Scene in the Highlands of Guatemala.
(Prepared by the National Geographle
Soclety, Washington, D. C.)
UATEMALA, which has recent-
G ly had a boundary dispute
with its neighbor, Honduras,
is one of the most progressive
of the group of states that lles be-
tween Mexico and the Isthmus of
Panama,
Three days’ delightful steaming from
New Orleans through the Gulf of Mex-
ico and the western Caribbean takes
one to the sun-kissed shores of Gaute-
mala, where stately palms, stirred by
RE 0erlagen breezes, wave In greet-
The steady Increase of American
and other Interests has opened one of
the loveliest countries in the world,
and the building of railroads Is plac-
Ing within easy reach the enjoyment
of its natural beauties,
Most of the railroads are controlled
by Americans. From Puerto Barrios,
on the Caribbean, the northern road
runs a distance of 224 miles up to the
city of Guatemala, the capital. From
here starts the Guatemala Central
road, extending a distance of 74 miles
to the port of San Jose, on the Pacific,
The Guatemala Central railroad also
has several hundred miles of road
throughout the country. Recently a
branch line 88 miles in length was
put In service running from the city
of Retalhuleu to Ayutla, on the border
of Mexico, connecting directly with
the Pan-American road there. It Is
now possible to travel by railway from
New York city to the capital of Guate-
mala,
This country was for centuries the
home of the Maya-Quiche Indians,
whose history reads llke a romance.
Coretz, Now r, after the conquest of
ixico, de g to extend his power
over the country farther south, In 1522
sent an invading army under the com-
mand of Pedro de Alvarado to subju-
gate this powerful race.
Leaving Mexico with some 300 Span-
fards and a great number of Mexican
Indians, Alvarado fought his way Into
Guatemala, overcoming all who op-
posed him, and finally, on July 25,
1824, founded the first Spanish capital
under the name of Santiago de los
Caballeros (Saint James of the Cav-
allers). And so It happened that, in
a beautiful valley at the foot of two
great volcanoes, “Agua” and “Fuego”
(meaning water and fire), was firmly
established the Spanish rule which
was to last for nearly three centuries
—that is, until September 15, 1821,
when Guatemala became an Independ-
ent republic.
First City Twice Destroyed.
This first Spanish city was, however,
20 years later, almost completely
wiped out of existence by a great flood
of water which poured down upon it
from Agua. There has been much
controversy amoung scientists as to the
origin of this flood. Some claim it to
have been the result of a cloudburst,
others that it came from the crater of
the supposedly extinct veicano. The
former supposition seems to be most
plausible.
The few survivors fled down the val-
ley and at a distance of three miles
chose the site of a new city, and, in
1642, courageously founded a second
capital, now known as Antigua. In
time it grew to have a population of
100,000 inhabitants, and became a
great center of learning, with many
universities, monasteries, and over a
hundred churches rich In works of art.
Although many times threatened by
earthquake shocks more or less severe,
it flourished until July 20, 1773, when,
without warning, In one minute the
proud city was leveled to the ground.
Again the survivors of this second
calamity sought refuge farther away
from the threatening volcano, and, at
a distance of 85 miles, finally settled
in the beautiful valley of Las Vacas,
Here, at an altitude of 5,000 feet
above the sea, surrounded on all sides
by soft green hills, behind which loom
the imposing heads of three volcanoes,
lies the city of Gautemasla, the present
capital, founded by the courageous
survivors of one of the greatest ca-
lantaties In the history of any land.
This typical city of Spanish Amer
fea Is a most Interesting and charm-
ing place to visit. Coming directly
from the land of skyscrapers, the first
impression of it, with its low white
buildings, is particularly attractive.
Here and there is a house tinted a
pright pink or a vivid blue, thus vary-
ing the monotony of the dazzling white
and lending a sort of holldayelock, as
though the houses had put on thelr
best gown to welcome the stranger.
The climate is one of perpetual
spring, the average temperature being
about 70 degrees. The summer month:
bring the heavy rains,
With a population of about 120,000
the city of Guatemala is laid out on a
scale, with broad avenues, fine parks,
and handsome buildings. It Is one of
the best-lighted cities in America.
Scenes in City of Guatemala.
In the center of the city is the Plas.
de Armas, with its pretty park, where
stands a handsome statue of Colum
bus. This plaza becomes the rendez
vous of fushion three or four evenings
of the week, when an exceptionally
fine band plays. There also each
morning at ten o'clock a company ol
the President's Guard of Honor pa
rades, Most interesting scenes are
also witnessed on the nights of any
national holiday or church festival
The Indians come In from the su.
rounding country early In the day and
instal! themselves In picturesque
groups, selling native sweels, coconut
water, and beautiful fruits. As night
comes on they build fires which il
lumine their dark faces and brilliant
costumes. The trees are hung with
gay lanterns and at one side Is
stretched a great canvas upon which
a free moving-picture show Is In
progress,
The band plays, and between time.
js heard the rather weird music of
the marimba. This native Instrument
has a peculiar charm and, in spite of
a certain metallic sound, not unlike
a xylophone, when played in the open
alr has very beautiful tones.
The cathedral, which stands facing,
the plaza, with its two square towers,
Is a fine example of the churches of
Spanish America. A curious but not
unpleasing effect Is obtained in the
interior by the blue-and-white ceiling.
All the churches of the city are rich
in wood carvings, paintings, and an-
tique altar silver saved from the ruins
of Antigua.
Throughout the country whereve.
the churches have suffered from earth-
quakes and the crumbling towers are
no longer strong enough to bear the
weight of the heavy bells, these are
hung out of doors under a pointed
thatched roof held by bamboo poles,
which adds greatly to the picturesque-
ness of the landscape.
The Teatro Colon, the national the
ater, Is a building of which any city
would be proud. It is copied from the
Church of the Madeleine in Paris. It
is generously subsidized by the gov-
ernment, and good operatic and dra-
matic companies come from Italy,
Spain, and Mexico. Bull fighting Is,
of course, the favorite amusement,
and there is a good bull ring.
To the west of the city stretche.
the broad avenue of La Reforma, a
beautiful drive several miles In
length, shaded by great trees and con-
taining some fine statues, the most
fmportant Deling hops of Gen. Rufino
Barrios and n. Garcla Granados.
Antigua, by the Volcanoes.
In strange contrast to the moder.
city of Guatemala is the old ruined
one of Antigua, well worth a visit. It
is preferable to ride, although one can
drive. The earlier the start after sun-
rise the better, for the road as far as
the Indian town of Mexico presents a
most attractive scene, as hundreds of
Indians are jogging Into the city heav-
ily laden with great loads of earthen
pottery, fresh fruits, and vegetables
for the market. Mexico is picturesque-
ly situated, nestling at the foot of
the mountains and commanding an ex-
tended view of the great Guatemala
valley, with the city almost at one's
feet, and in the distance the sparkling
blue waters of lovely Lake Amatitlan.
Leaving the high road one turns in-
to a narrow defile, and up and down
hill follows an old Indian trall, some
times completely shut in, again widen-
ing with glimpses of the mountains as
range after range rises to the imposing
heads of three great volcanoes—Agua,
Fuego, and Acatenango.
Nestled in a broad, fertile valle,
the climate of which Is unsurpassed,
nothing can exceed this city of the
past in solemn grandeur. Watched
over by the giant Agua, which rises |
in cne magnificant unbroken sweep to
a height of over 18,000 feet, street aft-
er street stretches dazzlingly white in
the brilliant sunshine, Not a sound
breaks the silence which hangs like
a pall over the piace, and even the
modern town of some 30,000 inhabl-
tants seems dead, and a strange hush
es over all.
The quaint little plok hotel, with its
flower-filled patio, the air heavy with
the scent of roses, orange blossoms,
and starry-eyed jasmine, Is in keeping |
with the atmosphere of romance which |
pervades the place,
| Indian blood the right to sell
surface of their alloted lands. They
BLACK GOLD GONE;
INDIANS BANKRUPT.
The Osage Indians have found the
end of the rainbow after traversing
a golden lane of oil gushers that
have poured millions of dollars into
their tribal treasury.
Once known as the richest class
of people in the world, they face
bankruptcy now.
The playtime of the Osages has
ended. Within the last three months
the tribe has been undergoing a
c back to the ordinary way
of living. Paleface neighbors of the
Indians speculate on the outcome of
this adjustment. Meanwhile, the
Osages are not worried particularly
except for the constant press of
creditors.
Oil wells that gave the Osages a
life of ease and provided means for
reckless spending orgies no longer
hold promise of inexhaustible wealth.
When Bacon Rind, Bigheart, and
Lookout,
magnates fly over from Tulsa
airplanes
thousands of dollars
for leases, they told
in
in eagle
their
They realize now the oil “play”
has moved to the south into the
land of the Seminoles and the white
pioneers around Oklahoma City.
The adjustment has raised
problems—one is social and the oth-
er economic,
Oil spread its greasy mantle of
gold over the broad reservation and
poured more than $300,000,000 into
the tribal purse. The Osages have
been soaked in oil, steeped in gin,
and have felt the thrill of power
contained in their expensive auto-
mobiles.
Many have been the victims of the
reign of prosperity which at once
released gold and grief upon them.
Since 1896, when oil prospecting
started in the Osage nation court
records show where scores have
been killed for their headright so
others might come into possession
of it. A gang of four men head-
ed by W. K. Hale, known as the
“King of the Osage,” is serving
terms in connection with the famous
Osage headright murder plot. Mur-
ders of Indians for their headright
became so common that Congress
finally passed a law providing that
any person convicted of killing an
Osage should not share the es-
tate.
Innumerable intermarriages with
whites and halfbreeds for the pur-
pose of sharing in estates have been
“effected. The halfbreeds and white
relatives are the ones that suffer
from the present depression. In
1921 the government gave all the
Osages with less than one-half pure
the
are the ones who raised the moan
‘of the redman across the miles of
beautiful tree clad hills and wrought
sadness in the land of the once
| mighty people.
Until 1921 every enrolled Osage
drew all money credited to him,
| The government then reduced pay-
ments. Then certificates of ‘“‘com-
petency” were issued until now
| there are only about 600 Indians
who cannot draw everything that is
due them and spend it as they
wish.
In flush years the lands yielded
$20,000,000 annually. Many fam-
ilies drew $100,000 annually. The
blanket Indians drew $13,000 each in
11925. Now the unrestricted Indian
gets $35 weekly. The full blood gets
about $300 monthly.
Now that the Osages have spent
more than $225,000,000 and the
9,000 or more oil wells that used to
flow from 5,000 to 15,000 barrels
daily have settled down to a pro-
| duction often as low as 5 barrels
i daily,
the Indians do not see hpw
they cen rise above the quagmire be-
| cause of fast living and 10 years of
| general carousal.
Fifteen mixed bloods recently ap-
plied for bankruptcy and if a deci-
sion of the Circuit Court of Appeals
is favorable in a case now pending
a tribal attorney has estimated that
1,500 more mixed than full bloods,
‘who owe between $250 and $15,000
| each, will apply for bankruptcy to
| save their headrights from attach-
A headright is now worth
It formerly was
| ment.
about $10,000.
| worth $50,000.
EXPLAINS WHY “MARU”
IS ON JAPANESE SHIPS.
What does the word ‘Maru’ mean
‘on Japanese vessels? Does it mean
ship or marine?
According to Frank K. Bell,
steamship official, the word “Maru”
means neither, but is the name of
the Japanese god of the sea. Bell
said he had received so many re-
quests for the meaning of the word
that he made a special study of it.
--—Harking back to the “days of
mud pies,” children were probably
healthier and happier then than the
overweighted, pampered, dieted and
psycho-analyzed infants of today,
Better boys and girls than
those of the present age have not
been born; they are far better than
those of any generation.—Bishop of
Chelmford.
tribal chieftains, saw oil |
| reverential mind can be thankful.
and drop hundreds of
bids |
people |
wealth from their hills was eternal.
two |
WORLD BEING PURIFIED BY |
ADVERSITY, PASTOR CLAIMS
Conditions are bad every way we
look.
Revolution has followed revolution
in South America. Military power
has overcome civil authority There
are more men bearing arms today in
the world than before the war. Ger-
many threatens not to pay, but she
will pay. France paid every franc,
and will see to it that Germany
pays, What the outcome will bein
Russia no one can tell us, but of
one thing we are certain: there is
grave danger in that quarter. India
is in turmoil. China is still upset-
tled, and there is untold suffering.
Englands unemployment grows:
taxes are an enormous burden. In
America, millions are without work;
hundreds of thousands have lost the
savings of a life-time. Criminality
seems to be in the ascendancy and
there is much to cause serious con-
cern.
With all of this,
the thoughtful,
Men are grateful, not according to
what they have but according to
what they are. Some people are
always thankful; others are never
80.
We can certainly give thanks for
what we do not have. We do not
have war, as we did only 12 years
ago. We hate war today more than
ever before. We do not want
strikes. Labor and capital have
come to understand their interde-
pendence, and that the prosperity
of one depends on the prosperity
of all, We do not have famine;
there isan aboundance. It is anom-
alous that we have want because of
over-production, suffering in the
midst of plenty. Almighty God has
given with a lavish hand. Our
troubles are because of humanity's
selfishness, shortsightedness and stu-
pidity.
What more can God do for us
than He has done, except to give
us men of wise and unselfish leader-
ship. Great good will come out of
present adverse conditions. Sym-
pathy is being called forth. Charity
was ever so abounding. Our eyes
are being turned upward to the
source of all good. We have been
boastful, arrogant, as a nation. Wea
are learning our dependence upon a
higher power, and upon one another,
Our eyes are being turned inward,
upon our spiritual resources. No
man is so poor as he who has noth-
ing but money. We are learning
that man cannot live by bread alone,
Then we are learning to look for-
ward. We have been too earth-
bound. Heaven has meant little to
us. We have needed something to
teach us that everything is not on
this side of the grave. God speaks
many languages. Today His is ad-
monishing us through our enforced
self-denial, hardship, sacrifice and
suffering. Out of all this will come
finer individual character, and a
more refined, unselfish nation.
can give thanks to God for what-
ever may improve our souls and for
those everyday blessings upon which
our happiness depends: home, health,
friends. faith, hope, love and God
himself.—A sermonette by Dr,
George W, Shelton, pastor of the
Second Presbyterian church, Pitts-
burgh.
SAGE FOUNDATION SUGGESTS
PERMANENT RELIEF AGENCIES
Emergency employment agencies
set up throughout the country should
not be disbanded when the period of
depression has passed, but should be
maintained to plan methods of com-
bating all unemployment.
That is the recommendation
report published yesterday
Russell Sage Foundation. It points
out that such agencies would be
able to reduce
and technological unemployment and
would be ready to act immediately
at the first signs of new emergen-
cies,
The report suggests that provis-
jon be made for regular employment
in a
exchanges be developed; that indus-
BOUNTY CLAIMS COMING
We
by the!
the usual seasonal
statistics; that public employment
tries be persuaded to regularize em-
ployment; that long range planning
of private and public work be un-
dertaken; that vocational training
and guidance be extended; and that
suitable legislation be passed to aid
the handicapped.
WORDS OF WISDOM
A poor joke is not improved by
repetition.
Some of the best fun in life is a
by-product of a day's work.
If you like people, you'll general-
ly find they like you.
A successful business man is as
sensitive to the voice of his custo-
mers as a politician is to the voters.
The best work is done by men
whose consciences won't let them do
inferior work.
Some people's sense of superiority,
rests on a refusal to expose them-
selves to a test.
“You used to value me highly,”
remarked the hubby.
“I still do, dearie,” replied the
wife. “Just wait and hear what 1
tell the court you are worth when I
ask for alimony!”
A
®
WHERE DO YOU BUY
P. L. Beezer Estate.....Meat Market
the meat you prepare for the fam-
ily? You should choose your butch-
er with the same care that you do
your physician or any other person
who may control the health” of those
you love. Skillful in the selection
and cutting of all kinds of meat,
we take pride in a reputation for
having the best the market affords.
Market or: the Diamond
Telephone 666
Bellefonte, Penna.
IN AT RAPID RATE
Bounty claims at the rate of 200
to 250 have been received daily at
the offices of the Game Commission
‘during the past several weeks, and
for these the Commssion is Jayne
from $990 to $1000 a day. ng
December 1930, claims were receiv-
‘ed for 38 wild cats, 1,040 gray foxes,
9 goshawks and 10,206 weasels.
The total number of claims re-
ceived numbered 6,010 entailing an
expenditure of $14,981. The num-
ber of claims received during the
‘ first half of the fiscal
year, June 1
to December 31, inclusive, totaled
14,075. These instuded claims for
63 wild cats, 1,775 gray foxes, 24
goshawks and 21,602 weasles, en-
tailing an expenditure of $29,769.
A FIT FOR FURS.
Dorothy. “When will Jou get your
new fur coat, mamma?"
Mother: “Your dad says it
be done.”
Dorothy: “Say, Momsie, have you
ever tried throwing yourself on the
floor and kicking your feet the way
I do?”
can't
Custody
you without charge.
he Safe Deposit Boxes we have set
Tz: for Wills are getting pretty full.
But there still is room in our vaults.
If you have not made a Will, attend at once
to this important duty. We will keep it for
may save your heirs much trouble. Often-
times Wills are hard to find.
THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK
BELLEFONTE, PA.
of Wills
Knowing where it is
SERVICE OUR SPECIALTY
Baney’s Shoe Store
WILBUR H. BANEY, Proprietor
80 years in the Business
BUSH ARCADE BLOCK
BELLEFONTE, PA.
SPECIAL ORDERS SOLICITED
I
]
|]
I
|
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# she can get you regular
: Hey, Fellers!
i Tell your mother that at Fauble’s
1 $7.50 and $8.00 4-Piece Suits
; For $5.95
I Also regular $12.50 and $15.00 Suits of
: For $9.85 2
i Every Suit has two Pairs of Golf J
A Knickers and Mannish Vest. . .. ;
#1 These are all Real Bargains—no old stock,
but. New Up-to-the-Minute Styles— i
I Don’t. miss this. ;
g A. FAUBLE ’