(Prepared by the National Geographic
Society, Washington, D. C.)
RITHJOF NANSEN LAND (for-
merly Franz Josef Land) has,
after a third of a century, given
up the body of August Andree,
believed to have been lost forever in
the Arctic ice.
The Swedish explorer disappeared
mn his balloon in 1897, north of Spits-
bergen close to the place at which
Nobile’s dirigible later disappeared.
Explorers were at first hopeful that
he had drifted eastward to Franz
Josef Land. Walter Wellman, assist-
ed by the National Geographic society,
led an expedition to Franz Josef Land
the following year and thought it like-
ly that he would find Andree at Cape
Flora, on one of the southernmost of
the islands which was known by An-
dree to be a headquarters and a fre-
quent point of call for explorers. An-
dree was not at Cape Flora, however,
and no trace of him or his balloon
was ever found in Franz Josef Land
until a few weeks ago. Pein
Although the islands are desolate
and ice-mantled and have never been
{nhabited, it is possible for men to.
exist there, even through the winter,
as the history of Arctic exploration
proves. The land was discovered ac-
cidentally in 1878 by an Austro-Hun-
garian expedition bent on finding the
northeast passage. Their ship, caught
in the ice, drifted to the southern ex-
trémity of the island group, and the
crew wintered in her fast in the ice.
In 1881 a British party of 25, its
ship crushed, wintered on shore, living
partly on bear and walrus meat. Well-
man and his companions spent the
winter of 1898-09 on shore, and the
Zeigler expedition wintered over in
1904-5.
Group of Many Islands.
Its Austro- Hungarian discoverer
pamed the land “Franz Josef Land”
under the impression that it was a
Jarge land mass, perhaps even of con-
tinental size. Later exploration dis-
closed that it is a group of many is-
lands. Thirty of these are ten miles
or more in length and the remainder—
gcores of them—are small. Several
of the islands are as much as 50 miles
long. The group lies slightly farther
north than Spitsbergen, and its center
is as far east of King's bay as New
York Is east of Detroit. It is as far
porth of the Murman coast of Russia
and the northern coast of Norway as
Chicago is north of New Orleans. It
is about the same distance from the
North pole.
The land's name was recently
changed to Frithjof Nansen Land by
a vote of the Russian Association of
Science. The island group's new
nande is appropriate because the is-
lands were the scene of one of the
most dramatic episodes in the life of
the late Frithjof Nansen. The land
which has been named for him literal-
ly sdved his life and preserved him
for thé valuable humanifarian career
that reached a climax when he, in co-
operation with Herbert Hoover, saved
the lives of millfons of famine-strick-
en Russians.
Nansen took a small party on board
che specially constructed vessel Fram
and entered the ice floes off northern
Siberia in 1893 with the hope of drift-
ing with the ice across the North pole.
They drifted for 35 months, locked in
the ieé, without sighting land and
without a single contact with the
world: Nansen and his crew were
bélieved to be lost.
When Nansen found that the Fram
was not drifting toward the pole, he
determined to dash, with a single com-
panion, over the ice to the top of the
world. Johansen was picked to go
with him. They took three sledges,
22 dogs and two kayaks (Eskimo ca-
noes). They did not attain their ob-
jective, but they made a new “farthest
north,” 86 degrees and 12 minutes,
just 228 miles south of the pole. From
their northernmost point the two men
turned south and began one of the
longest marches ever made over Arc-
tye ice. Finally they were reduced to
two dogs. -
After many days they reachéd Eva
island, one of the outlying islands o1
what is now Frithjof Nansen Land
Building a stone hut, they lived on |
the isolated isle through the winter,
subsisting chiefly on bear meat. Next
spring they started south for the main
islands of the group. Nansen’s kayak
was attacked by a huge walrus that
drove its tusks through the fragile
craft, but Nansen scrambled out on a
cake of ice as the tiny boat filled with
water, and they made their way to
the southern islands.
There they met, to their great jo,
Frederick Jackson, leader of an Eng-
lish expedition. Although Jackson had
met Nansen years before, he failed,
for the moment, to recognize in the
bearded, black-skinned, sooty-haired
wanderer the famous blond Norwegidn
explorer. Nansen and Johansen came
home on the English party's whaler;
the Fram arrived a few days later.
Nansen, who had been given up for
dead, received a tremendous welcome.
The sea between northern Spits-
i
{
bergen and ‘northern Frithjof Nansen
Land is usually packed with an almost .
unbroken expanse of ice so that navi-
gation: northward is seldom possible.
Even the narrower channels between
the Frithjof Nansen islands are eter-
nally frozen, but the larger channels
become ice free in summer. Between
southern Spitsbergen and the southern
islands there is often open water in
summer. Farther south, however, the
ice is usually packed, and this floating
barrier must be traversed by ships
steaming from Russia and Norway to
Frithjof Nansen Land.
Because of its far nerthern positios.
and the greater distance the Arctic
arm of the Gulf stream must flow te
reach it, Frithjof Nansen Land is
marked by Arctic conditions te a
greater extent than Spitsbergen. It
has been called the world’s “most
characteristic polar land.” Most of
the islands are plateaus fless than
1,000 feet high, covered with domes
of ice. At some points the black |
basalt crags that form the edges of
the plateaus protrude from the white !
ice and snow. Coastal lowlands are
of small extent save on twe or three
of the westernmost islands.
Vegetation and Animal Life.
The vegetation of the few snow-free
spots is scant, consisting only of lich-
eng, mosses, and several grasses. The
animal life, teo, is meager—for the
most part, a few polar bears and few-
er foxes om land; walruses and seals
in the water. The bird life is the rich-
est. Great flocks of little auks, dove-
kies and other birds frequent the is-
lands from March te September.
There are ne reindeer or hares.
One important item for castaways
. thought and things.
to keep from getting old it advised:
‘Never stop, look or listen at railroad’
crossings when driving a car; always
race with locomotives to crossings, as
it gives engineers a thrill; always
pass the car ahead of you on a curve;
or a hill; always drive as fast as you
can on wet, slippery roads and be
sure to lock your brakes when skid-
ding, as you can often turn your
car clean around; always drive fast
out of alleys, for if you do it often
enough you may have the good luck
to run down a traffic policeman; al-
ways speed, and demand half of the
road, the middle half, just show the
other fellow you know your rights
and are ready to die for them; al-
ways drive fast in traffic, If a new
driver, as it is the easiest way to
have an accident.” — Birmingham
News. >
World's Iodine Supply
Gathered From the Sea
The comercial supply of iodine 18
almost entifely obtainéd from sea-
weeds. In some of the latter—par-
ticularly the giant kelp, known to scl-
ence as Maecrocystis, meaning “big
bulb”—the concentration of fodine is
extraordinary. That marine plant,
enormous in size, anchored to the
sea bottom by a stem hundreds of
feet long, with a vast floating frond
of leaves, contains over one-fourth
of 1 per cent of iodine.
Those giant seaweeds are ideal car-
riers of iodine for human uses. Medi-
cinal éxtracts made from them are
already standardized, and have
proved most valuable. But the kelps,
vastly abundant, should yield valuable
food products. They contain all the
worth-while minerals that the ocean
holds in solution, and may be re-
garded as marine vegetables neglected
through ignorance.
Holding Old Age at Bay
There is no other joy in life like
mental and bodily activity, like keep-
ing up a live interest in the world of
Old age Is prac-
| tically held at bay us long as one can
' keep the currents of his life moving.
It seems as if one never could get to
! the end of all the delightful things
is the existence of considerable quan-
tities of driftwood along the shores
of the inter-island channels.
tic ocean by the great northward flow-
ing rivers of Siberia such as the Obi
and the Yenisel.
Not only has former Franz Joseir
Land become a memorial in its en-
tirety. Because it is divided, and sub-
divided, into numerous islands, large
and small, with numerous channels
and capes and headlands, it has de-
manded innumerable names.
The history of exploration in the is
lands by men of various nationalities
is in large part written on the map:
British Channel, Alexandra Island,
Harmsworth Straits, Cambridge Bay,
This is |
evidently wood cast out into the Arec- |
Wilczek Island, Wayprecht Sea, Crown
Prince Rudolf Land, Pierpont Morgan
Strait, Vanderbilt Sound, Graham Bell
Island, Whitney Sea. Austrians, Eng-
lish, Americans, Norwegians and Ital-
ians have had a hand in seeking out
the secrets of this fey island group.
One of the latest explorations fin
Frithjof Nansen Land before the ex-
pedition which found Andree's body
this summer was in 1925 by a British
party which carried into the region
the first modern rau.o equipment. The
party constantly checked its time by
radio signals from the Eiffel tower,
Paris, and listenéd to music and an-
nounceients from London and other
stations.
i
there are to know, and to observe,
and to speculate about in the world.
Nature is always young, and there is
no greater felicity than to share in
her youth. I still find each day too
short for all the thoughts I want to
think, all the walks I want to take, all
the books I want to read, and all the
friends I want to see.—John Bur-
roughs in “The Summit of the Years”
(above 70).
Significant Number
Forty is a number that has long
been regarded as peculiarly significant.
The idea may have originated with
readers of the Bible, who noticed that
Moses was 40 days on the mount,
Elijah was fed 40 days by the ravens,
the rain of the flood fell 40 days, an-
other 40 days elapsed before Noah
opened the window of the ark, 40 days
was the period of embalming, Jonah
gave Ninevah 40 days to repent, the
Lord fasted 40 days, and He was seen
40 days after His resurrection. Old
English law also featured many 40-day
periods.
Artistic Book Decoration
The term “forage painting” used in
book binding is a corruption of the
words “fore edge,” used to describe
the delicate painting or decoration ap-
plied to the extreme front edges of the
book. When the book was closed, only
blotches or masses of colors showed,
but when the leaves of the book were
partially spread delicate tracery, artis-
tie designs and sometimes elaborate
pletures were revealed. Samuel Mearne,
book binder to King Charles II of Eng-
land, is credited with originating this
form of decoration,
reign of Theodosius the seven-day week
came into use, and Rome imagined |
that it was Egyptian, but~in truth it |
came from the Jews, who believed that
God made the world in six days and |
rested on the seventh. |
Christianity was just beginning to
creep across the world in those days,
but masses of people were still pagan,
and they accepted the seven-day week
as a moon week. Each day was dedi-
cated to one of the planets, Sun day,
Moon day, Mars day, Mercury day,
Jove day, Venus day and Saturn day.
The Anglo-Saxon forefathers refused
to call the days after foreign gods and
renamed them after their own divini-
ties, Tiw, Woden, Thor, Frigga ané
Seterne,
The word “week” comes from the
German “wikon,” meaning change or
succession, and the length of this suc-
cession of days is usually decided by
the moon or the market. In places
where a market is held every third day
the week is three days long; in dis-
tricts where a market is held every
i
|
eight days there is an eight day week.
Persia, Java, Celebes, Malaysia and
New Guinea have five-day weeks. The
Muyseas of South America have a
three-day week. The Chibchas have &
four-day week. African weeks vary
from three to eight days.
Why Dinner Jacket Is
Known as Tuxedo Coat
“Tuxedo” is derived from an Algon-
quin Indian word for “wolf,” and means
literally, in the Algonquin tongue, “he
had a round foot.” The Algonquins
gave the name to a branch of thelr
tribe which lived in New Jersey. Some
of this territory fell eventually into
the possession of a group of wealthy
New Yorkers and was developed as a
residence district, which, in honor of
the tribe, they named Tuxedo Park.
Estates were established there and it
became a center of fashion. The men
adopted what is now known as the
“tuxedo coat” as a dinner jacket, and
the fashion spread to other communi-
ties, the name “tuxedo” being used be-
cause of its trade value.
Why “Q” Is Superfiluous
“Q,” always pronounced “k,” is nev-
er used in regularly formed English
words except when it is followed by
“uw.” It is therefore a superfluous let-
ter. This usage is a holdover from
the ancient alphabets, We borrowed
the combination from the Latin along
with the letters. In the earliest Greek
alphabets there was a letter corre-
sponding to “q” and before it was dis-
pensed with entirely it survived in
combinations of “q” and “wu.” The Ro-
mans borrowed it and in Latin *“q”
was always followed by “uw.” There
was no “gq” in Anglo-Saxon, the Nor-
mans being responsible for its intro-
duction into English. Most of the
words containing “qu” are of Latin or
French origin.—Pathfinder.
Why Fur Farms Are Growing
Fur farming is winning its way into
the ranks of important businesses in
this country. It is estimated that there
are now more than 5,000 fur farms in
the United States, with an aggregate
investment of more than $20,000,600.
This tremendous total is exclusive of
the large areas of muskrat marshes,
operated privately or by states, as fur
farms,
Federal officials are aiding in the
establishment and development of
these farms and making particular
study of diseases of wild animals and
proper diet and correlated questions,
Why Coins Are. Milled
The edges of coins are reeded ot
corrugated to prevent fraudulent re-
moval of metal and also to protect
them from wear. Nickels and 1-cent
pieces do not wear so rapidly and the
metal in them has little intrinsic value.
Therefore, only gold and silver coins
are made with reeded edges. All
coins, however, are milled; namely,
they are made with a raised border
to protect the face itself from wear.—
Pathfinder Magazine.
hen this advertisement appears, the
election will be over.
The country will again be saved, and
our patrons may continue the old occupa-
tion of trying to make a living. This
Bank has lived through many elections,
and has gone on its way unmindful of the
result.
We still are here to do business.
THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK
BELLEFONTE, PA.
o - CANEY - : a PE T —— a . > — mm
Fis : fi rere eer POTTS ERT EE . :
. MILE-A-MINUTE MARTY —by— Decker Chevrolet Co., Bellefonte, Pa
W ere n AW/- HERE'S THE weg is My NAME-J ALL | WANT You ¥ Y'SEE- ITS THIS WAY:- ME AN MY GAL ARE |.
PLACE / THEY MARTY MILES — Ml 70 DO IS HANG | GOING OUT FOR A LONG DRIVE IN THE
E & ; OUGHTA \ WANTA THE BALLOT Box | SWELL USED CAR | BOUGHT AT
1 np | |=} sEF mp. ON THE OUTSIDE A —
To Do ME A _PoLLs/ OF THE Be D EC E i
| - ALITTLE [POLLS B= . | POLLS ON Es OF fo ;
“I ate = a: = CHEVROLET
Saige et
£3 AND | WANT THE BOR HANOY
£5; “3 SO I CAN DROP MY BALLOT, 3
a or. Gir ANN AEE Sat TF |b
Te viEE i Rr ~ ed ¢ P|!" ge
VYCTIO REA, VT 1924 Overland Touring ....§ 32.00 1925 Chevrolet Coupe ........ $ 150.00 1927 Buick Sedan ......... $ 450.00
\ & | 1924 Chevrolet 4-Door 1926 Chevrolet Sedan .......... $ 150.00 1927 Nash Sedan .................. $ 275.00
S F - Sedan ili... $ 75.00 1924 Oldsmobile Sedan ........ $ 125.00 1925 Stewart 11% Ton Truck
: - V 1926 Essex Coach ................ $ 45.00 1927 Essex Sedan ................. $ 225.00 (2 new tires) ........... $ 175.00
@ LAN 1926 Overland % Ton Panel 1929 Essex Coupe ........c...... $ 225.00 1926 Chevrolet 11, Ton
L Body Truck ............ $ 50.00 1927 Pontiac Roadster ....... $ 240.00 Truck (open express
: ] | ; id 1925 Buick Roadster ......... $3 75.00 1927 Oakland Roadster ..... $ 225.00 body). $ 150.00
L FL 1926 Ford Coupe ................ $ 62.00 1929 Ford Roadster ............. $ 325.00 1929 Chevrolet Coach $ 450.00
. a ( 1925 Ford Coupe .................. $ 45.00 1928 Whippet Roadster 1929 Chevrolet Sedan $ 460.00
1 : 1926 Chevrolet Touring ...-$ 60.00 (Sport) ..................... $ 225.00 1930 Chevrolet Coach (Very
p 7 Hy ¥ 1924 Oldsmobile Touring ...§ 55.00 1927 Chevrolet Roadster ..$ 175.00 small mileage .......... $ 655.00
dr DECKER CHEVROLET CO
: . » ZE
, & endliin LAND 9
{ 4 ; N\ : a 3 i Phone 405 ee oo eco BELLEFONTE, PA.
, {1 : . NN t
ly MALL L. %orel 1. meee S—— m— — —FT
HOOKER i e 1 Birmingham Man Learns w ;
% LM How to Avoid Old Age | Week Length Is Not Universal £6 Th T: if d
: Crore lO) 2 QLiitke.). wy got fooled by a headline recent- Throughout World € umu t an
” ly,” said Banks Talmadge, “for im Where did man get his week and
E looking over a magazine I saw ‘How | what decided its length? Like s0 many | ’ ’ 29
2 Ys !
: to Avoid Old Age,’ and while I am | things, says the San Francisco Chron-. t he hout mg Dies
Wellman's Map, Showing Frithjof Nansen Land, Where Andree’s Body Was | pot yet worried over the matter, yet I| icle, it came from the Romans, but it
Found. registered attention. Among other ways | did not originate in Rome. During the :
othe
$22.50 Suits
are not startlingly
new--we admit it--
but here is what
Is New
Suits that are tailored as
these are, with fabrics
such as these Suits are
made of is something
That
Is New
Not for fifteen years have you seen such
Suits for $2250. A year ago $35.00
would not have bought any better.
They are at Fauble’s and we know such
values can not be duplicated in Bellefonte.
Let Us Show You
A. Fauble
3
Y_-..