Sma
Bellefonte, Pa., July 20, 1928.
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Your Health,
The First Concern.
OUR CHANGING
IDEAS ABOUT DIET.
(Continued from last week.)
Physicians in their practice, diet-
itians in their kitchens, chemists in
their laboratories and manufacturers
in the factories, all are constantly
learning more and more about food.
A new science of dietetics has grown
up through the untiring researches
of Rubber, Paylov, Atwater, Benedict,
Mendel, Osborne, Cannon, McCann,
and McCollum, I particularly rec-
ommend the recent book by Dr. Mg-
Collum, entitled The Newer Knowl-
edge of Nutrition. These research
workers have worked out carefully
controlled laboratory experiments,
and the results of the test tube have |
been verified by actual animal experi-
mentation. The calorimeter has giv-
€n exact information about metabol-
dsm in health and disease, while the
wast clinical experience in hospitals
and sanitariums is constantly check-
ing and confirming the findings of
Pure research. The new knowledge
thus acquired within the past fifteen
years has enabled us to make great
strides in our ability to protect the
lives of man and beast and has
brought us to the very threshold of
a wider knowledge which may even
in one flash solve the problems of
longevity, cancer, psychiatry and
criminology.
The scope of this article, however,
is merely to cover some of the every-
day ideas about food that ought to be
destroyed and replaced by the newer
and sounder ideas. I do not deny
that everybody has made a great deal
of progress, in spite of the slow pace
at which information spreads. Be-
fore me lies an extract from the diary
of a country parson, dated September
24, 1790:
Nancy was taken very ill this After-
noon with a pain within her, blown
up so as if poisoned, attended with
a vomiting. I Suppose it proceeded
in great measure frem what she eat
at Dinner and after. She eat for Din-
ner some boiled Beef rather fat and
salt, a good deal of a nice roast duck,
and a plenty of boiled Damson Pud-
ding. After dinner by way of Desert,
she ate some green-gage Plums, some
Figgs, and Rasberries and Cream. 1
desired her to drink a good half-pint
Glass of warm Rum and Water which
she did and soon was a little better
—for Supper she had Water-gruel
with a Couple of small Table Spoon-
fuls of Rum in it and going to bed I
gave her a good dose of Rhubarb and
Ginger. She was much better before
she went to bed—And I hope will be
brave to Morrow.
That voice from the past not only
shows the scandalous character of
our ancestors’ diet, but it also shows
a glimmering of realization that
there was something wrong with such
‘diet and that excesses must be fol-
lowed by drastic treatment. It is
Quite possible that a hundred years
‘hence our descendants will thrill with
orror at the very menus that we in
our present wisdom set on our tables,
There are still some people who
‘think that fish is a food for the brain,
although the idea was being ridicul-
as long as Mark Twain's time.
You will remember the story of the
aspiring author who wrote to Mark
to ask whether it was true, as Prof-
essor Agassiz had said, that fish was
‘brain food. Mark replied in the af-
firmative, but added, “If the speci-
men composition you send is your
fair usual average, I should judge
that perhaps a couple of whales
would be all you would want for the
Present. Not the largest kind, but
simply good middling-sized whales.”
We know today that there are wo
specific foods for brain, muscle, skin,
lungs or liver. We know that dif-
ferent chemical constituents are de-
manded by different parts of our bod-
des, but we do not expect to supply
these wholesale by stuffing on a par-
ticular food. For example, whole
wheat is known to be high in calcium.
The body needs fifteen grains of cal-
cium every day. Shall we therefore
eat a great deal of whole wheat
bread? Well, it would require near-
ly six pounds of the bread to give us
that much calcium. Dried fruits of
certain kinds supply iron, but the
quantity you would have to eat to
Let much iron would be very damag-
ing to digestion.
As the body of chemical knowledge
grows, it is perhaps unfortunate that
-a great many unrelated and often in-
accurate scraps of it get into the
minds of laymen. A little knowledge,
of chemistry in particular, is indeed a
dangerous thing. People talk entire-
ly too glibly of iron, and calcium, and
iodine, and chlorine, and of the food
they must eat to get what their bod-
ies need. I should like to have some
sort of instrument with which to look
inside of the heads of some of my
patients and see the jumble of half-
knowledge and fallacies and fads and
fancies stored there in the section
labeled diet.
There are those who think they
have to stand up fifteen minutes after
meals to keep from getting fat.
This inhibits digestion, and certainly
any method adopted to reduce weight
which does so by punishing the stom-
ach is not to be dietetically condon-
There are those who think they
ought to sleep after meals, which is
bad. There are those who go with-
out luncheon or breakfast every day,
which is also bad. There are those
‘who deny themselves all meat, for no
reason except fancy, and that too is
bad
The catchwords of diet are a threat
to health. Let us run quickly through
some of the simpler food fallacies
which have been exploded:
{
Owners of Woodland Along the L.
and T. Recover for Fire Dam-
| age and Hint at Laxity.
Timberland owners in Centre and
Huntingdon counties won their suit
against the Pennsylvania Railroad
for damages to timberland from the
great fire of the spring of 1925 near
Marengo.
The fire occurred on the Fairbrook
' branch, whose abandonment later was
‘attributed by some as a gesture to
cause these claimants to abandon the
suit, and the recent attempt by the
appraised value, seems to confirm this
| opinion.
| The suit attracted State wide at-
| tention on account of the great area
‘burned over, the widely diversified
ownership consisting of farmers,
Iumbermen, sportsmen, business and
professional men from all over Penn-
sylvania; the fact that Pennsylvania
Forest Department reports - did not
correspond with the facts uncovered
by private investigations either as to
time fire started, cause of the fire,
area burned or amount of damages;
and the development of a new legal
element of carelessness on the part
of the company in not clearing ade-
quate safety strips, as is required by
| the Pennsylvania Department of For-
| estry.
Hicks ' & Owens, of Tyrone, Pa.,
rand John Love, of Bellefonte, Pa.,
{ were the attorneys in the case, and
they employed the Forest Service
Company, also of Tyrone, Pa., to in-
vestigate the cause of, and appraise
the damages from the fire, and it was
found that while reports of the For-
estry Department showed the fire
started at 11:45 A. M. from “un<
known” cause, the fire really started
at 10:40 A. M,, immediately after
trains of the Pennsylvania Railroad
passed point where the fire started,
and notwithstanding appeals from
Property owners who felt the fire was
caused by carelessness of the rail-
road, the local forestry officials re-
fused to do anything that would aid
them, and as the examination of io-
comotives can only be made by for-
estry officials, property owners were
denied this information.
Another development of the suit
was the fact that the area damagad
was practically 100% greater, and
the amount of damages paid by the
company 500% greater than that re-
ported by the Forestry Department,
while the actual loss sustained far
exceeded both.
The private investigation revealed
laxity and inefficiency, if not a con
spiracy to conceal facts in regard to
the cause of the fire, and at least one
local forestry representative was re-
placed, while it is held that some oth-
ers should be, and the Forestry De-
partment would save a lot of criti-
cism and make itself of greater value
to those trying to grow timber if it
would revise its practices in regard
to investigation of the causes of for-
est fires.
The property damaged in the burn-
ed .area belonged to the Evergreen
Hunting club with a large mem-
bership in Pensylvania; Dr. George
Lake of Pitsburgh; The Tyrone Min-
ing & Manufacturing Company of
Tyrone; the Fairbrook Country Club;
E. E. Ellenberger; J. Raymond Guy-
er; Guy D. Rossman; Samuel Wig-
ton; B. Frank Davis; Freq Stone-
braker, and Chester Beher, besides a
great many other smaller landown-
ers living in the vicinity of the fire.
* k kk x
it pp
Wasp’s Nest Admitted a Marvel of
Nature.
The solitary wasp called Eumenes
amedei attains great excellence alike
in the chases and in the craft of
building; it is a “Nimrod and a Vit-
ruvius by turns.” With minute peb-
bles and salivated mortar it builds
a finely finished cupola about three-
quarters of an inch in height, the
outside of which is covered with
glistening grains of quartz or some-
times with tiny snail shells; the ori-
fice at the top’s “like the mouth of
an amphora gracefully curved,
worthy of a potter’s wheel.”
After the mother wasp has placed
an egg in her well-fashioned nest she
adds five to ten small caterpillars,
and it is remarkable that the egg in
the well-stocked nest develops into
a female wasp, while that in the
meagerly provisioned nest becomes
the much smaller male.
It appears that the stung caterpil-
lars that form the living larder in-
side the wasp’s cell are but imper-
fectly paralyzed, and toss about when
touched. Now, the least pressure
would crush. the delicate egg. So it
is hung by a thread from the roof of
the cupola, and after the Eumenes
grub hatches it makes the cast shell
of the egg into a flexible staircase
so that it can reach the caterpillars
and bite them, yet retreat if they are
too vigorously recalcitrant. This is
perfection.
ta
Increased Noise Cuts Work, Inventor
States.
Noise is increasing 100 per cent.
yearly in American cities and causes
20 per cent. loss of efficiency to the
average worker, according to Dr.
Hiram Percy Maxim, lieutenant com-
mander in the United States naval
reserve, who is working on plans for
silencing riveters, subways and
building machinery.
“I believe the worker who is earn-
ing $20 a week could under quiet con-
ditions, earn $25 a week with no
greater expenditure of effort,” he
said. “There is no question but that
the noise in our cities is a contribut-
ing factor in the increasing number
of neurotics and cases of nervous
breakdowns.”
Doctor Maxim mentioned specifi-
cally the noises of traffic, including
horns of automobiles, exhaust noises
of cars and trucks, the riveting ma-
chine, the street car, and pulsating
noises of many kinds of machines.
All these, he believes, would be
eliminated or reduced to a fraction
of their present intensity if the pub-
lic were awakened to what they “cost
in health and money.
Salt is a profitable addition to the
daily ration of the dairy cow.
To aid digestion and to stimulate
appetite, keep salt before dairy cows
at all times. :
If you are lacking in suitable rough-
age, do not put too much faith in
straw and coarse corn fodder.
Dairymen who tuberculin-test their
herds are in line for better profits and
have the satisfaction of knowing that
disease does not lurk in their herds,
Only the best proved sires can be
relied on to increase the production
of daughters over that of dams havy-
ing a yearly production of 400 pounds
of butterfat.
Properly cured hay and green food
carry factors that are not only bene-
ficial to the proper development of
calves, but are also necessary for
proper reproduction.
A question for the people of any
section to ask themselves is, wheth-
er old land that has been in cultiva-
tion for years is richer or poorer than
newly cleared land. If it is lower in
fertility, things are wrong and the
greatest problem in that section or
on that farm is to reverse the pro-
cess. New situations are arising and
new adaptations are being made, but
none have taken the place of soil
fertility. It is still basic. Stable
manure, green manure crops and
commercial fertilizers must be used
intelligently to maintain the fertility
of good soil—first, to enrich thin
soils, and secondarily, to grow a crop.
This is the only type of agriculture
that can survive and the only kind
that can be prosperous, it matters not
what artificial remedies are brought
his existence.—Southern Agricultur-
ist.
Vineyards fertilized with nitrate of
soda showed an increased yield of 39
per cent. in the grape belt of northern
Ohio this year. A three-year experi-
ment under the direction of C. S. Hol-
land, extension specialist in horticul-
ture at the Ohio State university,
gave these returns when a final check
was made.
The heavy increase was brought
about by the addition of 500 pounds
of nitrate of soda per acre. It was
checked against unfertilized plots and
showed a yield of grapes worth $54.40
ber acre more than grapes produced
on unfertilized plots.
Application of 250 pounds of ni-
trate of soda per acre brought a pro-
duction increase of 29 per cent., or
$40 worth of grapes per acre. The
fertilizer was applied in the spring,
and was broadcast by hand.
The cost of nitrate of soda was
$15 per acre when 500 pounds was ap-
plied, $7.50 per acre when 250 pounds
was used. The overhead cost of pro-
duction remained the same, so that
the heavier vields cost less per
pound to produce.
Give the good dairy cow a rest of
six to eight weeks before freshening,
for it will mean more production than
if she is milked up until she freshens,
declares Burt Oderkirk, extension
dairyman at Iowa State College
“Through selection, feeding and
breeding, Iowa’s most progressive
dairymen have developed high pro-
ducing herds in which there are many
cows that will milk continually
throughout the year from one fresh-
ening to the next without a rest, un-
less their owners see to it that they
receive a vacation,” Mr. Oderkirk as-
serts.
“The profitable cow of the future
will be one which produces 300
pounds or more of butterfat in 10 to
103 months, takes six to eight weeks
rest to build up her body for the next
lactation, and drops a good calf each
year. A cow that will continue such
a program year in and year out will
prove most profitable.”
Cows bred so as to freshen in the
fall, when properly fed, will milk
heavily through the winter and when
put on grass will continue satisfac-
tory production until hot weather ar-
rives: They will then naturally go
down in production and may be dried
up.
If there is difficulty in drying up a
cow before she is to frehsen, she
should be taken off grass and not al-
lowed any other sufficient feed for a
time. She may be milked only once
a day for awhile and other milkings
skipped later on.
The feed given good dry cows he-
fore freshening will be well paid for
when the cow freshens. Hence, feed
the dry cow so as to get her in good
condition.
Large scales were introduced orig-
inally in stock yards for weighing live
stock because in the early days car-
load drafts were representative of the
business. Since that time great
changes have occurred. Nowadays
the average draft of cattle at some
stock yards is less than four head and
the thousands of single animals are
weighed; nevertheless in many cases
large scales are used. In the adminis-
tration of the Packers and Stock
Yards act by the United States De-
partment of Agriculture constant en-
deavor has been made to bring ahout
the weighing of small drafts of live
stock on small scales.
A 30,000-pound or 40,000-pound ca-
pacity scale should not be used for
weighing single animals, says the de-
partment, but a small scale with a
capacity of from 4,000 to 6,000
pounds should be provided for weigh-
ing single animals and small drafts
up to the capacity of the scale.
Small scales have been introduced for
weighing small drafts in some stock
yards. This has involved a departure
from long-established practice. As a
consequence criticisms are sometimes
voiced by persons accustomed to the
scales. However, experience with
small scales usually results in a
change in viewpoint and they become
recognized as a valuable improvement,
This is ilustrated by a recent report
from a large stock yard in Middle
West which reads:
“The two small scales used for
weighing calves seem to give satis-
faction and there is no question but
that the weighing of singles and
small loads has been speeded up ma-
terially and is much more satisfac-
tory and accurate than the weighing
of such drafts over large scales.”
Third
Liberty Loan Bonds
The Treasury offers a new
per cent.
reasury
The new
exchange will be
to September 15,
Holders should consult their
banks at once for further de-
offering.
tails of this
Third Liberty Loan Bonds
mature on September 15,
1928, and will
ear interest on that date,
A W.
Secretary of the Treasury.
Washington, July 5, 1928,
bond in exchange
for Third Liberty Loan Bonds,
: bonds will bear
Interest from July 16, 1928,
Interest on Third Liberty
Loan Bonds surrendered for
P. R. R. PAYS BIG | FARM NOTES. ATTORNEYS-AT-LAW
FOREST FIRE LOSSES. — FIRE INSURANCE | KLINE _ WOODRING.
At a Reduced Rate 20%
, 71-28-6m J. M. KEICHLINE, Agent Bxctange =
| —
12-15 year
|
|
|
|
|
|
paid in full
1928.
Lv. Bellefonte .
cease to
ductor, which
passage between
and West
MELLON,
phia
Returning, Lv. Atlantic City
North Philadelphia . 5.50 P.M.
Passengers to Philadelphia will
get exchange Sikes from train con-
will
—Attorney-at
Law, Bellefonte, Pa, Practices im
all courts. Office, room 18 Criders
-1y
irene
KENNEDY JOHNSTON.—Attorne ~at-
Law, Bellefonte, Pa. Prompt at-
tention given al] legal business em-
trusteed to hiis care. Offices—No. 5, East
High street. 57-44
Excursion
$42 Atlantic City
$4: Philadelphia
SUNDAYS
July 22, August 19
SPECIAL THROUGH TRAIN :
Leave Saturday Night preceding excursion
Standard Time
.00 P. M.
4.30 P. M.
be good for
North Philadel-
Philadelphia or
Broad Street Station, Philadelphia.
Pennsylvania Railroad
Wienyonrallontha
out-of-town friend by
telephoneyou get there
and back for a «“one-
way ticket.”
Twenty-five or thirty
miles for a quarter:
sixty miles for 50¢:;
every town within a
hundred miles for
75¢.
And every telephone
call is a round trip!
JESSE H. CAUM, Manager
#9
A —
you have tried
chops, your entire
all
you that in
eminent. Tender and
assured. As a test, let
your meat for to-day.
Telephone 667
Market on the Diamond
Bellefonte, Penna.
YOU CAN'T APPRECIATE.
how delicious our meats are unless
them. One trial is
that is necessary to convince
quality they are pre-
juicy always,
no matter what you order, whether
it be a steak, a roast, or a few
satisfaction is
us supply
P. L. Beezer Estate.... Meat Market
M. KEICHLINE. — Attorney-at-Law
and Justice of the Peace. All pro-
fessional business will receive
brompt attention. Offices on second floor
of Temple Court. 49-5-1y
G. RUN KLE. —Attorney-at-Law, Con-
sultation in English and German,
Office in Crider’s Exchange, Belle-
fonte, Pa. 58-5
PHYSICIANS
R. BR. L. CAPERS.
OSTEOPATH.
Bellefonte State College
Crider’'s Ex. 66-11 Holmes Bldg.
ell PCH
S. GLENN, M. D., Physician and
Surgeon, State College, Centre
county, Pa. Office at his residence.
35-41
_ i Steal GOEL
D. CASEBEER, Optometrist. —Regis-
tered and licensed by the State.
: Eyes examined, glasses fitted. Sat-
isfaction guaranteed. Frames replaced
and leases matched. Casebeer Bldg., High
, Bellefonte, Pa. 71-22-t¢
VA B. ROAN, Optometrist, Licensed by
the State Board. State College,
every day except Saturday,
Bellefonte, in the Garbrick building op-
posite the Court House, Wednesday after-
noons from 2 to 8 p. m. and Saturdays 9
2. m. to 430 p. m. Bell Phone 68-40
Feeds
WE HAVE A FULL LINE OF
WAYNE FEEDS
IN STOCK AT ALL TIMES
Wayne’s All Mash Starter $4.00 per H,
Wayne’s All Mash Grower 3.30 per H.
Wayne’s Chick Feed - 3.25 per H.
Wayne’s Egg Mash . .3.40 per H.
Wayne’s Calf Mea] - 4.25 per H,
Wayne's 329%
Wayne's 249%
Wagner's 309
Wagner’s 229%
Dairy Feed 3.10 per H.
Dairy Feed 2.80 per H,
Dairy Feed 2.80 per H,
Dairy Feed 2.60 per H.
Cotton Seed Meal, 43%, 3.50 per H,
Oil Meal, 349%, . . 3.20 per H.
Gluten feed, 239, . _ .2.50 per H,
Alfalfa . . .2.25 per H,
Tankage, 609 - - 4.25 per H,
Meat Scrap, 45% - 4.25 per H.
Wagner's Egg Mash, Wagner's
Scratch Feed, Cracked Corn, Chop,
Bran, Middlings on Hand at
imes,
If You Want Good Bread or Pastry
TRY
“OUR BEST”
OR
“GOLD COIN” FLOUR
6. Y. Wagter & Go. Ic
66-11-1yr. BILLBFONTE, PA.
Caldwell & Son
Bellefonte, Pa.
Plumbing
and Heating
Vapor....Steam
By Hot Water
Pipeless Furnaces
Full Line of Pipe and Fit-
tings and Mill Supplies
——
All Sizes of Terra Cotta
Pipe and Fittings
ESTIMATES
Cheerfully ana Promptly Furnished
66-15-t£.
EE ——————————————————
A Restful
on LAKE
Add t
i inn gy Rhy break
TT
Night.
ERIE
em———
i
your trip East or West,
in your journey.
C&B LINE STEAMERS
Each Way
Every Night Between
Buffalo and Cleveland
offer you unlimited facilities, including large, comfort.
able staterooms thai
tinsurea long night's refreshing sleep,
uxurious cabins, wide decks, excellent dining room
service.
ous attendants,
A trip you will long
Connections at Cleveland for Lake Resorts,
Detroit and Points West
Daily Service
May 1st to November 14th
Leaving at 9:00 P, M.; Arriving at 7:30 A. M.
Ask your ticket agent or tourist agency
for tickets via C & B Line,
New Low Fare $4.50 owe
AUTOS CARRIED $6.50 A™'D UP
The
"- $8.50
and Buffalo Transit Company
Cleveland
Wharves: So. Michigan Ave, Bridge, Buffalo, N. Y.
ee.
ahs
Fine Job Printing
A SPECIALTY
at the
WATCHMAN OFFICE
The=e 18 no style of work, from the
cheapes. “Padger’ to the finest
BOOK WORK
that we can not do in the most sat-
isfactory manner, ana ar Prices
consistent with the class of work.
Call on or communicate with this
office
Employers
This Interests You
The Workman’s Compensation
Law went into effect Jan. 1
1916. It makes insurance compul-
sory. We specialize in placing
such insurance. We inspect
Plants and recommend Accident
Prevention Safe Guards which
Reduce ce rates.
It will be to your interest to
consult us before placing your
Insurance.
JOHN F. GRAY & SON.
State College Bellefonte,