FRENCH INDO-
Throne Room Building of King of Cambodia at Pnompenh.
(Prepared by the National Geographle
Soclety, Washington, D. Cc.)
RANCE has recently found it
necessary to send a punitive ex-
pedition across the border that
lies between Indo-China and
China because of the activities of
Chinese Communists along the fron-
tier.
The expedition operated from Toug-
king, northernmost of the French const.
al colonies, but the step was taken as
a protection for the whole of French
Indo-China, that stretches from the
gutheastern corner of Asia some S00
miles to the north and northwestward.
It is a sizable empire which France
controls there in Asia, either by out-
right possession or protectorate—
265,000 square miles, an area almost
exactly the size of the state of Texas.
The region is, however, much closer
to the equator than Texas, occupying
a position corresponding to that of
southern Mexico and Central America.
Thus the French Asiatic empire is
wholly within the tropics and In a
vegion of heavy rainfall.
units of French Asia are Cochin
China, in the extreme south; Cam-
podia, in the southwest; Annam,
stretching along most of the eastern
coast; Laos, inland and to the north-
west; and Tongking, filling the north-
ern end of the elongated territory and
extending from the coast inland for
200 miles.
Annam Is less completely under
French control, officially, than any of
the other states with which it is asso-
ciated in the territorial group known
as French Indo-China. It has its own
emperor and is listed as a protector-
ate. But Annam and the twelve mil-
Hen people of Annamese blood really
constitute the chief factor in this re-
gion of French Influence. In few
places are the old forms of oriental
magnificence maintained as completely
as In the Imperial establishment at
Hue, the capital of Annam. Until
recently the palace was forbidden
ground, and it is still far from easy
w obtain access.
Inside the palace walls Is a rich-
ness and an elaborateness seldom en-
eountered outside fairy tales and the
settings of extravagant stage presenta-
tions. There are picturesque gardens;
paved courts, where on occasion the
ten thousand mandarins of Annam
strike their foreheads in unison on the
ground before the emperor; dim cor-
ridors of countless columns with their
huge perfume burners sending up con-
tinual clouds of incense; and exquisite
rooms of intricately wrought ceramics
and gold and silver. Opening into the
emperor's state rooms is the great
Golden Door, through which, in addi-
tion to the sovereign, only the extraor-
dinary ambassadors may pass.
Lavish festivals and displays take
place within this fairyland of luxury.
The most charming and characteristic,
perhaps, are the children’s ballets, In
which scores of dainty, costumed
youngsters go through elaborate steps
and postures with bright fans in their
hands and a lighted colored lantern
attached to each youthful shoulder.
Hue Itself Not Beautiful.
Outside the palace enclosure Hue
ie less appealing. The “metropolitan
area” of the city is in large part a
collection of native villages clustered
in the shadow of the great palace-
citadel walls, Across the river is the
French residency with Its Gailic-
western atmosphere. For a long time
Hue was little known, and as the
seat of an important country its size
was exaggerated. Its population is
anly about 60,000.
The town is in a tropical region In
a latitude corresponding to the south-
ern extremity of Mexico. It lies near
the mid-point of the long double-
curving coast of French Indo-China, a
tew miles from the sea on the Hue
river. Built on a flat, the city itself
has little beauty of form or setting ;
put it would be difficult to find in the
tropics more beautiful environs than
it possesses. Only a few miles away
rive the mountains from which the
Hue river flows, ar? even closer are
lower wooded hills and valleys. Num-
erous villages are all but hidden in
s mantle of green: palms, bamboos,
and scores of tropical vines and
shrubs. Carefully kept paddy fields
alternate with wild regions of under-
bush, and scattered about the country-
«de are innumerable graceful pagodas.
The most remarkable feature of Hue
are the famous tombs of the kings,
which lie in the charming pine and
panyan-covered valleys and hills a few
alles from the city—true cities of the
dead, far more attractive in setting
than that of the living. For each de
parted ruler of the past several cen-
turies a large area has been devel-
oped as a resting place and memorial
for himself, his wives, children and
servants. ‘These developed areas ure
in two parts. One is a beautiful
group of gardens, lakes, summer
houses and a memorial hall. The lat-
ter is fitted with the furniture from
the departed emperor's apartments,
The second part is a vast enclosure
near-by, usually a series of terraces
above the gardens, in some unmarked
spot of which the body of the emperor
lies. The reigning emperor visits each
of these garden-tombs of his ancestors
annually and makes obeisance to thelr
spirits,
The notable structures and gardens
extend from the end of the Eight-
eenth century to the present. The
earlier of these are exceedingly ela-
borate and have much in them to re-
mind one of Fontainebleau and Ver-
sailles.
Cambodia's Capital.
Strikingly different from Hue Is
Pnompenh, capital of Cambodia. It
lles on the route to the famous ruins
of Angkor and is better known to
tourists than some of the larger cap
itals of Indo-China.
The palace of the kings of Cam
bodia is not elaborate. The royal
dwelling place, In fact, is a series of
rather modest buildings, not richly
adorned without or within. Greatest
of the palace sights is a life-size gold
statue of Buddha in a room whose
floor is of silver tiles.
Five or six hundred female retainers
occupy the royal colony, among whom
are the dancing girls.
golden gowns, royal jewels, and tiaras
that resemble miniature carved
steeples, have become famous for
their charm and grace.
Near-by is the Khmer museum with
a collection of sculptured stones, im-
plements of war and jewelry; the
weather-beaten royal pagoda, and an
ancient temple approached by a long
flight of steps with a stone railing
representing Naga, the sacred seven-
headed cobra. Tails of the sacred
reptile adorning the roofs of some of
Pnompenh's buildings resemble
crooked lightning rods on American
farm houses,
The one thoroughfare of Pnowmpent
that has a right to be called an ave-
nue leads from the palace to the pub-
lic park. Two hotels bordering It
offer excellent accommodations for a
@nall Eastern city save for their or-
chestras that dispense impossible noc-
turnal jazz. The rest of the street Is
cluttered up with open-front native
shops, some of which make an attempt
to duplicate French pastry. Now and
then through a vacant space one gets
a glimpse of a garden spot a block
or two in the background where a
French colonial official lives in a pala-
tial home amid broad lawns and
flowering trees.
Hanoi, the “Paris of Asia.”
The administrative center of all
French Indo-China, and the capital as
well of Tongking, Is Hanol which
has been dubbed “the Paris of Asia.”
It bears many of the earmarks of the
European capital.
A modern train brings you into a
modern railway station at Hanol.
There you may hali a shiny new
French-made automobile with a French
chauffeur. In a tour of the city you
ride along wide streets and boulevards
bearing French names and pass im-
posing French buildings, and spacious
parks where stroll French women and
men: some of the latter dressed in
the natty blue uniforms of the French
army
In the business district, Parisian
gowns are displayed behind plate-
glass show windows. French theater
fronts blaze with gaudy signs to at-
tract patrons. Paris-like sidewalk
cafes invite passersby to imbibe their
favorite beverage while melodious
strains from a French orchestra filter
through the open windows of a French
restaurant.
Now and then you bump over stree.
car tracks. You notice the absence
of peculiar oriental city odors because
of Hanoi's modern sewage system;
you feel free to drink the city water
because of the excellent water supply
system; and at night the streets are
bathed in light from thousands of
electric bulbs. The Botanical gardens
and Zoological park are additional re-
minders of the French capital about
7,000 miles away.
The French quarter is furthest from
the right bank of the Red river om
which Hanoi lies about 30 miles from
the sea. A lake, surrounded by
promenades, separates this quarter
from the native quarter which begins
on the congested riverside. Once in-
gide the narrow byways of the native
quarter, it 1s easy to forget the west:
| ernized portion of the ov
They, in thelr
HOW
NATURE HAS ARRANGED TO
DRAW BEES TO FLOWERS.—
Nature has good reasons, recent
English investigations indicate,
for having provided most flow
ers, both with bright colors and
with pleasing smells. Visits by
insects are necessary to the pol-
lenation of most flowers and to
the production of seeds. Some
insects turn out to be attracted
: by the flowers’ color; other In-
# sects by the smells, Thus the
$ flower has a chance of being
# served by either or both of the
, Insect groups.
So reports G. Fox-Wilson, en
tomologlist of the Royal Horti-
: cultural gociety, who has been
y counting the visits of bees and
; other insects to fruit trees. One «
of the experiments was to tie ar 3
tificial apple flowers to the trees
and see what the bees did about
itt Most of them did nothing, ig 1
poring the Imitation flowers
completely. Natural apple nec $
tar from a real flower was then
placed at the bottom of the ar- 3
tificlal blossoms. Promptly the 4
pees visited these nectar-filled
flowers precisely as though they 3
»
o
:
¥
¥
<
o
*
¥
L
o
+
-
SRP PELEEELLEPEL PIERRE EIES
were real ones.
The evident conclusien is that *
this kind of bees, mostly ordi-
nary hive bees, were attracted
by the odor of the nectar instead
of the colors of the flower; a
conclusion reinforced by the fact
that these same kind of bees
freely visit flowers from which
the colored petals have been re
. moved but which stiil contain the
+ odorous nectar. Other kinds of
y bees, however, were found to
visit artificial, nectarless flow-
ers; apparently attracted by the
colors.
How “Meander” Has Come
to Denote Wandering
When you speak of a person who
“meanders” you use 2a word coined
from the name of an old river, In
ancient times there was a celebrated
river in Asia Minor which had no
fewer than 600 turns and twists, Trav-
elers who followed it went miles out
of their way. only to find, when they
reached one of the towns upon its
banks, that they had made scarce
ly any headway, for the river had only
wandered up into a great loop and
come down again quite close to the
last town In which they had spent
the night. The name of this river
was Maeander, from which our word,
meaning to wander aimlessly, is de-
rived.
How Soap Is Manufactured
In the manufacture of soap, afte:
the mass has been reduced to a
semi-solid, the 1,000 pound cake of
soap is forced through a framework
across which are strung horizontal
ly a number of fine plano wires ar
ranged at a distance equal to the
thickness of a cake of soap. Thus
the soap Is cut Into horizontal slabs
These are placed on another cutting
machine which divides the slabs into
long sticks, which are then cut into
cakes on the same machine by Aan
other cross motion, wires being em-
ployed in both operations. The cakes
after being dried in an air-chamber
are stamped into the exact shape.
The capacity of a stamping machine
Is 100,000 cakes a day. The cakes
are carefully inspected before being
put into the boxes.
How Static Gets Into Radio
Static Is audlo-frequency-group oscil:
lation discharge between clouds, or
clouds and earth. It travels in all di-
rections from disturbance. Static prob-
. ably impresses its varying frequencies
upon the electric waves carrying
broadcast signals while they are pro
ceeding from transmitting to receiving
station, something like the mix-up of
waves that would occur If one were to
throw a large rock into a lake upon
the surface of which there were pre:
viously some moderate Waves. The
latter would be broken up and changed
fn shape, but their frequency would
probably continue the same as before.
Static waves will penetrate any sub-
stance that radio waves can penetrate.
ee ——————
How “Poker” Got Name
The game of poker is evidently an
adaptation of the Persian game of AS
nas, as it was originally played, with
only 20 cards, dealt to four players,
and went to the United States by
way of New Orleans. Owing to its
resemblance to the French game of
poque and the German game of pochen,
the French colonists called it “poque.”
and this spelling was mispronounced
by the English-speaking players as
“po-que,” easily converted into “po-
ker.”
Early Railroads Cared
Little for the Humble
The shades of early third-class
travelers ought to smile with satisfac-
tion on hearing the report thac first
class railway travel is “doomed.” The
railways were planned for the wealthy.
Down to 1845 the third-class passenger
had no legal status at all, many com-
panies refused to carry him at any
price, while others put him in an
open goods truck with movable seats
placed across it and charged him 1%
pence a mile for the privilege.
He was conveyed with other un-
clean animals by cattle-trains, he was
shunted about in his bufferless box
for hours, and when at last he reached
his destination, covered with dust and
cinders, it was to see a notice that
“the company's servants are strictly
ordered not to porter for wagon Das-
sengers.”
Third-class passengers, nevertheless,
persisted in traveling. The companies
introduced the “Stanhope.” This con-
sisted of a box about 18 feet long,
divided Into four compartments by
two wooden bars crossing each other
in the middle. There was a door to
esch compartment, but no seats, 80
that the number of passengers it could
contain depended upon the bulk of the
“Stanhopers.” Usually 65 passengers
were crowded Into a wagon l—Man-
chester (Eng.) Guardian,
Great Mission Pioneers
Revered in California
The mission of Cdrmel stands as &
memorial to Father Ramon Mestres as
well as to the great Padre Junipero
Serra. Products of different epochs,
Padre Serra and Father Mestres were
both pioneers, the one in mission
founding, the other in rebuilding. Per-
haps it was partly due to the fact that
Father Mestres’' birthplace in Spain
was nearby that of Padre Serra that,
finding himself pastor of San Carlos
at Monterey, he was inspired with the
zeal that restored the neighboring
Carmel mission from the wreck into
which neglect had let it fall. By this
restoration Father Mestres served the
traditions of his church and the wel-
fare of the state to which he brought
back the reminders of the great age
of romance of early California.
With every earmark of the aristo
erat Father Mestres walked with hu-
mility in the footsteps of his great
predecessor. Passing on, he leaves a
memory of character and achievement
as his monument.—San Francisco
Chroaicle.
———————
South American Languages
Spanish is spoken in Mexico, Hon-
duras, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Panama,
Salvador, Colombia, Venezuela, Ecua-
dor, Peru, Bolivia, Chile, Argentina,
Uruguay, Paraguay. Portuguese is
n in Brazil
In British Honduras English is the
official language, but some Spanish is
spoken in the interior and along the
border of Mexico and Guatemala. On
the north coast of Honduras English
is spoken. English Is also spoken in
Guatemaln, Panama, Salvador and
Dutch Guiana. In British Guiana
English is spoken exclusively. Dutch
is spoken in Dutch Guiana, and French
exclusively in French Guiana and to
some extent In Salvador. In Ecuador
Quichua is also spoken, and this and
other native dialecta in Peru.
$200.00 Paid For
One Copper Cent
J. D. Martin of Richmond, Va. is |
the proud possessor of a check for
$200,00 d him for an old copper
cent. e Numismatic Company
Dept. 650, Fort Worth, Texas, who
purchased this penny from Mr.
Martin, says there are numerous old.
coins, bills and stamps in circula- |
tion for which they will gladly pay
big cash premiums, Sp that you
will know the value of old coins and |
stamps and what to watch for in
your change, the Numismatic Com-
pany will send for
them, a large illustrated coin folder
describing some of these wanted
articles and the big profits to be
made.
this large folder so you can post
yourself and know just what to look
for. Remember that Mr.
knowing the value of his penny
meant a difference of $199.99 to
him. Without knowing its value
that penny might still be in circula-
tion, passing through the hands of
thousands until someone like Mr.
Martin, who knows old coins, rec-
ognized its value. It pays to be
posted, Send 4c now for the illus-
trated coin folder. You have noth-
ing to lose, everything to gain.
76-3-1t
Beezer Estate.....Meat Market
ANY CUT YOU DESIRE
In our meat market you will find
all the choice cuts that can be had.
We buy beefs in the original quar-
ters and can serve you with the
Our stock is tender and fresh. It is
the best meat that money can buy.
Our regular customers would not go
elsewhere, We want to add your
patronage to our steadily
business.
Market on the Diamond
Telephone 666
Bellefonte, Penna.
P. 1
TWO MORE PRISONERS
only 4 cents to
any reader of this paper who writes |
Better write them today for
Martin's =!
| o'clock but were not to be foundat
ESCAPE FROM ROCKVIEW. milking time, about five o'clock.
| Shortly before noon, on Monday,
Two prisoners made their escape | two suspicious looking men were
from Rockview penitentiary some | seen in the vicinity of Warriorsmark
time on Sunday afternoon. They | and penitentiary officials were noti-
were Chester McCue, of Hunting- | fied, Deputy warden W. J. McFar-
don county, serving a two to four land and two guards went to War-
year sentence for assault and bat- riorsmark and found the men to be
tery with intent to kill, and Theo- the two escaped prisoners. When
dore Markcal, of Clearfield county, | they saw the deputy they made an
doing a two to four year sentence ,g,rt to run away but were captur-
for arson. Both men were employed
at the creamery. They BI flere | ed about one o'clock and brought to
at a check-up of prisoners at 2:30 the Centre county jail.
Condensed Statement
First National Bank, Bellefonte, Pa.
December 31, 1930
Assels
Time Loans and Investments - -
Time Loans on Collateral - - - - -
U. S. Bonds Circulation - - -
Real Estate, Banking House, etc., - -
£1,002,944.84
220,736.95
100,000.00
91,135.00
$1.504,816.79
Quick Assets
U. S. and other marketable bonds $ 834,319.50
Demand Loans - - - 86.552.00
Cash and Reserve - . - - 246,460.01 1,167,331.51
$2,672,148.30
Liabilities
Capital - - - - - $ 200,000.00 '
Surplus and Profits - - - 344,288.65 |
Circulation - - - - 98,200.06
Dividends Unpaid - - - 10,018.00
Reserve for taxes and depreciation 13,000.00
Due Federal Reserve 50,000.00
Bank - -
Deposits . . - - 1,956,641.65
$2,672,148.30
Baney’s Shoe Store
WILBUR H. BANEY, Proprietor
80 years in the Business
BUSH ARCADE BLOCK
BELLEFONTE, PA.
SERVICE OUR SPECIALTY SPECIAL ORDERS
taken ddvantage of the Overcoat 2
Slaughter now going ny
on at the Fauble Store?
Don’t, Miss It! i
The Prices Make 1910 Prices oF
Look High in Comparison it
A. FAUBLE |