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Bellefont, Pa., August 1, 1930.
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MIZANING OF WORD “SHREW” b
I1AS BECOME TWISTED.— %
°.
a?
Jools,
In Shakespeare's “Taming of
the Shrew,” a scolding, per-
vorse woman is tamed by her
husband. The woman is a
ff shrew. As its history reveals,
b, the word “shrew” itself has
* peen tamed, though by the vi-
ci-situdes of language rather
than by the dominance of an
individual.
Shrew is an old word, having
been in the English language
gome four hundred years. Ac-
cording to Webster's New In
ternational dictionary, its early
meaning was, “wicked or evil
person; a scoundrel; villain;
outcast.” Satan was occasion-
ally called a shrew. From this
harsh use the word came to
mean, as in Shakespeare's fa-
mous comedy, “a vexatious, per-
verse, or turbulent woman.”
The change in meaning of the
+ word shrew is a taming of a
§ different sort from the farcical
¢ victory of Petruchio over Kath-
se arine, in the play, but it is a
* taming none the less. Kathar-
' ine is the heroine. “She is rich,
young, and beautiful, but so ill-
tempered that no one will mar-
ry her. Petruchio, however, does
so and, assuming great severity,
finally sudues her by rough
treatment.”
Sir Roger L’Estrange (1614
1704), an English political writ-
er, wrote: “A man has got a
shrew to his wife, and there
could be no quiet in the house
for her.” It was such a shrew-
ish wife, one remembers, that
drove poor old Rip Van Winkle
into the hills from which he did
not return for 20 years.
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How Chicken Gets Air
Before It Breaks Shel
It is supposed that the air sac at
the large end of an egg performs an
important function in the development
‘of the embryo chick. The chick makes
use of the air in this pocket during
the brief period between the time
when it begin to breathe and the time
when it is strong enough to break
through the shell with its beak. This
Air sac enlarges very materially dur-
g the period of incubation, and in a
normal egg the chick at hatching time
always has its head toward the large
WITH ONLY 55 DAYS LEFT
TO SERVE, CONVICT FLEES
Few Hours of Freedom May Bring
Him Back to Prison for 15
Additional Years.
Ossining, N. Y.—John Santanella, a
convict with only 55 days left to serve,
escaped from Sing Sing recently by
the simple expedient of walking off
from the prison farm. Four hours
later he was discovered roosting in a |
tree a mile away by a young man
from Ossining, who is anxious to be-
come a policeman and is in a fair way
toward achieving his ambition. And
Santanella, because of his brief taste
of liberty, faces charges which may
force him to spend from seven to fif |
teen years in jail.
When a man is nearing thé end of
his term it is reasonable to assume he
will not jeopardize his position by at-
tempting to escape, Sing Sing officials
feel. Therefore, they let Santanella
and nine other short term prisoners
outside the walls to work in the gar-
den under the supervision of Keeper
Thomas Curry.
At about 10:30 a. m. Curry missed
Santanella, who was sentenced in Gen-
eral Sessions in 1926 to two years for |
assault, was paroled near the end of
his term, and returned to prison to
gerve the balance of his sentence
when he failed to live up to the cop-
ditions of his release.
Curry was not alarmed. He searched
for the prisoner in casual fashion for
half an hour and then reported his
disappearance to officials. The siren
was not sounded, but 50 guards who
knew Santanella were sent out to
search the woods for him.
Even with his long start Santanella !
was not able to get very far before |
the gaards picked up his trail. Al-
most running into two of his pursuers
in the woods near the hamlet of
Sparta, a mile northeast of the prison,
he hid until they passed and ther
climbed up a tree.
There he was spotted by Philip A.
Brown, a would-be policeman from
Ossining, who will collect the stand-
ing state reward of $50. Brown sum-
moned Keepers John Shanahan and
John Farrell by his excited shouts,
and they induced Santanella to sur-
render. In the prisoner's pockets were }
found a razor, a sandwich, and $5. The
money and the razor are contraband.
The Westchester grand jury will be
asked to indict Santanella for jail
breaking, which carries a penalty of :
seven to fifteen years. The prisoner
was placed in “solitary.”
He is twenty-nine and comes from
Providence.
Tomb of Alexander Is
Being Sought in Egypt
end of the egg and the air sac.
Ii is the opinion of the United State:
durcau of animal industry that the!
air sac is formed by the contraction |
‘of the contents of the egg immediately |
after it is laid. The temperature of a!
hen’s body is about 107 degrees Fah-
renleit, and it is reasonable to sup- |
lbose that as soon as an egg is laid |
he yolk and white contract some- |
what. The air space is nearly always
formed at the large end because of |
the peculiar shape of the egg. Now |
nd then the air space occurs on the:
pide. but it is never found at the
‘small end.
How Famous Song Was Written
The writer of the song “Silem’
Night” was Rev. Joseph Mohr, an Aus-
trian Catholic priest, who wrote it for
Christmas, 1818. when he was assistant
clerzyman in the village of Laufen,
near Salzburg, Austria. He was born
at Salzburg in 1792 and died in 1848
after serving as priest in various
places. This hymn, which is one of
the most popular of all Christian
hymns, is the only one of his which
has been translated into English. It
was set to music by the schoolmaster
and organist of the neighboring vil- |
lage of Arnsdorf, Franz Gruber, and
it appears probable that Gruber made |
use of old folksong music in doing so.
Suber died in 1863.
|
How Storm Glass Is Made |
The type of barometer known as
-@ storm glass is not seriously consid-
ered by meteorologists. It consists of a
iglass vial about 10 inches long and %
f an inch in diameter, which is near-
iy filled and hermetically sealed, with
a mixture consisting of camphor, ni-
itrate of potassium and chlorate of
jammonium, dissolved in alcohol and
distilled water. The changes of the
‘solution specify the following: Clear
liquid, bright weather; crystals at bot-
tom, thick alr or frost; dim liquid,
jrain; dim liquid with small stars
ithunderstorms, ete. '
: How Truffles Are Located
, In I'rance truffles are located and
g out of the ground with the aid of
Be and pigs. The latter are com-
i only used in Perigord, their rooting
/§nstincts and fine nose for scent being
ed to account, A trained sow will
ff the peculiar pervasive odor ex-
aled by the ripe tuber and will make
rectly for it, either laying it bare or
{ ting it. Dogs are used in the
game manner, especially by poachers.
How Water Affects Trees
Plants of the desert have created
ecial methods for storing up the
oisture they are able to raise from
e dry, reluctant soil. At the other
treme, says Forests and Mankind,
palms in the rainy portions of
th America get too much water
have produced huge leaves that
in the rainfall outward, and so keep
water away from their roots.
, vators
i which is accepted to be that of Alex-
. ander the Great.
Cairo.—The antiques department of
: fgypt has been authorized by the gov-
ernment to search for the grave of |
Alexander the Great at the mosque |
of Nebi Daniel. On giving its per- |
mission to proceed with the search, |
the authorities conditioned that should '
the body be found under no circum-
stances must it be touched.
Alexander the Great died in Baby
lon on June 29, 323 B. C., at the age |
of 33, having contracted a malignant
disease. Nine years previous to his
death he founded the City of Alex- |
andria. About fifty years ago exca-
discovered a sarcophagus,
The discovery was
made at Sidon in Syria., In the sar-
cophagus was found a strange liquid
in which was preserved the body of a
man in perfect condition. Through
careless handling the fluid was spilled
and the body shriveled and turned
into dust.
Excavators at the time were of the
opinion that the body was that of one
of Alexander's favorite generals.
Opium Takes Big Toll
of Babies in India
Geneva.—Of every 1,000 babies born '
fn India 446 die in their first year:
from opium given to them by their’
mothers.
This tragic statement was made by
Mrs. Tarini Sinha of India in a mov- |
ing speech at the closing session of
the congress of the Women’s League '
of Peace and Freedom, which has been
discussing the dope evil.
An outspoken criticism of Switzer-
,and’s part in the traffic was made
by Dr. Gertrude Woker of Berne, who
sald her country had now outstripped
Germany in the production of heroin. |
Doctor Woker declared that certain '
Swiss manufacturers could make and
sell vast quantities of narcotics for
illicit trading without infringing Swiss
laws.
The congress,
dealing with the
apium question, urged the council of
he League of Nations to convene at
the earliest moment the manufactur
ers’ conference proposed by the Brit- |
ish government at the last assembly.
Japanese Admirer Plans
the works of Willlam Shakespeare is
Dr. Sanki Ichikawa, that he has es-
tablished what he calls a Shakespeare
garden at his home in the Tokyo sub-
dent of the Japan Shakespeare 80-
ciety, has made a list of the 100 odd
shrubs and flowers mentioned in the
bard's work and has commissioned a
horticulturist here to collect them
throughout the world for his garden. |
The anniversary of Shakespeare's
birth was celebrated here at a spe
cial meeting of the Japan 8hakespeare
| soclety.
>
| empire,
A Village Street
(Prepared by the National Geographic
Society, Washington, D. C.)
OLAND’S importance among the
nations of Europe has been rec-
ognized by the United States by
the raising of the United States
iegation at Warsaw to the status of
an embassy. There has been a marked
friendliness since the World war be-
tween the great republic of the West-
ern hemisphere and the new republic
of Central Europe, and a loan of
many millions has gone from the for-
mer to help place the latter on a
strong financial foundation.
American business methods have
captured the imagination and admira-
tion of the Poles, and scarcely a work
on scientific management is published
in America today that is not trans-
lated into Polish. Poland has indus-
tries that were begun before the dis-
covery of America, but some of them
are being rejuvenated by American
methods under the guidance of Amer-
ican engineers,
Oldest of Poland’s industries to be
affected by new methods are her salt
mines which were adding to the savor
of Central European foods as early
as the Tenth century. The first iron
forge began operations in 1333 and
may be looked upon as the beginning
of the iron founding industry which
now contributes millions of dollars
worth of values each year to Polish
manufacture. An important lumber
{ industry, based on timber lands cov-
ering 52,000 acres, was begun in the
Eighteenth century. A tree must be
ninety years old before it is cut. The
entire forest area of the country is
more than 22,000,000 acres.
One of Poland’s most interesting in-
dustries is a plant for building rail-
way equipment that was started in
Napoleonic times as a wagon factory.
The textile industry keeps more than
8,000,000 spindles busy, and there are
numerous factories for the manufac-
ture of paper, chemicals, and metal
articles. 4
Only Germany, which is Poland's
asearest western neighbor, exports
more goods to the country than does
the United States. In a recent year
! the United States furnished approxi-
mately 16 per cent of all Polish
imports.
Old Poland Resurrected.
The Poland of today is not an en-
tirely new entity. She is rather a
resurrection of the old Poland which
once was one of the greatest nations
of Christendom. In size she out-
ranked nearly every nation of the con-
tinent. Russia alone of the European
nations is larger than Poland was at
her greatest. In population she stood
at the forefront of Kurope: only Rus-
‘ gia and Germany had greater popu-
lations before the war than are to be
found in the lands that once were
Poland; for unpartitioned Poland had
an area of 282,000 square miles, and
the lands that once lay within her
boundaries support a population of
approximately 50,000,000. In area she
was as large as the former German
Switzerland, Belgium, Hol-
land and Denmark together; larger
than Great Britain, Italy and Greece
combined; larger than Austria-Hun-
gary and Servia in one. Within what
were her boundaries there dwells a
i present population larger than the
combined populations of Great Britain
. and Belgium; larger than those of
France, Belgium and Holland together;
and matching that of the old Austria-
Hungary.
Poland was three times partitioned,
and these partitionings were read-
justed between the partitioners by the
congress of Vienna in 1815. Where
the original partitions had given Rus-
gla 181,000 square miles, Prussia 54,-
000 square miles, and Austria 45,000
square miles, the reapportionment of
| the Vienna congress gave Russia 220,
500, Prussia 26,000, and Austria 35,
000 square miles. Much of the land
which Prussia secured, and particu-
larly Kiev, had been identified with
Russia generations before.
Poland, in the days of her greatest
| area, extended from a point within 50
"miles of Berlin, on the west, to the
' meridian of the sea of Azov on the
Shakespeare Garden
Tokyo.—So ardent an admirer of
east; on the north it reached nearly to
the Gulf of Finland and on the south
down to the Khanate of Crimea.
Former Russian Poland.
What was known before the World
. war as Russian Poland is that neck of
urbs. Doctor Ichikawa, who is presi-
territory stretching westward between
the Prussias and Galicia. This terri-
tory has an area almost exactly equal
to that of New York state, yet, In
spite of the fact that its extreme
southern boundary lies north of the
latitude of Winnipeg, its population
is an great as those of New York and
New Jersey combined.
Yormer Russian Poland, in this im-
ited sense, consists of a great plain,
in Rural Poland.
somewhat undulating, with an aver-
age elevation of about 400 feet,.slop-
ing upward toward the highlands of
Galicia on the south and toward the
swelling ground paralleling the Baltic
on the north. It joins the lowlands of
western Germany with the great plain
of western Russia. Its rivers are slow
and sluggish, with their mouths often
but a few dozen feet below their |
sources and seldom more than a few
hundred feet below. Their basins in-
tricately interpenetrate one another,
and the frequent inundations of these
basins have covered them with a very
rich alluvial soil.
Russian Poland usually has a winter
somewhat similar to that of New Eng-
land. There is an even cold, with not
a great deal of snow, but often with
razoredged winds from the northward.
The rivers of this region usually
freeze over about the middle of De-
cember, and the Vistula is under ice
for approximately 80 days during the
average winter.
In the Eighteenth century, when the
city of Warsaw, next to Paris, was the
most brilliant city in Europe, this flat
plain was unusually rich in herds and
geese flocks, though almost bare of
manufactures.
Poland’s history has been a tragic
one through the ages. Next to the
Russians, they are numerically the
most important of the Slavs. They
first appeared in Great, or North, and
Little, or South, Poland in the Tenth
century, where they found other
Slavic tribes in possession. The wise
policy of their kings early induced the
whole nation to profess Christianity.
People Have Changed Little.
Of medium size, with round heads
and healthful faces, the blond more
common than the brunet, their physi-
cal appearance has apparently changed
little. The working classes, who con-
stitute nine-tenths of the nation, have
always been laborious, frugal, endur-
ing, temperate rather than abstemious,
and intensely patriotic. Their szlacta,
or nobles, have shown themselves im-
petuous, brave to rashness, chivalrous,
insubordinate, emotional, artistic.
During the formative period Polana
was consolidated by the dynasty of
the great Lithuanian, Jagellon, the
| Polish Wadislaus II—a succession of
princes unsurpassed in constructive
ability. Union with the Lithuanians
doubled the population and the na-
tional resources. Together they
crushed the Teutonic knights at Tan-
nenberg in 1410 and half a century
later at the peace of Thorn pushed
them east of the Vistula. The Polish
lands on the Baltic, together with
Danzig and Marienberg, were recov-
ered. The Duchy of Mazovia, of
which Warsaw was the center, five
centuries independent, voluntarily
joined the kingdom which a few years
later spanned Europe from the Baltic
to the Black sea. The Reformation,
regarded with a suspicion as having a
German origin, only for a time dis-
turbed the country.
The advantageous situation of the
kingdom, the admirable qualities of its
common people, and the development
already attalned, seemed to assure the
greatness and permanence of the
Polish state. Yet in Poland’s history
there is disappointment on every page.
The brilliant passages are episodes
without connection or result. No-
where else is so much valor wasted.
The chasm was always widening be-
tween the nobles and the common
people. The people paid all the
taxes. The nobles, all equal, pos-
sessed all the wealth and power, but
had no sense of obligation or respon-
sibility. Intrepid in battle, they were
ready to fight for the country only
when so inclined.
Downfall and Partition.
The system of government was
oligarchic in the extreme. Succession
to the powerless throne was elective,
native or foreigner alike eligible.
Each election was an orgy of tur-
pbulence and bribery. Twice the throne
was put up at auction. The liberum
veto, established in 1652, whereby the
negative vote of a single member of
the diet nullified any act or all the
acts of all the rest, culminated in
anarchy and eventually brought about
the destruction of Poland.
Yet the criminal follies of a priv
fleged class in no way excuse or
palliate the iniquity of the three par-
titions of Poland in 1778, 1798 and 179%
by Prussia, Russia and Austria.
Poland has enriched the world in
music, art, and literature. The na-
tional dances, the polonaise and the
mazurka, were always accompanied by
singing. Copernicus is Poland’s great-
est name. Sienkiewics, victim of the
World war, by many considered the
mest brilliant writer of the day, was
a Pole, as is Paderewski.
| Mill—Hecla Park, Pa. Phone 2324
Little Willie came to his mother
with the following query: “Mother,
what would you do if some . one
broke the large vase inthe parlor?”
«I would whip him,” responded
mother.
After a few seconds elapsed, Wil-
lie, with a broad grin, said. “Well,
you'd better getready. Papa broke
it.”
Haffen: “Do you know what she
told me last night?”
Haff: “No.”
Haffen: “Howdja guess it.”
— Subscribe for the Watchman.
FEED
We Offer Subject to Market Changes: |
per 1001b |
Hecla Scratch Feed ...............- 2.20
Wayne 169, Dairy Ration...... 1.75!
Wayne 32 per cent. Dairy...... 2.50 |
Wayne 24 per cent. Dairy...... 2.20 |
Wayne 20 per cent. Dairy...... 2.10 |
Wayne 2.70 !
Wayne 2.70 |
Wayne 2.85 |
Wayne All Mash Starter.......... 3.90 |
Wayne All Mash Grower........ 3.40
Wayne Calf Meal........... .... 4.25
Rydes Calf Meal................ccc..ce. 4.50
Bran ......ceenee 1.40
PA MIRA er ennenrersienes 1.75
B Midds ... ........ 1.50
Corn and Oats Chop...... 1.90
Cracked Corn ............. 2.00
Corn Chop ......... 2.00
Flax Meal ...........ccomerimriitee 2.40
Linseed oil meal ...................... 2.80
Cottonseed Meal ......ccccccooineen 2.50
Gluten Feed .....ccccoommrmnrnsinanenen 2.40
Alfalfa meal .........ommnrereennrs 3.25
Alfalfa loaf meal .......cccooeeeee 3.50
Beef Scrap or Meat Meal...... 4.00
Hog tankage .......comomeneee 2.70
Oyster Shells ....... 1.00
Mica Spar Grit... 1.50
Stock Salt ...........c- a 100
Common Fine Salt.............. 1.25
Menhaden 559% Fish Meal...... 4.00
Bone Meal .........oomnmeerrnenene 8.25
Chareoal .-.............-.- 3.00
Dried Buttermilk .. .. 9.50
Dried Skim Milk.......cooeeeccecneen 9.00
Pratt’s Poultry Worm Powder 10.00
Pratt’s Poultry Regulator... 9.00
Cod Liver Oil, cans gal......... 1.80
Cod Liver Oil, bulk gal........ 1.380
1, bbl. 1st Prize Flour............ 1.50
1, Bbl. Pillsbury Flour............ 2.00
Orders for one ton or more de-
livered without extra charge.
We make no charge for
your own rations.
mixing
Your orders will be appreciated
and have our careful attention.
A. F. HOCKMAN
BELLEFONTE
Feed Store—23 West Bishop St.
Phone 93-3
Employers,
This Interests You
The Workman's Compensation
Law went into effect Jan, 1,
1916. It makes insurance com-
pulsory. We specialize in plac-
ing such insurance, We inspect
Plants and recommend Accident
Prevention Safe Guards which
Reduce Insurance rates.
It will be to your interest to
consult us before placing your
Insurance,
JOHN F. GRAY & SON
State Oollege Bellefonte
CHICHESTER S PILLS
-—
o> I-ON ESTER
fos! «0!
DIaSIoSy BRAND PILLS, for RS
Safest, Always Reliable
years kmown as Best,
SOLD BY DRUGGISTS EVERYWHERE
Dis you ever
figure how much
time you waste
bunting through
dark closets?
A good light in
each closet in
your home will
save you valuable
minutes every
day.
WEST
PENN
POWER CO
BETTER LIGHT MEANS
TIME SAVED
FIRE INSURANCE
At a Reduced Rate, 20%
73-36 J. M. KEICHLINE, Agent
666
Relieves a Headache or Neuralgia in
30 minutes, checks a Cold the first
day, and checks Malaria in three
days.
666 also in Tablets.
IRA D. GARMAN
JEWELER
1420 Chestnut St.,
PHILADELPHIA
Have Your Diamonds Reset in Plantium
; 74-27-tf Exclusive Emblem Jewelry
uu
Fine Job Printing
A SPECIALTY
at the
WATCHMAN OFFICE
There is no style of work, from
the cheapest “Dodger” to the fim-
est
BOOK WORK
that we can mot do in the most
satisfactory manner, and at Prices
consistent with the class of work.
Call on or communicate with this
office.
ERS Rane
COMFORT GUARANTEED
Baney’s Shoe Store
WILBUR H. BANEY, Proprietor
80 years in the Business
BUSH ARCADE BLOCK
BELLEFONTE,
PA.
provided by
perfection
the last delicious mouthful, youll
enjoy
ness is assured, for our meats are
choicest that you can buy. But you
pay no more fo: the better quality
and greater satisfaction.
P. L. Beezer Estate.....Meat Market
A STEAK OR A ROAST
us will broil or roast to
From the first bite to
every morsel of it. Tender-
selected with care, and are the
Telephone 686
Market on the Diamond.
Bellefonte, Penna.