“Bellefonte, Pa., July 26, 1929.
AN WAS TRYING TO
FLY BEFORE CHRIST.
Although authenticated records
ow that man first rode the air
ceessfully only 146 years ago,
dation as an idea is at least 2,300
ars old.
Indications are that men were ex-
rimenting with fantastic devices
r: the conquest of the air long be-
re the birth of Christ, according to
‘compilation of ancient chronicies
ade by the Golden Book.
‘Although the narrated flight of
rchytas of Tarentum in 400 B. C.
corded = by Gellius, is regarded
rgely as a flight of imagination, it
accepted as an indication that even
en men were attempting seriously
| imitate the birds.
“Many men of eminence among the
reeks, and Favorinus the philoso-
rer,” says Gellius, “have in a most
\si-ive manner assured us that the
odel of a dove or pigeon, formed in
ood by Archytas, was SO contrived
7. ~ certain mechanical art that it
\d@ power to fly, so nicely was
'palanced by weights and put in
otion by hidden and enclosed air.
Ovid's story of the fall of Icarus
jows that the ambition was still
ive in the First century of the
hristian era, as does other mention
man-made wings and ships model-
| after birds.
At about the time
scovered America. Leonarda da
inci gave his famous and scien-
fically sound plan for a flying ma-
iine. “A bird is an instrument
orking according to a mathematical
w, an instrument which it is with-
/ the capacity of man to reproduce
ith all its movements, though not
ith a corresponding degree of
rength, for it is deficient in the
>wer of maintaining equilibrium,”
s said. “To attain to the true
sjence of the movement of birds in
je air, it is necessary to give first
\e science of the winds. Unless the
ovement of the wing is swifter
jan the movement of the air so
ressing, the air will not become con-
ensed and the bird will not support
self.”
But even before Leonardo, Roger
acon in the Thirteenth century
snceived the idea of an artificial
ird—an idea which is the subject
f experimentation even today, the
olden Book article points out.
:acon set forth that “an instrument
1ay be made to fly withal if one sit
1 the midst of the instrument, and
o turn an engine, by which the
rings, being artifically composed,
ay. beat the air after the manner
f the flying bird.” . :
The compilation also contains
rst hand accounts of the two as-
ensions by which the Montgolfier
rothers and Pilatre de Rozier
roved the practicality of the first
ot-air ballons in 1783.
On June 15, of the same year, in
nother machine built by the Mont-
olfiers, de Rozier rode the air for
ne first time successfully, stoking
he fire which heated the air within
he gas-bag straw and wool.
‘After a few trials close to the
round, he desired to ascend to a
reat height,” says the account.
The machine was accordingly per-
aitted to rise, and ascend as high
s the ropes, which were placed there
urposely to detain it, would allow,
shich was about 84 feet. There M.
le Rozier kept the machine afloat
our minutes and twenty five seconds
yy throwing straw and wool into the
‘rate to keep up the fire. Then the
nachine descended exceedingly gent-
ve’
that Columbus
a ————— leer
JHANGE IN BAIT
LAW IS EXPLAINED.
The Board of Fish Commissioners
ecently has been besieged with tele-
Jhone calls and telegrams from fish-
:rmen in all sections of the Common-
vealth who are not quite clear on the
.mendments to the bait law, think-
that under these amendments
hey must purchase their bait from
\ commercial grower.
Commissioner N. R. Buller today
xplained the situation as follows:
_ The individual fisherman can still |
ontinue to get his fifty (50) bait |
ish in public waters for his own use, ;
yroviding he has his license and does
10t use any other device than those
stated in the pamphlet, a copy of
which was given to him at the time
iis license was taken out. This pro-
sides for a minnow seine or dip net
10t over four feet square or four feet
n diameter, etc.
The amendments to the law con-
serned only the dealer in bait who
nust purchase bait from a commer-
sial grower in order to have more
‘han fifty (50) in his possession. The
umendment provides that the dealer
an keep the bait until disposed
>. In purchasing bait from a dealer
‘he fisherman may purchase as
many as he desires, and the dealer
will provide him with a certificate
showing the number purchased, and
the name of the dealer from whom
purchased. The dealer is protected
by the commercial grower who issues
him a bill of sale, giving the number
purchased and the hatchery number,
ag licensed by the Board of Fish Com-
nission.rs,
BLUE BALL CHILD
BURNED TO DEATH
Five year old Irene Shaw, daugh-
ter of Mr. and Mrs. Harry Shaw, of
Blue Ball, Clearfield county, died at
twe Philipsburg State hospital, op
Monday morning, asthe result of
burns sustained on Sunday afternoon.
The little girl, with several other
children, was playing with matches
when one ignited and set fire to
her clothing. She was fatally
burned before the flames could be
extinguished. The parents, a broth-
er and a sister survive.
SCHOOL GIRL KILLS
PAL TO' GET THRILL
Uses Flatiron to Beat Out
Chum’s Brains.
Moscow.—A pretty and precociously
clever girl of sixteen, Zoe Pavlova,
who murdered her best friend for the
wthrili” of it, was the protagonist of
.a strange tragedy of twisted emotion
played out to a tragic finish in 8
Leningrad high school.
The grewsome story was spread on
record at a trial recently, at the con-
clusion of which Zoe was sentenced
to ten years’ imprisonment and her
accomplice, Zinaide Ivanova, to three
years. In view of their youthfulness
and their apparently sincere repent-
ance, the court reduced these terms
to five and two years, respectively.
“My life was gray and tedious.” Zoe
explained at the trial in recounting
the origin of the crime. “1 thirsted
for strong experiences, for deep emo-
tions.”
Signed in Blood.
She decided to draw Anna Zhukova,
her best friend and an exceptionally
attractive girl, into her schemes for
making life more stimulating. To-
gether they induced a boy une year
their senior, George Lensky, to join
them. They banded themselves into
a trio of “avengers,” pledged to stop
at nothing in their quest of joy and
thrill. The pledge was embodied in
a formal oath which all three signed
with their own blood. To prove their
earnestness they agreed that they
must commit at least one murder by
October, 1928.
To Anna and George all of it was
exciting play-acting, a new game. But
not for Zoe. Her diary, read into the
records, reveals how she was stirred
by the idea of takig human life. In-
cidentally, that diary stood as proof
of the girl's unusual litera1y talents.
A boy by the name of Smirnoff was
picked as the first victim. He wus
well dressed, “with rings on his fin-
gers,” and, therefore, to the childish
conspirators a fit subject for murder
and loot. In accordance with Zoe's in-
structions, Smirnoff wus lured to a
schoolroom, He was elaborately flat-
tered and entertained and made a
little drunk. Then Zoe brought in the
ax with which he was to be decapi-
tated.
At this point Anna and George quit
the game. Possibly they lust nerve;
possibly they had naver seriously in-
tended to go througn with it. Zoe
was furious. Little did her friend
dream that in saving Smirnoff she
was sealing her own doom. In that
moment of frustration Zoe decided
that Anna must pay with her own life
for such cowardice and treachery.
George, she felt, was unduly under
Anna's influence and therefore . not
culpable. Perhaps, too, jealousy on
account of this power of Anna over
George entered into her feelings
though she denied it at the trial.
Finds an Accomplice.
In search of au accomplice, Zoe
discovered Zinaide, a classmate whose
face had been disfigured by an acci-
dent as a child. Zinaide was flattered
by the sudden attentions of the bril-
liant Zoe and became passionately at-
tached to her. In the meantime Zoe
continued her friendship with Anna
as though no murderous plans were
in her mind.
Skillfully, week after week, Zoe
stirred her new friend to a fury of
jealousy and hatred against her old
friend. The ugly, disfigured Zinaide
began to look upon pretty and viva-
cious Anna as a kind of symbol of all
her own misery. She was a fit lieu
tenant to Zoe when 'he fatal evening
arrived.
Zoe's parents were away, and the
chree girls gathered to chat. Inevi-
tably a quarrel developed between
Anna and Zinaide. This was the sig
nal for a combined attack on Anna.
They beat her skull in with a marble
candlestick, and when life persisted
tried to finish by stabbing her in the
throat with a pair of scissors. When
this did not suffice, they used a press:
ing iron. The demonaic job took them
an hour.
“When it was over,” Zoe told the
court, “lI felt relieved—as if a weight
had been lifted from my spirit. My
unnatural craving for human blood
had been satisfied.”
The two girls carried the body to
the attic and agreed tc meet next day
with knives and axes to cut it into
tiny bits. Anna's absence from home
had been covered up by a clever alibi
in which it was made to appear that
she had run away from Leningrad.
But when Zinaide reached home she
could not restrain her excitement.
She confessed to her elder sister, who
immediately told the police. The two
girls were arrested and with them also
George Lensky.
Lioness and Cubs Cause
Panic in French Town
Paris.—When residents of Proven-
cheres, France, saw a lioness stalk-
ing through the village, followed by
its three cubs, they all rushed to their
homes and barricaded doors and win-
dows. The animals, apparently as
frightened as the people, made for the
open country.
Not until word reached the village
that the beasts had been captured ut
a near-by farm did the villagers ven-
ture out, Then came word that three
wolves had taken refuge in a neigh-
boring woods, and gendarmes and
peasants joined in the hunt that ended
ig thelr capture.
The animals had escaped from a cit
, cus on its way to St. Didier.
LAT RR
America’s Great Debt
to Alexander Hamilton
Without any question it was Alex-
ander Hamilton who laid the founda-
tions for the material prosperity of
the United States. ”
He was the founder of our whole.
financial system. As our first secre:
tary of the treasury in President;
Washington's cabinet, Hamilton de-’
vised the governmental funding sys-
tem, the internal revenue bureau. the |
sinking fund, the national bank. the
federal mint and currency system.
He was tne father of the protective
tariff and was the first to propose und
vigororsly defend the doctrine of the
“implied powers of the Constitution.”
He was first te advocate internal
improvements and the building of
roads and bridges.
Talleyrand, one of his old friends,
passing Hamilton’s window very late
one night, wrote:
“I have seen a man who made the
fortune of a nation and labored al’
night to support his own family.”
After his death his private affairs |
were found to be in a terribly tangled
condition and it was only through a
special act of congress that his widow
was supplied with funds.—Thrift Mag-
azine,
Scientists Not Agreed
as to Color of Moon
The moon is not white, it is brown;
Mars is not red, it a green! These are
the latest suggestions of astronoters.
A committee of the Carnegie institu-
tion, in Washington, reports that the
apparent silvery whiteness of moon-
light is due to contrast with the dark-
ened sky. The actual color of the
moon, they believe, is the dull brown
of weathered rocks. This suggests
that the surface of the satellite may
have been weathered by oxidation at
some previous time, although the moon
is known to have no atmosphere now.
Mars, according te E. J. Gounod of
the Amateur Astronemers’ association.
may be covered with green vegetation.
like the earth. The reason it appears
red, he says, is that the light rays have
to pass through the atmosphere of
both Mars and the earth before they
reach our eyes. These atmospheres
filter out the blue and green rays but
allow the red rays to pass. The three
reasons most often given for the red
color of Mars, says Popular Science
Monthly, are that the planet is “rusty”
with iron rust, that its soil and rocks
are red or that it is red vegetation.
Baffles Scientists
The remarkable electrical phenom-
enon sometimes witnessed at sea. and
generally termed, St. Elmo's fire, never |
has heen satisfactorily explained by |
science. says H J. Andrews. in the
White Star. Magazine, on
It is a luminous body which. can be
seen on wet nights perching on or
skipping about the masts and rigging.
of a ship. Sometimes there are two
such flames, and the ancient Roman
sailors gave the name of Helena to
the single light and termed the double
one Castor and Pollux. Helene, in
Greek, signified a torch, and Castor
and Pollux were the twin sons, in
classical mythology, of Jupiter and
Leda.
Columbus’ Chains
Columbus was carried back to Spain
after his third voyage and during the
trip he was such a sorrowful figure
and the captain of the vessel had so
much respect for him that he wanted
to remove the chains, but Columbus
refused, saying that they were put on
by orders of their majesties and they
must be removed the same way. Of
course, when he reached Spain and
was ordered freed, his request that
they be given him was granted and
his grandson writes that they never
left him. It was his dying request
that they be buried with him, and this
was done.
Wails and Whales
A certain club possessed one mem-
per who was notorious for grumbling.
Wet or fine, warm or cold, he always
found something to grumble about.
One evening he was holding forth |
as usual about. his bad luck.
“I'm a Jonah and a Job rolled into
one,” he complained, “only 1 don’t ;
happen to possess the patience of
Job.”
“Never mind, old man,” murmured
his victim, preparing to make his de-
parture, “youve still got Jonah's
wail.”
Beetle Vindicated
Experiments. show that while the
peetle and other insects were being
blamed for the destruction of public
buildings, they are not guilty. Their
jaws are quite unsuited to a diet of
stone. All they do is to make their
homes in the erosions made by the
more deadly bacteria. Even hard,
smooth marble does not come amiss to
these bacteria, and, incredible as it
may seem, experiments reveal that
they will make an erosion on the hard-
est marble in three weeks.
Folly
In Judge Wilson's court recently, a
middle-aged man protested vehemently
against a heavy fine imposed on him
for an act he had committed just im
fun.
“] imposed that fine,” stated his
nonor, “because you are old enough
to have known better. Some kinds of
fun are like insurance. The older you
are, the more it costs you."—Los An-
geles Times.
Spee
‘CITY MADE FAMOUS
~~ BY FICKLE FASHION
|
Chefoo, China, Once Seat
of Hairnet Industry.
Washington.—*Chefoo, China, re-
| cently seized by revolutionists, is a
! city made famous by ‘Fickle Fash-
i fon,’ ” says a bulletin from the Wash-
ington headquarters of the National
Geographic society.
“The Germans started the hairnet
fndustry on a large scale, but the
World war im Europe, and cheap hair
and cheap labor in Asia, caused the
industry to migrate to the Shantung
province with Chefoo as headquarters.
“Although American women’s money
paid the wages of thousands of women
and girls in and near Chefoo, when
the lairnet industry was flourishing,
perhaps few of those American women
could locate Chefoo on a map with-
i out considerable searching. The city
lies on the north shore of the ‘Cape
Cod’ of China, which extends into the
Yellow sea from the main portion of
Shantung province, toward the middle
gection of Korea. If a line were drawn
due west from Cincinnati, Ohio,
through Denver, Colo., and continued
across the Pacific, Chefoo would be
one of the first Chinese cities the line
would teuch.
Third Chinese City.
“Chefoo now ranks third among
Shantung cities, with about 100,000 in-
habitants. A large foreign settlement,
with modern hotels, consular office
buildings and residences bordering
wide, electrically lighted streets, occv-
pies a knob of land on the north.
“The adjoining Chinese quarter is
congested. Narrow streets, winding
through this portion of the town, are
lined with squatty buildings, mostly
of flimsy construction, but it is here
that Chefoo bristles with business ae-
tivity throughout the day.
“Stoop-shouldered coolies from neigh-
porhood farms and villages trudge to
the market place under loads nearly
as large as those atop mules and
donkeys. Other coolies tug at the
handles of loaded Shantung wheelbar-
rows whose wheels are sometimes
three feet high. There is little room
in the lanelike thoroughfares for any-
thing else, nevertheless the rickshaw
boy draws his fares at high speed,
often forcing pedestrians to sidestep
into children-filled doorways for safety.
“Through the Chefoo streets, all the
products for export from the Chefoo
neighborhood are carried to waiting
i cargo boats in the harbor. Apples,
sweet potatoes, peanuts, wheat, cot-
tcn, corn, tobacco. pongee silk and
| hairnets are transported by vessels
: fiying the flags of many nations. Car-
goes for Chinese consumption are load-
ed on coast-wise boats that make (‘hefoo
# port-of call. Junks that lazily float
about in the harbor pick up short-haul
among the more important Chefoo ex-
ports. The latter were introduced in
Shantung by an American missionary.
| Then Came Bobbed Hair.
| “Chefoo was classed as one of the
unwalled, therefore unimportant. com-
munities of China before 1862 when
the port was opened to foreign ship-
ping. Later a large portion of Shan-
tung shipping passed through Chefoo
and the city enjoyed a period of pros-
perity until 1904, when the Shantung
railroad was completed and the port
was forced to share commerce with
ports the railroad touched.
“Another shock came when the
fientsin-Pukow railroad was com-
pleted in 1912, Tsingtao, a port on
the southern coast of ‘Cape Cod,’ suc-
ceeded in getting railway connections,
while Chefoo got only a promise of a
connection. As a result Tsingtao grad-
: ually outgrew its northern competitor.
| The nearest railway station to Chefoo
| now is 200 miles to the southwest, be-
| tween which busses frequently run
over a government-owned highway.
“Fickle fashion threw a bomb shel:
into Chefoo industry when it decreed
bobbed locks for American women.
When the industry was at its height
$5,000,000 worth of hairnets were
shipped from Chefoo annually; a ma-
jority were sold in the United States.
Two years later the value of hairnet
exportation dropped to slightly more
than $2,000,000. Seventeen thousand
women and girls in and near Chefoo
made hairnets in 1921; now only a
few thousand are employed in the in-
dustry.”
Lights Out in Time to
Save Woman Swindler
Zanesville, Ohio.—Providence evi-
dently protects the woman check
worker.
A well dressed woman swindler re-
cently made purchases in two local
stores, paying for them with a check
drawn on a Cambr®ige bank. The
manager of the third store she visited
proved not as gullible, and detained
the woman while he called the bank.
As the bank was informing the own-
er that the check must be “rubber,”
the store lights suddenly were ex-
tinguished. During the few minutes of
darkness the woman disappeared.
U. S.-French Visa Fee
Cut to Aid Tourists
Paris. — An agreement has been
reached between France and the Unit-
ed States to cut the tourist visa fee in
the two countries from $10 to $2, Nor-
man Armour, American charge d'af-
faires, announced here. The fee will
be good two years instead of one year,
as at present. It is believed the agree-
i ment will eliminate tourists’ com-
) plaints regarding passport difficulties.
I
8 t
Make Your Will and Name"
Us as Executor |
a
AT
to a position of trust, requiring a bond, it,
was necessary for him to find a friend swill-'{
ing to go on his bond and become responsible:fior |
the proper performance of his duties. All this
past. Corporations now assume this duty.
OT many years ago, when one was appointefl
6
:
More and more, corporations are assuming all
fiduciary offices, including the administration of
Ba eras
EPS a
Ta -
estates. Corporate management offers many ad- ‘ 1
vantages. This bank is fully equipped for such |
work.
THE FIRST NATIONAL BANE
BELLEFONTE, PA.
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Our Aim Is A
Personal Interest ; i
E aim to take a personal
interest in each of our cus
tomer’s needs — that we
may serve them to better advantage.
Accounts subject to check are invited.
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Arya
THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK |
STATE COLLEGE, PA. JH
ERS ERC CUE CERNE A NAIR AANANS RAVEN
MEMBER FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM
Ree ERAN
shipping. Pongee silk and peanuts are | |
Big Cut
Fauble’s
NONE RESERVED
Entire Stock Priced at
10
the regular price. All PW
Bradley Suits included. Ll
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