BO USE AND FAR M. l *
The Vegetable Garden.
Though ranch has been said ahd,
written°on this subject, yet compar
itively few peop% attach to it the
importance which it deserves. No
small part of the support of a farai-
I, ca n be found in a well cared for
vegetable garden. We have notic
ed many gardens, in both city and
country going wild,but which would,
if properly cultivated, supply more
vegetables, of good quality, than
their owners could use all the year
onnd. For the few who care for
[ he ir hardens well, there are many
vho go to work so thoughtlessly,
and so slovenly, and with so little
geD se about a proper application of
labor that they may well decide that
u is cheaper to buy their vegetables
in market. Even farmers, as a class,
are negligent of their vegetable gar
dens. Some seem to think such
wardens unworthy of their atten
tion, and others look on the little
WO rk which they call for as disturb
ing the work of the farm. Now let
an v one take the trouble to think
how small a spot of land well tilled,
W UI grow more vegetables than a
family can use, how important it is
to have a lull and varied supply of
t he choicest kinds each day in the
and as we have already said,
much of the healthful support
of a family such a garden will af
ford; and the intelligent farmer
will not, after all, look on it as the
least unfruitful portion ot his acres.
Even when the tarm is snow cov
ered and frost bound, he may find
in his well stored cellar and fruit
rooms enough of all the products of
his garden, many of which may be
kept the greater part of the year by
stmply protecting them from frost,
while others of the more delicate
kinds may be canned and kept al
most as fresh as when they ripened
on their parent plants. Who that
lives in the country ought not to
feel ashamed to be without a fine
garden full of the fruits of the soil ?
The care of such a garden would
tend to profit as as hfmlth, and
many an hour which might other
wise be wasted, or worse employed,
mbe well spent in the vegetable
g'irdvw.- — Psn and Plow ,
Potatoes for Seed.
The following are the ideas of an
old tanner in Maine, on seed pota
toes 1 , as given in the Lewiston Jour
nal : “We use too ripe seed when
we propagate from tubers that have
lain in the ground till dead ripe.
Plants that are propagated by tub
ers require different treatment than
those propagated by seeds. Our
corn and grains that we use for seed
w,c like to have stand a little longer
than the main crop, and become per
fectly matured. On the same princP
pie our corn is selected from the rip
est, best developed ears and kernels.
Pul potatoes for seed should be dug
and placed in a cool, dark cellar,
just as soon as a majority of them
will slightly crack open in boiling.
This is most invariably while the
tq s are yet green and growing
fi'* The tubers are then in their
nv st vigorous state. Disconnect
t-em from the parent stalk at that
tune and they retain their vigor.
Instead of deteriorating, as most
all of us know the older sorts have,
their vitality is increased, and they
yield better, with less tendency to
r °t- As long ago as 1815, and sub
o o 3
S'quently, observation led him to
nuke some experements to test the
"rv, and be finds it the proper
c “ ,, ‘ r 'o to pursue. It is not often
?: ‘il that the late planted potatoes
a;,- better for seed than those plant
(l oariv. The lateness of their
j'l:ir.ting, presumedly, prevents per-
L‘ ( -t ripening, hence the principle of
tiu- anove reason in" would be in
f ■ I C
Sod as a Fertilizer.
Liming the past year I made a
l imited experiment in the use of
sod as a fertilizer. It was de
*l!(al to plant a piece of worn out
""'I 'a cabbage. Home made ma-
I:,|rt ‘ ' v:is exhausted, and it was
ul wliether commercial fertil-
rs would pay on land so utterly
-htute of humus and all other
{ "»onaeoous matter. Farrows were
I'F'-nt-d four feet apart with a one
' ’ "e tarn-plough, which was run
-Mce each way, openin'" to a depth
* lf l idth of about ten inches. The
wore resorted to for wild
o which were taken up
furrows, and of such length as the
sod would allow. These were turn
ed bottom upward in the furrows,
which were then filled full of loose
earth with a hpe. .After the first
rain the plants, which were of good
size, were dippled into the loose
earth, the roots reaching down gen
erallyto the sod. The plants gained
a rapid growth within a few. days,
and the result-, was such a crop of
cabbages as I have never seen pro
duced except in soil in a high state
of fertility previously, or made So
for the special crop by a very liber
al application of fertilizers. The
sod was a source of both moisture
fertility, and maintained a thrifti
ness in the plants during a drouth,
which seriously affected adjoining'
crobs.— Plantation.
most Batter From Shallow Pans.
I have.been reading reports of fac
tory men for a considerable time,
and have heard it asserted frequent
ly that as much butter catf be ob
tained from a stated quantity of
milk set deep as shallow, fynt I did
not accept their evidence as conclu
sive. In the early part of last win
ter I set 2 inches one week and 5 the
next, and made a pound of butter
from 17 to 18 pounds of milk with
the shallow setting, and from 19 to
20 pounds of milk from the deep
setting. I did not, however, con
sider those trials a conclusive test,
so during the winter just ended I
took a single milking ot 124 lbs.,
put it all in cans together and mix
ed thoroughly; set 62 pounds 2 in
ches deep, and 62 pounds 5 inches
deep, skimmed after 36 hours, churn
ed lot separate, and the result
was I got 3 pounds and 5 ounces
from the 2 inch setting and 2 lbs.
and 1 ounce from the 5 inch setting,
which would make one pound in fa
vor of shallow setting each day
while I had that amount of milk.
The milk was kept at the same alti
tude, setting side by side, so that
each had the same usage from the
time it was drawn from the cow un
til the butter was weighed. This
experiment I consider as near a fair
test as any I could make, and it sat
isfied me there is an advantage in
shallow setting. 1
A Larse Poultry Farm. 1
We learn from a correspondent
that Mr. Briggs, of Wyandotte,
Kansas, has inaugurated a poultry
farm near that place on a large
scale, as an experimental poultry
farm. He has set apart twenty
acres for that purpose. He plants
sunflowers two by three feet apart,
which makes excellent shade tor
fowls in the summer* and the seed
is the best of feed in the fall and
winter for fattening purposes. He
says its broad spongy foliage is one
of the best neutralizers cf miasma in
the vegetable kingdom. We hope
to hear more of the workings of this
poultry farm in due course of time,
and shall give such facts relative
thereto as we may he able to gather,
for the benefit of our readers. Such
an undertaking in this country will
be looked forward to with a great
deal of interest. We have no doubt
in our own mind but that poultry
can be raised on a large scale, and
with much profit in this country, as
well as any other, and with equal
Of course any one enter
ing into the business must give it
proper care and attention, and use
caution and judgment in making his
selections of fowls for eggs and mar
ket purposes. We read an account
of a large poultry and egg establish
ment, some time since, located in
Chenango county, N. \. Can any
one give ns the facts and. figures
about it. —Rural Home.
success.
Cucumbers.
Whereever we go we see the cu
cumber injhe open air suffered to
nin on the ground. This is no
doubt a relic of European culture.
There it is necessary. The climate
is not hot enough, and the plants
have to be started, if not grown al
together, in low, fiat grass frames.
But where the cucumber grows
wild, it spreads over bushes and
trees, and the growth and product
are enormous. All plants with ten
drils prefer to ramble in this way.
*The grape vine, it is known,
seems fairly to rejoice when it can
find a large mass of twiggy brush
to ramble over as it wills, and so
does the cucumber. No one who
has not tried can have any idea of
THE RADICAL: FRIDAY, JUNE 6, 1873.
when trained to a stake whlch ’ has~j
a set of stubby side branches left
along its length. A great Advance
ih the style,of culture is that the
plants occupy far ISss 'ground than
when permitted to spread over the,
surface in the usual way. This is a
great gain to smaU "gardens—and to
large ones, for that matter, for if
we have land enough and to spare,
few of ns have time to waste ih pre
paring more of it than is necessary,
to the perfection of a crop.—Gar
dener's Monthly.
V. f
Unripe Seeds.
A correspondent of the German
town Teiegtaphy Wtitmg from lowa,
says : About the year 1838 an
Englishman, a doctor and a scien
tific man, came ourfrom Boston and
settled in this country, and went to
farming, of which he knew nothing
but from books and observation.
He was soon a good corn raiser,
then, as li'ow, the staple crop of
this, part of the world. He never
planted before the I Oth of June.
While his neighbors were planting
and replanting,- and fighting and
worrying with worms, mice and
birds, he was looking on and wait
ing his' time.. He ploughed his
ground; just b"slore the planting,
when the weeds all bad a good
start; this made the ground clean
and in good order, the weeds being
so well shbdued that. they were of
very little trouble in after culture ;
the cutworms were gone, the birds
were living on insects, and replant
ing was unnecessary; his corn had
no enimies, so that he never missed
getting a fair crop.
But this was not all his theory—
unripe seed; he contended, enabled
him to carry out the other par|tof
his system. He always gathered
the seed While “in the milk,” and
hung it up to dry; when dry it re
sembled the common sweet table
corn. This early gathering, he
contended, gave the seed greater
vitality, and enabled the crop to
grow and mature in a shorter time
than if left on the stalk until fully
ripe; and from bis success so it ap
peared.
You may wonder why his neighbors
did not fall into this system of plant
ing. I have wondered so too.
There seemed to be a general fear
of failure; most people thought he
was running down the size of his
corn ; but he did not, for he adhered
to the system as long as he lived
here, some twelve or thirteen years.
| There is an art in saving seeds,
I particularly in that of corn. I
thought I would be more wise than
( °
i the doctor, and went through the
corn when ripe, selecting the larg
est and best ears. This course I
pursued for fourteen or fifteen years,
i with the same variety of corn ; but
every year it gave less satisfaction,
as a rule, there being a few excep
tions, finally, the last year it had so
far degenerated that at least one
third of the stalks had no corn on
them. By this method of saving
the seed, the corn was running to
stalk to the neglect of the ear.
Now, in gathering seeds of any
kind I reject the undsrgrown and
! overgrown, whether of corn, potc
! toes, wheat, or anything else, and
I seek for the medium in size and well
' matured. In wheat and other small
| grains this mode is not so easily
i practiced, but it can be approximate
j ed by selecting patches of moderate
I but perfect growth.
The barct winter has hurt the
Texas cattle trade. S
Old 1 pastures maybe improved by
a good harrowing in the spring.
Over thirty agricultural papers
have been established at the i%>uth
since the wnr.
A French paper says that a small
quantity of spent tan bark put in
the “hill” prevents the potato di-
sease.
Three hundred million dollars is
the sura charged to insects injurious
to vegetation in this country annu
ally, by entomologists.
A new departure in horse shoeing
is to set the heel-cork of the fore
shoes lengthwise of the shoe instead
of sidewise, to prevent the horse
from slipping sidewise.
Somebody predicts that the sugar
maples of New England will be an
nihilated in fifty years, if they
continue to decrease at the present
rate.
LED O MUTUAL
i
LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY,
.t
TOLEDO, OHIO.
■i |
ORGANIZED IN APRIL, 18 73.
1 PAID CP CAPITAL
® 130,000.00.
BOARD OP DIRECTORS.
HON.W.W. JONES Hon. C. H. SCRIBNER,
Hon. C. A. KING, Hon. W. A. COLLINS
WM. BAKER,
5. H. BERGEN, C. H. COY,
6. L. LUCE. PERRY CRABBS,
J. R. SWIQART, ROBERT CUMMINGS,
JOHN CUMMINGS, L. T. THAYER,
FRED EATON, J. R. OSBORNE,
WAGER BWAYNB, CLARENCE MORRIS,
J. W. ROSS,
PELEG T. CLARKS, W. S. WAITE,
CHAS. COCHRAN.
OFFICERS.
S. H. BERGEN, President.
P. J. KING, Vice President.
CHARLES COCHRAN. Secretary.
J. F. ARIS, Assistant Secretary.
W. W. JONES, Medical Examiner.
WILLIAM BAKER, Attorney.
THE TOLEDO MUTUAL
WILL ISSUE ALL TUB
DIFFERENT KINDS OF POLICIES
USUALLY ISSUED BY
LIFE INSURANCE COMPANIES,
At the usual rates charged by other
Reliable Companies .
Those insured in this Company are permitted to
travel by, the nsnal routes, to or from any portion
of the Western Hemisphere, north of and Wind
ing the United States, or to or from any portion of
Europe, and to reside within said limits of travel,
without extra charge.
AN EXCELLENT FEATURE.
UPON SURRENDER OF AN
ORDINARY LIFE POLICY
At any time after the payment of one
ONE FULL ANNUAL PREMIUM ,
The holder of such policy w.L bo cuiitlod tojust
AS SIUCU PAID UP INSURANCE
As any other man of like age can
OBTAIN FOR A CASH PREMIUM
VALUE OF THE POLICY,
4
Computed in accordance with the rate of
MoHality and Interest
> hat may have been adopted as the standard
fathe Stute for the
VALUATION OF LIFE POLICIES
• )
F. J. KING,
E. W. B. KOCH,
Equal to the
w T Gt
“THE AMERI
.J % , /
: -TINS UR
First premiums wherever exhibited—Prices low
band Instruments
From Mr, Biward the celebrated FUxnist.
I conscientiously believe that your Plano is in
every respect a most magnificent instrument.
Respoiisitile Agents wanted
ADDRESS
WING & SON,
JQO NOT FAIL TO EXAMINE IT.
THE NEW WILSON
.
UNDER FEED SEWING MACHINE.
BEST IN THE WORLD
A SPECIAL WARRANTEE FOR FIVE YEARS
FURNISHED WITH EACH MACHINE,
MANUFACTURED
IN OPPOSITION
TO THE HIGH PRICED
SEWING MACHINE COMBINATION.
PRICE COMPLETE iso 00.
We take pleasure in showing it.
LEE JSf. SMITH ,
GENERAL AGENT.
NO. 11 SIXTH ST., (LATE ST, CLAIR,,)
PITTSBURGH, PA.
AGENTS WANTED IN THIS COUNTY,
Most Liberal Terms both In per cent and time.
novls 6m.
Stevenson & wittish’s land
office,
193, Penn at., (near St. Clair Hotel) Pittsburgh,
Pa., and Beaver Falls, Pa.
Explosive Agents for Allegheny, Beaver and
Lawrence counties of the lands of the A. T. & San
ta Fe R. R. ; (can give tickets at reduced rates to
go and see these lands;) also lands of Union Pa
cific and Iron Ml. & Ark. Railroads. Have over 60
farms for sale. Call at either office and examine
our register. We offer foreale the following prop
erties, etc.
A GOOD FARM.
Tim farm containss3 acres of first class soil;
mostly cleared ; With enough of good timber; sit
uated about four miles from New Brighton, on the
New Castle road, in North Sewickly twp . Beaver
county. Pa.; has a very good orchard, the farm is
in good repair; there is-
A NEW FRAME HOUSE OF SIX ROOMS,
well finished, and a large frame barn with other
outbuildings. Plenty of good water at the house;
running water on the place. Price $5,000 in pay
ments. Adam Kirk, Jr., owner.
NO. 70.
A GOOD DAIRY. STOCK OR GRAIN FARM
In Big Beaver township, Beaver county. Pa., con
taining about 140 acres —of which 130 acres mo
cleared, 35 acres jflrst bottom land : 20 acres in oak
timber; balance ot cleared land ; gently rolling ;
all under fence, on the P. Ft. W. &G. Railroad ;
building on a gopd township road one-half mile
from Homewood station ; soil is first class and all
can be worked by machinery. Improvements, one
newly weather-boarded log house of 5 rooms, two
stories high, veranda and frame kitchen, with
pleasant surroundings, one new two-story frame
house of 4 rooms, portico in front: a good cellar :
spring o< water and well close to house : one new
bank' bam, with stone foundation, 40x60, with
plenty of stabling for horses and tows; corn crib,
smoke house, and all usual outbuildings: a first
rate orchard of various kinds of fruit trees in good
bearing condition, and a young orchard. This place
is in a very pleasant part of the county, with eve
ry surrounding object to make it agreeable and at
tractive, and is a first-class farm in a good neigh
borhood, c'ose to schools, churches..post-offlce and
station—will subdivide this tract if desired by the
purchaser, for sale. Price. $BO per acre, in pay
ments. George E. McCready, owner.
NO. 73.
A SPLENDID GARDEN OR DAIRY FARM,
containing about 107 acres, of which 82 acres arc
cleared and under a high state ot cultivation, well
fenced, mostly post and rail, and in splendid order;
ten springs oh the place, two orchards containing
225 apple and 100 peach trees, bearing and in good
condition; about 27 acres of the best qua'ity of
timber; a good frame bam 50x311 feet, with stabling
underneath: a new flame stable 1(1x30; a new corn
crib, a good frame house of four rooms and cellar,
a good milk house, an excellent enclosed garden
patch; plenty of small fruit such as cherries, plums,
quinces, grapes. &c. Near to a new school house.
I|,J miles from Industry on the C. & P. Railroad,
good roads to station. The soi I is good and the
(arm is well adapted to dairy or stock purposes,
and is considered one of the best. Price 80 per
acre, in payments. Benjamin Todd, Owner.
maylC-ly
ANTED.
We will give men and women
BUSINESS THAT WILL PAY
from $4 to $8 per day; can be pursued in your own
neighborhood; it is a rare chance for those ont of
employment or having leisure time ; girls and
boys frequently do as well as men. Particulars
free.
Address J. LATHAM & CO.,
902 Washington Bt, Boston, Muss.
mar7-Ct
NO. 30
GAN
PAS9ED-
.for the vitality. . Large prices allowed for Second*
In Exchange.
From the Independent.
The American Piano has deservedly become A
popular Instrument.
for loccnpiei territory.
417 Broome St., N. Y.
PimUanrou;?.
5 cw
.5 OK .
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FOUNDRY
REPAIR SHOP!
JOHN THORNILEY, PROPRIETOR.
STOVES,
GREA T REPUBLIC r
THE BEST
COOKING STOVE IN USE,
EXTENSION TOP,
STANDS UNRIVALLED
1,000 NAMES ATTEST ITS MERITS.
thorniLey’s
NEW AD JUSTICE GRATE
Throws oar more heat with less fuel aad less dust
than any other,
ENGINES AND CASTINGS
OF ALL KINDS MADE TO ORDER
REASONABLE RATES TO ALL.
angltt-ly
O. L. EBEUHAP.T. _W. L. BEDISON
yY WORD WITH YOU!
| To Buy Property,
i To Sell Properly,
1 Yonr House Insured.
I Your Goods Insured. v
l Your Life Insured,
If Yon Want; To Insure Against Accidents
! To Lease Your House,
| To Hire a House,
1 To Buy a Farm,
, To Sell a Farm.
I Any Legal Writing Done,
Do not fail to call at the office of
EBERHART & BEDISON,
GENERAL INSURANCE AGENTS AND
REAL ESTATE BROKERS,
No. 223 BROADWAY, NEW BRIGHTON.
sepfi"-ly Beaver County, Pa.
STORE,
JOELS. GO E & C
Manufacturers and wholesale and retail denljia in
SADDLES, HARNESS, TRUNKS, VALISES &
TRAVELIEG BAGS.
No 60 Pedera St., Allegheny City, Pi.
Ail orders promptly filled and work warranted.
mayl6-im.
o,”
[ja3l-6m
"* ifco
* > S«
-T 2 s ©
■ CD «J
AND
WITH THE
JOHN THORNLLEY.
7