I * ;;
i
• •
,E BEAVER ARGUS
1 Pubiishe d Evefy..Wedneulay
f: iuris* BUILDINGS.
’ij'plßp ST., BEAViSB, PA.,
ii.QO per annum ln Advance
-LeW* * nd «o» trl l> uti, ? n *>
;i fn- -• • i ■
Jii»MP ro . m P--ttention. ~ .
t; r;UTAM & Co. Eds. i Pro’rs.
message
hope forever, that there Hw
to force, ; ' !
The' ’maintenance of t
brings with itf-tho support c
governments in-all their
i *4 - . ■ „ it is not one of the rights 01
pj the Senate and Bouse- tci renounce its:
if cf^Ju'ikcsefilatives, ,v |nlh« titiiou, or-to nullify
Toiexpi’ess gratitude to Hod, in the the. Union. The largest lit
". ..aoio of r ,,e k-’Opie. tbr the presurva- be maintained in -the discus
i-in of t|' e United States/ ismy first slots of the- federal govern:
. / iii ;fiddrhisjing you. Our thoughts there ty no-appeal fromlil<l:
1 n'Vsvfcri- to it he : death of the late to various' branches of
by lan act ot panaeidal efnment itself, or t-) the p«
'•reasob;'| Tbe £ricf,of .t-he- nation is grant to, the members of; tin
,; 4 ;i|,fresh; it finds some solace in the tive L and of the Expcfitit
>oii sulk ratio» that to enjoy, bate limit?
•he -st proof of its confidence-by ! n that manner always . .
■■nteiui'2 011 the renewed term of tbo. redress. ,'| if •
r;l,icl’-Uiittstracy, to which ho had ; “Theisovereignty, ot the Stairs’*
v;j elitiiid; that he brought the civil t, b o mMaago pf the Confkioraey., an d
■ I li.jiVjuhltantially to a close j'that- his W** r ;S na g®,°{j the popstitotipni
N -hs|<Je ofcd in all parts ofthe Ihob fatter, the emphatici
itnioc^''had*t , h*'t foreign, nations hate P’prde;, ‘‘Tlio'jOprhsiitiitipn, and - thd
i £,j» r ea}lristic< tof bis memory.- His jaws o.f jtbo t|rtiied States iw Inch shall
1 relief*! cast upon-me a heavier weight ho made in pursuance there if, : and' all
ni csic-s fb«it ever devolved’upon any treaties], niadp or winch spa l.ho made
(ine cf bio pj’tiuoccssors'.r To lulfilrriy I finder llie- authority of lljo United
wiist 1 bfe(i tlie. support and confi* states, shall the jibe supremo law.pf
dent e of'inll who are associated with ;tho land; ‘and r | the judge) iruevery
mein ihl various departments of gov- SthtiS. shall be bottl'd thereby,any thing
cnina'd’- i and. the supportand.jcohlfi- 'jk Mlp constitution or laws ol'any Stalc^
• i ddico W tlie pncple. - .There is but one c fW.lfaVy notwithstanding." '• J
: fflV ii. v hu.ii 1 cun hope to gain their T Certainly the ■ Goverhun nt of' the
I necessarr aid jit i^, 'to state wijlh nited Slacp.ais a limited go :ernmtnt;
feanknC'i'tl’U principles wpicb gjhiie ail u |j EO is every Slate ppvornraent a
■■jii.r v.i«d UR d their -.application To ' limited government. With us,-. this
i!)(..nri'-fft -coite of afTuirs.wel! aware idea ijif limitation spreads] through ovf.
'li.a/.ili'J ■iii'.ii’.ncy oAiny laliotj willjft p r y firm of administration, general;
jflfst iV.-asury, depend on yd nr and 1 State and^ municipal, andircsts on the
ti.iir nnd .videdlapprpbation; ' j great distinguishing (principle of Ihi|
; k> U=i lon of tlur United of j of the. rights hf man. Thp
1 A l.* Hen a/a's inievded bv its authors a V,?'? ! t .; re P u^ ~cft sbisorHied the ihdii
id last us'ljuFas the stales themselves , v .’ du ! al V’ the State, presented his rcl
.lulMs-i Jj-Tbe Union shall be per-! I'p 1 -’ I ’■ and .' < r o,lU ' olle(l liia , fclivity.-J-
Ffuiii P-aft(tbo words “of the Cooled he American system rests on, the as
«ti,.;, f - Tii -form a-.more perfect 8 ? ,l ? n
• Ui.inh,’ -- 1-K- an ordinance ot the pooploj " la " f° hte,'.liberty and the pursuit bjf
of iiio-Uilited Status, is.' Iho happinesp to freedom of ctmsciencfi!]
i.iirpn'n- Lf the 'constitution. Thu 1 tl ‘f. ,;u!ui [ u aad csefciSo Iqf ■ all his
liind of Biyine Providence was never j- i'‘ us ‘ conssqnßrjco,tho. Stato
Mere .plainly • visible'jn the aflairs of i" 0 ' 0 ' -111 . 1001 I *'' ,n ? ,tc^- aB ||ty'th v a gen
men ItraiLin - the TVamir.'g and the 1 V5 !ll ;K W- ,n . tlO ijdorc'st ol an 1 -
aiiu]ituig§gr that, inslniment It is.. ;s In tlio individual citizenl in the
bdvon<) cirnpariburijlho greatest dvorii iin rcst ot J .1 . :l
iii’Amoiidan history;, ami, indeed is it 1 ;] ' lak , C9 ' proper lira-tatiorii-of
not.: oi' atl events in ininlern-. times, tf> _the existences
In'inipst progiinnl-with eonSequCnnos | 2 ,i 3 Cons111u11o« ot United
VirVv'hr vipeonle of the earthJ The J P tr -'- 0 «- At tno very comm snoVmje, r.t,
-Tvarkir ' of the Conventioni which ! :' ri ' an assumed, a place f.mopg tlje
v to 4beih work Row L ar 9 iof the earth. itfielLeuliiSraiioliJ
Vue .xnotV<-ncc of [htf'-Gonfedcratioo. g‘. ihdepondenuo was adopted by,
of U.ew -eyeval.Slates, itni other Ee- oiatps; so-also were tpoLArticles-bf :
niiV-liiai) guTciiunciils, old. and. hew- ■ v? an « wbbn “the people
inn il/fv needed and obtained a ivfrf States” ordaii cd and es
j ' ~ • d . ■„ • J . . I ittbhs .UonottiiMUcci. 1 *t tI»U
om eiipef-ior to experience. And when - a36eil hla\ os.'bne by Ue- winch'
Inf its varditv icrcqotrofi the appro- - ... , T ; , V.l i'-’
vs)of a people.Uial occupied 'a lar.rel'§ a . ' • 7 ‘ ent '. loa r
pin of.a continent and acted sonar- > “W 11 ']™!* f l «- lh0 Co istrtuf.on,
|ni.-IV .in [many* disnncf cenvemions. 1?° f ■ Congrcjs needs tb ( e |
that.
•Or earnest and !«-ng' di-cussion. »ll if. ' ’' ,IU g‘ L ' a " bianeii dbe legis-i r
(•oimgrt- Liu* ail ojiinioru wcie^' uiiU { f 'i e "° U l ,k antl ??vl
•imitelydr uni ir.'one why to its support’ • I IB IU| ’ *, ! hc-j.omi.il e letter /jif
The Co|r,.struuion to‘« l,icl, life wast l "V 10 the Jiliaracter «pf
d'iii iinjpirled contains w-iil,if,' itself li? n !jf.t' ,n . IT S; I l t i , c i a l’ ael r lr h r eompre
:flninle rciiiirces for, its nvn .: *-li'M Jin .jumbu c -ion a vupt
lion. , It Flias power' to onf.oco liK* i is dft ? 1 0 lh o syp
latys, phnisli treason, ami insure do-l.'.V” * Jia : o9 -. * j ! 16 hest|S »cunty for
mt“{ti(i. tntnnuili tv. In. case of usurp- 0 1, * 1 P c - U: ‘--existence, the Siatps
Of tic.. govayn.inCnt ot a Slate by VA 1 f,W. authority'* ■of the
-oi.cj man.-Sriran oligarchy, it hccomes i I0!l ,,° I *'s Unitor States.f—
-1 iic ;<i lit y (if l tie Utitled'diales to maUe[ •P« r .pel-mt-j 1 of -it,e CcnaUtutiOn
pWd-.tHpisranlcoU that-Mfftofi’ y l V h -'-'‘’ ho °. f »>®.
Prtimil.KccJti form -of govornmfent.'audt a ’f : e,r ’ makes
fti".*. l Pialnl-ain-l he honiogcuieoiisnessi 09 W ! W( M‘ re ’ ftnd .m-r-iul. political;
atkli. Ikes the Ja p?6 of time reveal; .o'n‘Theif (Connection'is. itid.wolu
(lpfccts? iA simple mode 751 amende b .° T , he w h f >le eanrioi.ekst without
u.out is provided in t!,h'Ukistitu!ibnP ll) “\ nar the p.'irfs without the.
so (that its conditiomTean -UJ B pl°/ ,s a 9 xh ,° CobkitahoWoC
ways he,made to conform . fo.HhoW! th -t, «ndupe ? , thujStates
qiiimntrk of advancing ciMEzation.-i WI < f.'l l l ure s tl) o destruclidn of the one
>’m rent ■ is allowed Wen' for th^'*.-T do . stru ‘4' f >;* of l.htf otherWhe
ihoaglit pf a possibility of its comink P r «^ rv »«>V | ,l : of , lho one '<{/•'<. preser
la )*"ti-einl.A And tfcke poweri of se'.f",r^ ,0n f lhc oUier - / . J ' |
ri-oy rvaiicin have alwat s been .assert-; ♦ I have thus expl'ainod my' views of
.tljej • e<; ih pie to- in! egi Tty by ove-lu l | lw n,u | relations o( tlio Constitu-i
rv pYpurh iie : Uiiiel .Magistrate—hjv -hit. and tbif'States, boeiiijso they-nn-’
-uffi i'S'ii. ar.d .l.acksoti,'not jlcsa than! 1 ,o!d ■' '-U^prineiplca■ on .vvbich I have
'■y ;Vfa.-ln igton .and'bv ila.JTkn. Ttiqi R . r,d g* :t 10 fjOlve thc momei tons qijos-
A'ljtijig'at!vice of The 'Father of liif: l!o .'{? a,id oyercomethc. appalling djlffi
i-h-mii y, iyliile vet Eros idenl. 10 11.0 j £ . c M i « ! ' I hat .snot me at ibti very icpin
I'tapie (.?■ the ui.ile.ii States, was, the j my ndminietratfon. ] Tt
by , C,; fsiitiuion,- which' w»» the ''‘ raf i Bl^ad,(a«t .objbcfr to dsCape
*vi>jTk <?f ilu*ir hand ought ; * ro l n *iyay of pAdelons.
Jiaiutdincd,” and the inaugural words i uad dorWo healing jpihej’ from
’■•f president- Jeffersb',, hold ;iip “thoS. l P? fundamental and . Wehanding
iTiiservatton of. .the ’ genera j gjvcniUrpri aeiples of the .l
Wt. in|\its' eotialitiuional ; vigor, is! 1 fou !" d the states suffering from the
of our peace at home i gffqcta of a- civil war. 1 liesistaiieq to.
atfsafoty abroad ” Tlio Constitution i the; general government appeared /to
'ijlji- wijrk of -the, Eeppla 1 of the i 1 * 11 , 70 ' eshnuslod itself. The (United
•I’?i|r d StkteS;” and Sit. hhouid bo aB .-j (^l«te« i hadreqpvorod poaoeiiiofikf tjheir
as tbewpeoplo, > . ijforlsi and arsenals; knd 'their armies
is. the framers ‘ wero - 110 occupation of every.Sjlato
101 The '-(lloi^iitntion.iwhicli 4 liad no' which Uad', attempted.,W -secedje.—r,
•™ ; elin the past, should.-pot have Whether the territory witliio thellira
' con pr-ehended thq excellence of 'ls °f those Slates should ,bo held as
u ;f f own work. Fresh 1 from a Strug-; conquered territory,. und( r . military
p/agaiik arbitrary powerpuauy pa- •: aulhdnly, emanating from \ho Priisi
ir]Oh> snared Irony harassing, tears of i dudt i as Ilie1 lie head of tlmiarmy, was
w-absorj lion ol‘ thu . Slate govern-! tbo first question ,th*t presented it
k'/ 11 *. hy ho general government, and self'fir decision; 1
1 -ifouiVh, 1 - 1 f dldiad /hal tbe States Now, military goverr moots,!eitab-
Biifu, I,° ‘ a ‘ , ’ a l' * rc,m iheir orbits. lishgCi for-au iindefinato por'o'd, iwould
i.ioidit 6 .''!, 0 £ rea i ,, P 9 * of onr country, have afforded-ho security for thecajjy -
i oilvu-i i't? t -h’ s apprehension ot cn<r id'epr-t'Ssipo of discontent]/ would have
lafciu 'w* - 1 • tb< * tenoral the people into tie vanquish-i
hotfaiilv r. I*’.- 1 *’.-* tiCt3 l |‘ ul ; camo..unqucB> efs 1 . a r.d va.iiquished;_anld would havo
Warir" , t!le jurisdictron are so.j envefomed hatred, rather tHftiv/have
rdfuiofin i/" at V 1 mu3t ovor not urally j restored affection, Unco oslablished,|i
dial"Ha • < !J , haras«e.d by;qnestidr.s jirppreeise limit’to'the continuance was/
Ik ° ,1U lt '’'^ c . re ’ l Otherwise;- eonediyabie.'- They woitlq’have bcca-j
; h'lidon- V ,V r° Uld beneath the isjohetlan ijicalculablo and exhausting]
: $ ehokn t- I^ *l° •! ir '^ B IWiW would , expense, peaceful emigration 16 and]
struetuH 1’ ,c R ,8 *at J< |n wouhF’.be ob- | from/that portion -of th’d country is/
?foater , y exco ? s i s ° that/there is a nne of the best means that can bo/
of the fan < M' P ' tal - i> !p’ l ° : cieiiciso some Uicagkt-of for. the rostotitidn of .hsr
vrn^nthhiVrfikr 11 ?. gWoral-gov- mony; and that eraigrkion would
; 'r6>p asB t’' n ° ( u , c > h ld Y Stales than to haveibeon prevented; for] whai etni/
“Tbolabjoj.., h^! r ' Sphero.-r gration from a.broad, whirl indue ,ri jah
visions dr ,r®i“ c q a,o9cenc e in tbo.* de-J citizen at home, would place himself
was. willingly under military rule. I The
Jeffcrion enforced by eitlcf persons who would] have follpwi
>t j , be v -‘ ta . l .principle of jedLih.-th«tTrainotAhojirmy would fiato
'° a r veaW v ' 0 events of the last beon dependents on th’e] general gov r
, - - s.o established, we'will nibn profit
OF 5 t-.
i I JOHNSOX
-j j
- ' -
i f -ip'lTp
V 01. 41--3S r o.
P | L-..: V--.- : V ''J'-- • --':,t
,; i Wnm tmmL >i- I mm
, H .... r| .fT
4=9.1; -: ; :i j
from th
Ei bo appeal:
bo Uniori
t the Slate
htut? but
lapy State 1 ,
own place
the laws of
erty is ' tp
|'"ion , oiithfj
ient; but
ws;esc?pt
bat’ gov-l
»ple, kvhq.
•Legjsla-;
i Depart,-!
d one,and
otain the
citizens
and', nil
eicikea;
4ast. ■ In
iycalthjj
less un;
oe willi
they, ar
never, In
emerge!
wilful ii
through
endangi
ad_minis
States!\
Slav,.
l ßes ’>
i|yer abi
implied
tanU me
jhe retia
inliabitij
true tlie
pf seeds
null _an
commit
pidual |j
putted
can nia
lawf«(vj<
[The Stk
pd then
it Hen v;
lexlin"iii
led, bul l
'['■ But if
1o ■perf<
imoro ne
Iraent sb'
.|ty, andii
air its (»
havo ae
U ' '
jquietly,
isttsps, sc
Dnercy
and of t
visional
edfor i
■« OVT£sri3<J>
jjblod an :
||chosep l
ijSiat.es.
ipf
]bo done,
jthe laws
(enforced
■tl’be btoi
the cusH
ports o;f
the Ui it
,The Pis
j
| goyarnr i
I rhunicalt
and ,«ge
i *3* *' v
evening
To rati mu
tlio post
fjocia! in
t in r.ot
loratiiiii
'6* the
with it
which lb
Burn ,’ r )r<i
ed altac, 1
|ie,r all t'
pi the g
puly'as
j I lino
iatlendo'
jsiiccess j
osoonso j
|corns; tl
lliOse-*Bt
! gianco I
sumo tl'
Union,
takpn; ii
is the bit
and, if j]
mutual | ccj ,
the late te.
together,, r*j
much tej a»K
people, |tb It
of restorali
foirmity w t
' T *
disorders qii
that,' on tl
sincerity i|
iho. Utiior;
doubt by
posed amen
which prpi
slavery fr&ra within the limi
country. |Jo long, as the adt
this ar .orcin ont is delayed
will doubt; an i jealousy and nr
ty prevail] hisis-tbo msasm
will, oftojtr thersad -'memory
.pastj- tliis is Ihe measure wh
moat certain y j call populat
.capital] ancl neenrity to those
the ,Union! jth it need them rrn
deed, i(. ia|m t 100 much to a
•States ivhjph are now reauini
place in the family of fhol 1
givlo this Jjtec gej of perpetua
ahd peace; - Jotil it is done,
1 r •; ; . '!
- ‘I <
OB
RIM
•'B <if thlir errin
• •«
iiserii
J.ThejpoweiW of pati
i smncb Would! have b(
udder tbp President;,
ud \ populous,- f anil nat
lOgion, ate greater tin
lei* exttemp necesfjiiy, I
igitoientrusl to any dm
sflich as.lfor ;rayj«elf,|
nllas do 'occasions ojf |
>cy, consent tOjexercisel
iS Of .isue h [po wersjif; cow
a period o.f years] woult
■r|d the' piirityjofjjthe a
liation and the] MbertieS
iftjoh rlnijained loyal,
'SJ’ ! ’
j.lho pjplicy o| militai
i|*(iiercd territory wou|
that the Stated whoso i|
y r have taken active j
llion had, 1 by tme itet of
.rftbi Ceased to exist f
(|py, all pretendi
iipntwere, from the beM
flivoid. The States i
-no r' screen th
!i|izin3 : who |nay hav
Tjeason, af.y more tha
£« valid treaties o|r epf
jwiitnerqo wilh-forjeign
tein ajuotn|)ting|/to |<ece(
selves in a condition
tality was impaired, bl
s|ed —their functions si
utl destroyed.
«ay state reft.ses or n
an Jits c ffieieu, there
'| that the general e
ldjmaii|lain’all |itfta
'iraj*
■h
.sJedontai
m™\
tjanjl
prafc'.icable,
Or< -I.bis Iprim
lliava' L r raciual
il|f‘ 1
jdj.by>c.l import
□ iHif to restore the r
jt |i|he general
, tit states. j Tc| that on
have bejeaa]
lej.sltates .oonjvontJions
legislatures
senators auiJ ropireson
o this, eqtiTrcst of the ■
ijt llitfifidme limb! the
as lar a
have been ja, opened, •
tffi the [Dinlied States r
•i t^roaghlj: / 1 heir - agi
kadp has 1 bpea famovt
oin: jho Uses r)- estabi is
opiry, so thal the! revc
e<j Statjos iriy.be collei
.-cjfficezdepartnient rout
■'kbt'ieSy, and' the g
eiit'ipHlSiFeby enabled t
),:|>rom|ptly iVMih jits o
itpi IJho eparts brine
r!h~H~ —i” r — 4:
djjihe ports; invites to
oi t b
! ■» •-.
jeredar
of|tJi eh
lustry and} com
{■news tlid iacili
He and buni|nc'!m.
jfor‘us all that t
i| one pi those fu
) gov jrnmlmi
|stnti
; li
nj '•
ey h
.iiiO
irttoi
j Is i
I and,
o ;ili«j Union *1
happened, the
- is
cence.
well that.tliis p
some risk; that
•es atjleasi tha
slates which
dies ,|an invita
renewing] thi
Tfuitjcd States
c lions asstato
i-v a tfiak that n
:hoici of diflicu
r. . i y . i •,
riak; and to d
kjlo|romov;o i
lit lias
j.icral
ill. f
v >'°?y
with
t tjedui;
[of | too
H H
ktW b ;
toil tho
iei,r fur
(Bin! it
i Itip <
laHeijt i
poesibli
i . , - J
,0 felt it incumbent o
e.plhe '.power of t|lib,
power of| pa;
ate ?at throw a defer 1
iO!| of I'leasbn, thol pcf
u r|xclusively vested iii
Kpvtrr rjicril of thei
-li) that |i
en every precaution
•iliib Jthoj clearest reo:
b!bqin »Jfoilco of the
leii ;jstj,lps,*and an junij
edljitie it of the pros
ifi.'cmid ilior£ in regard
Inch blaa srowi; but'
. S. 1 d
i,|-l ■ .
eXt ;Stcp which 4 bar
•e|;tho constitutional, 1
talcs, jbas been an! in
to participate in the __
monping tho consjtit
atript must wish fur «
sty the earliest -opt
vitjlij public safety | ’ 1
id | there | is need of a
all;bpinions, and tbo’
( y.. J - .
Lciliution. All pa.
•r ule conflict mu
harmony. It is
in the name of tl
on the ono side, i
I shall proceed
willingness |to
e paatir.td obliv
other, the evb
e future thainie
mil be put bey
ratification of
nont to the corif
lea for the abol
11
ednesdo,y,' I),4oaerixber-l-a, 1865.
,1
however much we ;|il it had pokier to'intervene. When
not boforgolton. i The /adoption of ithetotnjlt of emotions that have been
the amendment reunites P*beyond all raised by the suddebness of ihei social
power of disruption. j>lt | heals the j change shall hdvofiubsided/it may
wound that is still imperfectly- closed; | provp that they will receive the kind
it removes slavery, wluch j lioStlusago from aobo of’ those on
has *4 j&ng P'etplcxed *hd divided, fbp %doih | they have heretofore moist
cour.iry;.it, makes us oneferaorea dnii f closely depended. . ' r Vjl !
ted people,renewed andßtfongtb&ned, T t J.l|-
bound more than ever to ; mutual af- while l have no doubtlbatnow,
faction and enpport. j . | ■ after . tl ! e c j. oßo P f the war, it is not
, The amendment tmthe_ cOnstitu- St'^^encl^hFefi^ft^:
for OA-“ T T*' n cbiBe i «Si the several States. |t is equal
fr t n ? ltttes l powers have lyclCarjthatgood faith roquirei tho
been >q long to resume decufity of the Ireedmen inHheir life,
their places , n the two branches of the t&ir right to labor.and their
national leg.s ature. and thoreby com- right tp claim the just return of their
plete the work of restoration.- Here | a U.! I cannot too strongly Jge a
1,1 T <h % Se "‘ dUpassipnate,treatment of hifsubject,
* te - “S 1 wh ' ch Should bp caiefully kept aloof
HousP of Ropresentat^sJ.to judge, from all party strife. -We must equal-
r l ‘-“ f^ U l°r ypufiel vbs.pf the ly avoid hasty assumptions of any not?
election- returns and-qfcihficationß of oral Impossibility for the two raws &
your members, |■ : , live sidP by aide, in state of mutual
Tbp full assertion' powers of benefit and good-will/. The ezppri
the general goverment'reqaires the ment idvolveauSin nb inconsistencyi
h'pldipgi of Circuit corfrtsj of the TTv let us tberr. go and make that expert
StateP within the districts Wheie their ment in good faith, and hot bo tod
authority has been; interrupted!. In easily disheartened. The country is
the present posture public if- in need of labor;, and/the freed.num
fairs, strong objectiOns*;h ! ayd been urg are jih ; deed «f employment, culture
ed to holding those courts in any of and protection. While their right bf
the Slates where tho febellion hasox- voluntary migration and expatriation:!,
isted; and it Was-ascertained, by in- not to be questioned,lwould not adviU
quirjj, that the CirPnit .court-of the; ihoir fpkednleinoyai and colonization.
United States would nbjt be held wltb-.1 Jjet in! mther/enconrago them to hod-!
in the district of Virginia’ during’ thej obab/e i.nd useful industry, where it
autumn or early winter; npr bntil con-? may be beneficial to themselves and
;gross should h(ive “Un ’opportunity to! tP theipOiintry and!instead of Lasty
consider and act onkhejwhblesnbject." 1 Unticipations of thelcertmnty of fajl-
To yhur deliberations tuo/restoration j uro, lei there be nbthingt%anting to
of this branch of the civil /authority!the fair j trial of experitnent. The
of the Uniied States ia -ihorefbre ne-| change in their condition' is the Bub
cessarily referred, With the hope thW stilutipp of labor by contract for the
early provision bo made for the reJj status ojf slavery. The freed men pan
sum; lipn of all its.'fanctipns. It isj not’ fairly be accused of unwillinghess
manifest that treason, most flagrant in ito long f» : ‘a doubt remains)
chariictjer, has!been committed. jPer-ji about ijis freedou)/ of choice injhis
sons'who are charged, with its com-jj pbrauitsjand: t.be jeertainty' pf his re j
mission; should have ifair anjl inipar-)) cohering] his stipulated wages. | Ip
tial ti-ials in’the highest tribunals; of i this theTiniterests of ibe employer 'and:
the country, in order lhat|the cSnsti-j the . coincide. . The bnw
tutio i and tho laws may hejfully vih-! ployef desites in his workmen spirit
dicatod; the truth’clearly |e«tablit>hed! and alpctity, And these can be porina i
and s ffii-iued that trehsho isj a criiuoj ni'uUyititJcur.od in no other way. Xndi
that traitors shpiild.be I pupished ahdj if they toglivto be able toenfprcei the
the offense made .infafnolis; and, j,af! contract,jsb ought the other. Thepub
the sirae time.Hbal the question, will, be best promoledi il
Iha judicially finally andiforevs' tho 'sPv eral States will’ provide. adP<*
;'er, that! no^taite-ofjits,.own wjH has quate p-otectiOu and remediep for Itbe
the light to ronounfiC its place in the frepdm«n Until this is in some Way
Union. •'■j, .[■ ! Accpmp isbed, there is no chance for
Thy relation* of /the govfernmeni the advantageous use of their taborp
towards the fpur priUipnaj of inh&bij and the blame of ill-succesi will not
called intp rest on |tbem.i x ’ i l v I
. ous ccnsideratjOn.
of .t empling W make khU freed men -U of j it9 remotest .imi; Oat time ik
cloclprs by the procUn,ati.op of |he aJvrsy9 nn oloment - n r ' cforn j It i 8
executive, £ took for • myjionnso -fbo 0 , 0 pf ;the g r 4test acta.pn record ko
usplf vhe nuppprctations miEi ofl people
of thftt insXniraent by its yulhors and The career of free in
, heir jcoiemporarics. and rPcent legis. duM d , l tbo fhirly opened to them.
lat.cn by coerces. >Vhen, at the 3nd thcptLir fbturo prosperity and
fii-Ht movement!lowardspndependonce, condu^b Jmst, after all, rest - mainfy i
, tbe canirose of the Un Statpa.inj. on themkelvds./’ll they fail,’and
.trucked the several to institute i(4b i w lotus bo c / ref(l j \ bal lbe
governments of heir they left t ’ ri ot be atlinbatable. “oaoy
.each,a a«to decide thecori- deil i al , ld Wll that felWs.
d.t.ons for the e wentff.dhe e ec- to the thev froedmen; we!
tive franchise. | IdPr.ngthy period of need rtbe &V anxit) W to road the
the confederacy, there' cj.ntir.ued fo fatQ manydncidentjWh.ch. frhm a
a very great d,verity in the lpecu ,; .ivo point of view, might
electors in Ihoaever. - ;u J uiollj soitle themselvU.’
al St'ates; w.tbih «. State;a lie at an lend ior
.distinction of quai. fictions prevailed ear it j J n(l tb e greatness itseVih
t ’ of df pu^ i<r -.^*l
P ooonBl TJ ,OD f 9 mjr'biboraes more and mbre. Wpiia/
Umlyd SUilps tresogniyeajthese diver- avoiy w#9
sitiek wbyn, ill enjoins m l\ye no n| - f lal / or and a 9 such looked
,n tbe of members of the House tbo F g^e 8 ,. wherh it prevailed against
of ativos of . thoin-edraing offroe industry. Where,
States, “flio elbclora.iju each piato plmjl , W the property of the capital
havb the; qualhbcatiqns requisite .for] he wb | Ve w / s excluded. W
® l h®| ifapetinumeroiis hrpr.chj ei b p loyh,ont, or. had bfft the 'second
of the State legislature ’ After the buB \ c^nce o{ finding it; and the fprf
foiujalion of |the uonstilution, it to- c jg n enp g ran t turned away from the
maijied as before, thy ,uniform usage . hia condition would hhi
for yauh State p enlarge Jtho body pr precarious. With the destruction;
its y.colors, according ;t$ its own judg- l)ie L on0 poty. free ‘labor will hasp
racr l; and, under ;this .system .fr ft! f 0 f the, civilized
Statue after another; bis Proceeded ;to to. aatsist in developing various
inot-caHo the number its electors, ilnrneaB hra b le resources which have
unu|l npvv un.vo. sal suffrage, or some- hjtbdrtdlaid dpmapt. The. eight of
lh ' n ,iJ i v *'? r P ear . ’f, ib> jibe general n i no states nearesfet|ie Gulf of-Mexi
*ul% was this tpsoryaftop of bav^|tt 90 il of exuberant fertility, a|
pow|er in the hjabits ofabe ppopjo, and cl : inlato ifr ieD jiy t 0 long! life, andjcabl
so unquestioned has been the inter-. auBtiin | a den9 J er population than id
djtalten pretal.ou of the constitution, that du r ' ahd 1 yet ic an y part of our cqunP
elalions ring; the civil yar the Into President JJf id the.luture influx of iropht
ivltatipn never harbored tho lpurpose certain- will bo mainly from
.figh of- ly never>vowed the purpose—of dis- No ’ th or from .,ihe most? cmlfivak
,iiion.— regarding itj dml, in, thd act of con- „ at J onB in Earcpe. FromthosnU
3 genqr- greijsrxiurmg thet can jihat havei atteeded them• cldri;
tich con; be fopnd yhieh, during ihe .conlipu-. o°ar 0 ° ar late s i rU ggld/let us look awiaf-i
lor this anco jof ; hostilities, much less aftei- l( : iho fuuiro, which is sure to bo la
■ concur- their closp, would haveaapctioued any n for i thera with greater prospont}
spirit of departure, by ithe j executive a lban bbB ever before been known.;—?*
ties in , policy which has so nniversally obtain; The r^o V„i 0 f tho monopoly of slave
lit; work od. Moreover; a concession of tho ; labor a p fr dc o that these regions
not 100 elective to the freodracn .jj be h eo pled by a rmmeroua andxm-
I c whole by act Of the President of the United terD r,sihg population, which) will v-e
iho plan States, must have been extended to all witb a nV , n the Union in compact
in con- cokjred men, wherever, found, and so ne<(9 inventive genius, and
crast tho Lave established a pbange of ; n£ j aa^r t. I I
;ion; an<i sutftagein the qortbernj middle and .f‘ .. ; i |
(lenee of western Slates, noi.loss llban in the Oar government fr<m| and
msinco ot souilherii'and southvreaternr i 'Stach an was majdo for the psoplcfe |not thejpeo
■t)ad any an ict would have ejfeated a tdw class for the government.! tbera* it
the'pro- of Voters, and beeiifan aSL* o wes ;, allegiance, from ithem it must!
titutlon, suniplion of power by the President courage, stwbgth and] wia-i
tition ofj which nothing in ;the constitution or dpm, 1-Wti w|hile the gpvernmtntf ijti
aof our [ orlaws !pf tho would bound;jtp defer^ to lpoople, front)
ption of L&vo at alt warranted. t whom ijt derives its extstehce,it should,
: so'long j Qn the other hand, every danger of from lh|e very consideiatiQn|of its qri-|
cortainw! conflict ?is avoided when the 'settle- gin, be f stror.g in its jioweri of ■
le which nient of: the question- ts ireferred ,io ance tof thh establishment of incuah-;
j; of the l«the j several States- : They*’ -can, -each lies. Mdnopouee, perpetuities;
jicb -will for itself, decide bn the measure, bnd class^lcl r iHlatlob t ;- are contrary to’- tjt^j
tibn, and whether it is to bo adopted at l once genius of free government, and ougjt^
lipkrtsof andj absolutely, or introduced gradlt npt to pe allowevl. Here there is nb^
i wit- In* ally with conditibns. . In juiy room fbr favored clashes ,b r jnonbpo|-
ik ;of the judgment, the, freedmon,lifi they show lies; the principle of government
tkeiri patience and.manly virtuea, will soon-. _i4 that p| equal laws and; fieedom; of
Fnion, to or obtain.a pariiciptttipn elec- industry. 1 :
r loyalty live franchise thiough tbie Slates than a! foothold, it 1 -is sure, to; bb: a.
the past t through the general govbrnmentyovbn. 9burcp|pf danger, discord and trouble.
[follow
tetiage
ejenex
pvor a
itn rally
ISO; un
should
e.man;
could
i groat
The
tinned
J have
enerai.
of tbo
- rule
lid have
phabi.
pari in
I! those
Elat the
sd acts
ginning
ban not
sindU
© com-
it they
ige in
iowel*r
i plac
where
t not
iponcU
BgloCtS
is the
overn
lilhori-
resumo
ijiplo I
iy and
fbptihle
rightful
rnment
id,: pro
ppoint-
iballed,
asseni'
tatives'
j n i ted
courts
3 could
o that
lay be
i itiey.—
td and
i'l.od in
t nue of
ited.T—
iwg'itg
eneral
jße|rs
secu-
—*ltv'
a res-
i meren;
itjies oi
•i] And
do res-
fictions'
brings
& over
: ;uol a
renew-
al, af-
•oturn
:nown
olioy is
ifor its
iaequi- 1
it con-
Uion' to
oir aille
i| to re"
i of the
lust be
flies, it
|mi.nisb t
If dan-,
i ime 1 to
general
fdon.—
be oyer
fvver of
> live ex
i United
lower, I
to cent
ignition
laws' of:
piolified
t "social!
to sla-
Of the
MI
t-.v i
MEE
: -Establish.ed 1818
We shall but fulfil aur duties aslcgis
latorb by according ‘equal; aud exact
justice. to all men,’ special privilegfe
to none.'' • 'i n .•
■ The constitution confers on Con
gress ;the right to rjegulato commerce
among the several Slates. Itjis of the
first necessity, for the maintenance of
the Union,! that-commerce should bo:
free and unobstructed. Ko Stale can
be justified in any device totax the
transit of; travel and commerce be
tween States. The! position of many
States is such that, if they were allow
ed to take advantage of it for purpo
ses of local revenue, the Commerce be
tween States might bo injuriously bur-,
denod, or even virtually prohibited.—
It is best, while the country is still
young, and while the tendency to dan -
gerous monopolies: of this kind is still
feeble, jto uae the power of Congress
sb as to' prevent anyselfish imped
meat to the free circulation’ qf menj
and merchandise. ' A tax! 1 on travel'
and merchandise,'in their transit, con
stitutes one of the-viorst forms of .mo
nopoly, and the evil is increased if
cofipled with a demal of the choice of
route. When’the. vast extent of out
country is considered, it is plain that
every obstacle to the free
of commerce .between the States ought
to be sternly guarded against i by ap
propriate legislation; within tble limits'
of the Constitution. '
The repoit of j the Secretary of the
Interior explains the condition of the
public lands, the transactions of the
Patent Qffice and-the Pension Blireab,
the management of our Indian affairs,
the progress made in. the construc
tion of our Pacifib railroad. &c.-- Un
der theprevisions •of the Homestead
Act, 1,160,533 acres of the public
lands were] entered during the last fis
cal year 1 The] homestead policy was
after ling and earn
est resistance;, experience proves its’
i The lands, in.tho bands of
industijioas settlers, whose labor cre
ates. wealth and contributes] to the
public resources,’ 'are Worth mdW to
the United States thin if
been -reseVved as a solitude for future
purchasers. j" '
The] Umeritabie events of the last
four years, and the sacrifices made by
the gallant m‘en of! opr army and
navy, have swelled the records of the
Pension Bureau to an unprecedented
extent. t)n the 30th June last, the
lotall nncriber of pensioners was 85,-
986, requiring for their annual pay;
exclusive of expenses, the earn of sB,
that nave been allowed since thatdate
willrrequire a large! increase of.this
amount for the next fiscal year. The
moans jfor tbe payment of the stipends
duel under existing] laws, to.our disa
bled soldiers and sailors, and to the
families of such as ] have perished in
the service of j the county, will' no
doubt]- be cheerfully and. promptly
grantpd. A grateful people Willinot
hesit ate to sanction any measures hay-,
ingsfor ibeir objects the: relief of sol
diers rnutiiated andlfamilies made fa-;
therlesb in the preservo our
national existence. I) ;
y. The.report bf the Postmaster Gen-,
eral presejntsNsn encouraging exhibit
>of the | opera lions of the P., O.Dep’t.
during the year. The revenues of the
past, year from theNlpyal States alone
esceedtho ranximura annual receipts,
from ail the Slates previous to the re
bellion, in the §um] of $6,038,091, apd
the annual, average increase of reve
nue daring the last four yeqrs, com
pared-with the revenues of the. four
years | immediately preceding the re
bellion, wa.y53,233’,845. The revenues
of iaet fiscal yee(r amounted to $14,-
;5GG,158, and the expenditures to $13,-
694,7231: leavipg a surplus 61 receipts,
.oyer expenditures of $801,430., Pro
gressJbas been made in restoring the
•postal [service' in the Southern States.
It arpears from the report of the
Secretary of-tho I^avy.that while, at
the 1 commencement of the present
year,..there were jin commission 530
vessels of all classes and descriptions,
armedKwith. 3,000] guns' and manned
by 51,000 inch, the number of-vessels
at present in comhiiesion is 117, with
830 guns and 12,123 men. By this
prompt reduction ;oi the. naval forces
the expenses of the government have
been lalgoly diminished, and a nuin
bbr ofvessels,purchased for naval pur
poses from the merchant marine, have
been returned totbo peaceful pursuits
of commerce. • j
r In the report of the Secretary of
War.a[general]'Bumraary is of the mil
itary, campaigns of. 1864 and
The national military force on the Ist
May, 1865, was 1,0|00,516 men. It is
piopctaed fo reduce the military estab
lishinent tb a peaCe footing, compre
nending 50,000 troops of alt arms, or
ganized iso as to admit of an enlarge
ment by filling up the ranks to 82,600,
if the circumstances of the country
should require an augmentation of the
army: The volunteer force has been
reduced by the discharge^lromservice.
of over 800,p00 troops, and thofdo-,
partmeot is proceeding rapidly, in the
work of farther reduction. The war
estimates are reduced from $616,250,-
, 131 to $33,814,416, which
the opinion Of the Department, inad
equate lor a peace footing. ]■■
. The Secretary of the Tieasurpwill
lay before you a full and detailed re *
port of the receipts andydisbarsements
■of the late fiscal]year,of the firstquar
ter, of the ptfeaenl I fiscal year, of the
probable receipts and expenditures for
the other quarters. 1 might
content myself with a reference] to
k /.
:. Bqbi jom da
) Marriagea and
Noti tet
ibait report, in wbich you WiU finUii)li
the infprn3aUo|i required foyyonr-dp-i:
iiboritihns.ajod decision.. But ilia pars"
amount importance
presses itjsejf ph niy;'own niind, !
cannot bbt Jap before you my
tho rap osures w h job are required
'lor the gcjod? character, and-lmight
also say, for the existence of this pao
pie/ jl; mjeet; you at when the
hation had voluntarily buriiene'd'loelft J
with debt uripi oceaonted in pop ; iui-,
hals. / Vast asj is its amount, it fades’
a 7 a y ; ip, l !? pojtbing when compared |
.With [blessings tbsiiyflll
: 6e conferred ? hpon; our coantiy ajv<l
upon manHby the preservation of the
nation's Noyr,. on. tho first OCU&7;
Oiph Of, th 9 moOtingof'Congress since
the 1 return of peace, it is oi the utmost
importance to [ inauguratea just poli
cy.,iwhipb phall atoncebejmt in■■mpni
tion/and ybicn Hhallcotnmond itself
to tboaexi boomne after 04 for its bon;|
ritiuariee. Itirofirfirst duty to pro-'
pa.re iu ca rocsi foi qtir recovery frond;,
the ever-itjcfeasing evils. of an
dcomable without a sadden'
revulsion,' hnd[ yet .without untimely/
proctustination. . I ~b£ld it to be iho
/ddiy|of the
frugality in the expenditures; add'd
■put ing economy is itself a -real Da«
ttonal "rejg&rte., -iOf tbs ‘ 10
which auth'bntjy has been given .tojjfcTr
sue noWsijaeijttfed by bonds of the 1f,.:
States,' we mijy require the great’eii
moderation and prhaontio, andthelaw
must be rigihly enforced when its hod*
Us are. exceed i id. Wo mayeach!oud,
of .he,’counsel our afetive' and .enter*!
pjrising countrymen ito be chbsfahtly :
on their guard, to liquidate debts hon-, '
tfactett in .a |p;»per' curiency," %pd; by !
conducting business as nearly as poH
bjble oo a syjstsnu.if cash payments oi!
shoit .credits, .b.liold themselves pre
pa re (jl to l othn td the standard of
and Silver* duty devolves on ni
tp diminish by law the amount bfjii
per money how in'circal«ioh.,: : 'ilTd
years ago! this bankj note cirealatid.b of ,
the. Country amounted to hot.much i
more thah, t[wo hundred millions; ;hoW ,
the circu|ktioni bank and nhtiooalvCX«
-seven "hundred millions. ; The
gradual of the cutrehey is
the only fmeasure that, can save tbe
biisiness jof jlHe country Irorhdisas;
trouaealemities: and this cah be almost,
imperceptibly jaccompiished by grad*
ually funding
in eeuiii itien that ma f be made re
deemable at the pleasure, of the Gdr*
ermnent;
I Our debt ;
doubly in j,
developed resip urcesTor*’ Vyuitisry*j r
and next in the character! of our inati-.
■tiitione. ) TLe most -intelligent observ
era among pc IHieal- ecbiioinists\oave
niil failed t> remarks that the public
dobvof a. comitry ,is, safe in propb’fc'
tibn as its people' are free; that the
debt of . a republic liar the eafest of gib
Our hiatbiy esnfirms and establishes
the them - , aid is, I firmly believe,
dostinedj’to give it 'a stillLmore,signal
illustration. The secret df thia sqp6-
ripnty springe " not merely from the
fapt that it a republic thenauonai
obligations aro distributedmore wjda-
.{countless numbers, in all
bldssea.o’f society; ft has its roots in tbd
character oil cur laws!, He?e all meti
contribute to the public Welfare, and’
bear their . fair share, of- the'public
burdens. Tbo property and. income
ofitho' conn j,rr should bear their just
proportion pf the bnrdeti ifc>f taxation;
while irionr -impost Bystem,throngh
means bf whibh inoroased vitality is
indiden taliy i rnpafted to a|l tbe. indua- -
trial iutbre»iB|of the, nation,, the duties
should BefM adjusted as tip full moat
heavily! uppo artielea of luxury, leav
ing the of life as tree from
taxation as phle‘absolute Want® of the
governmentjeconomicallyadministei
edj will jdstlty. No .favored class
should {demai.d.freedorri. from assess
ment, and the taxes should bo so dis
trihnted as not to fall uoduly dn the
pobr. but ratherj on - the accumulated
wealth j’.of the country, (Wievshpald •.
look at the n-atiboal debt just aS it is
-r-not as a national as' it
.heavy burden! on the industry of I the
country, to bp disebaegdd withoutun- '
nepesstjry delay; .:j|!/ jr^i:
It is estirnlaicd by the c#
the’ Treasury {that the expendtta res Of
the fiscal year ending, the'3gUpf;3fib<Sj
1866, Will exceed the rcoelpUs
1JM,947. It is gratifying, [hpWbver, td
stdto that it i| also eslitriatCd that the
rjfyennjeYbr |tno y.ear ; June 30;
1867, will expeed the expenditures iti
the sun of 8111,682,819.1 i This am’t,
or Iso much 1 1 as may be suffi
cient for the Wufpose, may! bo (applied
| to] tbd reduction of the jpUblio'dcbt,
which ion 31«tj Oct., 1 1865, wap $2'740,-
854,740. Every reduction will dimin
ish tbe tota| amount of interest lp be
paid, find «o| enlarge Ihe means of stili
farther reducjtiohß, until the' whole
sbkU be liquidated;"and this. as'will be
Seen from thie estimates , of the-Sette-i
lury of the i Treasury; : may be accom
plished by annual pay ments eVen with--
ib a period riot exceeding .{thirty yehrs.
The. Ijopartments of Agritnlttifo,
wnderj llsprlesent direction, isaCComr
plishing muctf id developing Snd ntiU
izing the vaBt|agriCDltural oapabilitiea
of|lhe country, and for information,
respecting thb details of its . manage* i
ment,] feferpnlce isjnade td tholannnal
report Commissioner*- ' l l 1
I have dwelt ihus fullyj on Our do
raeslip afluirS .bocauaeof their itian*
scendent importance. j tinder ’ anjr
cifMmatandeSjOur grbat dxtent ot -tor-*
■■ "V N- • -II -i . ’MTi ' U i-.r-l ■ I
:!• [oo]
i v v is
■ t-
EMI
■for
-- -V
''VEBTWER*..
4d at tb«nt«<rf)i
rtbMqdMt :
wost nato Uyiarijr
•tb Bnw ofHlil* »ypV
*V4 [••pavT*
cent. iddltion ,'t(|i.Mg
i, 76 cents • Une, per ysst
Deaths, Religious,
i of a public nature, fife*.... .
.r - ... i
ip OK- tOV%tA | VAOS. J I
!
. !
-C*J i.
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r
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II
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