : the b.uijteroi'.s mar iagc, arc goiug to co cpir ; te, s j as to pi ice a Bp-uish or French princo upon i Mexicau throce. Goupling this affair wi'ii our disturbed rela t;ous with Mt x.eo and Veniral America, ihe de patiuro of A aiker's isjieditiou t" N iearanus, ao.: too c. il iu.t Oi Bti i-ii Vcsseis of war lo wailis Auiericau .esseis iu (lie t?ait", thrre is stroug r.ason tor appiebtudiug . very genera! ruptuie, .uj periiiips a serious one, in wiiicli ino U. States ami ti.o liuv.-po.iii p wers wiil be eugagcu, .voile Al.xieo and (he Central Aiueri -B'ali-s v.it; iuit Vlctlius to li;e SlioQgeSt. — Alien the i res! lint's Message, with i: uu uicissuriiy open avowal <.f ids designs ou Cub.., and Mexico, re actios Europe, tho three powers, wili luiuiaily tvot indignant, and their j .-resent, pi-ii.', we acver they may Le, -vtil receive rnoc uieatious that will give tiieni a character more -jsiite tuau cvir against tiie U. States. Tiie emergency i- a difficult oue, and it is to be la mented ;h c our govern went is 'not in Letter •i.iuds ii.au it i--. We do uot wonder -,t Li-ar mg that there is much uueasiuess aud anx.eiy m .uo dcpartiii.-p;.s and diploma'ic circles at Muskingum, iiiE KANSAS QUESTION. L .> i: ptou Loeofoooisiu has been toliiug the people iiiat ti.e K...sas questioa was eottleu, an i that everything is peaceful and ipuic: :litre m w. ami that it w-.s ouiy the Americans uti-i i'.epub- leans who weiv keeping il open for the purp. j of political e-j,it.il. By reference tj the 1 .st Misssg-- i f i!d Mr. Buchanan, it v.:; 1 b- seen t!. t be devotes three uiortai coi uit.s o perverting and misrepresenting ihs ivausas question. If the qucstt-ju wa® settled, who is ii uow that us opening the old seres and keeping up the agitation ? For what purpose is the agitators kept up by the old inui 1 Let his apologists aud friends answer! li won't do for fippentiybil papers like tho Gazette, and auiill politicians generally, to charge the keep ing up of the Mgit tion on th* opp'sition here after. Co I. J. \V. Forney. The Loei-toco papers threugbou: the couutiy, have been and y> t contiuue to be unsparing m their abuse of Col. Forney, tho most powerful writer, aud one of Ui>- most tal ented men in (hut party, because he would uot bow dowu aud worship the ;;"!den va'f cf Mr. Bucksuui:. In a Lie numi-t-r ct ih" ' he replys to these jickais in the folic significant paragraph . ' Occasion.-!iy we s<, - paper, saiiiti.ces : h . • ..u., t'l l> luff: ,1s will t" tltrg'.Vl IJ |f ti cy r-.!l"' !