gd USE ANDFARM. Tborongh-bred Stoclt. The idea is prevalent among a certain class of Urmers that it will t nay to purchase thorough-bred stock, for the reason that the value 0 t such stock being far above that 0 f common animals, there is no ade- Qoate profit in the investment There are two serious mistakes made •„ this view; The one is. ID W***'© v - • ”la a ■ that the cost of thorough-bred stock i 3 excessive, and that an immense profit is made by the breeders gelling animals at exorbitant prices; the other is that it does not pay to im ove common stock by crossing pure bred stock upon them, and that unless there i» large capital available, with fine stables and cost lv attendance, the condition of these Animals so deteriorates that they no longer posaeis any superiority over any s other stock. Now, while year by* year the value of the choicest specimens of the favorite breeds, either of horses, cattle, sheep, or swine, gradually increases, on the other band, fair average animals, in which the blood of the choicest is intermingled, are gradually decreas ing in price. The great demand for ; th; best of everything now existing, 1 and the competition of a largely-in-, creased number of breeders desiring | to purchase the best, and to cause , their increasing price*, but the very j game increased number of breeders j who have stock to dispose of tends ! to operate in the contrary direction with the average class of stock. It is now possible to purchase full blood stock of good strains for very reasonable prices—not more than twice or thrice those asked for good native stock. We constantly see reports of sales of bulls and cows of Jersey, Ayshire, Devon, or short horned breeds at from $lOO to $5OO. These prices are certainly within the means of a vast majority of farmers. If not, now is the time, when cooperation and combination is the fashion, to make this business one of those to be brought under the influence of joint effort. As to the second mistake made it is only necessary to point out the money value of thd product of thorough bred stock to show that the invest vsi'mt is a profitable one. In addition it might be shown that the profit is not confined to the thorough-bred alone, but that the first cross par takes so much of the better quali ties of its high-bred parent that the advantage Is immense, even at so early a period of improvement. Dairy stock Jersey or Ayrsire will produce double the amount that an average native dairy will, or can. - In a dairy of twenly tue cows, one pure-bred bull, at a cost of §5OO, will produce twenty five heifer calves every two years. The value ot these calves is doubled from the moment of their birth on account of their parentage. When weaned the owner would rarely ac cept §2O each for them. The $5OO then, returns twenty-five per cent, each year in this way alone. But it these calves are raised until they come into‘profit, their product as cows will doubtless be double that ot their dams on the whole. Then, twenty-five cows each year produc ing a clear profit of $5O each, in stead of §25, as heretofore,, (a low estimate,) a difference of $625 year ly is '•hownto the credit of the in vestment. In beef stock a larger than this even can be shown, f ! not only is a greater amount of produced for the same quantity ot tied consumed, but the market price of a grade steer is higher for tno whole weight of the animal than tl tt of a native. Generally the Iwnetk accruing is equal to a re t ini of the value of a pure-bred u i in the third year, and every o a Iter ward, on the beef sold, in s i dition to the increased value of fie heifers as breeding stock. The SUUK ‘ is true ot sheep, hogs, and Poultry, and were our young stock ll!U ' improved each year to come, far as might be possible, undoubt e'i y the census of 1880 would show foe value of our live stock to be d'nble at least that of the stock enumerated in the previous one ot I'T Ii you wish to add to the wealth your town never buy anything abroad that can be purchased at ho:rie. J I The census shows that the aver* age theslJmted States was reduced 23 percent trom 1860 to 1870, yet in Illinois and In- diana they increased in size from 195 to 302 in 1870—or 108 pier cent. The proper management of these great estates requires that they should do nearly all the work by machinery, employing as few men and horses as. possible. The small farmer, near by, produces bis crop at a greater proportional cost, fails to compete, and sooner or later sells out to his rich neighbor. This gives rise to what isphere denominated “land monopoly,” and in the farmer’s granges this has al- ready created two parties or fac tions —cme coinposed of those ov*b ing a thousand acres and over* the other of average sized farmers* They are divided in interest, and the small farmer has the sympathy of the community, inasmuch as be directly aids business all about him, by employing help, patronizing stores, and iu effect exchanging products for goods. The larger producers occasionally hold their products for a rise, make corners in wheat, corn, etc., and control the market as far as their foreign cus tomers will permit them. The more democratic, poorer but more numer ous elements, are already suggesting inquiries in their respective organi zations, as tp the effect of immense farms on the markets, and whether the Western tendency to land mo nopoly is beneficial to the general agricultural interest. The investi gation will doubtless show ’that one monopoly Is not materially different from another in its effect upon the masses of the people, and the busi ness and political interests of the country; and the natural result will be .a . weeding of the granges. In the East, owing not alone to our thickly settled population, but to our varied industries, to. manufacto ries, workshops, and countless indi vidual enterprises, the general tend ency is toward small farms—such as cau be used conveniently and profit ably to supply existing home mark ets, so far as the law|of supply and demand will permit them; and their position is better, more useful, more permanently prosperous, all round, than if each and all of them had the control of thousands of acres. The large land owners of Great Britain produced a system of tenantry which has entailed misery and pov erty for generations. The small farms of New England and the Middle States have given incentive to growth and enterprise, and social and political happiness, never before equaled in the history of any land. —Berks and Schuylkill Journal.' Wool Trade. A correspondent inquires whether he had better sell his wool v now or wait for an advance. Our reply is that we do not assume to give ad vice in any specific instances, but we endeavor to present general prin ciples which should actuate business men, and leave each to apply them in particular cases modified as circum stances require. Some two months we reviewed the condition and O prospects of the wool trade, and have since then seen no cause to change the conclusion then reached, except, perhaps, as .regards the long staple and higher grades of wool. The indications are th&t our do mestic clip is larger than last year, and it comes upon a market already pretty well supplied with the coars er and lower grades of wool and woolen fabrics, so that the demand for this class of wool is not likely to be large enough to exhaust the supply, especialy as California and Texas are furnishing an increased quantity, and there is considerable foreign wool of this quality arriving and to arrive. The indications are that there will be no improvement in prices which will pay tor the shrinkage and cost of carrying; in deed, we should not be surprised if this class of wool should sell at lower prices later in the season than now. As regards fine .strong wool with a long staple, however, the case is different. There appears to be no surplus of the fabrics made - fiom this wool upon the market at jprea* eat, and the demand for th# fine domestic goods increases : every yeiar, as manufacturers improve in THE RADICAL : FRIDAY, AUGUST 8,1813. Large and Small Farm*. their abilities to torn out qualities whichkell in Successful competition making foreign goods has mate rially Increased in New England* France, • and Germany? since the war, with the in creased cost of coal and labor In these countries, and this gives onr home millsanadvantage which they have never possessed and encourages them to Improve the quality of their goods, and to use better material * The chances are that for the better grades of wool there will be a ateady demand daring the whole season. There has, however, been an increase in the production of ibis class of wool daring the last few years, and It Is not improbable that the supply will be found adequate to the wants , of manufacturers. The Eastern deal ers evidently think that this is the fact, for they assert that the prices current in the West are higher than the circumstances warrant. How ever this may be, we do not think that there is any probability of a scarcity which will cause a sufficient advance on mixed lots of wool, such as the average clip of a farmer, that would justify us in advising him to take the risk of the market and the coat of shrinkage and carrying. The mills have been' buying wool freely, and when they are filled up there will probably be a dull io th. , market, which will make holders wish they had realized earlier in the season. The old rule is a good one that when ever the farmer can realize a fair remuneration upon the cost of pro duction, it is time for him to sell, tfhe cannot obtain above cost price and is able to hold, he may be sure that the market will eventually turn in his favor, but it sometimes takes a year or two to bring this about, and there is considerable risk assumed meanwhile.—Cincin nati Price Currant . Changing Pasta re. A correspondent of the Weekly World asks farmers to give their experience as to the advantages Cf changing cows from one pasture tOj another during the grazing season;; that is, is it better for the pasture to be in one field or in two or three, 1 so that there may be periodical changes into fresh feed. This mat ter deserves the attention of gra ziers, and some with extended ex perience have emphatic opinions relative to the matter, that it is far better that there be no change, care being taken not to over stock (he pastures, and to provide soiling material (sowed corn, rye or oats) with which to supplement the graz ing in case of drontb or the falling off of grass supply from any cause. On the other hand, others deem change essential, care being taken that it be at regular intervals and at such intervals as not to allow too rank a growth in the fresh pasture, thereby deranging the appetite and stomachs of the animals. Others think that all the change needed— and the wisest one to make—is from the pasture in which the cows have foraged daring the day to' another at night after milking. How to Destroy the Caterpillar. The season for that dreadful pest, the orchard caterpillar, being at hand, and many farmers knowing of no cheap and easy metnod of their destruction, 1 offer the following plan, that I have used on a couple of orchards of several hundred trees, at comparatively no cost, and very light labor : Take a common water bucket full of water, make it very strong with common lye' and soft soap, that nearly every farmer has; then add a lamp of unpacked lime about as large as a hen’s egg, and your prep aration is complete, apply with a rag tied on a stick, or a pole long enough to reach all the webs in the tree. Swap the nest well and your work is completed; it is instant death to caterpillar that is wet with the mixture. One bucket of the mixture will destroy from one to three hundred nests, owing to the size and age. The Vermont Farmer says a jnan in Sheffield by the name of Hinhaao Frost has three cows that walk across a mad bole oo a peeled sorace log that lies over foar feet above the mad. : AND' ifo# PRINTING. ■■.... ... ; nod YER RADICAL! BE Grower press PRINTING OFFICE J ■ 1 j JOB JOB OFFICE IN BEAVES COUNTY. THE “RADICAL BUILDING,” BIAYEE,PA. The proprietor has fitted op BEOABDLISSS OF COST PRINTING E3IABLISBMENT ■ TWO POWER PRINTING PRESSES V 5. ' .4' O And la prepared to do all kinds of printing 22f THE BEST STYLE OF THE ART at good and at as Low Prices As can bfl obtained at Pittsburgh or elsewhere PROFESSIONAL CARDS, BUSINESS CARD§, CIRCULARS, BILL HEADS, LETTER HEADS, Executed on the shortest notice THE BEAVER RADICAL EVERY FRIDAY MORNING, 12.00 PER ANNUM, IN ADVANCE. GIVE US A CALL, CORNER NINTH ft CHESTNUT STREETS PHILADELPHIA, H W. KANAGA, decir«B:ly Pronneto*. 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In a safe and RELIABLE HOME COMPANY. thereby avoiding the expense, trouble and delay incident to the adjustment of losses by companies located at a distance. M. S. Quay, Samuel B. Wilson, William Kennedy, J. Wack, M. Camp, Jr., David Lowry, Q.IYEN AWAY. A FINEGERMAN CHROMO. WE SEND AX ELEGANT CHKOMO. MOUNTED AND BEAD* FOB FBAMINO, FBEE TO EVEBV AOEXT FOB /UNDERGROUND BELOW T’HE SURFACE, BY THOS. W. KNOX. 942 Pages Octavo. 130 Fine Engravings Relates Incidents and Accidents beyond the Light of day i Startling Adventures in all parts of the World.; Mines and Mode of Working them; Undercurrents of Society, Gambling and its Hor rors ; Caverns and their Mysteries; The Dark Ways of Wickedness; Prisons and their Secrets; Down in the Depths of the Sea; Strange Stories of the Detection of Crime. The book treats of experience with brigands; nights in opium dens and gambling bells; life in prison; Stories of exiles; adventures among ln . dians; Journeys through Sewers and Catacombs ; accidents in mines; pirates and piracy; tortures of the inquisition: wonderful burglaries; underworld of the great cities, etc;, etc. AGENTS WANTED ' for this work. Exclusive teritory given. Agents can make $lOO a week in selling this book. Send or Circulars and terms to agents. J.B. BURR* HYDE, Hartford. Conn., Chicago or. 111. NOTES. TAGS, &C., &C., JgOOK AGENTS f APPLY AT ONCE FOK TERRITORY. ATRACTiCAL GUIDE TO BUSINESS, Being a Handbook lor the American Farmer, Mer chant, Mechanic, Investor, and all concerned in EARNING OR SAVING MONEY. , WITH NUMEROUS ILLUSTRATIONS. indorsed and commended by leading commercial Journals and prominent finan ciers as the best arranged, moat comprehensive, practical and clearly written book on business and its successful management now before the public, BROWN & HOLDOWAY, Publishers, Nos 6 & 8 Sixth St., near Suspension Bridge, Jel3-4t PITTSBURGH* PA. BOABD or DIBBCTOK3 : George C. Speyerer, Lewis Schneider, John Qrabing. J. 8. Srodes, C. B. Hurst, Henry Goehring. GEO. C. SPEYBRER, Pres’t, M. 8 QUAY, Vice Pres’t H. J. Spbtbbbb, Trees. John Grading. Jb., Sec’y. ANTED TO BORROW. The Beaver County Agricultural Society wants to borrow Three Thousand Dollars, for a period of from two to three years; secured by bond and mortgage. Please address either of the undersigned. wm. a. Cairo, a. a. cooper, Bsivsa, Pa. 27-2 W | 9** BRADBURY PIANO FORTES. ESTABLISHED IN 1854. OYER 10,000 MANUFACTURED. NO BETTEB INSTBOMENT tN THE MABHMF. NATIONAL PIANO of the COUNTRY. Mrs. U.S. Grant rises in her family the Bmtf barv sad says; "I am perfectly delighted with ft.” /Theodore Tilton says: ”1 have bad the beauti ful Piano so long that now to ask me bow I like it is like ashing me how I like one of my children. In &ct if you were to ask the children I'm afraid they would say they liked it almost as we 11 as they like me. It speaks every day the year round ana never looses its voice. I wish Us owner could do half so well.” LETTER PROM BISHOP SIMPSON. PaiLanxLPßia, April iff, 1868. T. O. Surra & Co.—Gent*—Having need one of your Bradbury Pianos, It baa given great satisfac tion to my/femily and to many visitors who have heard its sweet tones at my house. It is a very superior instrument, both in finish and power. I heartily wish yon success as successor to the late Wm. B. Bradbury, in continuing the manufacture of bis justly celebrated Pianos. Yours truly, J M. SIMPSON- Chiei Justice Salmon P. Chase. Washington D. U., Decides the Bradbury to ho the National Plano of the country. Vice Admiral D. D. Porter, Washington D. C., “The Bradbury is exquisitely sad beautifully proportioned. We are delighted with oars. ” Hon. Colambas Delano, Secretary of the Interior, Washington, D. C., calls the Bradbury the Pihao for the Interior. P. M. General Cresswell and Mrs. Cresewel!.— ‘•All oar friends admire the delightful tones o the Bradbury, used at oar receptions.” Robert'Bonner, Mew York Ledger—“At any time will drop the lines of 'Dexter, to listen to the tones of the Bradbury." Grand Central Hotel, New York—“ln preference to all others, we selected the Bradbury Piano* for our parlors. Oar gaests pronounce them, splendid. St. Nicholas Hotel, New York.—“ Have always used the Bradbury Pianos in our parlors, sndtaks pleasure in recommending them.” Hon. John Simpson, M. P.. Canada, says: “Ttie Bradbury can't be excelled. The best in the Dominion." M. Simpson, Bishop M. B. Church. Philadelphia. “We know of no better Plano than the Brad' bury." E. 8. Janes, Bishop H. E. Church, N. Y.-*“Wc know of no better Plano than the Bradbary.” Rev. Dr. John McCUnton, Drew Theological Sem inary—“My family and friends say the Bradbary is unequalled.” T. 8. Arthur, Philadelphia—“We have used for years, and can recommend the Bradbary Piano.'* Philip Philips, New York, says, “1 have song with and aaed the Bradbary Plano in my family for years.” W. G. Fischer, Profeesotmf Music, Girard College, Philadelphia. “I use as my lamily Piano, the Bradbury, and can with confidence recommend them.” Rev. Daniel Curry, Editor Christian Advocate: “! purchased a Bradbary Piano, and it is a splendid instrument in every respect. ” Theodore Tilton, Editor Independent: “If yon were to ask my children, I am afraid they wouM say they liked oar Bradbary almost as wel I a» they like me.” Dr. Daniel Wise. Editor Sunday School Advocate. “I use the Bradbary Piano, and think, like hi* music It cannot be excelled.” Rev. Dr. Ferris, Net# York. “My Bradbury has stood longer in tope, 1 and sounds better than any Piano in my Dl'etrict.” Rev. Dr. Fields, Editor of the Evangelist, “I have used a Bradbary for years in my family, and think there is none superior.” Sands Street Church Brooklyn, St. Lake’s M. B. Church, and a host of other churches use the Bradbury Piano in their Lecture and School Rooms, also the Conservatories and prominent Hotels in the United States. John Caughey, Beaver Pa., purchased from me three years ago a No. 6 Bradbary. and says: “There is no better, or sweeter toned, or more desirable Piano, according to my judgment and experience, than my Piano. It has given entire satisfaction, and grows better as it becomes older." - Wm. McCoy, of Beaver, Pa., in tne spring of 1871, bought from me a No. 8 Bradbary, which ha* proven to be a superior instrument in evec r re spect. . Miss Mary McGafflck also owns and uses a Brad bury. BRADBURY aag2-ly WHOLESALE PRICES From $3O to sloocheaperthan elsewhere. Will order them DIRECT FROM TBE MANUFACTORY, WARRANTED FOR FIVE YEARS. , A $O3O PIANO FOR $4OO. OE&ANS BELOW PITTSBURGH PRICES. PIANOS OP OTHER MANUFACTURERS- LOWEST RATES TBS BBADBUBY THE * READ THE PACTS. I WILL SELL THE AT NEARLY NEW YORK OF THE BEST CLASS Ordered at the lowest rates WILL SELL AT THE Call before purchasing and see SMITH CURTIS, Agent. Racioa 0 mss, Bearn: «f