INK SLINGS. ren, AWAKE “This' morning, some time before day break, I heard a strange bird sing And it seemed to me at that hour To be an unusually lovely thing. And then, just out of the silence Of that quiet moment gone, ‘Someone passed under my window Whistling a quaint old song. Softly he carried the familiar theme, Sure of its beauty, rare, 1 wondered if he, too, had heard the tune Flung out by the bird in the air. And was carrying it on through the dawnin, 4 For each of us, waking, to hear “The songs of the souls on a city street And the song of a bird in the air. WINIFRED B. MEEK-MORRI® July 24, 1929. — Tt will soon be that an annual family reunion will be essential to family pride. —_ It will be hardly worth while for Mussolini to try on a cloak of modesty. It won't fit. It may be set down as a safe bet that there will be no great treas- ury surplus in Harrisburg at the end .of the present biennium. High hopes are being built on the prospective visit of Premier Mac- Donald, and we sincerely hope they will not be disappointed. — Crickets began to chirp last ‘week and that means that it will be .only six weeks until fall sets in. Do you know where your summer has gone? ; —We were in error last week when ‘we said that the last day for filing nomination papers for borough apd township offices is August 6. No- “body called us to account for the in- accuracy. We just discovered, our- selves, that August 13 is the dead line. —The boot-leggers who bought an entire ship load of Canadian liquors and paid for it in counterfeit money are probably laughing their heads off, but think of what the captain of the ship thought when got back to Halifax and discovered how he had been duped. —Of course it was only a mistake, but the gentleman from State Col- lege who drove out of Bellefonte, Wednesday night, in another man’s car, which he mistook for his own, must be as absent minded as we are. Often at breakfast we put salt in our coffee and sugar in the egg cup, but if we were to drive off a car with a lawn-mower, a sprinkler and a lady's pocket-book all piled in it, thinking it to be our own, we'd cer- tainly beat it for a psychopathic ward when we discovered our mis- take. —Notwithstanding the fact = that the Pinchots are luffing along, some- where in the south seas, their names are being brought up often where fu- ture political line-ups in Pennsylva- nia are discussed. There is no use of minimizing the following they have in this State and since they are out- side the breast-works of their party’s organization we think our chairman, John R. Collins, would be well ad- vised if he were to consider some some sort of a fusion with the Pin- chot element in the next election in Pennsylvania. —We have a hazy recollection that we made the suggestion that resulted in the election of our present burgess. If anybody wants to challenge that they may. Whether we did or didn’t is of no consequence. If we did it was certainly without the knowledge of the distinguished gentleman who officiates over us and he will tell you that no matter what the other thir- ty nine hundred and ninety-five resi- ients of Bellefonte might have im- portuned him to do the thirty nine aundred and ninety-sixth has not asked him for a single favor. We say this because our interest in the natter of who is to succeed him is antirely impersonal. As burgesses go we think Mr. Harris has been in exceptionally good one. It s true that he turned tail when we wanted him to fly to Bill Thompson’s ronference in Chicago, but inasmuch s we would have done the same hing it is not for us to hold that \gainst him. Therefore, we think he wught to be re-elected—if he wants 0 be—without opposition. —It is now nine-fifty-five Wed- iesday night and we're just home rom what we believe will be the last ishing expediton in 1929. In some vays we're darned glad the trout eason is over. In others we are onsumed with regret. We are glad recause three big fellows that we :ave been pestering for about four veeks will have a season of rest from ur futile but persistent lure. We re regretful because now we sup- ose we'll have to make good to the 1dy who pours our coffee. You see, 7e’ve been promising to do so many dd jobs about her house and yard, just as soon as the fishing season is ver,” that we're going to be busier han a hen with one chicken if we re to get half of them done before he snow flies. We often hear the romen say: “Men are all alike.” 'ossibly they are, but if any of our rothers are in a worse hole than we re tonight—so far as having work aat one doesn’t want to do staring 1em in the face—they are poor fish, deed. We sympathize with them nd we know they will understand ur regret at the ending of tHe trout STATE RIGHTS AND FEDERAL UNION. VOL. 74. President Hoover's Strange Notion. In the engineering mind of President Hoover Christian civilization began the day he qualified as a member of the President’s cabinet in Washing- ton. In his speech of acceptance and in several of his subequent cam- paign addresses he stated that Amer- ican prosperity and worth-while achievement set in with that, to him, auspicious event; and in his speech, the other day, proclaiming the Kel- logg-Briand treaty he said it was “a proposal to the conscience and ideal- ism of civilized nations. It suggested a new step in international law, rich with meaning, pregnant with new ideas in the conduct of world rela- tions. It represented a platform in which there is instant appeal to the public opinion of the world as to spe- cific acts and deeds.” So long as all the peoples of the several signatories of the multilater- al treaty are faithful to a voluntary obligation it will serve a great pur- pose. They are under pledge that “the settlement or solution of all disputes or conflicts, of whatever nature or of whatever origin they may be, which may arise among ‘them shall never be sought except by pacific means.” But whenever any nation, big or little, among them construes a treaty as ‘“a scrap of pa- per,” as was done by Germany in 1914 and was about to be done by both Russia and China, both signers of the pact, within a fortnight the agreement is off and there is no way of enforcing its benevolent provis- ions. Possibly the public conscience has been sufficiently aroused by events of recent years to guarantee fulfillment of this agreement. But even at that it wasn’t an en- tirely new “proposal to the conscience and idealism of civilized nations.” Al- most coincident with the beginning of the Woodrow Wilson administra- tion the negotiation of treaties of tinued until the opening of the World War. Since that the Covenent of the League of Nations containing an in- finitely better method of accomplish- ing the purpose was adopted by up- ward of fifty nations, but rejected by the United States Senate” Tor the reason that it reflected honor on Woodrow Wilson. Then the World Court was organized to achieve the same result and rejected by the Sen- ate for the same reason. But Presi- dent Hoover is oblivious of all these things and sees only what has occur- red since 1921. : Wyoming Valley’s Water War. Far several days the Wyoming valley, in this State, has been dis- turbed by what has been locally cal- led a “water war.” For many years that populous section of Pennsylva- nia had been supplied with water by local utility corporations with entire satisfaction to the public and fairly generous profits to the owners of the plants. A few years ago the merg- er mania broke out, however, and by purchase, merger and consolida- tion the several local corporations were absorbed by a holding company with headquarters in New York and absolutely no interest in the welfare of the consumers. The new corpora- tion assumed the euphonious title of the “Scranton Spring Brook Water company.” The enticement offered to the local corporations to surrender their fran- chises to the holding company was better, more economical and there- fore cheaper service. But instead of fulfilling these promises, some months ago the rates of service were increased ten per cent.and the nat- against this betrayal of faith was a threat to cut off the supply to those who refused to pay. An appeal to the authorities proved as futile as an appeal to reason was impotent. The consumers almost unanimously refused to pay and employees of the corporation were sent in to execute the threat. Thus far it has not been accomplished and the ultimate result is in doubt. This incident is prophetic of what monopoly will do to the people of the dency to consolidation is checked. The people of the Wyoming valley might obtain redress by appealing to the Public Service Commission. But un- der the rules of the Commission complaint must be made by the vic- tims of the evil and the process is so costly as to be practically prohibi- tive. Besides the records of the Pennsylvania Public Service Com- mission forbid hope of fair treatment of the people against any corpora- tion. We sincerely hope that . the people of the Wyoming valley will find a way to win the war into. which they have been forced by corporate cupidity. ———— rn ———— shing season. ~—Subscribe for the Watchman. similar import was begun and cont and fair-minded Demotra ural and entirely proper protest country unless the wide-spread ten- |. ‘covers the difference and there is BELLEFONTE. PA.. AUGUST 2. Wise Work of Chairman Collins. | The largest vote ever cast for a | Democratic candidate for any office in Pennsylvania was that received by Albert E. Smith last year. The per- sonality of Governor Smith had a good deal to do with this result of the balloting. His record of achieve- ment as Governor of New York made a marked impression on the minds of thoughtful voters and the hope of transferring his activities from Al- bany to Washington enlisted their support. But the personal popular- ity of a candidate is not sufficiently appealing in a State-wide contest to materially strengthen his party. There must be other agencies at work, other influences in action to enlist the interest of the voters. In the campaign of last year there were several elements contributing to the large vote of the Democratic candidate for President and each did its part well. But it is not invidious to say that the dominant influence in raising the party vote to the million mark was the masterful work of chairman John Collins, of the State committee. His energy and indus- try inspired not only hope but con- fidence and brought into active effort thousands of voters who had growh indifferent or dispairing in recent years. No previous campaign man- ager had ever encountered a more stubborn opposition. Religious in- tolerance and a combination of tem- perance fanatics and bootleggers made a formidable foe. Chairman Collins deserves the highest praise for his splendid work in the campaign of 1928, and an equal measure of approval for his subsequent efforts to preserve and strengthen the party for future ef- fort against the common enemy. His recent summons of a number of lead- ing Democrats, not officially affiliated with the organization, has been sharply criticised. As a matter of fact it was one of the wisest expedi- ents he could have invoked to in- crease interest in the party. It was not an aspersion upon the regular committeemen but an offer of help ogthem in their arduous and mea- erly appreciated labor. No, sincere, it can justly complain of that act. ——1It may not be significant at all but it is nevertheless true that Sec- retary Davis is the only active candidate for Governor who was a guest at the Vare wedding the other day. i fp ———— Mayor Mackey as a Censor. Mayor Mackey, of Philadelphia, who owes his official life to long con- tinued servility to Bill Vare, has be- come a self-appointed censor of the group of middlewest Republican Sen- ators in Congress who are support- ing President Hoover in his effort to fulfill the obligations of the Kansas City platform and the pledges made in his campaign speeches. Mr. Mack- ey’s complaint is based on the fact that “there are more farms in Penn- sylvania than in either Nebraska, Kansas, Oklahoma, Idaho or Mon- tana,” and that the “farm population of Pennsylvaria exceeds that of eith- er of those Statrs.” In other words, he would have the lone Senator of! Pennsylvania, who represents the Steel trust on the floor, speak for the farmers of the country. On the radio, at whose expense has not yet been revealed, Mr. Mackey declared the other evening that ‘‘un- fair and unjust propaganda is being disseminated by ' certain Senators from the West. Theirs is obviously an attempt to limit tariff protection to agricultural products, on the grounds that Pennsylvania and oth- er eastern States are seeking to share in tariff benefits largely or ex- clusively industrial. They have ad- vanced the specious argument that agriculture is entitled to a subsidy or bounty, because industry, they claim, had received a subsidy or bounty, under the “protective tariff.” Well, where is the injustice in ac- cording to one industry that which has for a long time been given to an- other? Mayor Mackey evidently imagines that farming is a sort of diversion like golf or tennis and has no rela- tion to industry. There may be the discrepancy he speaks of in wages in this country and Belgium or Ger- many in iron and glass products, but the existing tariff tax more than neither justice nor reason in robbing millions of consumers in order that hundreds of producers may increase profits already ample, if not excessive. Mr. Mackey feels deeply outraged be- cause Philadelphia buys Belgium ce- ment, ‘just as good as Pennsylvania cement,” which is cheaper. The tax- payers who foot the expense bills of the city are not likely to take that view of it. Lamentable Indifference of Voters. . There seems to be a surprising in- difference in the public mind with re- spect to the use of voting machines in Pennsylvania since the adoption of the constitutional amendment ' on the subject. The 400,000 majority in favor of the amendment conveyed ‘the idea that it was an issue of su- preme importance to the voters. But three-quarters of a year have elaps- ed since the vote and comparatively little has been done toward provid- ing for putting the machines into use. It is true that a few counties have taken the preliminary steps for a referendum at the November elec- tion this year, and party leaders in others have expressed a purpose to do so, but enthusiasm on the sub- ject appears to be lacking. * Voting machines are not needed in many of the counties and the ex- pense of introducing them is ample reason for careful consideration of the matter by the commissioners of such counties. ‘But they are greatly needed in Philadelphia, Pittsburgh and other counties containing cities and large population centers, and the citizens of those counties are strangely lethargic on the subject. It has been announced that Mr. Vare favors the adoption of the machines which, if true, would guarantee their adoption in Philadelphia, but there are no visible signs of preparation to submit the question to vote this year, and it will take time as well as money to accomplish that result. ! Voting machines cost a good deal at the beginning but according to experts they are a valuable asset and a wise investment in the end. They | do not guarantee an honest election for a packed registry list will de-' bauch the ballot in any event. But computing the vote has been the pro- lific source of fraud in recent years and the voting machines will make false counting and fraudulent returns practically impossible in the future. This will be worth all the machines cost if they were installed in every voting district in the State. Honest elections are essential to just govern- ment and voters ought to see to it every necessary provision is | ——The Republican factional fight in Schuylkill county is being watch- ed with interest from all sections of the State, not because there is a choice between them but for the rea- son that they are equally bad. mem pf or ——— Commissioners Forgot to Advertise Primaries. A peculiar political situation might develop = in Centre county be- cause the county commissioners for- got to advertise the forthcoming primaries at the time specified by law. The Uniform Primaries act of 1913 states that “Beginning not ear- lier than nine weeks, nor later than eight weeks before the primaries, the county commissioners shall publish the names of all offices for which nominations are to be made, with the date of the primaries, for three suc- cessive weeks, in at least two news- papers, etc.” To have complied with the act pub- lication should have been made at the very latest two weeks ago. Omis- sion to do so, of course, was not wil- ful on the part of the county com- missioners or any one connected with the office. It was simply a case of forgetfulness on the part of all the officials. The advertisement has been published this week and the proba- bility is that not one voter out of a hundred will know the difference. But the principal point is will the Centre county primaries be legally held. There is no precedent to go by, as there is no case on record in the entire State of a similar nature. Of course it won't stop the holding of the primaries. They will be held on the regular date as specified in the primaries act, which is the third Tuesday in September (the 17th.) But it leaves a Ioophole for any can- didate defeated at the primaries to institute a contest on the grounds that the primaries were not legally advertised according to law. Then it would be up to the courts for a deci- sion. ————————, ——The peach crop may have dodged the frost this year but the hot and dry weather. has got the huckleberry crop in a strangle hold. —TIt will be “too bad” if Gover- nor Fisher is unable to justify the increased. gasoline tax by an equally increased revenue return. : ————————— A ———————— ——The X-ray is being put to:in- creasingly hard tasks. It is now be- ing used to detect flaws in steel. A ————— A ————— —-—Maybe those ‘New York con- victs in Auburn were “crazy with the 1929 NO. 30. rrr Utilizing the Census to Attack Un- employment. From the Philadelphia Ledger. The latest and most practical step [toward the solution of a great na- tional problem was taken during the past week, when Secretary of Com- merce Lamont appointed a represen- tative committee of citizens to co- operate in enumerating the unem- ployed in connection with next year’s regular census of the population. Of- ficials of the Department of Com- merce and Labor had previously met with employers, economic and socio- logical experts and others directly in- terested in this subject. The necessity for having full and accurate - data regarding unemploy- ment before effective remedial meas- ures can be applied was brought in- to clear relief a year ago last spring, . when so many persons were out of work and the Senate called for the figures. These Secretary of Labor Davis was able to furnish only ap- proximately on the basis of reports made to his department. He placed the total number of unemployed at that time at 1,874,000. It was later explained that this represented the number of persons gainfully employ- ed on January 1, 1925, and those at work on the corresponding date for 1928. Since Mr. Davis did not include the so-called ‘‘normal” amount of unem- ployment, which has been roughly es- timated at 1,000,000, and no exact figures relating to agriculture, min- ing, clerical workers and domestic service, and took no account of such factors as growth of population, im- migration and the drift from the farms to the cities, his statement was sharply criticized and, unfortunately, the situation, then so serious, became the football of partisan debate. Senator Wagner produced figures purporting to show 5,796,000 persons out of work. Other estimates ran as high as 8,000,000. These were ex- aggerations. All that developed from tne discussion was that nobody knew the numerical extent of unemploy- ment. 35 But the new idea is not merely to ascertain with a fair degree of accur- acy the number of idle in this coun- try in April next. It is planned to ask questions showing the number having jobs but temporarily laid off without pay, the number on strike or on makeshift jobs, being unable to find work at their usual occupation. Unless otherwise directed and pro- vided with a list of questions on this subject, the enumerator would report all these classes as unemployed. It is hoped that the statistics to be ob- tained under the new plan will afford a measure of the effects of changes in the technique of production, of the in- troduction of improved lavor-saving machinery of the movement toward corporate mergers and of increased efficiency in management. To what extent are these and other fac- tors affecting employment? How many without regular employment are physically and mentally able to earn their livelihood? Valuable as have been the sugges- tions arising from President Hard- ing’s unemployment conference of 1921, which has just been praised by Mr. Hoover's committee on recent economic changes for making a real- ly constructive contribution to the discussion, and promising as is Mr. Hoover's plan for a huge State and Federal “construction reserve fund” to provide employment on public works in time of adversity, they merely em- phasize the necessity for the scien- tific approach to the problem through the medium of next year’s census. For until we know the extent and— equally important—the many “kinds” of unemployment and their relation to the main problem, the proper rem- edies cannot be effectively applied. re AeA Wheat and the Price of It. From the Philadelphia Inquirer. Wheat prices have been jacked up in the markets. Why? Because of a threatened shortage of production in Canada and sections of the north- west United States. Too much fierce sunshine. Too little rain. There may be trouble in Argentina as well The estimated surplus of stored wheat in this country on July 1 was about 40 million mushels, twice that on hand in July of last year. Sur- pluses have to be exported. When there are crop failures elsewhere much of our surplus has a chance to be sold abroad. When crops do well elsewhere our surplus is disposed of only in part. It piles up. That is the whole story of wheat. We grow too much of it, and a glut means low prices to the farmer and a ‘loss of profit. Could output be gaug- ed to approximate requirements all would be well. Cooperative market- ing would protect the farmer. It is the surplus that will be the bane of the Federal Farm Board, for there is no way of making consumers buy more than they have need for. The law of supply and demand ap- plies to wheat precisely as it applies to all other products. It can’t be beaten. — When the Philadelphia police ernor Pennypacker as an anarchist heat.” they monkeyed with a hornet’s nest. arrested a daughter of former Gov-’ SPAWLS FROM THE KEYSTONE. —Russell Jackson, 28, a patient in the Blair county hospital, near Hollidaysburg, drowned in a five gallon barrel of water on Saturday. Sent to feed a flock of chickens, the patient fell head-first in the barrel, which was used to catch rain wa- ter. He was dead when found by hospital attaches. : : —Anthony Wasko's week-long search for his missing horse ended on Saturday when he found the animal, alive and un- injured, in an abandoned mine shaft near his home at Bernice, Bradford county. The horse had been grazing when the ground caved in, dropping him abou twenty-five feet into. the mine. : —Shamokin borough has been made de- fendant in a $20,000 suit by Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Mirarch, residents of the town. Mrs. Mirarch fell in front of a home and will be permanently lame, she contends, and claims the borough is at fault for not compelling the property owner to have his pavement in good shape. —While operation of the Williamsport post office will be temporarily in the hands of an employee designated by the, Postmaster-General, it will not be. long before Congressman Kiess will present, a, name for confirmation to succeed the late. Postmaster W. S. Hill, who committed suicide by shooting last week, owing to an allegel shortage in his accounts. —When a team of horses drawing a wagon loaded with oats arrived at the’ barn without a driver, Signor Ruhl, of Mount Joy, investigated and found his’ father-in-law, Milton Miller, lying in the fleld dead. Miller, 60 years old, is be-" lieved to have been overcome by the heat’ and to have fallen from the wagon. The wheels passed over his body and killed him. —A baby asleep in a crib was covered with plaster knocked from the ceiling, when the home of William Fink, near New Oxford, Adams county, was struck by lightning. After hitting the roof, the bolt ran down the side of the house, breaking windows, knocking off weather boarding and loosening plaster on the walls. Although covered by the plaster, the baby was not injured. —Kenneth, 18 year old son of Mr. and Mrs. W. R. Cole, of the Peoples Planing Mill Co., of Punxsutawney, had his right arm almost severed between the wrist and forearm, late on Monday, when a. huge piece of plate glass he was helping unload from a truck broke and pinioned his arm against the truck bed. The ten- dons, arteries and muscles of the arm were completely severed by the glass. —Augustus Beshore, 66, of Manchester, York county, was killed Friday afternoon when he fell into a hay baler on a farm at Mt. Wolf. He had been standing on top of the baler when he suddenly disap- peared. The accident was not discovered until a few moments later, when other” workers noted that the baler was not op- erating properly. When the machine was stopped, the body was found with nearly ' all the bones crushed. —Two bandits last Saturday held up two employees of the Tech Food Products company in front of the Pennsylvania Na- tional Bank, in Pittsburgh, and took $10,- 000 in week-end receipts which the men were taking to the bank. The employees ‘of the company, Henry Koch and George. Mitsskors “were stopped ‘at the steps of ‘the bank. The bandits escaped in an au- tomobile. Pedestrians who witnessed the holdup, failed to comprehend its signifi- cance for the first few minutes as the bandits worked so smoothly in their ac- tions. —A big steam shovel, weighing thirty- five tons, which is being used to make- excavations for the new Y. M. C. A. build- ing, at Coatesville, is in danger of being swallowed by quicksand, which has de- veloped at the bottom of the pit. The steam shovel fell into the quicksand as the crew were trying to move it. Efforts that have been made so far, have only moved the shovel deeper . in the mire. Citizens, who have made similar excava- tions assert that a swamp exists in that section of the town, and the quicksand is virtually bottomless and swallows up anything heavy that gets into it. —Wading in the shallow Schuylkill riv- , er at Blackrock Dam, just north of Phoe- nixville, Monday afternoon, Anthony Koch, 12 years old, stumbled over an ob- struction. He called other playmates to ‘assist in removing it and the boys were horrified as they lifted to the surface the body of Peter Koch, 9 years old, brother - of Anthony. There were eight boys in the group that set out for the swimming hole shortly after noon. Peter Koch, a good swimmer, was among them and was play- ing around in water with his mates. None- noticed his disappearance. It is thought. he was seized with cramps. John Koch, a Reading railway track walker, was hur- riedly summoned and with a physician and five of the older boys worked over the body for an hour, but failed to revive him. — Announcement was made this week by Ralph E. Irwin, chief of the milk section of the Pennsylvania State Health Depart- ment, that in conformity to the Act pass- ed by the last Legislature relative to milk control, printed copies of which are now being forwarded to all dairymen and milk dealers in the State, application blanks will be available on and after January .. 1930, and permits will be required on and after Septembr 1, 1930. Irwin said that the intervening time would be necessary to develop the required machinery proper- - ly to enforce the law. The milk section . will however, as in the past, continue to make thorough inspections of all dairies and milk plants for the purpose of main- taining the present standards of hygiene and cleanliness now general in this Com- monwealth. —Her clothes ablaze, Mrs. Jennie Haus- er, 29 years old, dashed onto the highway at her home at Linden, Lycoming county, last Thursday, and stood screaming from pain, while scores of motorists gathered helplessly around her. She died several hours later at the Williamsport hospital. An explosion of kerosene which she was using to start a fire in the kitchen stove set fire to the house, which was burned to the ground. She was the mother . of three children ranging in age from four to ten years. The fire occurred = while- Mrs. Hauser was preparing dinner. The fire was slow and she threw kerosene up- on it. There was a burst of flames en- veloping her and spreading to the kitch- en. The entire house was soon a seeth- ing inferno and the woman and her chil- dren ran onto the highway. »