SPECTRUM ANALYSIS. Wbat It teas Done/or Phyale** > try, and Astronomy* By spectrum is not understood j; In physics a spectre or ■ghostly apparition, as the verbal interpretation of the word m ,gbt well lead one to suppose, but that beautiful image, brilliant with all the colors of the rainbow, which is obtained when the light of the sun, or any other brilliant object, is allowed to pass through a triangular piece of glass—a prism. ( The unassisted eye can perceive no dif ference in the light from the heavenly bodies and that from various artificial sources, beyond a variation in , color and brilliancy; but it is quite otherwise when the light is viewed through, a prism. There are then formed very beautiful colored images or spectra, the constitu tion and appearance of which depend up on the nature of the substance emitting the light. The different appearances pre sented by these colored images are so en tirely characteristic, that to every sub glance, when luminous in a gaseous form, there corresponds a peculiar spectrum, which belongs only to that peculiar sub- stance. It follows, therefore, that when the spectra of different substances have been determined once for all, by previous re searches, and have been recorded in maps or impressed upon the memory, it is easy in any future investigation to recognize at once, from the form of the spectrum which a body of unknown constituents presents, the individual substances of which it is composed. This statement presents in general terms of nature of spectrum analysis. It ana lyzes bodies into their constituents parts, not as the chemist, with alembics and »«- torts, with reagents and precipitate*-. but by means of the spectra which t»ese sub stances give when in a stat r intense luminosity. Spectrum analysis in no way supplants the methods of che* 310 analysis hitherto in use • for its unction is neither to de compose * ,,r t 0 combine bodies, but rathe* 1,0 reconnoitre an unknown territo ry and to stand sentinel and to signalize to the physicist, the chemist, and the as Vronomer the presence of any substance brought beneath its scrutiny. With what acuteness, with what delica cy does spectrum analysis accomplish this task? When the balance, the microscope, and every other means of research at the command of the physicist and the chemist utterly fail, one look in the spectroscope is sufficient, in most cases, to reveal the presence of a substance. If a pound of common salt be .divided into 500,000 equal parts, ?he weight of one of these portions is called a milligramme. The chemist is &f)ie, by the use of the most delicate scales snd the application of special skill, to determine the weight of such a parti cle , but, ingoing so, he comes close upon the limits of his power of delecting by chemical means presence of sodium, the chief element in common salt. But if that small milligramme be subdivided in to three million parts, we arive at so minute a particle that all power of dis cerning it fails, and yet even this exces sively small quantity is sufficient to be recognized with certainty in a spectro seope. We have but to strike, together the pages of an old dusty book in order to perceive immediately in a spectroscope placed at some distance, the dash of a line of yellow light which we shall presently learn is an unfailing sign of the presence of sodium. It was to be expected that so sensitive a means of investigation, from which no known substance can escape, would very soon lead to the tracking out and discov ery of new elements which, till then, bad remained unknown, either because they are scattered very sparingly in nature, or stand out with so little that is character istic, from some other substance, that the imperfect chemical methods hitherto In die have not been able to distinguish them. This expectation was brilliantly real ize: ... _ » * { i) -r - • > - . ‘ : •‘r■ * •' \ ** J ' ' 1 -■ ' ■ • • ANCHOR And tfmbNAL iJNBS Dp OCEAN STEAMERS—ADAMS -AND UNION EX PRESS COMPANY’S AGENCY. , Fire, Life and Accident Policies written at fair ratee and liberal terms. Deeds, Mortgagee, Agree ments, Ac., correctly written. Depositions and Acknowledgments taken. Passengers booked to and iftim all parte of England, Ireland, Scotland,' France and Money and goods forward ed to all jwrte of the United States and Canada: ATNA INSURANCE CO.. of mMtfobd, oomr. CASH ASSETS, 1 ..;.......!.... , $6,000,000 Established in 1819—Wealthiest and most reliable Company in.the World. 1 11 “By their Finite ye shall know them.*’ • Losses Paid to Jon. let, 1871 $28,000,000 NIAGARA, ‘ OF NEW TORE. CABH: ASSXT^i. sl*soo*ooo ANDES INSURANCE COMPANY, OF CINCINNATI. - ’ ‘ CAcfiAssETOw.. -.; *l, 500,000 ENTERPRISE, *I . ! OF PHILADELPHIA, PA. CASH ASSETS, over *600,000 LANCASTER, [ OF LANCASTER, PA. CASH PAID ASSETS, *HO,OOO ALPS INSURANCE COMPANY, OF ERIE, PA. CASH CAPITAL.* *250,'00 Insures against damage by lightning as well as fire. HOME LIFE INSURANCE CO., OF NEW. TORE. CASH ASSETS...... i.... TRAVELERS LIFE AND ACCIDENT INSURANCE CO.y OF HARTFORD, CONN. CASH ASSETS,...... *1,500,000 Paid losses, slice Its. rganlzation, of over *7OO aday, for death and injury, i : ji '- ; *■ Representing the' ibove’ first class’Companies, acknowledged tobe amongst the best in the world, and representing a gross Cash Capital of over Six iteeuMllliona ot take Insur anco in departments,* aba Policies issued without delay. Losses liberally adjusted and. promptly paid. Insure Unlay. By ond days' tiegUcz or delay jou rnal/ loose the eastings of years.,' .'Delays are dangerous, and Ufti. uncertain.: Insure today. One to-day is.worth: Uco to-morrows. Quality also Its of the Utmost Importance. The low'priced, worthless -article always proves -the’ de&rest. I Therefore, look to Quality as the. paramount, consid eration qf insurance . Look to worth and wealth for indemnity. She Best Is the Cheapest. “As yon sow that you shall you reap.” Grateful for the very’ liberal patronage already, bestowed, I flatttei myself. by ?(rioiattentldirfba i legitimate business, not only to merit a continu ance ol the tame; bat .tope, by .the facilities and inducements Lam how' enabled to offer, for a large increase dnTingthe present year. Mb.,B. A,, CRAIG is duly authorized o take applications in adjoining boroughs and townships. CHARLES B. HURST, '■ Insurance and General Agent, jelfi’Tl Near the Depot, Rochester, Penn’a. JV ANCASTER INSURANCE COMPANY ! LANCASTER, PA. HON. THOR E. FRANKLIN, Pres. B. if. SHENK, Treasurer. EDWARD BROWN, Secretary ■ ■ - - DIRKCTORB: THUS. £. FRANKLIN, JOHN L. ATLBE, Physician; JACOB BAUSMAN.Pres't Farmers Nat. Bank; HENRY CARPENTER, Physician; JACOB M. FRANTZ, Farmer; JNO.C. HAGER, df Hager A Bro. Merchants; GEO. R. REED, of Reed, M'Gran & Co., Bankers; A. E. ROBERTS, ex-Memher of Congress; F. SHBODER, of Shro&er & Co*, Cotton Man.; B. F. SHENK, of Shenb, Bausman & Co.; INSURES DWELLINGS, MERCHANDISE, FARM PROPERTY, CHURCHES, SCHOOL HOUSES, MILLS AND FACTORIES, And all other FIRE RISES taken at as low rates as any first class Company can afford. LOSSES PROMPTLY ADJUSTED AND PAID. ~ Term Policies issued on Dwellings, farm proper ty, Ac., at LOW RATES, And Policies liberal in other terms. Apply to CHAS. B. HURST, Agent, ROCHESTER, PA. aprtS’Tftly. npHE ENTERPRISE Insurance Co. OF PHILADELPHIA. P. RATCHPORD STARR, President THOS. H. MONTGOMERY, V. Pres. ALEX.W. FILTER, Seq’y. JACOB PETERSON, Ass’t *Jec*y. cash Assets, ■ <9300.000 ASSET* Feb.JUt, »70, 9530,393 14 PIR2 INSURANCE EXCLUSIVELY. Perpetual and term Policies ir ery liberal rata* and term*. Apply to ■ CHAS. B. HURST, Agent, ROCHESTER, PA; aprtS’lftiy. _v i , - - . PITTSBURGH MARBLEIZED .MANTLE WORKS! JAM E 8 Oil), m' LIBERTY STREET, PITTSBURGH, PA. Also, RANGfiP. GRATED, <£x.. and particular attention paid to FjURNAChS, Public and Private Buddings. novl-Sm insurance. ASD *3,500,000 J ' R. N O RTO N, PIANOS AND ORGAN'S, No. 118 BMITHFIELD STREET, FOR THE CELEBRATED JEWETT .• AND t. ORGAN erSEND ?OR ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE. novSi-Sm ' D OCHESTERPLANING, SASH AND II DOOR MILLB MONROE MILLER. w. DOLBY. M. MILLER' & CO ., CONTRACTORS AND BUILDERS, ■ Manufacturers of and Dealers in ROUGH ASS PLANED LUMBER, DRESSED FLOORING , ; SIDING, SEEL VINO, LATH AND SHINGLES. ROCHESTER, BEAVER COUNTY, PA. declB’6B;ly Q W. TAYLOR, STIC E O£ THE PEACH AND REAL ESTATE AGENT, BKAVER PALLB, PA. Agreements. Articles^ases and all Instruments of Writing promptly attended to. Beal Estate bought and sold on reasonable Con mission. * QyB’7o:iy JJWELIJNG HOUSES, TENEMEN T S , IMPROVED AND UNIMPROVE real Estate, t / IB AMO NEAR THE BOROUGH OP ROCHESTER j? POR SALE AND RENT, BY S. J. CROSS. ocS7’7l-tf ' j: p etti t t, SMITH’S PERRY, BEAVER CO., PA., JUSTICE OF THE PEACE, NOTA R Y PUBLIC . ' ' AND SPECIAL COMMISSIONER FOR SALE OP LANDS IN EAST VIRGINIA. apr!9’T2-ly JOHN PECK, ornamental hair worker AND HA I R BRESSEB, N O. 5 3 M ARKET STREET, PITTSBURGH, PA. Ladies waited on promptly at their residences by experienced workwomen. [febS'Tl-ly Q W. MASSEY, CLEANED, DYED AND; REPAIRED feblO’Tl-ly P M. ELLIS, OFFICE: RAMSEY'S BLOCK BEAVER PALLS, BEAVER CO., PA. Plans and Speciflcations?lbr public buildings and private residence. Estimates of‘the cost of build ing, and all business connected with architecture, attended to promptly and satisfactorily. feb!9’69:ly. JT CONCERNS ALL! HAIR DRESSING ROOMS And Manufacturer of Hair Work of Every Description! . Children's Hair Cut Neatly. feKMy 47 Fourth Ave.,PITTSBURGH. HOTEt; CORNER MARKET & THIRD STREETS, declB‘6B INSTANT RELIEF FOR THE ASTHMA. Having been afflicted with that terrible com plaint, completely unfitting 1 mfe for business for weeks at a time, for the- last twelve years, and at last found a Remedy that giver Instant and comppete relief, i luv» concluded to have it prepared for sale, so that otb ers similarly *flucted can receive the benefit of fc, assuring them that it will do dll, and more, thdn.ii pormised/or U t tnd that persons: once..using never be without it, as or numeroiii others iu/u have tried. tt ea& testify. ~ It can behad flt'the Drug Store of Wnxun L. Buzcbuho, Rochester, Wa., or will.be sent by' mail tb any persv*! enclosing $l, and ten cents for poet age, and addressing CHAS; B. HURST, - novl8”70-ly Rochester, Beaver county. Pa. JJEADY FOR CHRISTMAS. ; , We iliaivd received an- OJegaot stoik of WATCHES, CHAINS. CHAIN AND BAND BRACELETS. DIAMOND PINS, EAR RINGS, STUDS and RINGS, CORAL. STONE. CAMEO, AM ATHYST. TOPAZ, ONYX and* GOLD SETS OFr JEWELRY, PINE NECKLACES and LOCK ETS. SLEEVE BUTTONS, STUDS COLLAR BUTTONS, GIFTS’PINS, .GOLD AND SILVER HEAD CANES. SOLID SILVER and SILVER PLATED WARE, VASES. TOILET SETS, PA RIAN MARBLE AND FANCY GOODS. All suit able for Holiday Presents, and will, be sold low .at WATTLES & SHEARER’S, decfi-lm. , 101 Fifth Av., Pittsburgh,. Pa. MO2?TH*;|25O - WANT 10,000 AGENTS, MALE OR FEMALE. To make tbe above amount, selling-BRIDE’S COMBINATION NEEDLE CASE ANC PORTE MONNAIE. This is an article of absolute necessi ty with every lady, and pays a large pidfit. For Circular and terms address PITTSBURGH SUPPLY COMPANY. decG-3m. Pittsburgh, Pa. . pteceUaaeou*. PITTSBURGH, PENN’A. STATE AGENT CLOTHING AT SHORT NOTICE. NO. 74 GRANT STREET, ARCHITECT AND DESIGNER. J. PROCTOR, LADIES' AND GENTLEMEN’S HARRISBURG, PA. Q. W. HUNTER, PITTSBURGH, PA. Propriety ! ganfcitig aafl ftwauc*. JOHN CONWAY & CO., BANKERS & BROKERS ROCHESTER, PA. Dltuu IS - Sicunee Com iKi) Exchange Accounts of Manufacturers, Merchants and Indl TldoaJs Solicited. INTEREST ALLOWED ON TIME DEPOSITS Correspondence will receive prompt attention. Rochester, Aug. Ist, 1872—angS-to*. jg E AJVE R DEPOSIT J 5 A N K OF BEAVER, FA. £BEN ALLISON, Cashier, COLLECTIONS PROMPTLY MADE AND RE MITTED. CORRESPONDENCE AND ACCOUNTS S SICITED. INTEREST PAID ON.TIME DEPOSITS EXCHANGE, SECURITIES, &c., BOUGHT AND SOLD. - * Office hours fr< m a. m. to 4p. m. my3l’72 p BENTEL & CO., BAHEBS Ml) BBOEEES FREEDOM, PA., Rvni£TL pr f pared & do ■ general Butting ana ?™ker bQBine6B. Notes discounted, Government Bonds and other securities bought aud sold, and UnitedBtetee adC ° D *** acceBßi *>le points in the Interest allowed on time deposits. , Jan. 28,1872-6 m. ALLEGHENY NATIONAL PANIC, NO. 33 FIFTH AVENUE, piitsbuegh, pa. J. W. COOK, President. R. W. MACKJtY, Cashier W. McCAHOLBSS. Aset. VasMer. [dels’ g RANKING HOUSE ’ .op H. E. PenJJ’a - , G. 8. BARKER & CO., Bkavzb Falls, Fxkn’a., BANKE.RS PKAX2BB n ) EXCHANGE, COIN, COUPONS, CQllectione made oh all accessible poipte in the United States and Canada. V Accounts of Merchants. land Indi viduals solicited. Interest allowed (ntwe Deposits. Cotresjiondence receive prompt attention. ROCHESTER SAVINGS BANK. tOHH V . B'DONALD, 6*0.0. SFXTEEZB, SPE YERER & McDonald , Dealers in exchange. Coin, Government Securi ties,make collections on alfaccessible points In the United States and Canada, receive money on depos it subject to check, and receive time deposits of one dollar and upward, and allow interest at C per cent. Bv-laws and Rules furnished free by applying at at the bank. 1r J *• Bank open dally from 7 a. m., till 4 p. m., and on Saturday evenings from 6 to 8 o’clock: , BBPEB, BT PKR»XBBIOK, TO L HOatman & Co, Hon J 8 Rutau, Algeo, Scott A Co, j Orr & Cooper, S J Cross <&C°, Wm Kennedy, Snleder & Wacks, 1 John t-harp, B S Ranger, H B Edgar, coS?i T 8t ’ j T-Mesmon’s National ® B ~ 6 £?’. . „ i bank, Pittsburgh. Pa. •» novll-7»-je3o-71 J£TNA Insurance Co. HARTFORD, CONN PAID UP CAPITAL, $3,000,000 CASHASSETS, - $5,549,604.97. TOTAL LIABILITIES, - • - |266,068.89 NET ASSETS, - $5,293,436.08. CHARTERED IN 1819. “BT THEIR FRUITS YE KNOW THEM losses paid ln‘ 61 years, '$ 36,058,647.18 . i , L 9 o^to wealth and r worth for indemnity. Loo to quality as the paramount consideration of Insu for too> frequently the cheapest rate Is only the index of the poorest Insurance. The stability, wealth, Jjlwrajity, and straightforward character of the Astna,and its promptness in the Payment «t Ipwe e during the past. 61 years, claim the apprecla tion of all business men. Applications received and Policies written «i a rates aid Jheral terms, by. CHAS.B. HURST, Agent, ROCHESTER, PA P , *«nody. ; f: Enterprise saloon and RESTAURANT. '-PEN DAY AND NIGHT. MEALS AT ALL HOURS. No. 19 SIXTH ST., (late nt. Clair.) PITTSBtJKGH. NEAL McCALI.ION feblO’TMy 0. >1 ASH Y, PEA R L 8 A LOG N, 5? bilfSE STREET, Pl'ilSJbl hUU, 3 C. H. BKNTEL, .Cashier. W. J, BPITEBBa, h. 3. bpeteekb. Cashier