Sosa fk
Bellefonte Pa., August 8, 1930.
HOW
LANGUAGE IS DEVELOPED
BY SLANGY ADDITIONS.—
In a recent statement to the
press, Sir Israel Gollancz, pro-.
fessor of English in the Univer-
sity of London said: “There is
a very real and grave danger in
a situation and cultured Amer-
fcans feel greatly concerned
about it. From all ends of the
earth fresh'barbarisms are pour-
ing into the country. The Eng-
lish language in America is like
the herd of Gadarene swine,
but we may hope that it may not
altogether annihilate itself. I
still have a belie: that the Lon-
don conference will prove not to
have been in vain.”
The most natural reply to the
Englishman is: Who can stop
it? What can be done about it?
What harm will so-called bar-
barisms do? Didn't the lan-
. guage—every language—develop
by barbarisms?
To most people who use lan-
guage, it is merely a means of
communication. As long as the
proper information is passed on,
the Individual is usually satis-
fled. This information fits the
mood of the speaker. It is
slangy, different, dull or pictur-
esque. The words are picked
up and spoken in the same fash-
ion.
What is the present speech?
The best phrase of a user of
Oxford English is a vulgar lat-
inism or street French or Scan-
dinavian word. Sir Israel can
no more stop the onrush of lan-
guage with its new barbarisms
than he can bring back time
which is past.—Des Moines
Tribune-Capital.
How Quarantine System ;
Guards Nation’s Health
The United States national quaran-
£Ine system is operated by the United
States public health service for the
‘purpose of preventing the introduc-
dlon of various diseases that, when
once admitted, tend to become epi-
<demie, such as plague, cholera and
yellow fever. Few persons are aware
that at every maritime port of the
United States and along the Mexican
and Canadian borders experienced of-
#icers of the public health service are
actively engaged in this supervision
and treatment of ships, passengers,
<rews and cargoes from foreign ports,
|®0 as to prevent the entry of con-
#agious diseases. The public health
service operates approximately 100
stations in the United States and in-
sular territories, and it also has on
«duty at the American consulates in
foreign countries many officers en-
gaged in supplementing the sanitary
safeguards in force at the quarantine
stations by preventing the embarka-
tion of diseased persons at foreign
ports of departure.
How Mines Are Made Safe
As the coal is excavated from the
wseam, the mine workings would cave
dn if they were not prevented from
doing so by the walls and ceilings be-
Ang held in place by timber beams and
props. The simplest method of tim-
bering in a mine is, where a cross-
‘bar called a crown-tree or collars is
Aaid across the tops of two props,
“which are placed at a slant to reduce
“the span. Beams are then placed on
op of the collars at right-angles to
prevent any material dropping down
‘between the collars. Where the pres-
sure of the sides is very great, a strut
3s placed between the props to keep
them apart. Where pressures are ex-
“weptionally heavy double-timbering is
adopted. :
3 — LE
‘How to Fight Earthworms
* "Earthworms at the roots of certain
house plants may be destructive to
ghe plants. They can usually be con-
grolled by placing the plant in water
ap to the surface of the soil. Then
wou can keep adding water until the
sworm is driven to the surface and re-
moved. Watering with lime water is
also recommended, though care must
be exercised in the use of lime with
certain plants. Sometimes it may be
dest to remove the entire ball of soil,
Jocate the worm and remove it.
How to Wash Leather
“To wash the leather on furniture,
madd one tablespoonful of vinegar to
wach cup of warm water required.
. Wash the leather with a soft cloth
<which has been wrung out of this solu- :
tion. Wipe dry with a clean cloth and
polish with a cloth which has been
«lipped in one egg white beaten and
mixed with a teaspoonful of turpen-
#ine. Polish with a flannel cloth.
How Squirrels Make Trouble
Telephone officials of Chatham, Ont.,
are lamenting because black squirrels
=naw holes in the lead casing of the
telephone cables. The breaks occur
when water seeps into the holes dur-
dng rainstorms. Five important tele-
phone cables in Chatham were severed
dn one day in this manner,
How Camel Carries Water
According to Pycraft, an Hnglish
authority, a camel carries water in
wsmall cells or chambers in the walls of
ithe stomach which are closed, as soon
as they are filled, by the contraction of
wing-shaped fibers that surround thelr
~Openings.
* insects.
from? They have flown in solid pha-
‘years in remote desert regions; then
| 80s is a rare insect today. The Rus-
i slang have had some success with poi-
! son gas distributed by airplane; but
| airplanes are not always readily avail-
{ able when the swarms begin to fly. In
| most of the Arab countries todry a
| flight of locusts is still as appalling as
| first experiment in straight plutocracy.
: Its frame of government was much
| similar to that of Rome. Its ruling
' families governed through a senate,
i checked in one way or another by a
: popular assembly. Some of the ruling
' the public, but what really made the
. the burning mouth of a god. And its
. trading spirit went so far as to weak-
preservation to this day.
i this life, by asking that our work be
Scientists Unable to
Cope With the Locust
Scientists have studied the locust
for centuries. They still do not vader
stand the inspiration of its migratiens
or the irregular abundance of the
Where do such armies come
lanxes from Afriea to England;
swarms have been seen at sea twelve
hundred miles from the nearest land.
Apparently most of them remain for
something within them impels the ad-
vance upon man’s gardens.
The gulls once saved Salt Lake City
from a locust invasion, and the grate-
ful citizens raised a monument te
their winged saviors. In the old days
our plains farmers kept flocks of tur-
keys, regarded as the locusts’ might-
fest enemies. But apparently the plow
was more potent still, for when the
plains went into cultivation the great
breedings of the locusts ended, and
the Rocky mountain locust that rav-
aged the prairie states in-the 70s and
in the day of Joel.
Carthage Made Great
by Its Able Leaders
Ancient Carthage was the world’s
families kept power by alliance with
city great was the ability of a few
men, many of them of the Barcidae
family—Hanno, Hamilcar, Hasdruba’ |
and, above all, Hannibal.
Yet the spirit of the city differed
from that of Rome. Its people were
at. once more oriental and more com-
mercial. Its religion was a weird af-
fair, with the sacrificing of children in
en its strength. Its mercenaries were
good fighters, while they were paid,
but in the end the Roman leglon,
manned by citizens of the republic
hrought them to the ground. a
Frascati and Tusculum
One of the most delightful excur
sions from Rome is south to Frascati
and Tusculum. This section is higher"
than Rome, and cooler, so it has be-
come a favorite summer resort for
Romans and foreigners alike. There
are many beautiful villas owned by
famous Roman families, and often the
public is admitted to the gardens of
ancient trees and splashing fountains,
and to the interior courtyards and
galleries. It is a hard climb to see
them all, so many people prefer to
hire little donkeys before leaving
Frascati. The road to Tusculum was
built by the ancient Ramans—Cicero’s
chariot used often to pass over it on
the way to his summer place, and all
the patricians came this way to the
theater which is in a fine state of
Philosophic Fable !
Once upon a time there was a man
who discovered that~ he could run
faster from a Lion than he could after
a Rabbit. One day while marveling
over the fact that the Rabbit always |
got away when he chased it, and that
in escaping from a Lion he always ran
faster than any Rabbit was ever known
to run, it came to him that if he
could only be chasing bunnies at the
same time that he was fleeing Lions |
he would always be able to capture
the one at the same time that he was |
getting away from the other.
After that he always had Rabbi |
Stew for dinner any day he got be- |
tween a Lion and a Rabbit, and he
went looking for Lions every day. —
Kansas City Times.
Mankind’s Duty
There is nothing lost in doing goed,
nor is there lack of wisdom In cloud |
or light. They are all above us and
beyond us, and for them we are not to-
account, but the talent given in our
keeping, we are held to render its re-
turn with something added. Progress
is the law of life, and progress is the
product of doing. Our work is here
and it is within our grasp and power
to do our best. We cannot advance in |
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done for us, nor if we possessed un- |
told wealth would we be content.— |
Sparks.
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Historic Colonial Mansion
The Wythe house in Williamsburg, |
Va. was the home of George Wythe, |
one of the signers of the Declaration |
of Independence. He was the first |
professor of law in America, teaching
at the College of William and Mary. |
Among his pupils were John Marshall, |
Thomas Jefferson and James Monroe.
It was In the George Wythe house
that George Washington, with Lafay-
ette and Rochambeau, planned the
battle of Yorktown,
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All in the Spacing |
Printers have much to answer for, |
Billa Wheeler Wilcox had opencd a |
certain set of verses with one of her |
cosmic lines, typical of her style:
“My soul is a lighthouse keeper™
but the printer in setting it up caused
it to read:
“My soul is a light housekeepes."==
Kansas City Star,
Typical “Row House” of Rural Iceland.
(Prepared by the National Geographle
Society, Washington, D. C.)
CELAND’S celebration this sum-
I mer of the thousandth anniversary
of the organization of her popular
assembly, the Althing, finds a
country that has advanced like the
rest of the world in its chief city, but
has retained the simple life in its rur-
al districts. So simple is rural life
that in many parts of the island the
villages and farms are not connected
by roads; only trails exist, and all
travel is done on pony back.
The island's one sizable city is
Reykjavik, the capital. Of the 104,-
000 people in Iceland, about 25,000
live in Reykjavik.
Politics was responsible for the first
settlement in Iceland, and fish brought
about its development. Ingolf and
Hjorleif, two disgruntled chiefs of
Norway who refused to acknowledge
Harald Haafager, the first Norwegian
king, settled on the southern shore of
the island in 871 A. D. When the
value of the fishing grounds found by
these pioneers became known, a num-
ber of Scandinavian settlements came
into existence.
For hundreds of years Reykjavik
#as only a small fishing village and
trading pest. But the village had the
good fortune to be situated on one of
the best available harbors. As the
population of Iceland increased and
commerce grew, this spacious harbor
became a popular haven for trading
vessels, and steadily the city grew.
To the visitor approaching by water,
Reykjavik’s commercial aspect con-
ceals all evidence of the fact that
this city has been the capital of Ice-
land since 1800 and its seat of learn-
ing. Scores of fishing craft and com-
mercial vessels, battered by the sea
and in need of paint, dot the anchor-
age. The quays are lined with ware-
houses, and here and there along the
shore are cod-drying grounds, white
with slabs of fish. Anchored vessels
may be seen filling their holds with
alternate layers of fresh fish and salt,
thus preserving the fish for a quick
trip to northern European ports.
Scenes in Reykjavik.
After one lands, however, and enters
the city, commerce is no longer domi-
nant. Broad streets are lined with
rather gaudily painted wooden and
corrugated iron houses. Along the
streets American automobiles dart.
The Asturvollura, the city square,
is the center of interest in Reykjavik.
Facing it is the great stone house in
which the thousand-year-old Althing
meets every two years. On another
side is the cathedral, built of stone,
but with a tower of wood. It was
built in 1847. In the center of the
square is a statue of Thorvaldsen, fa-
mous sculptor of Iceland. This statue
was a gift from the city of Copen-
hagen in 1874.
In another part of the city are the
puildings of the Iceland university,
which was only recently established—
1911. In the same section are the mu-
seum and library, the latter housing
80,000 books and manuscripts. In the
museum is a collection of Icelandic
antiquities, geological specimens, and
objects of industrial art.
A unique feature of the capital city
48 its public laundry of naturally heat-
ed water from hot springs that were
once geysers.
Because of the lack of roads in
nany parts of the island all the travel
is done on pony back. But out from
Reykjavik, Akureyri, and even smaller
i towns, roads are reaching farther and
farther; and Icelanders vision the day
—many of them not without sadness—
when the pony will lose his all impor-
tant place in the Icelandic transpor-
' tation system, and when automobiles
will bowl along over a network of
. highways that penetrates even the
seared volcanic wastes of the interior.
Farming and fishing are the chief
industries. Forty-seven thousand Shet-
land ponies are ralsed, chiefly for ex-
port, and the sheep number about 900,
i 000. During the short summer season
many vegetables can be raised, but
| the potatoes grow only to the size of
walnuts. The grass is usually cut by
{ hand because it is so short, and the
| whole family takes part in the haying
process.
Its Ancient Sagas.’
Iceland is the land of the Sagas,
se oldest literature of Burope, of
which Sir Rider Haggard says: “Too
ample, too prolix, too crowded with
detail, they cannot vie in art with the
epics of Greece; but in their pictures
of life, simple and heroic, they fall be-
neath no literature in the world, save
the Iliad and the Odyssey alone.”
The language in use today is the
same as the ancient language of all
Scandinavian countries, the Icelanders
alone having preserved it, chiefly due
to the remoteness of their island.
Since December 1, 1918, Iceland has
been recognized as an independent
state, united with Denmark only
through the identity of the sovereign,
The island is about 810 miles long
from east to west and 1900 miles wide
from north to south, with an area of
40,000 square miles, ;
More than one-eighth of the islana
is covered with glaciers, and an equal
area 1s covered with old lava fields.
An automobile trip over one of these
fields of desolation shows a picture of
destruction difficult to describe. -
In the small country villages the
meals are excellent. But the hosts
are very apologetic for being unable
to provide what they think the visitor
would like to eat. Naturally the
tinned food which is a luxury to them,
and to which travelers are more than
accustomed, can very well be omitted
in favor of their fresh chicken, excel-
lent haddock, and fresh-water salmon.
In Iceland, as in Norway, many
plants and flowers are grown indoors,
and some especially large geranium '
blooms are to be seen.
Historic House Rebuilt.
. ——Harry 8. Tice, of Howard, is
one of a group of 40 men enrolled
in a course in athletic coaching in
'the Penn State College summer
‘session. The course, divided into
‘two three-week periods, deals with
football and track coaching, with
the latter division mow in progress.
Nate J. Cartmell, track and cross
‘country coach of the college teams,
is in charge of this division, while
Bob Higgins, newly appointed foot-
ball coach, had charge of that part
of the instruction.
|
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—Are you reading your own paper
or that of some other person?
———
FEED
we Offer Subject to Market Changes:
per 1001b
Heda Scratch Feed .......-...-. 2.20
| Wayne 32 per cent. Dairy...... 2.50
| Wayne 24 per cent. Dairy...... 2.20
| Wayne 20 per cent. Dairy...... 2.10
| Wayne 169, Dairy Ration...... 1.75
{ Wayne Egg Mash.................. 2.70
| Wayne 189, Pig Meal 2.70
Wayne 289, Hog Meal 2.85
Wayne All Mash Starter.......... 3.90
Wayne All Mash Grower........ 340
Wayne Calf Meal........... ... 4.25
Rydes Calf Meal............ccc........ 4.50
BIAN olieeepicsineainia 140
A. Midds o.oo. 1.76
B--Midds ................. 1.50
Corn and Oats Chop......ccccouemeeen 1.90
Cracked Corn ......................... 2.00
Corn Chop ........... 2.00
Flax Meal ........... 2.40
Linseed oil meal ..................... 2.80
, Cottonseed Meal ...................... 2.50
(Gluten Feed ..... 2... ... 2.40
Alfalfa ‘meal .... Lot Lok 2.25
Alfalfa loaf meal ..................... 3.25
Beef Scrap or Meat Meal... 4.00
Hog tankage .......... AE 2.70
Oyster Shells... 1.00
Mica Spar Grit... 1.50
Stock. .Sall ..... is 1.00
Common Fine Salt.................... 1.25
Menhaden 559% Fish Meal...... 4.00
Bone Meal... ..... ..... 3.25
Charcoal .............eeer 3.00
Dried Buttermilk . 9.50
Dried Skim Milk 9.00
Pratt’s Poultry Worm Powder 10.00
Pratt's Poultry Regulator...... 9.00
Cod Liver Oil, cans gal.......... 1.80
Cod Liver Oil, bulk gal........ 1.830
1, bbl. 1st Prize Flour........... 1.50
14 Bbl. Pillsbury Flour............ 1.90
Orders for one ton or more de-
i livered without extra charge.
We make no charge for mixing
your own rations.
For Iceland’s millennial celebration ,
an early Icelander’s house that was
burned 819 years ago was reconstruct- ;
ed. The new house duplicates, as
nearly as possible, the historic home
of one of Iceland's greatest lawyers— |
He was learned in the volumi- |
nous and technical law of Viking Iee-
Njal.
land before Willlam the Conqueror
brought the English jury system to
Your orders will be appreciated
and have our careful attention.
A. F. HOCKMAN
BELLEFONTE
Feed Store—28 West Bishop St.
Phone 98-7
Mill—Hecla Park, Pa. Phone 23824
England on the end of a Norman |
spear.
Iceland has rebuilt Njal’'s home be |
eause the fame of his legal skill, to- !
gether with the story of his death .
amid melodramatic seenes, has been
preserved in one of the most cher-
ished of Iceland’s sagas, “The Story
of Burnt Njal.”
son’s journey from Greenland to Amer-
ican shores, which was In the year :
1000 A. D.
The appearance of many Viking
houses resembled a street of modern
row houses in eastern United States
and seaboard cities. The triangular
Viking gable ends ranging in a line
suggested a series of cottages shoul-
der to shoulder, but each Viking gable
roof usually sheltered a single room. |
The whole sprawling Viking house of
many gables was connected by a nar-
row hall that linked the rooms in the
same way that covered passages link -
up the many buildings of a New Eng- |
land farmhouse. Turf often roofed the
Viking’s house, and in spring he lived
beneath a carpet of wild flowers.
Interior of the Residence.
Leading men of the island, such as !
usually had one high-roofed, !
Njal,
large hall in their houses. This hall
had three divisions lengthwise; a nave '
and two low side aisles separated by
low stone walls. The high roof of the
nave was supported by two lines of
wooden pillars brought over stormy
seas from Norway in the small Viking
ships. This hall was a sleeping, eat-
ing and living room for the chief and
bis retainers. Some of these halls,
which served as eating, living and
sleeping rooms, were very large. One
in Iceland was 200 feet long and 60
feet wide.
Down the center of the hall was one
long fireplace. The smoke from the
fire found its way out through holes
cut high up in the roof. Benches for
the family, servants and retainers ran
along each side of the long fireplace.
In the low-roofed aisles parallel to the
long axis of the hall were bunks for |
sleeping. These bunks usually had
swinging doors which locked on the !
inside so that the sleeper could lock
himself in his compartment.
Such a house was burned down
over Njal’s head. Njal had been too
successful in the Iceland courts. He
knew Icelandic law so well he could
repeat it all from memory. So he, his
sons, and his friends and servants
were attacked by a rival gang. With
spears and battle axes they beat off
the attackers who finally set fire to a
haystack which in turn fired the house.
Women and children were permitted
to go out safely, except Bergthora,
Njal’s wife, who chose to stay with
her husband, Njal himself was to
old to fight so he and Bergthora lay
down together, covered themselves
with an ox hide and awaited their
fate.
The saga came into !
being eleven years after Lief Eric- |
Employers,
‘This Interests You
The Workman's Compensation
Law went into effect Jan, 1,
1916. It makes insurance com-
pulsory. We gpecialize in plac-
ing such insurance, We inspect
Plants and recommend Accident
Prevention Safe Guards which
Reduce Insurance rates,
It will be to your interest to
consult us before placing your
Insurance,
JOHN F. GRAY & SON
State College Bellefonte
CHICHESTER S PILLS
Ladi: an
Ladicst Ask yon Drugeis be
Ells in Reg 30d Gold metals
Take no other. B ie
BST SEE
years knownas
(. you set
when the wash-
ing is spotless
clean?
Properly shaded
light bulbs of the
right size make
laundry work easiet
and the washing
look better.
WEST
PENN
POWER CO
BETTER LIGHT MEANS
BETTER WASHING
FIRE INSURANCI
At a Reduced Rate, 20%
13-36 J. M. KEICHLINE, Age:
666
Relieves a Headache or Neuralgl
30 minutes, checks a Cold the f
day, and checks Malaria in th
days.
666 also in Tablets.
IRA D. GARMAN
JEWELER
1420 Chestnut St.,
PHILADELPHIA
Have Your Diamonds Reset in Plantit
74-27-tf ~~ Exclusive Emblem Jewelry
TEE.
sass
Fine Job Printin
A SPECIALTY
at the
WATCHMAN OFFICE
There is no style of work, from
.the cheapest ‘Dodger’ to the fim-
est
BOOK WORK
that we can not do im the most
satisfactory manner, and at Prices
consistent with the class of work.
Call on or communicate with this
office.
30 years in
COMFORT GUARANTEED
Baney’s Shoe Store
WILBUR H. BANEY, Proprietor
the Business
BUSH ARCADE BLOCK
BELLEFONTE,
PA.
TI
A STEAK OR A ROAST
provided by us will broil or roast
perfection From the first bite t«
the last delicious mouthful, you'll
enjoy every morsel of it. Tender
ness is assured, for our meats are
selected with care, and are ti
choicest that you can buy. But
pay no more for the better pod i
and greater satisfaction.
Telephone 668
Market on the Diamond.
Bellefonte, Penna.;
P. L. Beezer Estate..... Meat Market