• ...
. .
• • AM - Oat .....
Artrentimltlllat ~ • Or mimich on 1: -., • • 4.11: ..... 111A10. ,- •, •,r,•• . 1 ....• ... 1
. .-Ft
4ciala
sa TeariT A dTelti t s 'APPfiflidit f r iafillk • • ,•- ' ••• - • • t•ks s •
,A y• . " i 'I '
A apace Nth". t
~ . ' .• .'
. , ,
u" I „ 11,_,.-eet under • bead by th . .
. • • • i' • '.l 1 ;• ''.-. •
''"r i "'"'• — • tety alter the load news, wig • ' -i I • it,i,i,' :.! . ' 1 .•,-. 'sib .1 : 1.1 in.!: :,
Kivi 110 at% tea cents a line ha earl lase • 1 ,;.).1 1, ... .: - :1•.1 •••;f -•
rharg'e 4 ; 1/0121170itciz:77
iis ?ll_ .
Srrhiges and data armeaneed date( e _
The pnblisher moan:* the sight to change a - _
• Of ements from one place in the paper
Ticelother whenever It is desirable to do so.
__
AdvertimMento should be doodad
that week inbeferam
,s
dsr noon 0., Wens 4 . 111e111,1011 I n
1 ,. • •
: 1 0, 1 1 1 5 ,1111*.31 " 1 _ 0
Business Cards.
---
pR. J. It. LOCKHART,
I,..4S,ltrfOrtrat"
n. Greer, •
. •
rrlitteet,,lterbanirlan and Engineer ot Ads
Vaian Mann%dire., URIco
•
L.Eber art. •
1.e.•
Engineer and Survecor, New Brighton,
$
urreye. Itaria.i.ud Pro Idea trade on short
oke, pIT69.
At twat, Al Low, Dover, FA. OrIICE in the. ir
tioud lidiel at
Collectione, e., Kamp y
tiended, to.
teptsea:ly.,
Dr" Marquis & Cunningham. i
~
. practicing Thrilelans. Rozhester Pa.. Waco
two doors east or Ankeny's Hotel. Prompt 111101-
don given to all call..
spr29Cci:ll.
'- - ,, f1 -- 5 , ' - rse - '• . f -P t - - - -
licasfiT Bel.9.Slratlikfir. TM!:
Fall session opened Septembor 8. 1888. This
pohoOl Po loot and socces%fally conductedby Proti
Taylor ;amt aide assistants, offers extensive coder I
es to the Classics. English and Itome. .Fcr ,Cet
&loam% addrcoS - . )t. T• TATLOtt.
Irldif
'asr Partnership,
•
J. 11. CENNINGIIAM... E. P. KUHN.
(TXXINGILLV •
A itnrnryiNt tail. Office Thin] IP treet,peaver.
NEM
p,` JEUNET.
• Watch Maker and Jeweler,
min street( Bearer, Pa. (In room adjoining J.
Wiiooll'd OMCC.) Gold. watches and throw •
.ometer repaired and warranted. Engraving
+ l ollclte
In order. The patroilege of the public is
em.l atlsfactlon naranteed. (.Ire tin
trial. •
eprIT:IIM3m; , , ,•
~ 1 nil i erlgned woul d
. re•
torm lh
te has pe c lll t • e tt n n ' On o ie f e IBnlveear
fur the practice of Dentistry. lie has had
~.....111emblehanpriance In Ms
prof.
and
11.1tIervi IMMelf to be able tei give genera! satisfac-
Bon In his lisinese.
.PrOnles In the old "Gonnly Iloter
j -
Third street,. Beaver, W. All work wamin6
rd fur mm ear. I F. it. oostiorm.
•
MEM
D R. W.
DENTIST,
Third Street, :Bearer, Pa. (Ovzn Ire LOCAL
Orrick.) Altai rtattetitnted, from Ohio. lettere
lot been foraged thd 'practice of his proles.
with one of tee best dentists In the contact.
All work executed - lu style awl at :prices de.
f. tug coropetatou.
supt43llB:ly
Deliver Ludt& Seminary.—win open on
LP the fith of September next. Pupil. received
ot every :stage of advancement. i n the Primary
Department bop, a:(1 Jr!. received Young men
Il tr l n ly n titrat o ll jlic nclpal in his own room:
‘ Our p4rposo le
h o eattriThoh the reputation or
'the' ahead oh torough -scholanblp In every
nranth 'ladled.. /t
at . Importan t that
peptic should bispeeieni at tho opening of the
arhool. and continue 'weir In thole attendance.
Haring had over one hundred enrolled during
the Nutt year, wo hope for a • large incresixe da
ring the coming year.
D. 11. A. ]PLEAS, Principal.
nugil'atf
• T. PARKER.
1111.Mli( )PATI I ICAII YS It' N LEON
Tenders his professional services to the citizens
of diochest,r and surrounding towns. ha would
'say thatte pays particular attention tti Surgery.
Illunteu s mode distingnishing discuses enables
hint to offer gin( relief to persons suffering ulth
chronic disneases. Ile will also aid thet [physi
cians ins srgery ad thedingooses of difficult cases
by haring timely notice.
Office on the Diamond, too tioors'enst of con
way's store and nearly opposite Mr. Johnson's
grocery, Moat ster, hearer county. l'a.
Deeln.
(OLDSMIT,
ilnitufactarerWhoWade. DeAlar lu. -.
CIGARS AND TOBACCO,
301.11w/IY, oppoPite Wayne St., l'inAnrgli
;.7 - I . er.ons purchasing Cigar. of hint eau al
w,,yw be sure of getting the rams article, a, Ile
mar ufaettirea them under hi. own outpervioton
and' can outnatee perfect Astlffaction.
norllarti _ .
Tt ouse Furnishing Goods,
WHOLESALE and HERM!
I' I'l'l EU, qUE NSWA It E. 'LOOKING
thaw .ow and: 'ware. Ab.o.
NVooden and Willow mare, Market and Fancy Dm , .
let.. brushew, Kitchen Setin. (loth. Wringer.
FRUIT JARS AND CANS
country Merchnnto will find It to ttw:lr advent
litre to give us a .101 And examine uur stock he
fore tnnkiuc their LEG(:A.k to..
Nn 1 . 14 Federal St., Allechtwly City, Pa.'
imps, Glasaware and i'arbon
.1. P. snrris
Ilnuancturer4 and Whole.ale Dealer.
Crud Jars and Fruit Vat in connection with
Limps. Cruindellers, (Thon.waro i•nd Carbon 011 .
trade. Manson Willoliglibf a and 'Nen man'aSelf
sealers Union, 0. K. and Cork (Ann. Jars, Hock
',wham and Tin of the cep• beat in the Market,
holesale and retail. 3090 pounds IX/, and XXX
Vrillt 'Van oat received, please 'call before pur
.
J. P. SMITH & CO.,
187 Liberty irilfwbargh,
Pl'Bsl'.
~.1.
Wholesale and Retail Dealer
rtn(t rr-E.As.
FOREIGN & DOMESTIC FRUIT,
Pickleg, Are.
All ILIcoIH of eduotry Produce -1,01,1 on row
nO.glon. non prompt retonn.mod...
'NO. 49 FEDERAL STREET,
Allegheny City, re'n
II krr: C
I ))I.IILIA & PHILLIPS,
AUCTIONEERS
LEM
COMMISSION MERCIIAMTS.
Okra Bone Auction Room,
Boots, Shoes, t; rpets, Dry Good 4
and otions
r. PLICATE SAT.. DAV AND EVF:NING.
apr2Vivklr.
WILRsCH .11c I.I.IITFORD.
No CA) Filth S
Mr
.1
la ve upw (Awned the Fives% Selection of
FALL AND WINTER
Ilt)orrsAr SHOES,
Wh they AM orillll7. It
GREAT BARGAINS
IMO
LOW PRIGS
13=9
NO. 100, MARKET STREET,
Corner of Fifth, Pittsburgh, Pa.
X. 14 ILLIIII,I
1 ,
„
s.
THE•PIigOANT'SIESSAGt
' The
. Preeldent; in his message - tip'
Cougpee.ii last week,- after ' WA' usual
denunciation of the . - reeen'structloh
faits of Congresi and the elvil tenure
WEI Titrigrfolbows:
The condition of finances &friends
As rsly`riznl Meet r~onbidetj op
orrkfi)gr.ess..:compFed . with the
grmetli fi`uriiohifliftieritiMblic ex
penditures have reachedan tunount
unpreeedented In our history. The
populetitei - Of the, United States In`
1790 was nearly four millions of we
phi; increasing , each decade about
thirtyper cent,t reached in
1861111ifrepenh millions; an increase
of sevep hundred per cent, on the
population in 1790.• In 1869, it is oil
timated it will reach thirty-eight
milktotypor,M,lperetss49f.eight bun
dreitd and slaty-eight per"cent . In
seventy-nine years.. The , -anual
penditWee thes , Federal Govenf- .
Meitt 16•17g1 were four millions two
4fuedred -thousand dollars. In 18214
eighteen mfirieniftwislemdred thou
sand dollars. IfllBso, forty one mil
lions.v. In , 1800, sixty-three
In 1865, nearly thirteen, hundred
millions; and in 1869, it is estimated
by the Secretary of the Treasury In
his last anual report that r they will
reach three .humhed afalseventy-two
millions.
By Oinpging the public disburse
- "1809 a , -itifnatedWitithose
Eli
kick
Of 1791‘;1t. will be seen ithut , the
crease Anti, the begining of our Gov
-eminent has. been eight thousand six
hundred mid-eighteen per cent, in
which the increase of the population
for the same period was only eight
hundred' and sixty-eight per dent.
'AVgainithe expenses of the 'Govern-,
ment io 1890; the year of peace im
medintely preceding the war, it is
estimated they will be_ three hen
dread and seventy millions, an in
crease of four hundred and eighty
nine per eentum, while the increase
of populatiOn was only twenty-one
per mutant for the Rune period.
These statistics further Show, that'
in 1791 the annual natimutilexpenses
compared with the population were
but little more than one dollar per
capita, and in Is6o, two dollars per!
capita, while in 1899 they will reach
!I
the extravagant sum of nine dollars
and seventy-eight 'eenttl - pet t capita.'
It will be observed that all of these
statements referred to, exhibit the
disbursements of peace periods. It
may therefore be of interest to Linn
pare the expenditures of the three
war periods, the war with Great
Britain, the Mexican war and the
war of the rebellion. In 1814 the au-,
ual ex4iensica incident to the war of
1812 Iftelled the'brghent' amount,
about $31,000,000, while our popula
tion slightly exceeded 8,000,000,'
shawing an expenditure of Only three
dialers tied eighty cents per capita.
In 1847 the expenditures growing
out of the war-with Mexico,,reached
fifty-five millions and the ' popula
tion about twenty-one millions, giv
-lug only two dollars and sixty cents
per capita for the war expenses of
that year. In 1865 the expenditure
called for by the, rebellion, reatiped
the vast amount of twelve hundred
and ninety millions, which compar
ed with as population of thirty-ibur
millions, gives thirty-eight dollars
and tWenty-eight cents per capita.
Front the ith of March, 1759, to the
311th of June, 1861, the entire expen
ditures of the Government were sev
enteen hundred millions of dollars.'
During that period we were enga
ed in wars with Great Britian and
••• ...... 4 / 1 1-
itieS With 'powerful .ice, .tribe..'
Louisiana was pnrehaged . from
France at a cost . of fifteen millions
of dollars. Florida was ceded to us
by Spain for five *millions. Califor
nia was acquired from Mexico, for
fifteen millions,and the Territory of
New Mexico was obtained from Tex
as for the often millions. Early
iu 18111 the War of the rebellitineom
menced, and frourthe first of July
of that year, to the :10th ofJune, 1895,
the public expenditures reached the
enormouS aggregate of thirty-three
' hundred aniltiotis. Three years of
peace have intervened, and during
that tints the disbumemellts of the
government have successively been
$520,009,000, 8346,000,000, 393,000,00.
Adding to these amounts three hun
dred and seventy-two millions esti
mated us necessary am the tised year
ending the 811th of June, 1569, we ob
tain a total expenditure of sixteen
hundred millions of dollars during
the four years immediately succeed
ing the war, or nearly as much as
was expended the seventy-two years
that preceded the rebellion, and em
braced the extraordinary expendi
tures already mulled, these startling
facts clearly illustrate the tweessity
of retrenchment in all branches of
the nation will not be endured by
the peopleiiow, that profound peace
prevails. The receipts from internal
revenues and customs lave, , during
the east three years, gnulually di
mitushed,,jand the continuance of
useless and extravagant expendi
tures will involve us in National
Bankruptcy or else make inevitable
an increase of taxes already too one-
rous, and, in many respects, obnox
ious un atvinnit el their inquisitorial 1
charaCter. One, hundred millions
:mildly are expended for the mill
i tary force, a large portion of which
is employed inithe execution of laws
death unnee~ry and unconstitution
al. One Itundrol and flfty nnillions
are required each year to pay the in
terest on the public debt. Au army
of tax gatherers impoverishes the
nation, and public agents, placed by
Congress beyond the control of the
Executive, divert from their legiti
mate purposes large sums of money,
which they collect from the people
!in the name of the Government.
Judicious legislation and prudent
j economy can alone remedy defects,
and avert evils, which, if suffered to
! exist, (limed fail
publicii co
dence in the councils; and
weakeii the attachment and _respect
of the people toward their political
institutions.. Without • proper care
the smut' balance which it is estima
ted will remain ht the Treasury at
the close of the present fiscal year
will not be realized, and additional
millions be added te.n.debt which is
now enumerated by billions. It is
shown by the Oh. And comprehen
sive report of the Secretary of the
Treasury that the fecelpts for the Its
cal year ending June 90th, 1868, were
tl4s,taBpt:l, and that the expends
titres for the same period were $377,-
349 0 0 . Leaving in the Treasury n
surplus 828'2,977,09 8 . It is estitna
ted that the receipts (luring the pres
ent tiscatyear ending June alith, 1869,
will he $311,392,5e5, end the expendi
tures 8316,1:4,470. Showing a! small
j balance of 85,210,398 in favor,. of the
GoVernment for t he fiscal yeurending
' June:loth, 1870.. It is estimated that
the receipts will amount to =7,000,-
000, and the expenditures to 8303,
451,000, leasing an estimated surplus
of 8:24,000,00t1.
It becomes proper in this eonnec
(ion to make a brief reference to our
publie Indebtedneses, which has ticeu
mulated with such attaining rapid
ity and assumed spelt colossal propor
tions. In 1789; - when the Govern
ment commenced operations under
the
d Federal - Constitution, it was burs
oted - with nn indebtedneYofseven
tv-tive millions of dollars, created
(luring the war of Ow Reeolution.
This amount had been stelaced. to
forty-five million of dollars, whep,
in C B l 2 , war was declared against
Great j3rltuin, The three years'
struggle that followed largely inerea
• •-
feet, Pit Wm Nl'
=1
.... - 74iiiit:::` , "
. ~,
. 1 ..:„.•._, .;:..1.-;/!,
ME
=I
;SettheMattmal obllgationsiond in
1818 they li ilattaitied , .the - suni! of
Fonehundred and twenty-seven mil-,
lions. , Wise and economical ligisla-•
tion;hOwever enabled the • Gknier*,
meat to pay ; to entire tittibuntwith-.
in it period e twenty years, mid' the:
extlngriSbnient of the national debt.
flUedike,linitt . witti rejoicing, luta
was one o(ol43g:eat events of
dent Jackson's admtulstrathin. - Af
ter its redistiptlOn; . ,6 large, fund - re-.
ntilined t 4e Ileisnutirhich twos
deport' • lade Iteo With' the
Several El " .oti 'Condi on that It
ateark4 be' t a rred when required
by the : pu e :Wants. In 1848, - the
year after the tette ~ * ar t len of an .;
ex
pe.nalVe War with 7ir . co, We fotuul
[ ourselves involved In'alebt of.alr,
four millions andthlawaSthetUttourit
[ O/041 by the. Eltiveitimehr iir.,850,
'List prior. tit the outbreak Otthe ribW.
lion, . In'thespring i;4'188I Otir el
War annuteneed; . each year its
..continuanci3.mideatietiaddlt
lion to, the debt; and. when,: in ' the;
spring of 1865, the patlonsucse
emerged ftriui the contilet,.the obits
gations of 1 the .: GoVernment:.htid,
1 4,
reaehedllie_hinnense stun of Rile,
Kr 2,909. The Secretary ;of the
Any, shows that on' the first , - yr.:. f
Noveinbero ;1867;, this intioid d
been-reduced to 82,491,54.4,450, - bUt t
the same time hie report exhibits an
increase during the past year of 8:34,-,
625,102, for ithedebt on the first , day;
of November last is Mated to have
been $2,5274,552, . It is estimated
by the Secretary that the returns Ibr
the past month .wlll add to our lia
bilities the further, sum of eleven
millions, making atotal increasedu
ring thirteenjmonthsof forty-six and
a half millions.
- In my message to Congress of be.
eember -4th, 1865, it was suggested
, that the policy should be devised,
which, without being oppressive to
the people' would at once begin to
effect a reduction of the debt, and. if
persisted in, discharge it fully with
in a definite number of years. :The
'Secretary ef the Treasury forcibly
recommends legislation of this char
acter, and justly urges that the long
er it i 14 deferred the more difficult
must become its accomplishment.—
We should follow thewise precedent
established in 1789 and 1816, and
without ilirther delay make provi
'don 'bribe payment of our obliga
tions at us!early a period as may be
practicable. The fruits of their %-
hors shoo* be enjoyed by our citi
zens, rather than be used to build up
and sustain moneyed monopolies in
our own and other lands. Our for
eign debt isnlreiuly computed by the
Secretary 'of the Treasury at $B-50,000,-
000. . (Adieus of foreign countriesre
ceive interest upon a largeportion of
Our securit les,and American tax-pay
ers aremade to contribute large stuns
'for theirsapport. Theideathatench
a debt IS to become permanent,
should helot all times discarded, as
taxation is too heavy to be borne,
and the payment once in every six
teen years at the present rate of in
terest, of lan amount equal to the
original sum. This vast debt, if r,
mitted to become permanent and in
crea.sing, must eventually begather
ed into the hands of a few, and ena
ble them to exert a dangerous _ and
controlling power in theaffairscifthe
Government.. The borrowers would
become servants to the lenders the
lenders Masters of the people. ' We
now pride ourselves upon having
given freedom to four millionsof the
colored Mee. It will theca be our
shame that forty millions of people,
by their own toleration of usUrpation
and profligacy, have suffered them
selves to bt:ssuneettalavyd anti i :„. 4 . , ,,, 4
litntlONSCrieftl . - , :..
bondho t tx and tax gatherers. Be
sides, anent debts pertain to
monarchial governments, and tend
ing to inOopolies, perpetuities and
class legislation are totally irrecon
cilable With free institutions. Intro
duced into our (republican system
they would gradually but surely sap
its foundations and eventually sub
vert our i govenunental fabrfe and
erect open its ruins a Moneyed ar
istocracY. It is our sacred duty to
transmit unimpaired toourposterity I
the bleniings of liberty which were
bequeathed to us by the founders of
the its p ublic, and' by our example
teach those who are to follow us
carefully to avoid the dangers which
'mitten n free anti Independent peo-
pie. i
Various plans have been proposed
for the payment of the public debt.
However they may have varied as
to the time mid mode in which it
should be redeemed, there seems to
be a general concurrence as to the
propriety and justness of a reduction
in the piesent rate of interest. The
Secrete* , of the Treasury, In his his
report, recommends five per cent.—
Congreils; in a bill passel prior toed-' t
journm ton the Yith of July last,'
n
agreed upon four and a half'
per cen ~ while by many three per
cent., h s been held to be an iunply
sufficient return for the ,Investment.
The general impression as to the exor
bitancy _id' the existing rate of inter
est has led to au inquiry in the pub
lic mind respectingthe consideration
which the Government has actually
received for its bonds, and the con
clusion is becoming prevalent that
the amount which it obtained was
in real money, three or four hundred
per cent, less than the obligations
which lit basad in return. 'lt cannot
' be denkl that we are paying ah-ex
-1 travagant leer -tentage for the use of
the *Rey borrowed, which was pa
' per currency, greatly depreciated be-
I tow the value of clan. This fact is
made imparent when we consider
' that bondholders receive from the
Treasury, upon each dollar they own
in GovernnWnt securities, six per
' cent. lin gold, which is nearly, or
quite, equal to nine per cent. in
huirency. That the bonds are then
' conceited into capital for the Nation
aillatiks, upon which these institu
tions issue their circulation,
bearing
-six per cent interest; and that they
are excmpt from taxation by the
Government and the States,, and
thereby enhanced two per cent in
the liands of the holders. We ,thus
have an aggregate of seventeen per
cent, Which may be the owners of
tkiveinment securities. ..I.: system
that produces such results is justly
regarihsl 1 1 1 i favoring a few at theex
penselof the ninny and has led to
the further inquiry whether our
bondholders, in view of the large'
profitls which they have enjoyed
would themselves be averse to a
settleMent of our indebtedness upon '
a plan which would yield them a
fair remuneration, and at the same
tine be just to the taxpayers of the
nation. Our national credit should
be sacredly observed, but in making
provision for creditors we should not '
forget what is due to the masses of I
the people. At may be assumed that'
the holders of our securities have al- I
rerdy melee(' upon their donds
largeriunonnt thtui their original in a -
I '
vestments, measured by It gold stan
dant.' Upon this statement of (seta'.
it would become just and equitable
that 4ix per cent interest now paid
by the Government should be applied 1
to the rffluction of the principal In
t'emilanual nvitallplents which in six
sewovuettleelinquiTt7 d n i m e id ePro 1 11
141 ' 1in ' t n i rl
-debt; six per cent. in gold would at I
1q .rates ,be equal to uine p6r
semi in (Wrenn', and equivalent to
the payment ileht one and a half
timeis in a fraction kw itiao seventeen
year'
T 1
• F. ---
s I.M.Onnetiion with all the other
intagei ,derived from their Invest
1-, would oftbrd tithe public red-
adv.
mem
I
15111
ME
ER
11111
Ewer Pa
item it fair arid literal conmensatien
ibr.thensts of their 'Capital and with•
thbs they. abOnld ,be satisAest - The
lessons 'of. the past' aditionish the
lender. !bit, " it, Is Well to he' 'oikti
anxious . exacting flordthelanivitti
efritritteompliance with the letterOf
theigard.' If provision be madd for
the payment of 'the hulebtethreai - !of
the .Government In, the - Imaruter
suggeeted; one nation will rapidly
sums ids wonted prosperity.. Its In
terest .require • that; same measure
shonid'be -taken to rblease the huger
amount of tapital Invested lathe ill'
,curitiet of the. government. It Is net
novri*lrsui ~prodbellve, but inlts.V
akin. ann talr4Tws :one hem- .
dred'and fifty 'dollars 'Which
would "othcrwitsi. - flied by our
terprising people - . In adding to tlit
:wealth' of the Nation. - Our cea V
seree, which' at. one.. time sir
7rivalled that of th L ' garitlide
„Powers, has ritOldly: .ed, and
our industrial irateare in- ado'.
pressed and;leirnprishing.
The development of our 4
ble reisourcealseheeked,:ifr od L
*tile lel& of the South ars'
waste for :want of metinato.
Withthe release of •capital,.. vt.
- would be kiNsetlinto — the • .t•
energlesef I'oo people; an.
and, Niger' iniParted.to every'bran 3,
,of Industry Our people neon encour
agement in their efforts to receiver
from the effects of the reduction and
of, injudhlous legislation. And it,
*Wild ; tie the, aim of the .govern
ment to stimulate them by . .the pros
pmt of an-early relessafrom the 44r
dens which impede their: prosperity.
If Wei cannot take the burdes frcan
their shoulders we should; at • lotbst
manitbst a Willingness to help to.
,1 7 1 ..
them. ,In referring to the 'conditi
of the, circulating ,media s
merely reiterate . substantialltr-Vatt
portion of my- last 'antral'taisenge
which relates to - that subjat.i . The
proportion - Which the currency Of
any country should bear to the whole
value of the annual produce &WI - a
ted by its means is a questionuppn
which political amouru ist , t have not
agreed, nor can it be controlled by
legislation; but must be left to; the
irrevocable laws which everywhere
regulate commerce and trade. The
circulating meditun will ever irresis
tibly flow to.those ppolns where It is
in greatest demand. The law of de=
nand and supply Is as unerring as
that which regulates the tides of, the
ocean • and, Indeed, currency, like
the tide", '' has its ebbs and flows
throughout the world. At the begin'
ning of the rebellion the bank oohs
circulation of the county tunounted
to not much more than two hundred
millions of dollars. • Now the vino
!mien of national' bank notes, and
those know as legal-tenders, Is netriV
seven hundred millions, while It is
urged by; some that this amount
should be increased, others contend.;
lug that a'decided reduction is abso
lutely
eseential to the best interests
of the country. In view of theelli
verse opinions it may be well to as
certain the real value of oar paper is
sues when compared with a metallic
or convertible currency. For ' this
purpose let us Inquire how much
gold and ,silver could be purchased
by the seven hundred milli - ore of pa
per currency now in circulation
Probably not more than half .the
amount of the latter, showing that
when our paper currency is compared
with gold and silver, its commercial
utility. is tompreessi into three'lls
dred and 1 fifty millir This
lag fact makes it Ur
the Goverruneu*
COT
to convert them without
cia or its equivalent. A todut_ of
our paper circulating medium; may
not nemssarily follow. This howev
er, would depend upon the law Of de
mand and supply; though it should
be borne , in mini that by making le
gal-tender and bank notes converti
ble into coin or its equivalent, their
present specie value, in the hands of
their holders, would be enhanced one
hundred, per cent. Legislation for
the aceonoplishment of a result:3o de
sirable is dynamited by the highest
put - flit:considerations. The Constitu
tion tnntem plates that the circulating
medium of the country shall ix. um
fond in quality am! value. At the
time of the forntation of that instru
ment, the country had just emerged
from the war of the revolution, and
was suffering from the effects of a re
dundant and worthless paper curren
cy. The sages of that period were
' anxious, toprotect their posterity
i from the evil which they themselves
had experienced. In providing a
circulating medium, they conferred
upon Congress the power to coin mon-
ev and regulate the value thereof; at
the same dine prohibiting them from
making anything but gold and sliver
tender in payment of debts. ,
The anomalous condition of our
currency Is in striking &admit withl
that which was originally designed.
Our circulation now embraces, first,
notes of the National Banks' which I
are made reeivable for all dud+ to the,
Govemmentkxcepting imports, and
I by all its creditors excepting in pay.j
ment of interest upon its bonds and,
the securities themselves; second,
gal tender notes, issued by, the Uni
ted State:3, and which the law re
quires shall be received as well in
payment of all debts between chi-
zeta as of all Government dues, ex
cepting imports; and, third, gold and
silver coin. By the operation of our
present system of finance, however,
the metallic currency when collected
is reserved only for one elass'of gov
ernment creditors who holding its
bonds, semi-annually receive their
interest in min from the National I
Treasury There Ls no reason which'
will be accepted as satisfactory by
the peiople why three, who defend us
on Welland and protct usonthe sea ;
' the pensioner upon the gratitude of
the nation; bearing the sears and
wounds received while In its, service;
the public servants in the various de-,
partments of the t lovernment; the.,
farmer who' sup glies the soldiers of
the army and the sailors of thenavy;
the artisan who toils in the work
gloms or the mechanies and laborers,
who inild its edifices and construct
Its forts and vessels of war, and in
payment of their just and hard tiara
-ed dots receive depredated paper,
Whilennotber class of their country
men no more deserving are paid in
min of gold and silver. Equal and
exact justice requires that all credit
ors oftheGovemment should be paid
in a currency passe :sing uniform val
ue. This can only be actnmplished
'by the restoration of currency to the
standard established by the Constitu
tion, and by this means we Would re
move a discrimination which may,
if it has not already to, create a prej
mike that may beconie deepened
and wide 7 spread, and Imperil ena
tioniil
a
codit. The feasibility of ma
kin our .currency correspond with
the constitutional standard may be
seen by a reference to a few facts de
rived from our commercial atatistics.
Tile hgregitte products o 4 precious
metals in the United Matta from
1849 to 1867 amounted to .$1174,000,
000, while for the mine perilsl the net
exports of specie were $741,000,000.
This shows an excess of product over
ittexpoTts of -iff,1,000,000. There are
in_the treasury i#llll l 407 985 in coin.
In circulation!ill ti tstato on the
Pacific mast *40,000000,_ and a few
millions in the National and other
banks, in all less than one hundred
and ,' sixty millions. Taking 'into
consideration the spode in ;the coun
try prior to 1849 and that produced
since 1867, and we have more than
I-
Omit! ht
1119_41-
!biting,
maii9st
rtiaE
orbiter" cape
Th r Oyt sboW
C 4 ir
gold PLOT
apd
ThWe may
created
tiOa'it,
if
purposts
sonabib t
'able; 3.
'Netwii
lieople
aerirentya re
k,
rcllcY,
wrixiariern
and all or
article of h,
enhazwemeni
is hulispeasabi
people,• it will
abolish our -
nation the
to such . I our
griffin; - bul
iL' Tla )weVor, '
When the ~Monet •
'llifika Shoulo Ice the
mest . efftclete call nee
eamy art* -specie
payments c , Mango !
rated by the id banks;
and the value m [mutation
would directly a; .te a specie
standard. Speck .tents having
been maimed . by; Government
and banks, all not hills of paper
lamed by either of liwodenomination
than twenty del 'it
la*
hould„by law,
be excluded from - Winn, so that
the people may , the benefit and,
cent enienee of • a "and silver cur
roier, which, in il - their busine.s
transactions, will he;tiniform in val
ue •at ' hems and :abroad. : Every
men of propel*: or industry;
'every man who ' dellires to preserve
what he honestly puteetses, or to ob
tain what he am honestly earn, has;
a direct interest In thaintainincea safe
circulating niedbrai... such a medium
us shall ' be red' attesubstantial ; not
liable to vibrate. With opinions; not
subject to be blown.down by the
breath of speculation; but to be made
stable and secure. A disordered cur-'
V
rency is one of greatest political
evils. ; ,It and - ; the virtue;
nccektary for the port ofthe social
system, and en . propensities
destructive of its Maw. It wars
against industry, guilty and econ
omy, and it foaterathe evil spirits of
-extravagance and:: r•ieclation. It has
been cc.serted by lour profound
and mast ' , that of all
filie eontr i the la
boring e lone has
been tat t which
deludes )11ey.—
ThiS . haven
i fields
crow.
My
tic. !ion enough, . an
enough, of thecietrn—ing tendon-.
cy, the injustice, anti the intolerable
oppression on the virtuous and Well
disposed, of a degraded paper curren
tw, authorized by law, or any - way
countenanced by the Ciovernment.—
it is one of the most succeisfuldevi
ces in times of Is-Amor war, of expan
sions or revulsion», lei accomplish the
transfer of all the precious metals
from the great massof the people in
to the hand of .the few, where they
are hoarded in secret places, or della:-
Red, under belts anti bars while the
people are left, to endure all the Mein
veniences, sacrifices and ilemondie-.
zadion t resulting from the use of '
depreciated and worthless piper.
The secretary of the Interior, in his ,
report; gives valuable information in•
reference to the interests confined to'
the supervision of his Department,
and reviews the operations of the
Land Office, Pension Office, Patent
Office and the Indian Bureau. Due'
ing the fiscal year ending June 30th, I
1868, six millions six hundred and '
fifty-five thousand seven hundred
acres,
of public land were disposed of. I
The entire cash receipts of the Gen
oral
Land Office for the same period
were 81,632,745; being` greater by
$1N4,883 than the amount. realized I
from the same sources during the 1
previous year. The entries under
the Homestead law cover two mil
lions three hundred 'and twenty-eight
thousand nine hundred'and twenty-'
three acres, nearly one fourth of
which was taken lunder the act of
June 21st, 1866, which applies only to
the States of Andean; Missisippi,
Louisiana, Arkansas; and -Florida.—
On the 30th of June, -1868, one Jinn
tired - and sixty-ninel thoumnd, six
hundred and forty-threenames were
born on the pension rulls, and during
the Year ending on that day, the to
tal amount pail for Pensions,
ding the expenses of-disbursements,
was 821,010,082, being 8.5411,025 great
er than that expended 11) pur
oases during the preceding year.—
During the year ending the 30th of 1
September last, the expenses of the
Patent Office exceeded the receipts by
one hundred and -seventy-one dollars
and including reissues and designs,
fourteen thousaml dm& hundred and
fifty-three pdents ' were issued.—
Treaties with various Indian tribes
have been concluded, and will be sub-
ridded to the Senate for its constitu
tional
action. I cordially sanction
the stipuhitions _which provide for
reserving land for the xarious tribes, ,
where they, may be encouraged to
abandon their nomadic life, and en
gage in Agricultural and industrial
pursuits. This policy, inaugurated 'I
many years since, has met with sig- ,
nal success whenever it has been Pur
sued in good faith and' with becone
log liberality by the United States.—
The necessity far extending it as far
as practicable in our relations with
the aboriginal population is greater I
now than at any preceding period.—
Whilst
we :furnish -subsistent* and
instructions to the Indians, and guar
antee the undisturbed .enjoyment of
their treat{ rights, we should habit,
ually inset upon the faithful ohserv
anee of their agreement to remain
within their respective reservations.
This is the only mode by which these
collisions with other tribe,: and With
the whites can be avoided, and the
safety of our frontier settlements se
cured. "The companies constructing
the railway from Omaha to Seem,
mentii have been most enefgetically
engpged In piaseeuting the work,
and it Ls believed that the . . line- will
be completed before the expiration of
the next fiscal year. The six per
cent. bonds issued - to these commie*
amounted en ._the r fifth instant to
8-14,337,000, Mat additithud wort: bad
beep perldrfacxl top the extent 0f3, 7
200,000, The Sceretarx of the iiitet
lot In 'August laid, 'invited my atten
tion to the report of a Director of the
- Union Pacific 'Railroad Company,
who had been specially instructed to
examine the location, construction
.
• '
1.1)1:1868.
,_ men t toad; and
11
Aclitaini theTopielon of the Ae-
Oniey , .oineral *tale questions'in
-regard bilhe ritliWty of the Ezra
.utlve, while upon this report,
gral Oat:o6'olth had - from to
time tiera presented by the COmmi+
*Mem appointed - to - examine this
Other-lines, and have recently '
WWI - fitted 'astatement of their Imes
diuttious, of which the report of the
Secretary, Of the • Interior Art 111141144
Spada information. -' •
The.repOrt.of the Secretary of War
kraitalns information of interest, re
sifelilingi the several Bureaus of the
War - Deprirtment and the operatisis
'of the army. The strength ...qf bur
military ferce.on the 30th of Septens- -
bet last, Was 48,000
,Men, and it is
ciniaputed that: this' number will he
decreased to 43,000. It isthe ophaloh
of the Segetary of War, that withi
the nextye„w onside/able, &pint
thin of the. infantry force may be
*Made without detriment to Inter
'est Of the country, and in view of the
great eXpetse attending the nrilltark
1
establishment - and the nbselute tweets-
Shy of retrenchment, wherever ltcayt
be applied; It iri hoped, that Congreas
UM sanction thereduction *Whirls
report recommends. While in 1f3111),
sixteen thousand' three hundred men
cost, the nation $16,472,000.1 The sum
of $05,682,000 is estimated as necePa
ir 'therapy& of the Army; du
ringthe fiscal year, endlng.Tune 30th,
1 Thkestimates °Mai debt, for
the 'last two fiscalyews, were for
1867; $53,814,461, and for 1868;442.V
205 Nd, The actualexpenditures
during:the same periods were mpect
-95,224,415 and $1M,216,648.--
The estimate submitted - in December
fot the fiscal year endin June
110th, 1869; was $77,124,7(C e ex
penditures for the tiratt ,q er, end
ing the 30th of tieptetnber last, were
$27,219,117, and 'the Secretary or the
Treasury t 66,000,
_llOO as the
amount which will lifobably be re
quirei during the rejhulalng three
quarters, If there Slibuld'be"rk• re
duction of the Arnvi, making nine ,
rigate east for the year considerably
In excess of ninety-three millions.—
The difference between the.ertimates
and expenditures, for the three fiscal
years which have been named, is thus
shown to be $175,545,313 for this sin
gle branch of public serviee.
The report of the Secretary of the
Navy exhibits the operations of that
department and of the Navy during
the ; year. A considerable reduction
of the forte has been effeeted. • There
are forty-two ' vessels carrying four
hundred and eleven guns in the six
squadronS which are , mtablished in
different parts of the world. Three
Of. these vessels are returning to the
United States and are for used - 11.4
storeship4, lemingthe actual cruising
force thirty-five ves*ls, tarrying
three hundrisl and fifty-six guns.—
The total number of vcvs.ds in the
Navy is two hundrctiand six mount
ing seventeen hundred and forty three
guns. Eighty one vessels of every
descviption are in use, armed with
six hundred and ninety six grins.—
The number of enlisted men in the
service, including apprentlees has
been mimed to eight thorequal five
hundred. An increase of navy yard
facilities is neommendtal us a mea
sure which Will, in the event of war,
be promotive or economy and sreur
ity. A more thorough and system
atic survey of the North Pacific
prier is advised, in view of our re
cent acquisitions, our expanding
tellurium., and the increasing inter
course between the Pacific States and
Asia., •The Naval Pension Fund,
chi - of - moiety of the
lug been made against the refusal. It
wail promptly overruled, and the
Wasp therefore manned her errand,
received Mr. Witshburneand family
and conveyed them toa safeand eon
venient seaport: In the nieanthne
an excited controversy luularhsen be
tween-the President, of Paragunv mid
the United States Minister which it
Is undergbiod grew Mit of his proceed
ings in giving asylum in the United
States legatiou to alleged enemies of',
that Bet:utile. The question togive
asylum is one always - elifticult '
'nuctofteli productive of great ember
nissinent • in. States well organized
-und-cstablished. Foreign powers re
fuse
either to concede or exercise that
righteXcept to persons
.adually be-' 1
longing to the Diplomatic service.—
II Orr the ether hand all such powers in
sist upon'exercisimr the right of asy- '
lum in States where the Jaw of na-
Bons is not fully ackneWledged, re'
spected and obeyed[ The President
of Paraguay is understood to b r lt ee Lsi-
to .ilr. Washburtie's p -
ri7, l owing to the injurious and very,
improbable charge of personal com- -
plicity in insurrection and treason.--:
- The corriamondence, however,' has
not reitched the United' States. Mr.
Washhilme iu connection with , the
controversy represents that two Unix
ted States' citizens attached to the le-'
.gatlon were arbitrarily seized at 'his
side when ledeing the capital of Para-
guay, committed toprison, and there
subjected to torture for thepurpose of
procuring confessions of their own
criminality, and testimony to support
the President's allegations against
the United States Minister.
Mr. McMahon, the newly appoint
ed minister to Par quay saying that
he heaLrefiched the La Nate, has been
instructed to proceed without delay
to Asunscion, thereto investigate the
whole subject. The Rear Admiral,
commanchng the United StatetSouth
Atlantic Squadron, has been directed
to attend the new. Minister With a
proper naval force, and to sustain
suchjust denumds as the occasion may
require, and to vindicate the rights
of the United States citizens referred
to, and of any others who may be ex
wised to danger in the theatre of war.
With these exceptions, friendly . rein
y times have been maintained between
the United States and Brhzil and Par
-1 aguay. Our relations during the,, rest
1- year with Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru
Chili have become especially friendly
and cordial. Spain and the Republits
olPeru,Bolivin and Ecuador have ex
pressed their willingness to accept
the meditations of the United States
for terminating the war upon the
South Pacific Coast, Chili has not fi
nally declared upon the question. In
the m eantime the eontlict has pructi
(ally exhausted itself, since no being-,
erent or hostile movement has been
made by either party during the last,
two years, and there are no indica-.
tion of a present purpose .to resume
hostilities on either side. Great
Britain and France have cordially
seconded our propositions of media
tion and' I do not forego the hope that
it may soon be accepted by all the
billegerents, and lead to a secure es-I
tablishment of peace and friendly re
lations between the Spanish-Ameri
can Republicsof the Pacific and Spain.
—ii result which would be attended
with common benefits to the being;
erents, and much advantage to all
eommereial nations. I communi
cate for the consideration ofongress
a correspondence which shows that
the Bolivian Republic has establish;
el the extrethely liberal principle of
receiving into its citizenship any cit
izen of the United States, or of any
other of the ' siericon Republics, up
condition of voluntary
e
,„„oe,..sp=iondence here
tens. ....ti loam,. buy- *n xret ess li
al chednnsita .l •
: --"k-
- -I'-
.Ilili
ernment "by the Secretary ti.S_ trustee, earthquakes of unparalleled severity
to three 'per cent.Onstead of six per in the Republics of Peru, Ecuador
cent., which was originally stipule- _and Bolivia. The diplomatic agency
ted when the investment was made. and naval officers of the United
An amendment of the Pension laws Slates who were present in these
Is suggested to remedy omissions and countries at the time of these (liras
defects in existing enactments. The tors, furnished all the relief in their
expenditures of the department du- power to the sufferers, and were
ring the last fiscal year were $2Ol,- promptly rewarded with grateful
201 94, and the estimates for the and touching acknowledgments by
coining year amount to 820,103,314. the Congress of Peru. An appeal to
The Postmaster General's report fur- the charity of our fellow citizens has
aisles alull and clear exhibit of the been answered by much liberality.—
opmations and condition of the iie- In this connection I submit an appeal
tel service. The ordinary postal which has been made by the Swiss
revenue for the fiscal year ending- Republic, whose government and in-
June 30th, lsole, was $15,292,400, and stitutions are kindred to our own, in
the total expenditures, embracing all !quilt of its inhabitants, who are cuff-
the service for which special appro- em: extreme destitution, produced
petitions have bean made by ('on- by recent inundations. Our relations
gress, amounted to $22,7:10,392, with Mexico during the year have
showing an excess of expenditures of been marked by an increasing growth
$6,437,771, deducting &clothe expeu- of mutual confidence. The Mexican
ditures .the sum of $1,896,:i2.1. Government has not ,vet acted upon
.The aniount of appropriations for the treaties celebrated herr last sum
ocean, steamship and other special mer, for establishing the rights of Me
' serviceS, the excess of expenditures turalized citizens upon a liberal and
was $4,541,466. By using an unex- just' basis for regulating Consular
I pendeel, balanea in the Treasury of powers, and for the adjustment ,Of
*3,800 000, the actual sum for which mutual claims. All commercial na
..
a speci t
al. appropriatien is required to lions as well as friends of Republican
meet the deficiency, is $7,412,66. The Justutions4 have °cession to regret the
elutes which prWuced this large ex- 'frequent local disturbances which des
eess; of expenditure over revenue, cur in sonic of tie constituent States
were the restoration of service in the of Columbia. _stilling has occurred,
hiteinsurgent States, and the putting however, to affect the harmony and
into operation of the- new service es- cordial friendship which have for
tabfished by acts of Congress, which several years existed between that
amounted within the hen two years youthful and vigorous republic and
and a half to about forty-eight thous- our own. Negotiations are pending
and seven hundred miles, equal to with a view to the survey and Len
more than one-third of the whole struction of a ship' canal aieross the
amount of the service at the close of isthmus of Ihirien, under the t 111.4 1-
the wear. New instal conventions ces of the United States. I hope I to
with, Great Brittam, North Germ- submit the result of that negotiation
ny,. Belgium, the Netherlands, to the Senate during its present sis-
Switzerhual, and Dilly, respectively, shin. The very liberal treaty which
have been tarried into effect under WILN entered into last year by the tin
their provisions; important approv- ted States and Sicarauga, has le en
ids have resulted in the reduced rates ratified by the latter Republic. Cos
of international postage, anti the en- to Rico, with the mrms s tness of a ,6e
larged mail theilities with European temfriendly neighbor Pencils reeil
countries. The cost of the United rocity of trade which I Minuend, il.)
States trans-Atlantic Oeean Mail ser- the eonsiderution of ('o egress. The
vice, since January lit, 1668, has been convention crated by'
treaty he
largely lessened Under the operation tween the United States ind Venein
of these new conventions; it rcslue- -41 a, in July 150', for the, mutuaLaid
thin of over one-half having been af- justment of claims, lias been held,
fected under the new arrangement and its"datisions have been -received
-for (keen mail steamship service, ut the Department of State. The
which went into effect on that date. heretolnre mcognized GoVeninfent
The attention of (Owe:is is invited ' of the United States of Venezuela has
to the practical suggesAient.' and rte- been subverted, a Provisional Gov
ommendations made in his report, by eminent having leen instituted, un
the Past-master etenend. tier circumstances which promise du-
No hilted:ant question has (mimed rability. It has Igen formally moll s
during the last year in ouraccustomed nized. I have beell reluctantly obit
cordial and friendly intercourse with ged io ask explanation and satisfse.
I Cestaitica, thiataniala, Honduras, lion for national injuries tommitted
San Salvador, France '
-Austria Beig- by the President of Hayti. The po
[ ium,-, Switzerland, Portugal, The Mimi and social condition of the re-
I Netherlands, Denmaik,Sweden,and publics of Hayti and St. Domingo
; Nor Way, itome,Greete,Turkev, Per- are very unsatisfactory and painful.
I sia, Egypt, Liberia, Morocco, Tripoli. 1 The abolition of slavery, which has
Tunis, Muscat, Shun Borneo, d been curried . into effect throughout
Madagascar. (.
ortlial' an
relatiOns havel the Island of St. Domingo and I the
I also been maintained with the :Ars 1 entire \Vest Indies, except the; Span
! gentine,and the Oriental Republier. : I ash islands of Cuba and Porto Rico,
, The expressed evish oft'ongress that) has been followed by a profound pap*'
our national good offices might be Mar conviction of the rightfulness of
tendered to those Republks, initials° Republimn institutions and am' in
to Brazil and Paraguay, for bringing tense desire to secure them, The at- I
1
Ito ascend the contnuous war which them, to establish Repub
has l e long been raging in the valley tits encounters many obstacles '
of the Umtata . , has been assiduously most of which may be supposed to
complied with anti fully acknowie- result from long indulged habits of
dged by all the belligerents. That colonial supineness and dependence
impeirtantnegotiation, however, has upon European powers. I
thus far been without result., While the United have on all oc-
Charles A. Washburn, late U. S. ' elisions professed a decided unwilling
3iinister to Paraguay having resigned nes.; that any part . of this' continent
and , tieing desirous tei return to the 'or of its adjacent islands shall be made
United States; the Rear Admiral a teatre for a new estublishment of
'commanding the South Atlantic monar h chial power, too little leas been
Squadron was early directed to semi :done by its on the_ether hand to .at
a ship of war to Ascension, the cup's ' tach the communitie4 by which We
tato( Paraguay, to receive Mr. Wash- are surrounded to earr own country ,
hurne and his family, and remove- or to lend evea a moral support to,
therm from n' situation which was i the effoets they are so resolutely and ,
th- !
representest to be endangered iiy few- ~ so col:shindy making to secure gel
tionand foreign war. The Brazillian ' limn institutions ter themselves. It',
comma I
commander of the allied invading is indeed a question offouve consider. I
forces refived penal:Ann to the Wasp 1 ation whether our recent and present
toi passthremgh theblobicaeing forces, example is not talcukited to check
and that vessel returned to its accus- i the growth and expansion of arse
'Mined - anchorage, remonstnince hay- : prineiphs, And make these connnut
"- I • • :
of
lob
tweet
S
the
dent
MiMIEEM
teltabishid 1811
pities dlstruet If not dread a Alcmene
extent which at wiliamsigns to
Lary dominition States that ate . bite;
Tral parts of our
,Federal Union, and
While reedy to resist any attempts by
other nations to extend to this hemis
phere the monarchial , inetltutioue of
Europe,.aistrumest toetablish -over a
tarp •
portion of iteneople urnlentore
'desolate, harsh and tyraimkal than
any known to civilised powers. The •
to of Alaska was Made with
the view of extending the mitienal •
jurisdiction and republican principles
on the American hemisphere.
Believing that a further step could
tie taken.in the sauce direction I last
Stan enteral into a treaty with the
King of Denmark for the purchase Of
the Island St. Thomas and St. John,
en the best termsthen attainable, and
with the trxprest consent of, the peo
ple of three Islands. This treaty
still remains • under conaideration in
the Senate. Anew • convention has
been enteral into with Denmark, en
busing the time fixed for the final
ratifladion of the original treaty.
,Compteheneive - National Wks/
!wocateeent to • sanction the acquisi
tion and incorporation into our Fed
eral Union, of the several adjacent
continentarand insular eommunities
as speedily as it am be donepeaceful
ly, lawfully and without any viola
tion or mellow)! justice, faith or hon
or. Foreign poreastion or control of
those connuunities has hitherto ren
dered the grovith and Impaired the
'lnfluence ofthe United States. Citron-
lc revolution and anarchy there would
be equally injuritius. Each one of 1
them when firmly eetablished as an
independent Republic,or when in
corporated into the United States
would be a new source of strength
and power. Conforming My admin
istration to .three principles, I have
on no occasion lent support
or tolera
tion to unlawful expeditionsset on
foot upon the plea ofrepublican pro
pagandism or of national extension
or agrand Pment. The necessity
,
however, of repressing; such unlawful
movements clearly indicates the du
ty which rests upon US of adapting
our legislative action to the new
circumstances of the decline of Euro
ran monarchial power and influent*
and the increase of American repub
lican ides, interests and tiympathies..
It cannot be long before it will be
come necewauy for this government
1 to lend some effective aid to the sole
tion,of the political and social prob
lems. which are continually kept be
fore the world by the two republics
of the Island of St. Domingo, and
which are now disclosing themselves
more distinctly than heretofore in
the Island of Cuba. The subject be
commended In your consideration
with all the more earnestness bemuse
I am satisfied that the time has unit
ed wheileeeu so direct a proceeding
as a proposition for an annexation of
the two republics of the island of St.
Domingo would not only receive the
consent of the people interested, but
would also give satisfaction to all oth
er foreign nations. lam aware that
upon the question of further extend
ing our possessions It i 9 apprehended
by some that our pendent system am
! not *easefully be applied to animal
• more' extended than our continent,
but the conviction is rapidly gaining
ground in the American mind that,
with the increased facilities for inter
communication between all portions
• all portions of the earth, the princi
: pies of free governments as embodied
' in our constitution, (faithfully main
tained and curried out, would prove
of sufficient strength and breadth to
comprehend within its sphere and in
fluence the eivilirsd nations of the
world.
• The attention of the Senate and of
raaiarar-RIWA= P tM -L / le 4fi gt ! ..
Nval inn Kingdant, entered' nto utse '
year, and already ratified by that
Government. The attitude of the
United States toward these islands is
not very different from that in which
they stand toward the \Vest Indies.
1 It is known and felt by the Hawaiian
Government and people that their
government and institutions are fee
ble precarious, that the United States
being so near a neighbor, would be
unwilling to see the island pass un
der foreign control. Their property
be continually asterism' by expecta
tions and alarms of unfriendly poi it i
proceedings, as well from the Uni
ted States its from foreign powers. A
reciprocity treaty, while
f t could not
in:aerially diminish the revenues of
the United States, would be a guaran
tee of the good will and forbearance
of all nations until the people of the
Islands shall, of themselves, at no
distant day, voluntarily apply , for :O
mission into the Union. '1 he Empe
mr of Russia has acceded to the tree
ty negotiated here in January last
for the security of trade marks in the
interest of manufacture and men
meas. I have invited his attention
to the importance of establishing now
while it seems easy and practicable,
a fair and equal repletion of the vast
fisheries belonging tothe two nations
in the waters of the North Nellie
Ocean.
FAN
. ,
voriotA ler
ifs ,itiortr)hatt
iole, 11) IA: j
ss
j
• ,J ..t:lg JrJT., iu
liEli
• The two treaties between the Uni
ted States and Italy, for the regula
tion of Consular Powers, and the ex
tradition of criminals; negotiated and
ratified ',here daring the last session
of the thirty-ninth Con has been
accepted and confirmed by thgress, e
Italian
Goveniment.
A liberal Consular Convention,
which has been negotiated with Bel
gium, will be submitted to the Sen
ate. 'rhe very important treaties
which were negotiated Is:tweet) the
United States, and North Gen many
and Bavaria, for the regulation Of the
rights of naturalized citizens; have
been duly ratified and exchanged,
and similar treaties have been enter
ed into with the Kingdom of Belgium
and Wurtemburg, and with the
Grand Duchies of 'Baden and Hesse
Darmstadt. I hope soon to be able to
submit equallY satisfactory conven
tions of the same character now in the
course of negotiation with the respee
tive govenuneuts, of Spain, Italy and
the Ottoman Empire.
Examination ,or claims against the
United States ls:e the Hudson Bay
Conipany, and' the Puget's Sound
Agricultural Company, on account
of certain petssessory rights in the
St afe of Oregon and Territory ofWash
ington, alleged by theso companies in
various provisions of treaty between
the United States and Great Brittain,
of June 15th, 1846, has been diligent ,
le prosecuted, under the direction of
the Joint International Commission,
to which they were sulanitted for
adjudication by the treaty between
the two governments of July Ist,
1863, and, it is expected, will be con
cluded at tm early.day. No practiced
relation concerning colonial trade,
and the fisheries can he accomplished
by a treaty between the United States
and Great Britain, until Congress
shall have expresses' their judgment
concerning the principles Involved.
Three other instances however, be
tween the United Sta t es O
and reset
Britain, remain open for adjustment.
These are the mutual rights of natur
ized citizens ; the boundary question,
involving title to the Island of San
Juan, on the Pacific coast„and they
Mutual claims arising since the year
1651 of the citizens and subjects of the
two countries for injuries andllepri
dations conunitted under the author
ity of their respective Governments.
Negotiations upon these subjects are
pending, and I am not without hope
of being able to lay before the Senate
for its consideration during the pres
entsesolon, protocols calculated to
ng to an end those justly exciting
ataLlonir exi,tingemtmver<le., , , -We
EMII=M
iNi!miA
mueas; -- ~^
q&:~::
. .
Letters aliktolliMillogigib 111111.1.10 Werra.
ad to
Y 51 MaliV9iVretliriirtfit
are notAllatedn . 2 , , o't If*
;Ch I ueie TroWfd , 72.• .3,' , • ter- •••
'nl and auspn M . 7 ...'".... 1111gIldim
'l"fventiV Wiehrsilla . TOltypititipt
tent/arks; at tide cOpitelp i rm ou t 1 r
Japan ' retnaitto a theatre or 'dell
war, marked "I?y .rellgiejis - 7 - nettjpng
and politic/II 'severities Liwftteralt
that long Imitated emplze:.,labisec
tsdned74
ecutive hashitherto main 4 •
neutrality among Abe belligeo
and acknowledges with Oenture at
It luta been -frankly and fullY•iinistiffn
el in that course by the enlightened
concurrence and co•operation of • t/w
other trenty; powers, namely: Geo
Britian, Fiance, the . Netherlauds,
North Germany and Italy. r
Spain, !awing recently onde ont,
a revolution, marked by Ina
ry:unimin and preservation 44.40 . -
der;: the rotisional Government
ettablished at,'Shulrid. hex been refit , •
nlzed; and the 'friendly intererAltse
which Into so long .happlly:existl4l
between the two countries reiraAns
unchanged. I renew the reconnown
dation contained In my cotnmenT(n
lion tit Congress dated the ietfitof-
July last, a copy of which accempw
Mot Womanly, that. the judgment
1 of the peolik,shoukl be taken on 4,1 w
I propriety of so amending the Fedi.r-
I al lonstantion that it shall prov9e,
flrr. t, For an elelion of Preslikint
and Vice President by a direct vote
of the people, instead of through Vie •
agency of electprs and making them
Ineligible for re-election to a scents'
term. !
Second, ; For a distinct dosignathm
of the penion who shall tlhr_lutrge the
duties of the President In the event of
a yucancy;in that office by the death,
redgruttlon or removal of the Presi
dent or Vice President. "'
_..
Third, For the election OfSenattrs
of the United States directly by the
people of the several Buttes' instetu of
by the Legislatures.
Fourth,- For a limitation to a 006-
od of years of the terms of Federal
Judge. Profoundly hitpressed with
the propriety of making these impor
tant modifications in the constitution.
I respectfully l - submit them for the -
early and metture consklesation• of •
Congress. We Should, as far as POP,
sable, remove ail pretext fur violation
of the organic 110, by remedying RUA
imperfections as tune and experienee
may develoite,eyer remcmbertngthat
the Constitution which at any thne
exists, until changed by an explicit
and authentic net of the whole people
is severally binding upon 'all.
In the performance of a duty lul
-1 posed upon Inc by the Constitution,
I have thus communicated to pat
gres infuntuttion of the slate of the
Union, and re:unintended for Wane •
sideratlon such measures as have
seemed to me necessary.
If curried into tlttect they will hast
en the neromplishment of the great
and beneticent.purpoas for which the
constitution was ordained, and which
it comprehensively states were' to
forma more perfect union, establish
Justice , insure domestie tranquility,
provide for themmmon defence, pro
mote the general welfare,
and 'secure
the blessings of liberty to pumlves
and our posterity. In Congrest are
vested aillegislative powentand upon
[them devolves -the responsibility 11.4
well fur !hunting unwise and excessive
laws as fur neglecting to devise and
I adopt measures absolutely demanded
I by the wants of the country. Let us
earnestly hope that, before the expi
ration of our respective terms , of 'ser
vice, now rapidly dmwinglo a 1•64 e
shall expire, an All-Wfr Providence
will so guide counseististostrengthen
and preserve.theFedend Union; in
spire reverence for the consitution; re
store prosperity and happiness to
whole people, and prontote on earth
end goodwill toward
'
A Relic of the Revolution.
A writer in the Bennington (Vt.)
ikumer gives the following interest
ing account of the old Catamount
Tavern, still standing In that villain•
—One of the historical landmarks of
the town.
Ilere stands the old Odamount
Tavern, around which cluster wore
incidents of historical interests than
any other building now standing,
In it is the little seven-hymlne Clam
ell room ever meinitrable as the se
cret place where the "Council of Safe
ty" met duringthe Revolution to ar
range the details of war, the admis
sion of Vermont into the Union, had
our trying controversy with New
York. erthethresholdofitssnut h
westst door the British officers wen.
intrtxlund !Liprisonert of war.
About thirty feet from thesanw point
upon the signpost, and -from which
the house derived Its name, was the
stuffed skin of a catamount, with it_.
Mad and bare teeth towards the
State of New York in defiance of her
arbitrary demambt. In this house
was imprisontsl and tried - Sodding,
who, for "criminal conduct," was
convicted and hung. 'Ben , wag also
administered the "beach seal," and
from - under this roof on the morning
of the day of conflict, a beloved son,
buoyant in health and strong in
strength, went out to bottle, and on
the going down of the sun, borne
by his weeping etunrades was return
ed a bleeding corpse.' Saysthestrick
en father, "show me the. boy, that I
may with my own hands elw the
gaping wounds, and be called Wessell
A devoted wife, unable to stand the
withering Itiow, ere a few suns,
crushed with grief, she too was borne
to lay betide him, oust in • the ..boust•
livni and died for a period of ow
hundread years and of the; matt ex
emplary families that ever :alums!
at New England village. 'r
Poi.t..vrh writs fOIIOWS of Mn'.
Jell 1/Itvis during ; Confederatio, days
In Ric1111)00 :
Mrs. Davis wasa bmwny,
led woman, who had much more of
masculine mettle ,liiim of felninine
grace; her eomplexion was tawny,
even to the point of mulattoism; a
woman loud and course in her matt
ners, full of social self-asserflou, not
the one of her 14. X who WOUR e
been. supreeed to win the dellikenee
of a denote num like IMr.
whimsical in his health, a victim of
`nerves,' nice and morbid in his H.
dal tastes—although she might well
have conquered the submbidon of
such a erenture by the force of her
character. Mr. Davlsdeferred to her
in the social regulations she would
impure upen Richmond. Thu
manded etiquette of Washington
that the President's lady should re
turn no calls; she Introduced- what
was-unknown in Richmond—livered
servatnim. And when every' hoe..e
was Impressed In the military ser
vile, the citizens forced to go albot
renuaked,twith some disdain, the el
egant equipage. of Mrs. Davie ' that
paused much more before the shop+
of Main stmt than the aristocratic
re4t:9ms of Grace and. Franklin.
THE most preekius wine is produc
ed 'upon the midis Of volcanoes.—
New, bold and inspiring ideas are
only borne of a clear liendthat'stamt4
over a glowing heart.
Charleston in which secesslort began
eight years ago the night after the
election of Mr. Lincoln to the PM'S!.
dewy, gave a Republican tuaiorityof
ou Tuesday.
A. FRENCHMAN mently drank sl
yaps. of t.otTeo on a wager. Ills Ilfe
WIL.I saved by an etnt4le of salt and
wnter. •
It
--
, . 4 ,4 r.
.171.'""
t .•