JJOUSE AND FARM.
The Boner Bee.
There are kind of bees kept
in hives in the United States at
present—the black, the gray, and
f be Italian. The black bee belongs
to the northern, the gray to the
southern part of the United States,
and the Italian bee is an imported
insect from Italy, now being rapidly
introduced to all our apiaries both
nor ih and south, pure hybrid, im
proving our natural bees just as
the dairyman improves his cattle
from imported stock. A prosperous
colony of bees consists of three kinds j
0 f individuals—a queen, drones and j
worker*. The queen is a female, is |
mother of the whole colony, and is j
crenel-ally called the “Mother Bee.”
The drones are niales, and the i
workers are undeveloped females, j
In car’}' spring the colony is com
posed of one queen and about twen
ty'thousand workers. As the sea
khi becomes warmer, the number of
workers increases, and a great many
drones are reared, which are mostly
nil destroyed when the swarming
season is over. The queen is the
only perfectly developed teraale bee
in the hive. Her torm is symmet
lical, and her motions and actions
beautifully graceful and majestic. A
pure, prolific Italian queen is one ol
the most beautiful insects to behold.
Her body is of a “spotless and varie
gated golden color, and even the
black queen of the same lorm, is of
royal appearanceher color on the
tup of the body and also on the
sides, being generally of a brownish
hue; yet we often see them approxi
mating to a cinnamon shade, and
some of them are quite yellow and
variegated. We often find queens
of different colors in the same apiary,
which h probably owing to the age
of the combs in which they are bred,
she is at least a third longer than a
worker, aud her wings cover only
half her body. She never leaves the
hive except on her “bridal trip,” or
when accompanying a swarm. Her
Pole office is to lay eggs,; of which
she deposits from two to three
thousand every day in a very good
season, regulating the number ac-
cording to the abundance of honey
Withered by the bees. This is taken
advantage ofby the intelligent bee
keeper, who, when the honey season
fails, or previous to its commence
ment, supplies them with a reasona
ble quantity of honey to stimulate
tbe queen in order to keep up a
strong colony in anticipation of the
honey harvest, for the Secret of bee
keeping is to secure strong colonies to
C ' on the honey when the harvest
I tieuces.
Here we see the great wisdom
displayed in the queen controling
this matter to suit the times, and
tie bee-keeper by not taking advan
tijeof this instinct bv artificial
stimulation, will often find the honey
' ijoii mel! over before the colony is
fnomjh to gather the surplus.
H • should have a knowledge of the
•idfreni plants and flowers, from.
" “i'-li the bees gather the honey;
’i ‘ day and month even when they
b >om and supply honey, and the
Alienee of the weather on that sup
-1 \ and bees, in order to regulate
! » artificial stimulation.
Accordingly,to prepare the colony
l:l0 jr effectually when the harvest
' abundmt, the modus operandi of
ti >‘same we will endeavor to give
""e further develop in our study
"instinct and habits of this in-
'•-t
ttalfting Poultry.
> oar farmers in this countv
>,' ' *
;l<; m, ioh poultry as would be
■ table ? Eggs for several years j
l "'" 1 l-ivo brought a good price all
and a very high price all ■
"Um. j t |, co;l j wor j- s j n t
11 ’"'ess and in prospect, the tan- j
an, l lumbering establishments, |
‘ 1 Ul) l'l(»ying numerous laborers,,it j
; . ( l ,llte that the raarketij
; ,!^ s for eggs will rule high. We'|
j.therefore, to those who j
I'w to raise fowls 'that it i
jj W °H to increase their I
j " s °mewhat, and give them the |
v ■ l °* 'Attention. A gentleman
’ la> made the poultry business i
• table says you must not attempt'
11 »1/pn i f *
‘ Pto Keep too many fowls in a
-T l pace: «e “I would
t, v r I , a ' e ra * e of one acre 1
I)f| lowh than less; but I have I
no doubt that I could succeed with
400 on two acres. The ground
should he enclosed with a picket
fence, and the buildings placed on
the north side and facing to the
south. The height of the fence
should be five feet for Brahams, and
nine feet or more for the more active
fowls. 1 have found a roosting
house eighteen feet long, twelve feet
wide, and eight high at back,, and
twelve at front, with a single alop- ;
ing roof, and built of common
boards, not battened,but with joints
open—quite sufficient accommoda
tion and warm enough for 200 fowls.
Fresh air is of vastly more imjJor
, tance than warmth. Tn a climate.
ranch colder than that of New York,
I have never had a fowl’s comb
frozen in such a house as this on the
coldest nights, when the tempera
ture has been below zero, and a
! strong wind blowing. Too much
i warmth induces disease; catarrh,
t roup, and dysentery are caused by
} impure air and warmth, produced
!by huddling in a close apartment.
Artificial warmth is better than
sweating in this manner. A setting
| house, adjoining the roosting-house,
and of the same size, needs to be
! provided, without windows, and
| with a shelf all round, on which are
: placeed the nest raised two feet
l from the ground. Another shed*
j adjoining the roosting house at the
I other end, open in the front, should
I. be provided for shelter on stormy
days, and for the fowls to wallow
j in. Thus these three apartments
I adjoining each other in a line are
j needed for 200 towds, and by addi
tional sets the colonies may be in
creased so long as there is room for
them.
Corn, wheat screanings and occa
sionally coarse meal, scalded and
mixed with hot water, make up
their food. I never give them corn
meal mixed with cold water, don’t
j believe in it, in fact I think that is
{ one source of their sickness and dis
! ease. Clean water (you see I em
j phasize the clean part) they mast
! have, free to all. Drinking fool
; water kills more chickens than nine
i tenths of us raise. Give them good,
; wholesome food, healthy, clean
I quarters: pay some decent regard to
j their comfort, and, ray word for it,
; they will make you rejoice in the
’ profitable gratitude they return you.
Care of Kf or*es.
\ All horses must not be fed in the
[ same proportions, without regard to
j their ages, their constitutions, and
j their work; the impropriety of such
, a practice is self-evident. Yet it is
! constantly done, and is the basis of
disease of every kind.
Never use bad hay on account of
its cheapness because there is no
.proper nourishment in it.
Damaged corn is exceedingly in
jurious because it brings on inflam
mation of the bowels and skin dis-
eases.
i
Chaff is better for old horses than
hay, because they can chew and
! digest it better.
! Mix chaff with corn or beans, and
| do not give the latter alone; because
jit makes the horse chew his food
more and digest it better.
j Hay or grass alone will not sup
| port a horse under hard work be-
I cause there is not sufficient nutritive
t
I body in either.
i When a horse is worked hard its
! food should be mostly- oats —if not
1 worked hard its food should be
| chiefly hay—because oats supply
| more nourishment and flesh-making
material than any other kind of food;
hay not so much.
For a saddle or coach horse, half
a peck of sound oats and eighteen
pounds of good hay are sufficient.
If the hay is not good, add a quart
or a peck more oats. A horse which
works harder mav have rather more
m
of each ; one that works little should
have less.
Rack feeding is wasteful. The
better plan is to feed with chopped
hay, from a manger, because the
food is not then thrown about and
is more easily chewed aud digested.
Sprinkle the hay with water that
has salt dissolved in it, because it is
pleasing to the animal’s .taste and
more easily digested. A teaspoon
tul of salt in a bucket of water is
sufficient. —London Horse Book.
Little fish have a good notion
as to the commenceing of life—they
always begin on a small scale.
THE RADICAL: F
,'s iI.
fWffttttt.
'J'OLEDO MUTUAL
LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY,
TOLEDO, OHIO.
ORGANIZED IN APRIL, 18 72.
PAID UP CAPITAL
*1^0,000.00.
t v
BOARIj> OP DIRECTORS.
Hon. W. W. JONES Hon. C. H. SCRIBNER,
Uos.C. A. KING, Hok. W. A. COLLINS
WM. BAKER,
8. H. BERGEN, C. H. COY,
C. L. LUCE, FERRY CRABBS,
J. R. SWIGART, ROBKKT CUMMINGS,
JOHN CUMMINGS, L T. THAYER,
FRED EATON, J. R. OSBORNE,
WAGER SWAYNE, CLARENCE MORRIS,
J. W. BOSS, S. W. E. KOCH,
1
PELEG T. CLARKE, W. S. WAITE,
CHAS. COCHRAN.
OFFICERS.
1
S. H. BERGEN, President.
F. J. KING, Vice President
CHARLES COCHRAN, Secretary.
J. F. ARIS, Assistant Secretary.
W. W. JONES, Medical Examiner
WILLIAM BAKER, Attorney.
THE TOLEDO MUTUAL
WILL ISSUE ALL THE
DIFFERENT KINDS OF POLICIES
USUALLY ISSUED BY
LIFE INSURANCE COMPANIES,
At the nsual rates charged by other
Reliable Companies.
Those insured in this Company ore permitted to
travel by. the usual routes, to or irom anv portion
of the Western Hemisphere, north of and includ
ing the United States, or to or from any portion of
Europe, and to reside within said limits of travel,
without extra charge.
AN EXCELLENT FEATURE.
UPON SURRENDER OF AX
ORDINARY LIFE POLICY
At any time after the payment of one
ONE FULL ANNUAL PREMIUM,
The holder of such policy will ba entitled fojnst
AS MUCH PAID DP INSURASVK
Ac any other man of like age can
OBTAIN FOR A CASH PREMIUM
Equal to the
value of the policy,
Computed in accordance with the rate of
Mortality and Interest
Which may have been adopted as the standard
of the Slate for the
VALUATION OF LIFE POLICIES
F. J. KING,
AY. MARCH 7, 1873.
“THE AMERI
First premiums wherever exhibited—Prices low
i !. band Instruments
From Mr. Edward Hoffman, tht cdabrated FlanisL
1 conscientiously believe that your Plano Is in
every respect a most tmgn\fleent instrument.
' ResjonsiMe Agents wanted
address
getrtijstrjj.
J^ENTISTRY.
ae cheapest,
guarantee the faith
ful and honeat performance of every operation, «
return.the money, Give him a call.
febd’TOily.
Ikardwatf.
J 8. WINANS
ozalzb nr
HARDWARE, IRON, GLASS, AND RICH
TUBAL IMPLEMENTS,
EAST SIDE BROADWAY,
Agent for WOOD'S MOWER AND REAPER, f
dec3s'63:ly NEW BRIGHTON, PA.
pijjfHlanrottjs.
JJO NOT FAIL TO EXAMINE IT.
THE SEW WILSOS
UNDER FEED SEWING MACHINE,
BEST IN THE WORLD.
A SPECIAL, WARRANTEE FOR FIVE YEARS
FURNISHED WITH EACH MACHINE,
MANUFACTURED
IN OPPOSITION
TO TILE HIGH PRICED
SEWING MACHINE COMBINATION.
PRICE COMPLETE $6O 00.
We take pleasure in showing it.
LEE S. SMITH ,
GENERAL AGENT,
NO. 14 SIXTH ST., (LATE ST. CLAIR.,)
PITTSBURGH, PA.
AGENTS WANTED IN THIS COUNTY
Most Liberal Terms both in per cent and time
novlS 6m
O. L. EBEEHABT. W. L. BEDISON
WORD WITH YOU!
If You WantJ
To Injure Against Accidents
To Lease Tonr House,
To Hire a House,
To Buy a Farm,
To Sell a Farm.
Any Legal Writing Done,
Do not fail to call at the office of
EBERHART & BEDISONt
» •
GENERAL INSURANCE AGENTS AND
REAL ESTATE BROKERS,
No. 533 BROADWAY, NEW BRIGHTON,
sept37-ly Beaver Connty, Pa.
JP AR M FOR SALE.
A good farm situated in Brighton township,
Beaver connty, Pa., about six milea from Beaver,
adjoining lands of Jacob Coon, John Nevill and
George Dawson, containing ONE HUNDRED
AND SIX ACRES, eighty acres cleared and in a
good state of cultivation, the balance well timber
ed: said farm belonging to the heirs of William
Givan, deceased. The improvements on the prem
ises are a good two story frame dwelling bonsc
18x43 feet, containing seven rooms and cellar. log
barn and stable, wagon shed, grancry and all other
necessary ontbnildings; two never failing springs
of excellent water in the yard, the whole farm well
watered and well adapted to either fanning pur
poses or stock raising. Fruit trees of nil hinds on
the premises. For further particulars enquire of
Robert Givan. on the premises, or the undersign
ed, at his residence in Brighton township. Beaver
connty. Pa. CHARLES GIVAN,
nov29-tf. Executor.
-UN.S-UB
TONG & SON,
Da. J. Mdrbat,o||
Bridgewater, user
all the latest style*
of platefor artificial
teeth that post*,a
any merit, and Lull
teeth with gold and
silver in the beat
and most approved
manner. Hewlll'do
work as cheap as
thr h( and
To Bay Property,
To Sell Property,
Yoar House Insured,
Your Goods Insarod,
Y'onr Life Insured,
& S O IST,
OANfcIAJTO,”
PA S SE I> -*? ■
for the Toallty. Large prices allowed for Second
in Exchange.
■From the Independent,
The American Piano has deservedly become a
popular Instrument.
(or moccnpiei territory.
423 Broome St., N, Y. [ja3l*6m
Pi^ffUatteottil.
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’5 ” ®
pALLSTON FOUNDRY
REPAIR SHOP!
JOHN THORNILEY, PROPRIETOR.
STOVES,
GREAT REPUBLIC ,
COOKING STOVE IN USE,
EXTENSION TOP.
STANDS UNRIVALLED
1,000 NAMES ATTEST ITS MERITS
THORNILEY’S
NEW ADJUSTIBLE GRATE
Throws onr more heat with lesefncl and less dust
than any other.
ENGINES AND CASTINGS
OF ALL KINDS MADE TO ORDER
REASONABLE RATES TO ALL
nuglO-ly
JgRUCE & BARKER.
HOUSE.JSIGN & FRESCO PAINTERS
GRAINBES. GLAZIERS AND
PAPER HANGING,
Main Street, (opposite the Bank),
BEAVER FALLS, PBNN’A.
We give especial attention to all kinds of Sign and
Fresco Painting, and guarantee all of our work tc
give satisfaction, both m price and material.
nmr24’7l—ly.
Jp A. OVERING,
PRACTICAL,PLAIN AND ORNAMENTAL,
WIRE WORKER,
Manufacturer of
DIAMOND WIRE WINDOW GUARDS,
Vftn? Window Shades , Office dt Counter Railing , At
NO. 10 FEDERAL STREET,
ALLEGHENY. PA.
Wire Cloth 1 , Sand Screens, Fire Guards, Nursery
Stove Guards, Bat and-Cap Stands, Bonnet Stands,
Hanging Moss Baskets, Rat and Mouse Traps, Dog
Muzzles, Sieves and Riddles, Flower Stands &c.
Wire Figures, Penders, Hat Trees.
All kinds of Wire Work on hand and made to
order. Estimates furnished. [fcblO'7l-ly.
AND
THE BEST
WITH THE
JOHN THORNILEY
JgRADBURY PIANO FORTES.
ESTABLISHED IN 1854.
OVER 10,000 MANUFACTURED.
NO BETTER INSTRUM ENT IN THE MARKET.
THE BRADBURY TUB
NATIONAL PIANO of the COUNTRY.
READ THE PACTS.
Mrs. U.S. Grant ueeain tier family the Brad
bury and says; “I am perfectly delighted with it.”
. Theodore Tilton eays: “Ihave had the beauti
ful Piano so long that now to ask me how I like it
is like asking mo how I tike one of my children.
Infect if yon hereto ask the children I'm afraid
they would say they liked it almost as well aa they
like me. It speaks every day the year round add
never looses its voice. I wish its owner could d#
half so well."
LETTER PROM BISHOP SIMPSON.
Philadelphia. April !7,1868.
T. G. Smith & Co.— Omis— Having need one of
your Bradbury Pianos, it has given great satisfac
tion to my family and to many visitors who have
heard its sweet tones at my house. It is a very
superior instrument, both In finish and power, f
heartily wish yon success as successor to the late
Wm. B. Bradbury, in continuing the mannfecture
of his justly celebrated Pianos. Yours truly,
M. SIMPSON.
Chlet Justice Salmon P. Chase, Washington D. C.,
Decides the Bradbury to be the National Piano
of the country.
Vice Admiral D. D. Porter, Washington D. C.,
“The Bradbury is exquisitely and beautifully
proportioned. We are delighted with ours. ”
Hon. Columbus Delano, Secretary of the Interior,
Washington, D. C., calls the Bradbury the Piano
for the interior.
P. M. General Cresswell and Mrs. Cresewell.—
“All our friends admire the delightful tones o f
the Bradbury, used at our receptions."
Robert Bonner, New York Ledger—"At any time
will drop the lines of 'Dexter,' to listen to the
tones of the Bradbury."
Grand Central Hotel, New York—“ln preference
to all others, we selected the Bradbury Pianos
for our parlors. Our guests pronounce them
splendid."
St. Nicholas Hotel. New York.—“ Have always
used the Bradbury Pianos in our parlors, and taka
pleasure in recommending them."
Hon. John Simpson. M. P., Canada, says; “The
Bradbury can't be excelled. The best in the
Dominion."
M. Simpson, Bishop M. £. Church. Philadelphia.
“We know of no better Piano than the Brad
bury.”
E. S. Janes, Bishop M. E. Church, N. Y.—
know of no better Piano than the Bradbury."
Rev. Dr. John McCUnton, Drew Theological Sem
inary—“My family and friends say the Bradbury
is unequalled. ”
T. S. Arthur, Philadelphia—“We have used for
yeara, and can recommend the Bradbury Piano.”
Philip Philips, Net* says, “I have eun? with
aha need the Bradbury in my family for
year?,”
W. G- Flschpr, Professor of Music, Girard College,
Philadelphia- “I use as my family Piano, the
Bradbury, and can with confidence recommend
them,”
Rev« Daniel Ctlrry, Editor Christian Advocate ; "I"
purchased a Bradbury Plano, and it is a
instrument in every respect. ” ~
Theodore Tilton, Editor Independent; “If you
were to ask my children, 1 am afraid they would
say they liked onr Bradbury almost as well aa
they like me.”
Dr. Daniel Wise, Editor Sunday School Advocate.
“I nee the Bradbnry Piano, and think, like hia
music it cannot be excelled."
Rev. Dr. Perris, Now York. “My Bradbnry has
stood longer in tnne, and sounds better than
any Piano in my District.”
Rev. Dr. Yields, Editor of the Evangelist. “I have
need a Bradbnry for years in my family, and
think there is none superior."
Sands Street Church Brooklyn, St. Lake's M. B.
Church, and a host of other churches nse th»
Bradbnry Piano in their Lectnre and School
Rooms, also the Conservatories and prominent
Hotels in the United States.
John Caughey, Beaver Pa., purchased from me
three years ago a No. 6 Bradbnry. and says:
“There is no better, or sweeter toned, or more
desirable Piano, according to my Judgment and
experience, than my Piano. It has given entlrs
satisfaction, and grows better as it becomee
older.’’
Wm. McCoy, of Beaver, Pa., in the spring of 1871,
bought from me a No. 8 Bradbury, which has
proven to be a superior instrument in every re
spect.
Miss Mary McGsflkk also owns and uses a Brad
bury.
I WILL SELL THE;
BRADBURY
AT NEARLY
WHOLESALE PRICES,
From $3O to f 100 cheaper than elsewhere. Will
DIRECT FROM TBE MANUFACTORY,
NEW YORK
WARRANTED FOR FIVE YEARS.
A SOSO PIANO FOB |4OO.
ORGANS
BEST CLASS
Ordered at the lowest rates
BELOW PITTSBURGH PKXCBB.
WILL SELL
PIANOS OF OTBBR MANUFACTURERS
LOWEST RATES.
Call before purchasing and see
SMITH CURTIS* Agent.
nov3
order them
OF THE
AT THE
Radical Ottiob, Bia7bb,
7
“We