ißi* itV t X filitftifitl published evebyfbiday. AyryyMiy APVAycB. -^r==== VOLUME Y. jhc leaver itxdiral. T ;,., published every Friday morning t . .- aL . (Allowingrates: Yea repayable in advance,) ‘ tk fcfc Sis Months. X Thp.ss SISSLS COPIES Papers discontinued to subscribers at the expire - o' their terms of subscription at the option of taeV'oiisher. unless otherwise agreed upon. Professional or Business Cards, not exceeding 10 of this type, *S.«O per annum. * X -ivertisements of 10 lines or less, fl,oo for one - ou. and j cents per line for each additional ‘■‘a advertise munis. whether of displayed or blank 4 ' measured by lines of this type. Advertisements by the month, quarter or year ve d. and liberal deductions made in proportion o -u’th of advertisement and length of lime ol Notices inserted among loca. Items at 10 cea'- ?--“t 'inefor each insertion, unless otherwise u;mn by the month, quarter or year. 'A.i-.-ertisemeats of 5 lines or less, 50cents forone and 5 cents per line for each additional lUs'-'l* *''u Jla-r.aue or Death announcements published free ofccirue. Obituary notices charged as advertise jm-a-s, and payable in advance. Lo:a’. new# and matters of general interest com min-rated bv any correspondent, with real name to the publisher, will be thankfully re c.. ved. Local news solicited from every part ol ihe scounty. '■ p- 1. , a*ion oiHfe ■ In Thb -Radical Building Corner Diamond, Beaver, Pa. A communications and business letters should V to SMITH CURTIS, Beaver, Pa. FROM NEBRASKA. Farmers Valley Neb , ) May 10, 1873. j s n j eastern pe'pie are thoroughly ia:-irn i (and the farther east the more umghly,) about .Nebraska. They kn wto the fraction of an inch the d-pthof the soil in each country, from the Missouri to its Western boundary. They know much more about the failure of crops from severe droughts than we do. They are much better acquainted with the climate during the winter months thin are our oldest inhabitants. They to perfectly acquainted with numerous defects and disadvantages to which our settlers are entireu 'Strangeca, are not surprised to hear of eastern people becoming so well posted about our State, when their means of information are so extensive. They don’t read papers pub lished anywhere in the State. They never examine the agricultural reports, or land o)mmlssioaer’s statistics. But if they happen to live in a small |own, or on a main traveled road, come iSi almost daily contact with men that have been to, and through Nebraska for three months or so, and they charge nothing to tell the n all they know Nebraska which is all that can be known, for it is a remarkable characteristic of. all those homesick’ adventurers that* they have traveled through every country in the State that a man could mention, and al most universally report it a barren for saken country, composed of nothing but hil's and hollows, bluffs and gulches, sanl and stone, and entirely destitute of s ;i, timber, coal or waters. I have In ar. a number of men who claimed to lure been all over our level prairie conn t 2.vi- the ab"ve report of them. And h ive reported, them c >vered \\ ith '' e.i* in size from a pebble to a -ay stack, where one? the size of a hen’s is a Jcuriosity. But to come to Ne !-rasLA, our prospects, Ac., Ac. Tli p,-t cold winter, in all the eastern ti"-i the general tightness of money, Uj’ifi rs has had the effect of turning the n of thousands to the Slate of NT '>:a>kt. The old idea that at one time ' ■ prevalent in the eastern Slates, ' J' 1 Xi-nraska was a barren country, has - 7 pi.ice In tn i.r ; rational ideas, and ’ ‘ p • vie begin to understand that our that <>nr climite is good < f.-r.iie hj ilrhy, and tint within the borders S'.i'e is the last, opportunity for ' Mr.ca’luraiists t > procure good lands C ' a ’- J o' y. or as a hotn.-steal ualrr the li'.v; ,f (• mtrross I* Mated of a couple of boys over in 1 1 -v i, Ui it one lay they were la con Vfr: iti -n. when one said -to the other, hen ihecoualry is all settled up with f-' P e, st that there is no longer room ‘ ,r any m >re, wher<rwill the people go?’’ < *t:ier one liiou. i?hl a minute, and 1".,* "TneV will go to Nebraska.” answer was suggested to him by sl -‘'s-) miny covered wagons going -ir itie road, destined for ibis Slate. think th;il no apprehension need t'-- 1 1- ;t by any one as to hard limes here, 'mere will no doubt be from fifty to 'eTenty five thousand people come into t„e present season, and eacli r “‘- w brinir with him all the rtadv tn '■>' lu- cm, which will be paid out for ♦ ( * ‘■ n; - Viricultural implement?, clothing, !'• 7 '' 'ns, How will these people By whal means of convey a■r I answer that a small proportion v,] ("va~ i the old fashioned' way, tla* is in the covered wagoa. But the ma jority will come by railroad. Looking over the map of the United States, we see the leading lines of railroads from eastern cities, all running directly to or aiming to cross the State of Nebraska, it being centrally located as to north and south as well as east and west in the re public. We have within the State the Union Pacific, which runs along the north side of the Platte River, through the center of the State, and annually d is tributes along its line of road thousands of people between Omaha, its initial point on the east to North Platte, near the western boundary of the State. Then the Burlington & Missouri River Rail road, which begins at Plattsmouth on the south side of the Platte river near Us mouth, and runs thence south westerly to Fort Kearney, 191 miles distant, then we have the Atchison & Nebraska Rail road from Atchison, Kansas, to Lincoln, and the Midland Pacific Railroad, from Nebraska city to Seward. All these roads named, with the exception of the Union Pacific, runs directly to Lincoln, the State capital at which point all trains are made up on all the various roads, for Kearney, Beatrice, Seward* Omaha, . Atchison, and intermediate points on the several lines. The “feeders” to these various lines of roads are as fol lows to the Union Pacific and B. & M: We see that the C. &N. W. Railroad, C. R. I. & P. Railroad, Sioux City and St. Paul and C. B. & Missouri River, and K. C. and St. Joe, and C. B. & B. & M. Railroads of lowa. To the Atchison & Nebraska is the Hannibal & St. Joe, with its eastern connecting lines and the roads south and east. So It will be seen at a glance that the immigrants who may desire to emigrate from whatever point in the east, can always purchase, on any of the leading roads, in any prin cipal city, a coupon ticket direct to Lin coln. This is the only interior point in I the State that a through ticket can be purchased to. To show how this can be managed, I "will take onTortwb'e^^pTesSuppose the party desiring to come to Nebraska lives in Pittsburgh, he has the choicp of S two through routes; one we will call j the Central and most direct, that by the I Pittsburgh Fort Wayne & Chicago, to | Chicago; thence to Plattsmouth via Chi- I cago, Burlington & Missouri River Rail | road; thence to Lincoln via B. & M. R. ! Railroad in Nebraska. His ticket will ! cost him, at Pittsburgh, about $3B, and : will be what is called a coupon ticket, I that is it will read “P. Ft. W. & C. R. R. r Pittsburgh to Lincoln.” One coupon i will take him from Pittsburgh to Chicago, 1 the next'takes him from Chicago to Bur lington. the next takes him from Bur ; Hngton to Plattsmouth, and the next to i Lincoln. Thus has he used five coupons, | or he may take another route from Pitts ; burgh to St. Louis, through Columbus, Ohio, thence on the Missouri Pacific to ' Atchison, thence to Lincoln. All the ■ lines of roads in the country are each 1 day carrying people en route to Nebras- .{2,00 ~ 1,00 ~ 50 .. 03 ka. All are constantly bringing new settlers Into our State, and it will not be long before our prairies will bo dotted all over with the farm houses of the in dustrious from all parts of the east, and our cities already begins to feel the im petus, in trade given to them who have already settled in them. Colossal for tunes can and will be made by those possessing energy, industry, and means, and we look to see our salt interest fully developed ere long as well as the coal and'peat interests thoroughly worked up. The great snow storm Sunday evening, April 13th, after a severe wind storm from the south for two days, the wiud changed and came down from the north, bringing in its train, first, . a thunder storm, then a sleet, which was followed ! by a snow storm that surpassed in length and severity anything we ever witnessed. From Monday morning until Wednesday evening it was positively dangerous to venture out of doors. The wind blew a perfect hurricane anil the snow filled the air so that objects two or three rods away were Invisible. No one imagined that such a storm could visit Nebraska in the mouth of April, Under the warm sun, the grass had began to sprout, and the signs of an early spring were numer There were three human lives lost in this county. Mrs. Kaley, of Farmer’s Oil? Valley, and her litUe son of five years,died of exposure. It would seem almost as if her husband, Mr. Fred. Keley, had been singled out for the signal vengeance of fate. But a short time since, during the absence of both, their house and its con tents were burned. Friendly neighbors at once set about replacing the house, and supplying their necessities, and in a wonderfully short time, they were again settled, with dothirg, breadstuff's, etc., BEAYE even more than they had* lost. The house, of logs, owing to the weather, bad been only chinked, not plastered, and the snow came in at every minutest crevice. They tried In all ways to stop it out, and might perhaps have partially succeeded, but for the roojf, new, and built of wil lows K witb dirt above- The fire only melted the snow, and they remained most of the t ime in be<fe from Sunday night till Tuesday morning, when finding that the snow only increased, and even tbe beds were wet, they concluded to make the attempt to reach a neighbor’s house. Charley White, a brother of Mrs. Kaley, his wife and young child, started for Win- Kaley's, half a mile away, and Mrs. Kaley and her little son to another house, but a quarter of a mile from their own. All ; but Mrs. Kaley took something to eat, but feeling unwell, she refused anything, and sick, and weak from fasting, wrapped herself in a blanket and started out. Her i husband, unable to get on bis wet boots, went in bis stocking feet. Mr. and Mrs. White, after some wandering, reached their destination, the latter, however, owing her life to the judicious harshness of her husband, for wearied out, she insist ed upon lying down, and failing in every, persuasion, burdened down with a heavy baby, the old hunter knowing inaction to be death, went deliberately to work to make her angry, swearing like a trooper, or a westerner, until with flash of temper, came renewed circulation, and she was saved. But Mr. Kaley being of ditfereht metal, could not resist his half crazed, and almost dying wife’s entreaties, and almost perished with her. Losing their way again and again, thirty rods fiom their own door, as it was afterwards found out, the wife sank down helpless, cling* ing to him and saying it was useless to try longer; .Ottie, the child, was dying her brother and bis wife must be dead, and they had belter die together, for die they must. Wet, chilled and exhausted,, he succumed, and covering themeelves- fh* the blankets, they deliberately waitedf! for death, ithep sat there, he holding his almost dying wife, the little child nestled between. I The little one roused once enough to ; talk, and the poor mother said she did not suppose it took so long to freeze to - death. Then Ottie died, and giving up | entirely, she consented to the father mak ( ing one more trial, which seeing that she j was dying, he nerved himself to do, and 1 covering her as well as possible, he left ! her with her dead child, and on his hands i and knees started on his hopeless quest. Barefooted, bareheaded, half clothed, ! with frozen and swollen hands and feet, ; he at last reached his brother’s door, and J with failing breath IoU his story. The I brother of the two unfortunates started at i once, and found the poor lady just as she j was left, and still alive, but just as they 1 reach the door, her spirit fled to join the J little one and the bereaved man received 1 only his dead. On Thursday the unpitying sun shone out once more, and- looking down upon bright little Ottie in his dead mother’s ; arms, both seeming to smile from the 1 coffin, as if the grave were but the open ( door to their recovered home. • There was also a large amount of stock suffocated throughout the Stale. We did not lose anything having good houses and stables for everything. All that was lost was through carelessness in not being on the lookout for a storm. The gardens are all made, and most of the corn planted, the wheat looks splen did and there are every appearance of good crops this season. Next time I will try to write a more in teresting letter than this one. With my best wishes, I remain yours as ever, THE LOTISIAN A TROUBLES. Proclamation by the President. Washington, May 22. —The following proclamation was issued by the President to day : 1 By the President of the United States of America A PROCLAMATION Whereas, Under the pretense that William P. Kellogg, the present Execu tive of Louisiana, and ol the officers asso dated with him in the State administra tion were not duly elected, certain turbu lent aud disorderly persons have combin ed together, with force and arms, to re sist the laws and constituted authorities ot said State ; and Whereas, It has been duly certified by the proper local authorities, and judicially determined by the inferior and Supreme Courts of said State, that said officers are entitled to hold their offices respectively, and to execute and discharge the func tions thereof; and Wpjww, Congress.at lie late session uprtnn due consideration of the subject, recognized the said Executive and then, as now, in office, by to take any action with .respect thereto , and ? ■ yf&reqS) It is provided in the Const!* the United Slates [that the Uni- shall protect every State in this Un&|& on application of the Legislature o&jgf the Executive, when the Legiala- be convened, against domes* ' ',e; and , It is provided in the laws of 1 States that, in ail cases of in in any State, or of obstruction atherof, it shall be lawful for lent of the-United,-States, on n of the Legislature of such if the Executive, when the Leg nnot be convened, to call forth of any other State or States, ioy such part of the land* and ces as shall ; be judged necessary '.rpose of suppressing such in* or causing the; laws to be duly and r, The Legislature of said State 4n session, and cannot be con ImC to.meet the Jpreseot Ptner- of said State, ‘4 of article 4 of the Con- dfjM jp’blted States, and the passed in pursuance thereof, has, tnaid6'applicaiion to me for such -the military ‘ fbrce of the United jj&htea as may be necessary and adequate protect said State and the citizens hereof against domestic violence and to yjjffirce the execution of the laws; and Wp%erea», It is required that whenever ft may be necessary, in the judgment of ' the President, to use the military force tor the purpose aforesaid he shall forth* with, by proclamation, command such in surgents to disperse and retire peaceably their respective homes within a limited |tjaie: ' l -i' : ;S, & therefore, I Ulysses S. Grant, Slates, do hereby &akp proclamation, and command said perse and retire peaceably to their re spective abodes within twenty days from this date, and hereafter to submit them selves to the laws and constituted author ities of said State, and invoke the aid and co-operation oif all good citizens thereof to uphold the laws and preserve the pub lic peace. In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand, and caused the seal of the Uni ted States to be affixed. Done at the city of Washington, this 33d day of May, in the year of our Lord and of the Independence of the United Stales the ninety-seventh. By the President: J. C. Bancroft Davi*, Acting Secreta-. ry of Slate. FROM WASHINGTON, Tlie Captured ITlodocs—An Elephant on our Hands—What Shall be Done About It-A Speck of War-Col. McKen zie’s Raid Into Mexico—Route of the Klckapoos. Correspondence of the Radical. Washington, D. C., May 20, 1873 We h ive drawn an elephant. About half of Captain Jack’s band of Modocs, including some of his most noted war riors, have surrendered, and now the question arises ; what shall we do with them? There are not very many answers to be suggested, but the different charac ters of different men will be Indicated in their answers to this question. Some say, “Take them right out and shoot them others say, “Give them a trial before the civil courtsbut nobody says, “Let them go.” It is perhaps, the universal opinion of the community that the magnitude of the crimes and the safety of peaceable white settlers require that they should be punished and that severely, A long and earnest discussion on this subject be tween the humanitarians and the opposite school is inevitable. Ranch. There is one feeling that should be en tirely left out of consideration in decid ing this question, and that is the feeling of revenge. Revenge is properly an at tribute of the character of the savage, and would be more becoming in the Modocs that in acivilized, enlightened people. It was revenge to past ill-treatment, for the treachery of the whites, that moved them to the atrocious murder of General Can by and Dr. Thomas. It is this feature that makes the savage character most bar barious. We, as a people, profess to have advanced beyond the barbarious We profess to be actuated by higher mo lives* than mere brutal revenge. Of course there arc men, scores of them, in every neighborhood who clamor for the blond of these savage warriors. Some men even go so far a? to favor the exter- ■0. 1873. mination of the entire tribe, including women and children. Did I say men ? No, such are not men ; they are fiends, who, for the gratification of the absurd and vicious passion of revenge, would unnecessarily shed the blood of their fel low creatures. But, there are many of our best people, many of our most intelli gent and respected citizens, who,'advocate the hanging or shooting of the larger number of the surrendered This is no unimportant question. The country must think about it, and in the light of past experience and of our boast ed civilization must seek out the best means of tempering justice with mercy. We must act in a manner that will distin guish ns from,tbese savage red-shins, now in our power. Wo must show that civili zation is superior to babarism. The War Department is not likely to come to any hasty decision as to the best method of disposing of our Modoc ele phant. This is something that will not spoil from keeping. No evil can result from waiting till our blood cools down. Yet it is scarcely possible that these pris oners will be given a trial before our civ il courts. If they are tried by a military court it will go hard with them, for, as a general thing, army officers are not much inclined to favor Indians of any tribe. But the reader will bear enough about the various methods of getting these -braves off our hands, and I will not wear gut his patience at the beginning. A speck of war. It is not bigger than a man’s hand. But it may grow till it spreads all over the heavens. Yes, there is a speck of war in the horizon. Som e of our people are alarmed, some uncon cerned, and some welcome a little shindy with our Mexican neighbors. Some would like an excuse for appropriating another slice of our neighbor’s land. But is there any danger of war with Mexico ? If it had been the cise of some other nations, the excursion of Colonel McKenzie would have been sure to bring on unpleasant difficulties. It, is not like ly we could “put ourselves in their place” and keep pur temper. Whatever justifi mtons-tbere-miighi bs for the punish meat of persons taking shelter on the soil of the United States, we would certainly I get very angry if a squadron ol British ! cavalry should make a raid eighty miles ; into the interior of New York or Ver mont for the purpose of breaking up a camp of Fenians who had been disturb ing. the peace of Canada. Should there be organized a regular band of thieves and cut-throats, having their headquarters on the south side of the St. Lawrence, and making monthly forays upon the Ca nucks, under no consideration would we consent that British troops should cross the line for the purpose of bringing them to justice. But alter cases, Vrc ai*e a powerful people adi tb? Mexi can government is weak and distracted by internal dissensions. If they wore as strong as we, Colonel McKenzie and bis men would have never set foot on the ; south'side of the Rio Grande. U. S. Grant. However, there may be a complete jus tification for the act even if it is an act of war. It seems that a set of Mexican and Kickapoo Indian thieves have been for years praying upon the herds of the Tex an stock-raisers. Our Department of State has repeatedly called the attention of the Mexican government to the fact that these outlaws iyere in the habit of taking refuge on Mexican soil whenever pressed by our troops, and of taking with them stolen stock and goods of every de scription, which they sold to Mexican citizens. There can be no doubt as to the facts In the case, and the officials at the State Department have made various attempts to induce the Mexican govern ment to put a stop to these outrages. Either from unwillingness or inability on their part nothing has ever been done, and the marauders have been constantly growing more and more audacious. Colo nel McKenzie, commander at Fort Clark, Texas, having sent out several expedi tions to pat a stop to these depredations, and having as often been foiled by their escaping across the line, whence he was not permitted to pursue them, at last de termined on desperate measures. .<He de cided that he would end their thieving operatlonsjwhatever might be the cost or consequence. Thereupon he ordered out all the available cavalry under his cam mand—about six hundred men—crossed the Rio Grande, rode eighty miles into the Mexican country, surprised a camp of Kickapoos, and almost annihilated them. This he did on his own responsibility, but it is believed that the War Department will formally approve his action. The only official information received in this city relating to the affair was a dispatch from General Sheridan, stating that General Augur had reported to him (Sheridan) that the Klckapoos had been routed, etc., “about eighty miles from; Fort Clark,” bat the dispatch says noth ing about its having been on Mexican soil. Therefore, it may be said that the government has no official information whatever as to any affeir that is likely to bring about unpleasant relations with our sister republic, and, of course, can take no official action in the matter. The history of this affair is of several years’ growth. It is a very complicated case. A great deal ot correspondence be tween tbe Military and State Department officials, between pur government and the government of Mexico, baa taken place. A great deal of space would be required; for even a fait synopsis *>f tbe case. In official circles here tbe necessity lor such action is very much deprecated, bat as the circumstances would admit of no other method of affording protection to tbe Texans, Colonel McKenzie’s conduct is regarded as perfectly justifiable. This country was startled on Saturday night by the information, flashed across the wires, that President Thiers and his entire cabinet bad resigned, aqd that Mar shal MacMahoo had been elected to suc ceed him. They hate strange ways of doing things in Europe; at any rate, their pro ceedings seem strange to Americans.. No President of the United States would have ever thought of taking such a course as that adopted by M. Thiers. Perhaps he thought bis resignation would not be ac cepted, but. if so. be was mistaken. Yesterday being Sunday it was impos sible for me to learn how this bit of news is received here. Of course it makes but little difference to our government, but the matter has an important, bearing on the progress ol republicanism. M. Thiers, though at one time one of the most prominent 1 advocates of progress in France, was alwajya-supposed to be pos sessed of a considerable degree of ambi* tion, and lor a number of years, has been quite conservative in his tendencies. Ha was a sort of hanger-on at, the court of Louis Napoleon, and is charged with a considerable share of the responsibility for the recent war with Germany. Since his elevation to the Presidency of the French Republic his conservative tendencies have become more and more marked. Now, a shade of conservatism is gener ally regarded as a good thing in a French republicanism, but it has become a mat ter of doubt for some time Whether he is in reality a republican at all. He certain ly has his full share of egotism and vani ty, as he has more than once hinted his belief that the success of the republic rested altogether upon his shoulders. A great m«tny of tl*Q best friends of France in this country have felt disposed to be lieve that Mi- Thiers cared more for his own personal aggrandizement than for the interests of the republic. Marshal MacMahon is an avowed con servative, if not a monarchist. He it was of all Napoleon’s generals who held out longest and refused to recognize the pro visional government the surreodor of the Emperor. His has been an eventful life. One Jay the chief mar shal of the armies of the empire ; the next day in prison and on trial for treas on for the surrender ot Metz ; the next day released ; now he is President of the republic. I shall not make myself ridiculous by making predictions concerning.the future of the republic of France under the mag istracy of MacMahon. I have little or no idea of what is to come next. I hope for the best. I would love to hear of the firm establishment of a government in that country as free and prosperous as our own. I love the very name Republic, and will never despair of the final tri umph of the cause of liberty everywhere. The opposite press have tried hard to amuse themselves at the expense of Pres- Jent Grant because of his remarks, in the late inaugural address, concerning the in- fluence exerted by our institutions, and the probable future of the spirit of lib- erty. I confess that I share in his hopes. France may know much sorrow and trouble, perhaps much war and blood- shed, before attaining to a firm and uni ted republic, but I have all faith be lieve that France will some day have her institutions so firmly established that no tyrant will attempt to oppress her peo ple. I believe the people of France are honestly and thoroughly desirous of hav ing a republican foiraof governmental believe them to be a liberty loving peo ple, and with them I throw up my hat and shout “ Vice la RepuMique." Sam. —The Republican State Convention in Virginia is called to meet at Lynchburg on the 30th of July to-nominate candi dates for Governer, Lieutenant Governor and Attorney General. NUMBER 22
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers