Democratic watchman. (Bellefonte, Pa.) 1855-1940, January 08, 1932, Image 1

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    BY GEORGE R. MEEK.
-—If there were a little more pray-
er for strength there might be less
whimpering over the consequences
of weakness.
—Others may think as they like
about the reported break between
Al Smith and Franklin D. Roosevelt,
but we stick to the belief that Al
will be found in Roosevelt's corner
when the final show.down comes.
—Since we have already heen
hooked we have no interest in Leap
Year other than that it makes it
ninety-six days,
five, until we can start out to do a
little hooking on our own account. |
—Tuesday, January 5, 1932, takes '
a place in our memory something
akin to “the big wind in Ireland”
and “the wet spring of '34.” On that
day we saw Nittany valley farmers
plowing both sod and cornstalks.
Surely that was a sight we never
recall having seen in mid-winter.
—QGovernor Pinchot was down in
Washington on Monday blabbing
about what he is giving to the poor
and what Mr. Mellon isn't giving.
It would be interesting to know just
what proportion of his income Mr.
Pinchot was giving to anything be-
fore political ambition awakened his
generosity.
—The Hon. Hampy Moore is again
Mayor of Philadelphia and is talk-
ing his head off about curbing profii-
gacy and cleaning up that city. All
of which might sound good if every-
body didn't know that when Hampy
was in the same office, just twelve
years ago, he didn’t do a thing to
justify any faith in his present
promises.
—Maj. Eugene H. Lederer, burgess |
of State College, has thrown a mon-
instead of ninety-
VOI. 77.
BE
OLD BOROUGH COUNCIL
PASSED ISLAND ORDINANCE
BEFORE ADJOURNMENT.
New Council Organized by Electing
John S. Walker, President, W.
T. Kelly, Secretary.
The final session of borough coun-
cil which has functioned during the
past two years was very quiet and
orderly, and devoid of any sensation-
!al incidents. Every member was
present with the exception of the
retiring member, Robert Kline, and
| the last official act was passing the
borough ordinance taking over “The
Island,” in Spring creek under the
right of eminent domain. Every
one of the eight members of council
voted for the ordinance.
When council convened a Mr. Wag-
ner, representing the Travelers Acci-
dent Liability company, presented to
council a proposition to place acci-
| dent insurance on the water depart.
| ment for a premium of $100 per
year. The matter was referred to
the Water committee.
Secretary Kelly read the annual’
report of fire marshall John J.
Bower, for which a vote of thanks
was extended. (The report is pub-
!lished in full in another column.)
| The Street committee presented
the request of the Johnston Motor
| Bus company that their allotted park-
STATE RIGHTS AND FEDERAL UNION.
LLEFONTE,
PA.,
FIREMEN SCORE RECORD
DURING THE PAST YEAR.
Bellefonte firemen hung up anoth-
er record for efficiency during the!
past year when they held the total
value of property destroyed by fire
within the borough limits to slight-
ly more than five thousand dollars,
according to the annual report of
fire marshall John J. Bower, sub-
mitted to borough council on Mon-
day evening. Mr. Bower's report,
in full, was as follows:
To the President and Members of the
i
Town Council of Bellefonte: |
In accordance with the ordinance devoid of any unusual features, The defendant, Musser J. Coldren, |
governing the fire department of the
borough I beg to submit the follow-
ing report for the year ending De-
cember 31st, 1931:
The department responded to sev-
enty-five calls, divided as follows:
Twenty-eight general alarms, thirty
still alarms and seventeen out-of-
town calls. In so doing they trav-|
eled one hundred and seventy-five
miles, laid seventy-four hundred and
fifty feet of 2'¢ inch hose, used sev-
en hundred and thirty-three gallons
of chemicals and five hundred gal-
lons of water through booster lines,
raised five hundred and sixty feet of
ladders, and were in service forty-
three and one half hours.
i
)
was twelve o'clock noon,
JANUARY S, 1
NEW COUNTY OFFICIALS
SWORN INTO OFFICE
ON MONDAY MORNING
Ceremony Took
Judge Fleming on the Bench.
932.
NO. 2.
JUDGE FLEMING REFUSES
TO LIFT NON-SUIT IN
DETWILER-COLDREN CASE.
Place in Open Court, In an opinion and decree handed |
‘down, on Tuesday, Judge M. Ward
Fleming refused to lift the non-suit
For the first time in a quarterof ;, the famous Detwiler-Coldren case
the county officials chosen by the
voters in November having been in
ducted into office on Monday morn-
ing. The ceremony took place at
ten o'clock in open court, before
Judge Fleming. It was brief and
save the fact that
County Commissioner J. Victor Brun.
gart and Coroner W. R. Heaton,
failed to arrive on time,
|& century every major county office which has been hanging fire for al-
is now in the hands of a Democrat, most three years, and was brought
|to determine the ownership of a nar-
* | row strip of land on the top of Nit- The bus, a great Eastern stage, left the
'tany mountain. When the case was
originally tried in the Centre coun-
ty court it resuited in a verdict for
the plaintiff, J. H. Detwiler.
two officials, took an appeal to the Superior court
and the case was sent back to the
lower court for retrial. It came up
doubtless at the November term of court and |
SPAWLS FROM THE KEYSTONE.
—Four masked robbers held up four-
teen men at a card game in Philadelphia
and escaped with $300 in cash and jew-
| elry valued at $500.
—According to a compilation made by
| the State election bureau there are 3,-
859,985 registered voters in Pennsylvania.
The census report for 1930 fixes the pop-
| ulation of the State at 9,631,350, so that
| there are approximately 5,771,365 who
| had not attained voting age when the
| rast census was taken.
| —A nephew to whom he had given a
| home eloped with his wife, Arthur
| Hosler, of Beaver township, Columbia
| county, told police in asserting he want-
| ed his wife back. Hosler's wife, 28,
| and Frederick Hosler, 23, left with their
| belongings several days ago, Hosler
, said. He said they tried to steal his
| car and when they failed took his new
| license plates.
—Thirty-seven persons, among them a
| number of cadets returning to West
Point after holiday vacations, were in-
| jured near Stoyestown, on Monday,
when an east bound bus left the high-
way, overturned and caught fire. The
accident took place on a curve on a hill
| Lincoln Highway, leaped a two-foot
| ditch and overturned. Fire broke out
immediately. Stoyestown firemen ex-
tinguished the blaze.
—A bullet from a New Year's cele-
brant’'s revolver wounded Miss Dora
Smiley, 53 years old, as she leaned from
| a window at her home in Dunbar. She
lis in the Connellsville hospital. The
revolyer was fired by John Burnice, 40,
under the impression that the hour when the plaintiff sought to submit whose home is about 100 yards from that
were sworn
thonotary.
S. Claude Herr, Prothonotary-
and they certain testimony in contravention to of Miss Smiley.
in later by the Pro- tne deed the court refused to admit niece had gone upstairs to retire.
it, decreeing that the deed,
‘was the proper evidence.
itself,
It was
|elect, was sworn in by Judge Flem- then that attorneys for the defend-
ing. Before administering the oath ant made a motion for a non-suit,
the Judge took occasion to say to which was granted.
Mr. Herr that his relations with him gecree, this week, leaves Coldren the
during the past four years had been rightful owner of the land in ques-
exceedingly pleasant; that he had tion, but an exception for the plain-
made a very capable and efficient tiff was noted and he can carry the
The total value of the buildings court officer and he anticipated case to the Superior court if he 80 ihe duties of the office.
The court's
involved was $371,800.00. Contents another four years of congenial as- desires.
$176,200.00. Insurance on
1 $258,525.00 and on contents $1
300.00. The loss on buildings was
!
"|
| sociation. He then administered the
oath.
Prothonotary Herr then adminis-
key wrench into the Chase-Kurtz ;,. o,,00 in the Diamond be chang-
congressional muddle in our District. | 4" from along the side of the court
The Major has decided to become 8 ,,56 yard to the north corner in|
candidate for the nomination himself |g. 0: of same, which was referred
and relieve the two sitting states- |; the Street committee with power.
men of any squabble as to which of rhe committee also called the at-
them is to have the one seat in tenjon of council to the bad condi-
Congress.
— New Hampshire has elected her er Chevrolet building, on High street,
first Democrat to Congress in ten and the secretary was instructed to
years. And it can’t be said that notify the owners to make repairs.
he was elected because he is wet.
His opponent also ran on a wet
and is a very popular ex.
Governor of the Green Mountain
State. It was a clean cut victory
for Democracy and an unmistakable
index of the changing tide of politi-
the fact that the Linn street sewer,
at the corner of Allegheny and Linn
streets, is again clogged up and sug-
gested as the only remedy for a
recurrence of the trouble is to put
down a new and larger sewer. The
matter was referred to the Street
| tion of the pavement long the Deck-
Mr. Emerick called attention to
$4010.00, and on contents $1208.00, tered the oath to the other officers
or a total loss in the borough of :
$5218.00, or a per capita loss of in the following order: Sheriff John
$1.08%%. This is in excess of the per
| capita 08s last year but the per. | F- Hunter, Register John L. Wets-
ler, Recorder D. A. McDowell, Coun-
centage of loss this is only
1.00116 as against "0072 last year, ty Commissioners John S. Spearly |
and the average loss per alarm was and County
$10.64 less than last year. | Auditors Robert D. Musser, David
The causes of the various alarms A, Holter and Clarence A. Yearick,
were as follows: Burning flues 14;
defective flues 9; sparks on |and County Surveyor J. Thompson
8 . | Henry.
from fives 15: buck fre in autos 3; | After all had been sworn in
. Judge Fleming, in a few brief re.
grass fires 2; short circuit 2; marks, extended a welcome to all the
| works 1; sparks from cupola 1; new officials and their appointees,
| overheated gas engine 1; defective assuring them of the co-operation
| wiring 1. and support of the Court in making
their administration in office not
cal sentiment in the country.
—All the new county officers are at
their posts. Here's that their
service to the public will be without
fear. or favor and with an eye single
to the best interests of the taxpay-
ers and to the credit of the Demo-
cratic party. It made the gratifi-
cation of their ambitions possible by
them its standard bearers.
It pledged its faith in them to the
voters of Centre county. It is now
their's to see that that faith is kept.
—We are not given to blowing
our own horn, but because “a proph-
et is not without honor save in
his own country” we get some com-
pensation for our efforts to produce
an unusual country newspaper out
of the knowledge that the Watch-
man is probably the most quoted
weekly in Pennsylvania. Last year
its news or its views were given
poxes in the front pages of thetwo
greatest dailies in the State and
written into the Legislative Record
at Harrisburg during the recent
jpecial session of the Legislature.
—While walking near the White
House, on New Year's day, Mrs.
Hoover discovered pansies blooming
na flower bed and pointed out her
ind to her distinguished husband.
lhe incident made the front pages
>f the metropolitan pages. While
walking in our back yard on Christ-
mas morning the woman whose
sternal “the furnace needs attention”
Ss the news we have no nose for
slucked a boutonniere of pansies
‘or our button-hole. We wore them
all day Christmas and even the
Watchman forgot to mention it last
week.
—In Bellefonte the New Year
wasn't ushered in with the usual
jin. Of course some whistles blew,
s>ut the sexton of the Methodist
shurch fell down on his job terribly.
Usually he hangs onto that old bell
rope long after all other welcomers
jave been tired out. A few feeble
were all he could do for
1932. On Sunday morning we heard
‘he pastor very adroitly refer to the
‘act that his own salary for Novem-
ser had not yet been paid and at
mce we began to wonder whether
he sexton’s lapse on New Year's
we was due to the same cause.
—If we are to believe what Sus-
juehanna county people say the Pin-
shots have abandoned the old prac-
dce of building political fences.
They are building roads instead.
he Mrs, you know, is going to
se a candidate for Congress again
n the Fifteenth District and when
‘he Commissioners of Susquehanna
:ounty called on Highway Commis-
sioner Sam Lewis, last week, to in-
juire as to who is bossing location
ind construction of the roads they
wre helping to pay for all they
ould find out was that ‘Mrs. Pin-
hot's representative” in the district
8s the dictator.
committee with power.
The Water committee reported
minor repairs and the colléction of
$350.00 on water taxes.
The Finance committee presented
water fund $2656.69. Notes totaling
1$31956.40 were presented for renew-
al. The committee, however, re-
| ported that the treasurer had an
opportunity to borrow almost five
thousand dollars at five per cent in-
terest and recommended that he be |
| authorized to do so and pay off a
similar amount of bank notes now
drawing six per cent. Council so
authorized.
The Fire and Police committee
recommended that the annual appro-
priation of $250 be made to each
fire company, which was authorized.
The Sanitary committee presented
the monthly report of health officer
S. M. Nisslgy.
Neither the Town Improvement
nor the Special committees had any
reports to offer.
As the final matter of business the
the report of the borough treasurer °&
which showed a balance in the bor-
iough fund of $3668.08 and in the,
ah Ag Jepaita and supplies
was ; care of apparatus
{washing hose $154.50;
$72.38. :
|
condi chemi-
inch |
during |
gallion |
ing capacity of 2350 min
‘ute. During the year a new block
‘has been placed in the White pump-
ler and all the equipment is ex- |
| cellent condition. i
| Though we responded to seventeen |
out-of-town cai's, not a single dollar
was received for this service and I!
| believe, as in most departments,’
there should be some fixed
| for service outside of the bo! |
land would that this matter
| be considered council. i
On behalf of the department, and
| personally, I wish to thank council
| for its hearty co-operation and aid.
| JOHN J, BOWER, Chief.
| PEN
EASTER THIS YEAR WILL
Hy BE UNUSUALLY EARLY.
| Easter this year will fall on Sun-
Island ordinance was taken up, read
for the third time and passed. | day, March 27th, which is unusually
Borough bills amounting to $2,-
868.71 and water bills for $2152.05,
and approximately $500 for interest
and a West Penn Power bill for
$909.20 for pumping during the year
(provided it is found correct on in-
vestigation) were approved for pay-
ment.
adjourned sine die.
Burgess Hardman P. Harris, be-
ing present, administered the oath
of office to the councilmen elected
W. H. Doll, of the South ward, and
M. M. Cobb, of the West ward. He
also administered the oath to poor
overseers Alexander Morrison and
Edward Klinger, and borough audi-
tors C. L. Gates and John W. Smith.
The burgess then called the new
council to order and an organization
was perfected by the re-election of
John 8. Walker, as president; W. T.
Kelly, secretary, and George Car-
peneto, borough treasurer.
The burgess then made a brief
talk to council in which he stated
that he had refused to endorse an
application for the installation of a
new gas and oil service station at
the corner of Bishop and Wilson
streets, and recommended that no
more such permits be granted, and
that an effort be made to reduce the
number of such stations now on the
streets. He also suggested that
council make an effort to clean up
the streets, alleys and garage lot
parking space of the derelicts of old
cars which are such an eyesore to
any town. He also advocated a
general cleaning up of the town, es-
The minutes of the meeting were
then read and approved and council
in November—John S. Walker, of
the North ward; Harry Badger and |
{early. In fact only a few timesin
/the past fifty years has this feast
'day been so early in the season.
| Ash Wednesday will fall on Febru- |
lary 10th. Both Memorial day and
| the 4th of July will fall on Monday
| this year and Christmas on Sunday.
| Electign day will be the latest, this
bro it can possibly be, November
=
pecially the approaches thereto, call-
ing specific attention to the dump
along north Water street which
{could be made a beauty spot by
cleaning up the old tin cans
rubbish and planting trees and
evergreens, which can be secured
from the State Forestry department
free of cost. To do so now would
also furnish work for men out of
employment. The burgess also read
a telegram he received, on Monday,
from United States Senator James |
J. Davis asking if Bellefonte is in|
need of federal aid for the unemploy-
ed, and to which he had answered
that it is not.
The new council having reorgan-
ized secretary Kelly presented the
written applications of Harry Duke-
man for re-appointment as chief of
police and Thomas Howléy for re-
appointment as police officer, both
of which were referred to the Fire
and Police committee.
The secretary also presented the
bonds of poor overseers Alexander
Morrison and Edward Klinger, in
the sum of $2000, which were ap-
proved by council.
There being no other business
council adjourned.
—S8ubscribe for the Watchman.
‘commissions in hand and ready
take. charge of his office at
twelve o'clock noon, the hour for the
(change, with the exception of Coun-|gnq in another block with only his |
ty Treasurer Hunter, whose com-
mission had not yet arrived.
The retiring County Treasurer,
Lyman L. Smith, had on hand ap- tne same man
proximately $32,000 to turn over to cymstances it would not only be il- |
his successor, which was several
thousand dollars more than he re-
ceived four years ago.
The retiring Sheriff, Harry E.
Dunlap, turned over to John M. Boob
practically a jail full of prisoners,
or to be exact, thirty-one, which
was just twenty-one more than he
received from Sheriff Taylor four
years ago. Sheriff Boob has in.
duced Mrs. Dunlap to continue in
charge of the clerical work in the
office, for a while at least, and she
has consented to do so. He has
also appointed John J. Bower as his
attorney.
All other appointees have already
been published in the Watchman and
they were all on hand on Monday
| morning.
The Commissioners, at their first
meeting on Monday, appointed Mr.
and Mrs. John Breon as janitors for
the first floor of the court house and
Lewis Wian to have charge of the
second floor.
ECONOMIES TO SAVE
RAISE IN TAX RATE
The new board of County Com-
missioners, this week, decided to
county expenses
but provide enough money so that
some can be used to reduce the
floating indebtedness.
The Commissioners have also
changed the days for holding their
stated meetings each week from |EU™
Tuesdays and Fridays to Mondays
and Thursdays. Every person should
make a note of this fact in the
event they have business to trans-
act with the board.
——The passenger train on the
Lewisburg branch, due in Bellefonte
at 9.03 o'clock a. m., did not reach
Bellefonte, on Tuesday, until 1.40 p.
m., having been held at Sunbury on
account of a big freight wreck on
the P. and E. division, near Ingle-
nook. Ten cars were piled up,
one box car being shoved on top of
another and both being thrown side.
ways across the tracks. Nobody
was injured.
JUDGE FLEMING RULES ON
| SCHOOL DIRECTOR CASE.
| Down in Liberty township two
|at the election in November. Four |
| names appeared on the ballot: L. S.
| Bolopue and Norris I. Harter, Re-
publicans, N.I. Harter and Raymond
Gardner, Democrats. Bolopue re-
ceived 184 votes; Norris I. Harter
114; N. I. Harter 58, and Raymond
Gardner 119.
In counting the votes the return
board did not consolidate the vote
of Norris I. Harter and N. I. Har-
ter for the geason that they had no
way of knowing if the two names
the same man and the
matter was left up to the court to
on Tuesday, Judge Fleming stated
|that any man who had his name
|placed on the ballot, first with his
| christened name spelled out in full, |
| initials was misleading to the voters,
some of whom might, and in this in-
stance probably did, vote twice for
Under such cir-
legal but might work an injustice |
to other candidates. And while
| Mr. Harter, if all the votes he re-
| ceived were counted for him would
|have 172 votes ind thereby be the
| second highest man, in common
| justice to all only the votes cast for
him as Norris I. Harter could be
considered, and as this vote of 114
was five votes less than that of
Raymond Gardner, who received 119,
the latter was declared the duly
elected school director. i
While this was the only case at
the last election in which there was
any doubt as to the result. there
were a number of instances where
a man who wa# a candidate on both |
the Republican and Democratic
his full name on one
Miss Smiley and a
The
former leaned from a second floor win-
dow to listen to the noisy greeting of
! the New Year when she was hit by the
bullet,
| —Thomas S. Stephenson, of Altoona,
was on Monday named by President
Hoover to be Surveyor of Customs at
Philadelphia. The appointment is ex-
pected to be ratified by the Senate next
| week, when Mr. Stephenson will assume
| Mr. Stephenson
| succeeds James E. Rininger. also of Al-
toona. He was chairman of the Davis-
| Brown committee of Blair county in the
1930 primary. Rininger, a candidate for
re-appointment, supported former Sena-
tor Grundy during the 1530 primary.
Boob, County Treasurer Robert . hoo] directors were to be chosen —Eight-four Pennsylvania farmers
qualified for membership in the famous
Keystone 400 bushel potato club in 1881,
Three 600-bushel yields were recorded.
H. J. Walton and Sons, Chester county,
| who grew 696 bushels in 1928, the high-
est yeild in the history of the club, again
have the leading yield of the year 637.3
bushels on a measured acre. Gustafson
Brothers, McKean county, produced 605
bushéls and Harry Callie, Northampton
county, raised 604.5 bushels, the first
time either had qualified for the club.
~The Baltimore and Ohio railroad com-
pany took possession of the B. R. and
P. offices in Clearfield, Friday, the
change being part of the re-allocation of
railroads approved some months ago by
Federal authorities, and which has been
unofficially in existence since then. The
personnel of the office was not changed.
however, they will adopt the Baltimore
and Ohio system of managing the office.
The Clearfield office, and line running
into Clearfield is now known and operat-
ed as part of the Baltimore and Ohio
system.
—Three armed men who last week held
up a truck loaded with sixty bales of
silk valued at $30,000, near Mount Po-
cono, are still at large, although de-
tails of State police are searching the
mountain region for them. Horace Marsh,
of Scranton, driver of the silk truck, was
on his way through Mount Pocono when
the gunmen jumped on his truck, he
| told police. They ordered him from the
machine and he escaped
| woods and gave the alarm. State troop-
through the
ers quickly on the scene found the ban-
'dits had fled and left the truck of silk
behind them.
—The equivalent of a train nearly six
miles long will be turned out of the
Berwick shops of the American Car and
Foundry company, in filling its order for
500 all-steel subway cars for New York
city. In each of the new cars will be
10,371 feet of electric wire, varying from
19 to 637 strands which, if made into a
tickets used single strand, would be 43 miles long.
party and only his initials on the Other items in each car will include 20.-
other. ‘This decision of the court 000 rivets, 12,300 screws, 1200 cotters,
should result in candidates being 1200 bolts, 5000 nuts, 4600 lock washers,
more careful in the future and, | 787 pleces of conduit with a total length
when candidates on more than one °f 3% Jeu: M31 piéCen iol 1s vive, Wg
| 1600 different pressed. forged or cast
party ticket they should use their , =." 0 sea or aluminum.
names the same way on both.
. Ridgway and St. Mary's police cap-
ROBBERS tured three men early on Sunday at a
POLICE AND roadhouse between St. Mary's and Ridg-
BATTLE IN PHILIPSBURG. | yy for the robbery of the Shaneen Ga-
|
. rage in Ridgway. The thieves drove
Philipsburg was aroused at 1:30 | yp oir car into the garage and loaded in
o'clock yesterday morning by a reg-|; 4 gmall safe, a radio set and some ac-
ular cannonading on the lower end cessories. Police raided the roadhouse
of Presqueisle street. | known as the New Moon and arrested
Watchman Hickson of the First! the proprietor, H. E. Rosenhover, who,
| National bank discovered two or it was understood, implicated Roy Rog-
three men trying to break into the ers. 35. and Lyle Shaver, 25, of Ridgway,
in the robbery. The safe was found
Mo ; ke Moms Jo: Bo ae Porenk: | buried in a 12-foot well. The bottom
had been knocked out, All valuables,
Jeffries and the two opened fire on
| papers and the $4000 worth of diamonds
the robbers. The shots were prompt- | were found except one ring and a dia-
ly returned and there was a regular | mond. Police say three more are im-
fusiliage tat } brought Mickey Mc- plicated in the robbery.
, watchman at the Swift] :
What his wife leaves of his estate at
plant, near by, into action with his |, . gon is to be turned over to First
| National bank of Shickshinny, as trustee,
Shots flew thick and fast, Win-| for investment and re-investment until it
dows in Small's barber shop, the reaches $1,000,000, Dr. Ellis A. Santee,
Hudson building and a parked car former health commissioner of Cortland,
were broken and Cochran got a bul- N. ¥., and retired lecturer who died re-
let through his trouser leg. |
The robbers escaped, however. The
Moose have been robbed twice re-
cently.
——For a fortnight special meet-
ings are planned for the Bellefonte
Methodist church beginning Sunday,
Jan. 24. The will be as-
sisted by Dr. G. 8. Womer, of Phil-
ipsburg, Pa., and B. Vincent Gal-
braith and daughter, Miss Kather-
ine V., who specialize as pianist,
guitarist in wonderful sacred song
programs.
cently at Muhlenburg Luzerne county,
directed in His will filled on Friday for
probate. When and if the fund reaches
$1,000,000 it is to be used, according to
the will, as gifts under the direction of
the education board of Pennsylvania
State Grange. If the education board
fails to function, the net income of the
trust is to go to the Children’s home of
Cortland, N. Y., a residuary legatee.
The estate is valued at $15,000. Use of
the estate and household goods is left
with Dr. Santee’'s widow, Jane Wood
Santee, during her life. From the fund
the will proposes deductions are to be
made for the care of burial lots and
caretakers.