they were driven out of their city and compelled { in mid winter to seek a new home beyond the j farthest borders of civilization. The first 1 companies, embracing sixteen hundred persons, , crossed the Mississippi on the 3d of February, ! 1846, and similar detachments continued to. leave until July and August, travelling by ox j learns towards California, then almost uuknown , and quite unpeopled by the Auglo Saxon race, i Their enemies asserted that the intention of j the Saints was tp uxeite tlie Indians against the government, and that they would return to ; tuke vengeance on the whiles for the indignities j they had suffered. Nothing appears to have j been further from their intentions. Their sole object was to plant their Church in some fertile and hitherto undiscovered spot, where they might be unmolested by any opposing sect. — Tbe war against Mexico was tben raging, aud, to test the loyally of the Mormons, it was suggested that a demand should be made on them to raise fire hundred men for the service of the country. They consented and that number of their best men enrolled themselves ' under Gen. Kearney, and marched 2,400 miles with the armies of the United State''. At the conclusion of the war they were disbanded in Upper California. Ttiey allege that it was one of this band who, in working at a mill, first discovered the golden treasures of California; and they arc said to have amassed large quanti ties cf gold before the seciet wag made genet ally known to the "Gentiles." But faith was not kept with the Mormons who remained in Nauvoe. Although they had agreed to leave in detachments, as rapidly as practicable, they were not allowed uecessary time to dispose of their property, and in September, 1840, the city wus beseiged by their enemies upon the pretence that they did not intend to fulfil the stipulations made to tbe people and authorities of Illinois. After a three days bjtubardmcnt, the last rem nant was fiually driven out. The terrible hcjira of the Mormon emigrants over the Rocky Mountains has been described by Mr. Kane of Philadelphia, iu an interesting phamphlet, which is honorable to his own char acter for good sense and for benevolent feeling. No religous emigration was ever attended by more suffering, no emigration of any kind was ever proseeuted with more bravery. It result ed iu the permanent establishment of the "Com monweal! hof the New Covenant,'' in Utah or Deseret, one of the interior of this Continent, near its western border. Of this territory Mr. Kane says: "Deseret is emphatically a new country: new In its own characteristic features, newer still in its bringing together within its limits the most inconsistent peculiarities of other coun tries. I cannot aptly compare it to any. De scend from rhc mountains, where you have tho scenery and climate of Switzerland, to seek the sky of your choice among the many climates of Italy, and you may find weiiing out of the same hills the freezing springs of Mexico aDd the hot springs of Iceland, both together coursing their way to tbe Salt Sea of Palestine, in the plain below. The piages of Malte Brun provide mo with a less trnthfu lparaliel to it than those which describe the Happy Valley of Rasselas, or the Continent of Ballibarbi." fp l I T__ . vf tl- *f. . .IV'S.O -- -- -t --been an unbroken record of pro c perity. It has looked as though the elements of fortune obe dient to a layv of natural reaction, were strug gling to compensate their undue share of suf fering. They may he pardoned for deeming it miraculous. But, in truth, the ccouomist ac counts for it all, who explains to us the speedy recuperation of cities, laid in ruios by blood, fire, and earthquake. During its years of trial Mormon labor had subsisted on insufficient cap ital, ami under many difficulties, but it has subsisted, and survives them now, asintelligent aud poweriul as ever it was at Nauvoo ; with this difference, that it lias iu tl.e meantime been educated to habits of unmatched thrift, energy and endurance, and has been transplated to a situation where it is in every respect more pro ductive. Moreover, during all that period of their journey, while some have gained by handicraft, and the experience of repeated essays at their various haltingplaces, the iniuds of all have been busy framing designs and planning improvements they have since found opportunity to execute. Their territory is unequalled as a stock raising country; the finest pastures of Lombardy arc not moio es timable than those on the cast side of the Utah Lake and it tributary rivers, and it is scarcely less rich in timber and minerals than the most fortunate portions of the continent. From the first the Mormons had little to do iu Deseret, bat attend to mechanical and strictly agricultural pursuits. They have made several successful settlements: the farthest north is distant more tiian forty miles, and tho farthest south, in a valley called the Sanneech, two hundred from that first formed. A dupli cate of the Lake Tiberias empties its waters into the innocent Dead Sea of Deseret, by a fiue river, which they have named the Western Jordan. It was on tho right bank of this stream, on a rich table land, traversed by cx haustless waters falling from the highlands, that the pioneers, coining out of the mountains in the night of the 24th of July, 1847, pitched vheir first camp iu the Valley, and consecrated the ground. This spot proved tho most favorable site for their chief settlement, and after exploring the whole country, they founded oa it iheir city of the New Jerusalem. Its houses are diffused, to command as much as possible the farms, which are laid out in wards •or cantons, with a common fence to coeh. The farms in wheat already cover a space nearly as large as Rhode Island. Toe houses of New Jerusalem, or Great Salt Lake City, as it is •commonly called, are distributed over an area nearly as great as Miaf of New York. TLe foundations have been laid for a temple more magnificent than f'vit which was eree'ed at Nauvoo. The foregoing paragraphs were written in 1851. At that time the writer said thai 'io fcrmaiiou just received from Utah justifies ap prehensions that the ambition of Brigham Young will be continually productive of diffi culties." The lapse of six years has verified, the prediction. They have been years of in cessant contention between Brigham Young and the General Government, until at last the Prophet has proceeded to such lengths as to compel our Government to rcsoit to arms for Lis subnotion. An army is now on its way to the Valley of the Great Salt Lake, but so small we its numbers and so determined are the Mormons to prevent its accomplishing the task imposed upon it, that fears are entertained lest it bo eat cff. The last iutelligeuce from tb plains is of the ruost alamiiug character. Three Government trains had been destroyed by the Mormons; and it is reported that tweuty thousand Indians are leagued with theui in their hostility to the United States. What credence is to be given to this latter repoit, we will not venture to say; but if it prove true, the stroug arm of the Government must be put forth to crash our eueniies, and to remove that community which will prove a festering so long as it remains a part of the body politic. To prove effective, the navigation must be severe. FROM KASiSAS. Gov. Walker as a Traveller — His Talk about the Convention. BTEAMEU OGLESBT, Missouri Kiver, ) November 20, 1857. ) The good steamer Oglesby is approaching Jeffersou City, with a passenger list embracing the Hon. Robert J. Walker, the Ilou. J. 11. Stringfellow, the Hon. Somebody of South Carolina, and your correspondent. Gov. WalkSr came en board at Leavenworth, with the most remarkable lot of travelling appa ratus ever seen on this throughfare. Among other portions of his outfit is his whole Kansas library, boxed and secured apparently for a long journey. In addition to this he has about two drays of miscellaneous freight, comprising, I should say, all the movable property belonging to the Governor of Kansas, His Exeelleuey has not been counuuuicative on the subject of his early return to the Territory, wheuce his fellow passengers have inferred that he does not anti cipate returuiug at all. Navigation wilt have closed before he gets back from Washington, and the transportation of his freigiit by land front Jefferson toLeeompton will cost somebody §lO per 100 pounds—au expense wbioh so shrewd a financier as the Governor would ccrtaiuly not iucur in a crises like the present. There is to be no special session of the Kan sas Legislature. The Free State Territorial Committee met in Lawrence, a few days before we left the Territory, uud appointed a Com mittee of their own number to wait upon the Governor, aud urge him to oull such a session to take actiou concerning the monstrous pro ceedings of the Lecouiptun Bogus Convention. This Committee divided itself into two embassies one going to Lecouiptou and the other to Leavenworth. The Governor was found at the latter place, or rather at au embryo town just au'side of Leaveuwortb aud just inside of the Fort Leavenworth Reservation The Governor said it was quite clear a special session ought to be called, but lie doubted his power to issue the call. He would examine the law, and if he found it withiu the scope of bis authority, lie would act in aecotdance with their sugges tion. The Committee said that they would remain in Leavenworth until the Governor could pott himself up. They called the next day in season to learn that the Governor had taken passage on the steamer Oglesby for St. Louis. So lam in formed by a gentleman who came on board just as the steamer shoved off. The Committee who went to Lecouiptou found Stanton, and u.gv-u ......... ..... „ „ a He agreed folly with their views, and thought that course indispcusablc; but, of course, de clined to take any action on bis own part while his superior wus in the Territory. Mr. Stanton knows by this time that his superior has ran away from the responsibility of either calling the session or not calling it. The Secretary who is now Acting Governor, will, doubtless, avail himself of some other dodge. Gov. Walker has expressed himself very freely during tiie trip concerning the framcrs of the Lecuropton Constitution, lie even alleges that they are liable to indictment at common law for conspiracy. Jl more beggarly and butcherly crowd of sots, ruffians and ussas st/is, according to the Governor, never assem bled together on the face oj the earth. His Ex cellency renews this theme every few minutes with the utmost energy of cursing. I happen to know that the Governor's nialedictious are riehly merited, but I confess botli surprise and admiratiou at the faithfulness with which they have been applied. Auioug the passengers on the Oglesby, as 1 mentioned before, is Dr. J. H. Stringfellow, scuic.vhat notorious iu Kansas history, though not so prominent as his brother B. F. String fellow, l ife of the Squatter Sovereign. Last evening, after Gov. Walker had retired to his staie-rcptn, inebriated, Stringfellow got into a dispute with an ill-looking customer, who bailed froui South Caiuliua, on the fruitful topic of the Oxford election returns. Stringfellow main tained that Walker had acted properly in throw ing out these returns. South Carolina held exactly the opposite. Of course the proper way to arrive at the truth was to shoot each other. Out came a couple of revolvers, aud hang went one of theni at the head of the heretic on the other side of the table. Fortunately, or un fortunately, both weapens were struck aside aud tLe combatants separated by the bystnud. era. The excitement in Leaveuwortb ou the sub ject of tho bogus Constitution is intense. An indignation meeting of Free State men was held there last Saturday, and another will be held on the 25th, to decide whether to vote at the Constitution election, or fight.— Cor. Chicago Tribune. DEFEAT OF MAYOR WOOD. The Mayor's election in New York City on Tuesday resulted in the election of Daniel l' 1 . Tiamann, the people's caudidato, by nearlv 3,000 majority over the notorious Fernando Wood. Tire latter, for three years, has been ruling New York with an almost dictatorial power, standing ont as the especial representa tive of the shoulder-hitters, bruisers, t; act hi era, rum-heads, and rowdyism generally. Under ?ris administratiou rowdyism and crime became rampant in the city, and ihc city taxes ran up enormously by reason of the shameless ami open corruption and peculation of the Wood itcs in every department of the municipal government. The Americana, Republicans, and conservative Democrats united on Tuesday last on Mr. Ticinatni—the Foreigners, Irish Catholics, and representatives of the Five Points, uniting on Wood, the Tammany II ii Democratic nominee. The Police Commission appointed over 2,000 special police with stringent ciders to arrest every rowdy who should attempt disturbance at the polls, awl holding the military in readiness to support them if necessary. The result is tho triumph of the Citizen's candidate—a triumph which roust be hailed with lively gratification by the conservative and law-abiding citizens of the entire Union. BIBFOEB IMOUIRBR. THIRTY-FIFTH CONGRESS. OPEXIXG OF TllE SESSION. BOTH HOUSES FULLY ORGANIZED. IT. S. CARXXOR,, WASHINGTON, Dec. 7. The weather to-day is charming, and tie I openiug of Cougress has attracted dense crowds j in the galleries of both bouses and other p&its of the Capitol. The greeting between tie members and their friends served to rembr the scene pleasantly exciting. SENATE. On the roll being called fifty Senators at swerod to their names. The Seuat# wasoalhd to order by the Secretary, who read a iottr from Mr. Breckinridge, Vice President, statiig that he would not be able to reach Washingtoi at the commencement of the session. On motion of Mr. Benjamin, a resolution wa adopted that the oath required by the consti'u tiou bo administered by Mr. Bright, the oldes member present. Messrs. Andrew Johnson, of Tennessee, ant Mr. Clark, of New Hampshire, new members were sworn iu aud took their scats. The Senate proceeded to ballot for President pro {cm. of the Senate, when Hon. Ilenjauiii Fitzpatrick, of Alabama, was chosen, aud beini conducted to his seat, returned his acknowl edgments for the honor conferred. The usual resolutions were adopted for the appointment of committees to inform tbe JQORS* and the President of tho United States thai the Senate wis organized and ready fot the transaction of business. After the Executive session the Senati ad journed without trausactiDg any further busi ness. HOt SE or REPRESENTATIVES. Two hundred and twenty oue member: an swered to the call of the House. A quorum of members being thus aecerained to bo present, the House proceeded b the election of the Speaker. Mr. Orr was nominated by Mr. Jons, of Tennessee, aud Mr. Grow by Mi. Balks of ! Massachusetts. On the baliot the vote stood as follow! Mr. Orr, I' 3 Mr. Grow, B .Scattering, B The announcement cf the result was geeted with applause. The Clerk appointed Messrs. Steplms and B inks as a committee to conduct Mr. Or to the chair. The oatn of office was admtmsteed by Mr. Giddiugs. Ou assuming the chair, Mr. Orr expressed his thanks for the honor conferred up< bim. The delicate and responsible duties of the chair, he said, would be comparatively light if he should be so fortunate as to secure the coope ration of the members in despatching busiiess, and in upholding the dignity of the Home.— He promised to administer tho rules whiefcmay he adopted with firmness and impartially.— The great business confided to them by tboeo ple admonished them to cultivate a pat no ism as expansive as the Confederacy itself. Me cherished the hope that tho public businm, j would he. triis('t.t /n a* to inter) sis ana happiness of the entire people, aud, the Constitution woul l be maintained in its in tegrity, and thai their legislation would quick-j en the greatness and glory of our common country. The members were then sworn in, advancing in delegations for that purpose. The rules of the last House were adopted with a proviso offered Ly Mr. Clingman, that 1 any committee having occupied tho morning hour for ten days iu succession, such committee shall not have the right to report further uutiU the other committees shall hare been called in i turn. Mr. Allen, of Illinois, was elected Clerk Mr. Glosbrenner, Sergeant-at-Arms, and Mr. Hackney, Doorkeeper. Mr. Clusky was de clared Postmaster by a resolution. Ttios. B. Florence gave notice of bis intsn* tiou to introduce a biil for the suppression oli all batik notes nuder §IOO in the District o! Columbia. Adjourned. KANSAS! AFFAIRS. The present judications are, that the Frsi, State men of Kausas will not participate ii tt the vote to be taken on the 21st of Decern 1 ber, upon the Slavery clause of the Lecomptoi Constitution. That election is to be managed by creature* ; to be appointed by Surveyor General Calhour, j and the returns nte to be received, cosntei, and declared by him. In view of the knovn character of Calhoun, it is probably of liule i consequence to the result whether the Free ' State men vote or not. The Johnson county j and McGec county frauds will be enactec ever , again, only upon a more gigantic scale. Upon the whole, it may be assumed that the Leconipton Constitution, with tho Slavery clause as a part of it, will be sent to Congtes3 for their sanction. M ill Congress admit Kansas, with suh a Constitution, and under such circumstanced It is certain that the Administration will use all its influence and patronage to force the measure through Congress. The Southarn members of both parties, with ao occasional exception, will also support it. From the Northern Democracy, there are, as yet, tto important indentions of oppositioi to if, except frotn Col. Forney'* Philadelphia Press, and ftotn the Chicago Times, which is known to be the organ of Judge Dauglas.— The Chicago Tribune says tliut it is bnliived iu Chicago that the Times, in this matter, is reflecting the present opinions of Judge Doug las although the Tribttue thinks he will finally succumb to the pressure of the South, after he arrives at \\ ashingtou. The Tribune says: "Oar belief is, that at present Douglas is in- j elinctl to sustain tho view-* set forth is the j Times. Here, among his constituents, and iu j daily contact with loading men of his party, he ' is convinced that his only hope of re-election ! to the Senate next fall depends upon carrying ! out, in apparent good faith, his of! r. psu'c.i ! Kansas pledges. He keenly feels and clearly j ices, that if the people mo betrayed, not or.lv 1 his own hopes, but his patty in Illinois, will b> j crushed to powder umlcr the wrath of public i indignation. But iti a few days he will he iu I Washington, in the midst of tbc great leaders fno year. TERMS —Alwaya In Advance. One copy one year, $2,60 Three copies, for one year, 6,U0 Five copies for one year, 7,50 Light copies, for one year, 10,GG Sixteen copies, for one year, 20,00 PREMIUMS FOR CLUBS. Three, live, eight or sixteen copies make a Club. To every person getting up a Club, our "Casket," containing forty Engravings, will be given,gratis: or, if preferred, n copy of the Ma gazine tor 1858. For a Club of sixteen, an eztra copy of the Magazine for 1858 in addition. Ad dress, post paid, CHARLES J. PETERSON, .800 Chestnut Street, Phila. Nov. 27,1857. sent Grails. BRILL!JM' PROSPECTUS! FOURTH YEAR OF THE fosmopTlitßD Art Association. The famous Dussoldorf Gallery of Paintings Purchased at a cost of $180,000! And Powers' world renowned Statue of the Greek Slive! Re purchased for s : x thousand dollars, with sevsra! hundred other Work of Art, in Paintings, Scalp ture and Bronzes, comprise the Premiums !• tie awarded to the subscribers of the Cosmopolitan art association, who subscribe before the 29th of January, 1858, at which time the swards will take place. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. Every subscriber of three dollars is entitled to a copy of the 1 irge and splendid Steel Engraving, entitled "Manifest Destiny," also to a copy of the Cosmopolitan Art Journal one year, also to a Cer liikate In the award of premiums, also a f'ec d --roiseion to the DusselJort aud Cosmopolitan Gai leries. Thus it is seen that for every three dollars paid, the subscriber not only receives a splendid tbtse -dollarengraving, tint also toe beautiful illustrated two dollar Art Journal, on# year. Each subsettlxti is aiso pioscnted with a Certifi cate in the awards, by tvbich valuable work of Art, in Painting or Sculptuie, may be received in addition, tlins giving to every subscriber an equiva lent to the value of tlvc dollars, snd a Certificate gratis. Any one of the leading $3 Magazines is furnish ed, instead of the Engraving and Artclournal, if desired. No person is restricted to a single snare.— ( These taking five memberships, remitting sls, •Sj, —*"*>>■ -"S r nli particulars ol the Association are given in the Art Journal, which contains over sixty splen did Engravings, prico fifty cents per number.— Specimen copies tv II be sent to all person who de s;re to subscribo, on receipt of five postage stamps, (15 cents.) Address C. JJ. DERBY, Actuary C. A. A., 518 Btoadway, New York. VOtKDKT AND MA(IH>E SM>?> THE subscribers liavirg formed a partner ship under the sylo of "Dock & Ashcom" tor the purpose of conducting a general FOU.VDRT A\D MACHIAE business in the establishment recently erected ! by Gilliard Dock, in Hopewell, Bedford coun- ; tv, are now prepa-ed to execute orders for 1 CASTINGS AND MACHINERY of every de-I rcriplion. They will build to order ateam-#n- 1 gines, coal and drift-cars, horse powers and I threshing machines—also, casting of every j kind for furnaces, forges, saw, grist and rolling ■ mills, ploughs, water-pipe, columns, house fronts, brackets, he., &e. They arc also, now making a flue assortment j of STOVES of various kinds of the latest pat terns and most approved styles, including sev eral sizes of COOK STOVES of the best make, heating stoves for churches, offices, bar rooms, &c. A lull assortment of Stores will bo kept constantly on hand, and acid at wholesale and retail, at prices to suit the times, and quality, j warranted equal to the best eastern make.— ■ Machinery of all kinds repaired promptly.— . I'atterns made to order. GILLIARD DOCK, G. W. ASHCOM. i Nov. 0, 1857, ~m FILL GOODS. THE subscribers have just opened a Urge assort ! mcnt of FALL and WINTER GOODS, all oft which will bo offered at prices to suit the times.— j We respectfully invite cash and prompt six month ; cus'outcra to call aud examine our stock, assuring them that we shall offer greater Inducements than ; ever heretofore. Country Produce ofall kinds wanted, for which,, we will pay the highest priee. A. B. CRAMER & CO Oct. 16. 1857. Chairs and Cabinet Furniture. THE subscriber has removed to the shop on West Pitt Street, recently occupied by Wirt. ; Kitchey as a Machino shop, where he continues i to make to order and keep on hand a genera! assortment of chairs and Cabinot furniture, con sisting iu part of Spring Seat Parlor Chairs, French Rocking Chairs, Cane seat an 1 Wind sor, Sofas, L#nnges, Ottomans, What-Nots, Mu sic Stands, Fancy Parlor Tables, Breakfast, Din- j ner, and Extension Tables, Bedsteads, Bureaus, j Wardrobes, Stc. Suits of cottage-furniture at very j moderate prices, so that it is within the reach of! all to hve nice, good and fashionable furniture, j The Ladies are particularly invited to call and examine for themselves, as it wiil be ray de6i.e to j please all tastes. N. B. Coffins will be made on the shortest notice for any who will favor bim with a call. Juue 12, 18)7. ISAAC MKNGKL, Jr. 39118 IS. ALLE.T K CO. SOS. 'J <5" I CHESTNUT Street, (south side, btlov Water,) PHILADELPHIA, (Thk titnisT WooD-w.vit Housr, is ml CITT.) MANUFACTURERS and whot#*#!* deal ers in Patent Medicine, mads RHOOMS. Patent Graved CEDAR-WARE, Her raided not to shrink, WOOD a*i WILLOW-WARE, CORDS, liRUSIIES, Ac., of all descriptions. Pleas s call and examine our stock. Feb. 27, 1857.-zz. NOTICE" ~ ALL persons are hereby notified that my wife, Sophia O'Neal, lias left my house, with out any just cause, and that I am determined not to pay any debts sho may contract, and 1 j hereby waru all pet son* not to trust her on ray account. JAMES O'NEAL. IYst Provid#oco T|*., Nov. 20, 1857. WE CALL THE ATTENTION OF ALL, old uiid young, to this wonderful props, ration, which turns back to its original color, gray hair—covers the bead of the bald with a luxuriant growth—removes the dandruff, itch ing, and all cutaneous interiors— causes a con tinual flow of tho natural fluids;- and. hence, if used us a regular dressing for the hair, will pre serve its color, and keen it turn failing to ex treme old age. in ail its natural beauty. We call, then upon the bald, the gray, or diseased in scalp,- ;1 feariul and untold s mount of agony miflt be saved." One of our prominent bankers says, "Five or six years since 1 found myself running down with a fiver- difficulty; resoiriug to your Invig orator, was greatly relieved, ar.d, continuing for a season, Was entirely restored." A clergyman called at our office the other day and said lie had given a poor woman a bot tle, w.io was suffering very eadly from Liver Complaint, and befuru she had taken the whole of ;t she was at work earning bread lor her fam ily- A gentleman, recently from the West, says, while at Chicago, he was attacked with a slew, lingering fevjr. that battled the skill pot' pbysi ciaur, but the luvigornot cured him in a lew days. One of our city ruercirants sard, while or. a visit to Troy, a lew da 3 ssince, iio was attacked with bowel and stomach disorders, so as to con flue him to his room, ho sent to the drug storo for u bottle of Invigorator, took one dose, which relieved him so that he was able to attend hit business. An acquaintance, whore business compels him to write iu - Ott.,'Bri 1857.' ' | Basin's and Lubta'B Extracts Ibr tho llandker cliiof, Cologne Water, &c., at lh. llW} *•