Democratic watchman. (Bellefonte, Pa.) 1855-1940, January 01, 1932, Image 7
tellefonte, Pa., January 1, 1932. "our He alth THE FIRST CONCERN. (AT NEXT FOR MOTHERS AND BABIES? 1 didn't know the Government an, for mothers and babies,” i a mother who had heard for first time of a child health con-. ence in her county. She travel- twenty miles to attend it, and . route included a trip across a untain river in a swinging basket pended from a cable, a baby in © arms. ture in the story of maternity i infancy work, so vividly does it the keen need and the eager re- mse to proffered help. “housands of mothers discovered ‘ew years ago that, after all, the vernment did do something for thers and babies. By thousands wy drove long miles, through storm sun, to child health conferences, find out, for instance, “why the yy has colic all the time" —and rn surprising news about regular- of feeding, cod.liver oil, sterilized tles, and fruit juices. Or to find .t Johnnie's teeth are so bad be- se his diet lacks fresh vegetables. what they should do to make . coming of the next baby less jgerous than that of the first. Or ‘naps why the first baby died un- . the ministration of an ignorant 1 superstitious mid-wife. Other yusands of women received home its from the nurses, who also trav- d weary miles—sometimes ford- - swollen rivers or riding along a and desolate trails—to bring p to mothers bearing their chil- mn in places hopelessly remote sm hospital or doctor. Chis is the kind of work that for sen years was carried on under » Sheppard-Towner Act jointly by ate and nation. Two years and half the nation dropped out, ving it all to the States. Yet the ited States was first of all the sat nations to recognize, by ine ation of a Federal Children's reau, the protection of childhood a function of government. Why, ving done that, did it draw out of s educational work for mothers d babies? Is there a good rea- a? The 7ly t w Congress uestion will be asked search- this coming winter whep the 0] And the or- Re. the country will emphatic no. the work isn't babies die. . In spite of death rate, it is timated that every year in this untry we lose about 250,000 babies der one year of age, and that jst of these deaths are prevent- le; and that sixteen thousand sthers die yearly of causes con- cted with childbirth, most of whom ed not have died. No, the Government didn’t pull out cause the work is done. But let's -all how it began. WHY BABIES DIE When the Children's Bureau was seated in 1912 our Government was ther ignorant about its babies. It in't even know the number born ch year, because only eight States 4 birth registration. It didn't ow exactly how many died, though timates indicated that about 300,- 0 died every year before reach- z their first birthday. It didn't ow: accurately why those babies >A. - The Children's Bureau began aking surveys to get solid infor- ation on ai these points. Eve knows now what they und out: first, that poverty kills bies—slums, dirt, low wages take avy toll; but that ignorance kills bies, too, and that they can be ved if their parents know how te ve them proper care. Another artling discovery was that condi- ms connected with childbirth were ble for more deaths among ymen between fifteen and forty- ur years of other age than any _except tuberculosis, and that fifty per cent of these use. rhaps aths were preventable. The Children's Bureau attacked ese conditions in many Aways. wey began to issue a series of bul- :ins—Prenatal Care, Infant Care, 1ld Care—written with the aid of © best specialists in the country. illiens of these have been distrib- ed, free during the aveli iild Welfare Special-—carried the me truths about on wheels. Cl sifare work already under way was This is almost a classic eh | health clinic—the famous 'DO WHAT YOU CAN IN FOREST CONSERVATION. person fails to see any reason why ne should take spe- cis! interest in such matters as con- i tion of natural resources, re- Serva | prolong their torestation of areas denuded by the lumber industry or prohibition of pollution of our streams and rivers. rie argues ploitea by capital for the creation of wealtn; that forest areas are privately owned or controlled for the same purpose; for profit by a few. Therefore, he asks, “Why should I become inter- ested any further than to approve means and and control those who are making money by using all these things 7" He wants to know “where do I come in?" Ev man, woman and child does come in and to a greater extent than they may be aware. For instance, there a luxury, because, in a measure the should have been, as witness the fact that millions of tons of river coal were salvaged during the strike. Again, the wastefulness of forest timber when it was so cheap and the present necessity of “long haul” transportation of what we are now using, have increased the cost of our homes practicaily a hundred percent. Still again, our rivers and streams poisoned by industrial wastes, and sewage, no longer con- tribute to our food supply, and their waters cannot be used for manufac- turing purposes, much less for drinking purposes, without filtration and chemical treatment. All this places a burden on us to remove which requires both public and pri- vate expenditure of money, of which we all pay our share. Public right is, it is true, greater than private right, but of what avail unless public right is asserted. This was Roosevelt's proposition when he began his crusade for con- servation of natural resources, re. forestation of areas acquired for this purpose as public domain, and prohibition of stream and river pol- lution. It's the underlying prin ciple of the observance of National Reforestation Week. What if our coal mines are owned by great corporations—their pro ducts keep our factories in opera- tion, our railroads, steamships, light and power plants. What if 97 per cent of our forests are privately owned—their products are utilized in a towering pyramid of industry and commerce. What if our streams are abused-—they can be returned to their original service to man, be- sides supplying an abundance of cheaper power. Therefore, in these sources of wealth every man who earns a wage or salary is directly or indirectly interested, more so than he may think. Every man who is engaged in business dependent on the prosperity of the wage earner, is vitally interested if he will but analyze the problem presented Every person is interested, because of the cost of food, clothes, shelter, education, amusement, transporta- tion, and so on. And the problem of conservation, forestation and pre- vention of stream pollution will not be solved as they should be, until every person makes it his or he: business to see that they are solved The conservation of fuel has been forced upon us by circumstances which might not have obtained had laws been passed in 1902 when sc emphatically demanded by conser- vationists. Our lumber supply would have been practically exhausted had not measures adopted in 1807 post- poned the prospect till 1850. In creating national forest areas the government set the example to cap- |italists, and there are today nearly ‘half a billion acres of reforested {lands. Capitalist reforestation looks 'to private gain; only government re- forestation will determine what that ‘gain shall be—this, and what refor- | estation farmers and others may ‘ make. Between the government and citi- zens as individuals in full co-opera- ‘tion there is a possibility that in [1950 one monopoly may be practically Jestioed that of lumber supply. It is here that you can come in to do your part, if you have only a small plot of ground. Every tree planted by so much reduces the control of the future lumber supply by the lumber kings even if they plant too. At present they are planting faster than the ronment ‘and citizens combined, t can be 8 if the people can see their own best est all denuded areas as rapidly as it is possible to do so. This done ultimately reforestation should produce cheaper homes, cheaper everything in the construc- tion of which wood is utilized. —There is an old superstition that nine holly leaves tied in a handker- chief with nine knots and placed un- Child der the pillow on Christmas night will cause the sleeper to dream. of resources are ex- measures to regulate is being paid for anthracite coal today a price that makes fuel interests, and take part in| the government's purpose to refor- imulated. Baby Week campaigns his or her future wife or husband. \d the Children’s Year, sponsored women’s organizations, eration with the Children’s Bureau, rove to hold up child care stand. ds against the down-thrust of war. eantime the Children’s Bureau ished the extension of birth regis- ation. But more was needed. As early 1917, Julia Lathrop, the bu- au's first chief, had proposed a an for the “public protection of aternity and infancy.” It was actically this plan that was adopt- . hy Congress in November, 1921, the Sheppard-Towner Bill. In General Federation of ‘omen’s Clubs, and many others, ok a leading and an energetic in co-| | The Sheppard-Towner Bill worked ‘like this: There was an annual ap- | propriation of $1,240,000 of the Gov- ernment’'s money for a five-year per- jod. Not more than $50,000 of this was’ to be spent in administration. | Health 2. | The balance was to be divided among the States accepting the Act (there was nothing compulsory about it, of | course)—$5,000 outright to each State devoting $5,000 of its own money to the work, and the rest, also if matched with State money, to | be allotted among the States on the ' basis of population. Rather a mod- especially when |of millions, that are freely granted |as federal aid for roads, hogs, crops, business. I - (Concluded next week.) FAKM NOLES. | —Fruit growers should dadetuny store all equipment now. Picking | bags will be safe from injury DY | pimps, wwe omy species ui lone pheasant ‘mice if hung over a suspended wire. A 3 Liberal use of paint on ladders will | usefulness. equipment can be repaired later. | Spinach varieties that taste good | and are slow to shoot to seed were ‘grown in 61 demonstration gardens supervised by vegetable extension specialists of the Pennsylvania State ' College. Leading varieties were ‘King of Denmark, New Zealand, luis uuiuveiulp Long Standing Bloomsdale, and Vir- ginia Savoy. i —Good dairy cows, well fed and | cared for, will make money even un- der somewhat adverse market con-! ditions. Test your cows this winter | and get information on the work-| ing ability of each one. Then | ‘weed out the losers. : Posts for rebuilding fences can ‘be made now, piled on end, and al- supply has not been conserved as it lowed to season until spring. Se- lect the wood that will last longest in the ground. Black locust, catal- pa, black walnut, butternut, white oak, sassafras, and hart cherry are all good trees for this purpose. | Sound dead chestnut is also desir- able. | i i —Fall pigs need full feeding to insure rapid gains so they will be! ready for market in early spring and out of the way of the spring- farrowed pigs. A self-feeder is a lubor-saving device which will help to keep pigs on full feed. —The popping of popcorn is caus- ed by the sudden liberation of pres- sure produced by steam generated within the kernel. The best pop- ping is obtained when the grain con- tains 12 to 15 per cent moisture. When stored in heated rooms, the moisture content often becomes too low for good popping. ed There are special advantages in buying and hauling lime now for use next spring. Many manufacturers offer reduced prices or will give liberal time al- lowances in order to make sales! during this off season. Roads are good and teams are in condition to haul maximum loads now, while the opposite may be true in the spring. There is more time for hauling now than when spring work demands every possible minute of man and THE WILD TURKEY AN AMERICAN BIRD "fhe turkey is stricuy an American Lamy WOlcu 15 Dauve Lo tue New Wor, Lhe naturaus.s teu us. Like tne bisOn and toe prong-born ante- lope, it 18 American lo toe very heart. When the mst setters lana- ed on American shores wua turkeys were propaply 4s numerous as car- rier pigeons. Certainly they rang- ed from Ontario southward to Peru, 10m wit cat.allic Weorwaiu 4imost Wwe aWoaaes, and in droves some- wi the hundreds. | To be sure, the Mexican and Cen- | tral Amercan bird w.s not precisely | the same as that found farther north, being smaller and more high- | ly colored, sometimes carrying plum- | age vaguely resembling that of the peaccok. But all were of the same family. . The difference in the Northern and Southern birds, however, no doubt prompted the remarks of one | S. Clarke who in 1678 said: “The Turkeys in New England is a long Fowle of a black color, yet his flesh | is white; he is much bigger than our English Turkey; he hath long | Legges wherewith he can run as fast as a dog, and he can fly as fast as a goose.” England apparently | knew only the smaller, Southern va- | riety, imported from Mexico by way | of Spain. { The English settlers made good use of the “long Fowle, of a black color.” The turkey was so big as to be an easy mark for even the Resolved—to Save, Beginning Today inaccurate firearms of the day. It had not yet been hounded into the uncanny wilderness which today | makes it one of the most difficult of game birds to kill. | Teday every State where wild tur- | keys are to be found has laws to protect them. Pennsylvania allows fifteen days of hunting a year, with a bag limit of one to a hunter in a | season. In 1928 2362 turkeys were | bagged, and in 1929 this total was raised to 3834. The turkeys are slowly coming back In this State. West Virginia, however, has more, and they are fairly plentiful in the remote hills of Virginia, North Car- olina and East Tennessee. Florida's swamps still harbor a good many. The Ozarks of Missouri and Arkan- sas offer fair turkey shooting, and the pine woods of Arizona and New Mexico give haven to flocks of the Southern variety. Parts of Okla- homa and Texas still have turkeys, and the heavy woods along the Mis- sissippi from Cairo on down have sheltered turkeys for generations team labor. sul probatiy will continue to until | Comparatively little space is re. reclamation opens the country to] quired for storing the lime until settlers. Generally speaking, the needed. If land is fall-plowed, ground, limestone or lump lime may | be spread now and harrowed in next spring. --In the inspection of 47,576 col- onies of bees in 7,395 apiaries lo-| cated in 42 counties of Pennsylvania this year one out of every five colonies was found to be housed in illegal hives, states H.B. Kirk, chief inspector, bureau of plant in- | dustry, Pennsylvania Department of | Agriculture, in a report on the en- forcement of the Pennsylvania Bee! Law. Furthermore, one out every fourteen was found diseased. In an effort to control dsease, 2,163! colonies were burned. In Perry county 1,680 colcnies. were inspected, 17 were found dis- eased and 581 were illegally hived. -—A single hard-fought battle may cripple quack grass temporarily, but victory comes from continual sniping and strategy rather than from heavy ' fighting, according to H. B. Hart-| wig of the New York State College of Agriculture. The weed has fleshy creeping roots and when these roots are cut and ‘covered with earth they sprout like so many potato eyes. In addition, the plant grows seeds. With these two ways of spreading quack grass maintains itself persistently once it! is seeded, he explains. The first move in the campaign is The | ground and the dragging is repeated often enough 'to keep the green leaves from show- not disk, Mr. Hartwig, disking cuts and buries’ the root pieces and only spreads the quack. When the quack is drag- ged often enough and no leaves ap-| pear the plants have no opportunity to store food and the continued drag- ging helps starve and weaken the plants. The exposure to sunshine ‘also helps the starving process. Repeated draggings in the spring should weaken the quack so a smoth- er crop should complete the work. ' But many persons rely too muchon ' the smother crop without weaken- ing the quack first, he says. Alit-| tle cultivation stimulates the quack and is worse than none. It is the continued work, well timed, with a smother crop to complete the rout after the quack is weakened that) does the job. There is a possibility that dairy-| ‘men will soon be feeding fish oils as generally as do the poultrymen. The | latter feed cod liver oil to avoid rickets in growing stock, to hold the | health of the laying flock and to im- | prove hatchability. It is now be- | ing demonstrated that fish ofl that is rich in vitamin D will result in! healthier calves, will increase the useful life of the cow and is, in a measure at least, a safeguard 1gainst | breeding troubles. There is stillan| excess of cod liver oil over what is used for human consumption and for poultry. Investigations in the | United States prove the vilchard ofl, | 4.000.000 gallons of which are pro- | duced annually from California sar-| dines, is as rich in vitamin D ascod | !tiver oil. Tuna ofl. less abundant. is eoually rich. Salmon oil is half | ‘as rich. ‘The use of these oils in | dairv rations should receive more {attention from the research men on {one exterimental farms and in our | | colleges. | wild turkey will thrive and multiply in any wooded country if given prop- er protection from men with guns. Even domestic turkeys turned loose in the woods will, in a few years, take to the ways of their fathers. But commercially speaking and from an epicurean viewpoint the wild turkey is virtually gope from the United States. Thanksgiving and Christmas tur- keys.come from the pens of Ameri- | ca’s farmers. Not one in 10,000 | has ever tasted or ever will taste wild turkey. turkey, the tame ones. Here is one game bird which, while being wiped out by civilization has suc- ceeded in leaving its strain as the national delicacy of its native land. MANY BOOKS IN SCHOOL LIBRARIES [Hi There are, today approximately two million books in the school li- braries of the State, according to a statement by Dr. James N. Rule, state superintendent of public in- struction. Doctor Rule says: “The school library is an integral part of | a truly progressive education. It is both a universal and an individual subject of study. It supplements every other part of school life. In Ii} ; a background for Jf read- | opment of the habit I¥ ty library as a § i it. h C of a love for good of using the communi ) source for self improvement.” For thirty years preceding 1895, the laws of Pennsylvania forbade the | expenditure of public funds ol pie 1 purchase of library books use of pupils. Since the of | passage of | a law in that year permitting school HH districts to use public funds for this HH} libraries have been § purpose, school steadily growing. A SPECIALTY at the WATCHMAN OFFICE There is no style of work, the cheapest “Dodger” from to the fin- BOOK WORK that we can not do in the most satisfactory manner, and at Prices consistent with the class of work. Call on or communicate with this office. Employers, The Workman's Compensation Law went into effect Jan. 1, 1916. It makes insurance com- pulsory. We specialize in plac- ing such insurance. We inspect Plants and recommend Accident Prevention Safe Guards which Reduce Insurance rates. It will be to your interest to consult us before placing your Insurance. JOHN F. GRAY & SON State College Bellefonte This Interests You I se 1D ceane i ; It will be the finest resolution you have ever made, because it is a resolution that will not only take care of today but of tomorrow as well. The past few years of depression have proved to all that those who had saved were those who were saved. Deposit a part of || your weekly income every week whether you make $10 or $1,000. It will grow in propor- tion to suit your needs. This Bank is your convenient friend, conveniently located. THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK BELLEFONTE, PA. | Come to the “Watchman” office for High Class America’s = But everybody eats J SH ————— ————————— BO: For 80 cents you can telephone to friends, rela- tives or customers as far as 150 miles away—for friendly chats, family reunions, business trans- actions. And after 8:30 P. M. you can call them for only 50 cents! Just give the number to the op- erator (ask Information if you don’t know it) and “hold the line.” These low rates apply on Calls for a Number — when you do not ask the operator for a specific persen— and are for a S-minute connection. Job work: Fauble Store FOR YOUR Wam Wi We have it, and Priced Lower than at any time IN THE STORE'S HISTORY It’s here, if man or boy wears it A. FAUBLE