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ER RTE pa
Demorealic; Wagons
Bellefonte, Pa., February 4, 1927.
HAVE YOU PHONED
YOUR ENGLISH COUSIN?
It Costs only $75 to Talk Over the At-
lantic and all Centre County
Has the Opportunity.
Last Saturday all Bell Telephone
users in Pennsylvania were connect-
ed up with the trans-Atlantic service
of that company and now all that you
need do is call “long distance,” tell her
who you want on the other side of the
pond, wait ’til she gets them then drop
$75 in the box and start talking.
The world do move. This advance
step of science and engineering ac-
complishment is so wonderful that
most readers will want to know all
about it and the story follows:
Calls between Pennsylvania or New
Jersey points and London will be car-
ried over the circuits of the local Bell
operating company to the nearest of-
fice of the Long Lines Department of
the American Telephone & Telegraph
Company, and thence to the long dis-
tance office of that company in the
Walker street building, New York
City.
At that point equipment is provid-
ed to separate the transmission to-
ward London from that received from
London. East-bound transmission is
carried by telephone lines to the radio
transmitting station at Rocky Point,
Long Island, thence by radio to the
receiving station at Wroughton, Eng-
land. From Wroughton the trans-
mission passes by Wire telephony to
the long distance office of the gener-
al post office. At this point is locat-
ed segregating apparatus similar to
that in the Walker street building.
New York, and from there the calls
are handled over the ordinary tele-
phone plant to the London subscriber.
West-bound, the transmission from
the London subscriber, which reaches
the London long distance office over
the regular wire plant and is there
segregated from the east-bound trans-
mission, is carried over ordinary tele-
phone lines to the transmitting sta-
tion at Rugby, from which it proceeds
by radio to the receiving station at
Houlton, Maine. From Houlton to
New York, as from Wroughton to
London, the received transmission is
handled over telephone lines and at
the New York long distance office it
passes through the combining appai-
atus and is delivered to the subscriber
over a regular telephone circuit.
The raido transmissions, both east
and west-bound, are on the same wave
length, of approximately 5000 meters,
or 60 kilocycles. This is the wave
length which long experience through
many years of experimentation has in-
dicated as being the most satisfactory
and reliable which the present state of
the radio art makes available for this
transmission. The choice of this wave
length was agreed to by the engineers
of the American Telephone & Tele-
graph Company and the British post
office as being the most suitable in
the initial transoceanic telephone
channel.
As it is well known, radio trans-
mission of every kind and on every
wave length is subject to erratic dis-
turbances and interruptions which
render it mater.ally less reliable than
telephone or telegraph transmission
over wires. Experience shows, how-
ever, that widely different wave
lengths are not always affected to the
same degree at the same time. Both
very long and very short wave trans-
mission between two points may be
equally subjected to disturbances and
interruption over a period of hours,
days or months. It is found, how-
ever, that the periods of maximum
disturbance do not always coincide.
It follows that while a wave length
of aproximately 5000 meters is the
best which present knowledge can as-
sign for reliability on a single fre-
quency, commercial transmission can,
at times, be maintained more readily
on a very short wave length.
Experiments conducted with long
and short waves have indicated furth-
er that, because of the five hour dif-
ference in time which results in the
afternoon of the business day in Lon-
don over-lapping the morning in New
York, more difficult receiving condi-
tions are generally encountered at the
eastern terminus. In a word, tele-
phoning between New York and Lon-
don is more likely to be unsatisfactory
because of radio conditions at the Eu-
ropean end than at the American end.
Because of the two facts, first, of
more severe natural conditions 1n
England, and, second, the non-coin-
cidence of disturbances on long and
very short waves, it seemed desirable
in initiating commercial transatlantic
telephony, and until more experience
was had, to provide an alternate short
wave channel for transmission from
New York to London.
To accomplish this the outgoing
east-bound transmission from Walker
street is carried by regular telephone
lines both to the long wave transmit-
ting station at Rocky Point and to the
short wave transmitter at Deal Beach,
N. J. The transmitter at Deal Beach
operates on approximately 22 meters
and the antenna is arranged to radiate
in a concentrated or ‘“beam” manner
along the direction of the great cir-
cle to London. In England the short
waves are received at New Southgate,
on the outskirts of London, and car-
ried by ordinary telephone wires to
the combining apparatus in the Lon-
don long distance office. With the
same transmission east-bound on both
the long and short waves the London
operator can select at will the trans-
mission channel which affords the best
service. The shortwave transmitter
is thus far purely of an experimental
character and further experience may
indicate either that the provision of
an alternate short wave channel east-
bound is unnecesssary or that at times
of the year a corresponding alternate
short wave channel may be required
west-bound to insure maximum relia-
bility of transmission.
It is, of course, well recognized that
radio transmission is not, 1 itself,
secret. The frequencies useu in the
transatlantic telephone circuit (5000
meters and 22 meters) are far remov-
ed, however from the frequency range
used in broadcasting and will not be
heard in radio broadcast receiving
sets. A further difference from broad-
casting resides in the fact that the
long wave transatlantic transmission
is of a special character, employing a
single sideband and with the carrier
suppressed, and cannot be received by
means of the broadcasting type of re-
ceiving set. Thus, while the present
transatlantic circuit is not secret, no
ordinary receiving set will pick it up
intelligibly. Methods are now under
development for increasing the degree
of privacy which the circuit will pro-
vide, and these will be added as they
become available.
The opening of a commercial tele-
phone service between this country
and Europe marks the triumph of
twelve years of experiment and re-
search directed toward that end. In
1915 the first trans-continental tele-
phone line was opened, and conversa-
tions over wire circuits 3,500 miles
long excited the wonder of the world.
It was the development of the
vacuum tube repeater over a period
of ten years that made possible such
a service, and even before it was es-
tablished, telephone engineers bgan to
study the possibility of “two way”
radio-telephone conversations across
the ocean.
After they had constructed their ex-
perimental apparatus it was necessary
to obtain the permission of the Navy
Department to use its antenna at the
big wireless station at Arlington, Va.,
for its first trial. Permission was ob-
tained from the French government
to use the Eiffel tower as a receiving
station and after numerous efforts the
voices of speakers at Arlington were
heard in Paris and also in Honolulu
during 1915.
“Two way” transmission of speech
by which a conversation could be car-
ried on was quite a different matter,
however; and it was not until last
March, that such experiments between
this continent and England were suc-
cessful, the transmitting station of
the British Post Office Department net
being completed until that time.
Mirror Made Trouble
To the back veldts of South Africa
there penetrated one day a traveler,
who possessed many treasures the old
farmer had never seen before. Among
them was a mirror.
“Where did you get that?’ asked the
farmer, as he gazed into it; “that pie
ture of my father?”
The traveler did not explain, but
gave it to him as a souvenir, and it
became his most cherished possession.
Every day he looked at his “father’s
picture,” and kept it carefully lockers
up, showing it to no one,
But there came a day when he left
his keys behind, and his wife, who
had long wondered what it was he
kept so carefully, started rummaging
and found the mirror.
“Oh,” she murmured, as she gazed
info it, “so that’s the cat he's after.
is it?”
Birthstone Old Ornament
Birthstones are among the oldest
forms of jewelry. The group of 12
stones, one for each month of the
calendar year, may have been related
to the 12 stones in the breastplate
worn by the High Priest Aaron as de-
scribed in the Book of Exodus. Each
of the 12 stones represented one of the
tribes of the Children of Israel and
the name of the tribe was inscribed on
the stone. As early as 4000 B. C.
another high priest, this time in
Egypt, wore a breastplate of 12
stnall stones or crosses. Ancient
Egyptian carvings preserve this inter-
esting bit of history. A relationship
between the breastplates of the two
high priests seems probable.—~New
York Times.
North Carolina Giant
Miles Darden, who was born in
North Carolina, in 1798, and died in
Harden county, Tennessee, January 23,
1857, was the world's biggest man,
claims the North Carolina Historical
Review. He was 7 feet 6 inches tall
anf) weighed a little more than 1,000
pounds.
Thirteen and a half yards of cloth
one yard wide were required to make
him a coat. When he died 24 yards
of black velvet were needed to cover
the sides and lid of his coffin. This
was 8 feet long, only 1 inch less than
3 feet deep and was 32 inches broad.
Miles Darden lived a quiet, unevent-
ful life; apart from his world record
size he seems to have been a hard:
working, ordinary man.
Not Worth Saving
A Scottish gillie who had accompa-
nied a middle-aged and corpulent Eng-
lishman on a fishing expedition re-
turned alone and announced that the
visitor had fallen into the river and
been drowned.
“The first time he cam’ up I grippit
him by the hair, but it was a wig and
cam’ awa’ in ma hand, and doon he
sank. He cam’ up again an’ I grippit
him by the collar, an’ it was a dickie
and cam’ awa’ in my hand, an’ doon
he sank. A third time he cam’ up an’
I grippit him by the leg. Losh, it was
cork, an’ cam’ awa’ in ma hand, an’
doon he sank. So I said to mysel’,
‘Weel, ma chapple, I'll let you droon.
Vo're naething but a bag o rem:
nants.’ ”
ssl Rp ns
Many Bankrupts in England.
Four hundred and forty women
went through the English bankruptcy
courts in one year, according to bank-
ruptey reports. Milliners and dress-
makers had the greatest number of
failures, the total number of bank-
rupts being 6,595, with total liabili-
ties estimated at $80,000,000.
—Subscribe for the “Watchman.”
‘darkness by a pale green phosphores-
Fisk's Odd Method |
of Attracting Prey |
For a long time it was considered
that the nearest allies of the angler
fish, well known in British waters,
were fish living on or near the bottom
of the sea. But recent investigations
show that there is amother group that
live in midwater at depths of from
1,600 to 5,000 feet from the surface.
This region presents conditions in-
hospitable to life, and as conditions
must be almost uniform from season
to season, by day and by night, pe-
culiar modifications are to be expected
in creatures capable of adaptation te
such a strange environment, .
Perhaps one of the oddest concerns
the primary need for the maintenance
of the species. How can a fish find
its mate In these vast, trackless,
gloomy spaces, where they are pre-
vented from living in shoals by the
poverty of the food supply? It has
been found that in some of the spe-
cies the males are minute dwarfs liv-
ing as parasites attached to the fe
males.
Most of the fish live wholly on other
fish, and, like the angler fish, obtain
thelr prey by attracting it and then
engulfing it in capacious mouths
armed with sharp and flexible teeth
that bend inwards towards the gullet.
The fishing apparatus is developed
from one of the spines of the dorsal
fin, and consists of a stiff but movable
basal part, the rod; a long flexible
part, the line; and a tip with barbs,
representing the hook. The bait is
a luminous bulb, the outer skin being
nearly trausparent and containing a
glandular sac which sheds a secretior
by a pore.—Vancouver Province,
Many Luminous Plants
Known to Naturalists
Glow worms are not the only living
things that are luminous. Several
plants and parts of plants have the
power of shining in the dark.
There is, for example, a luminous
moss. It can be seen In crevices
among rocks and large groves by the
roadside, sometimes in patches meas-
uring six or seven inches across. The
common tormentil gives off a light,
too—just close near the roots. If the
roots are dug up and cleaned of soll,
they will be clearly outlined in the
cence.
The light given off by decaying
wood is common enough, but few peo-
ple perhaps have noticed the light
given off by leaves during the fall of
the year. When beech and oak leaves
start decaying they glow with much
the same kind of light that comes from
fresh fish.
This light is caused by tiny threads
chat are Interwoven into the plants
and are essential to their health, al-
though often they do not start glow-
ing until the plants are either dying
or dead. If the underside of a glow-
ing beech leaf is examined under a
magnifying glass, small yellow spots
will be seen. These are the centers
of the fibers, and if one is disturbed
with the point of a pin it will glow
more brightly for a few minutes.
Finishing Sealskin
Natural sealskin is so heavy and
salt-impregnated, so thick, greasy and
coarse-haired, that no woman would
care to wear the fur until it had been
properly dressed. It requires a num-
ber of operations to finish the raw
skins. They are washed, dried,
cleaned with oil-soaked sawdust and
skived to one-third of their original
thickness. The skiving requires the
most sensitive touch, as the knives
must go deep enough to loosen the
roots of the stiff hairs but must not
touch the roots of the fur itself. When
the bristles are loosened the skins are
turned over and the bristles are
rubbed out. The skins then go to the
hot rooms, where the fur side is ex-
posed to blasts of hot air. The last
operation is the dyeing that gives the
fur its characteristic color. Unlike
ordinary things, sealskin is colored by
being painted with coat after coat of
dye, put on with a brush.
An Alibi for Ed
Two backwoodsmen in Maine
knocked at the deor of a house at
the edge of the forest. “Hello, Ed!"
said one of them to the farmer who
came to the door. “Say, we come
across the dead body of a man over
there in the hollow an’ we kinda
thought 'twas you.”
“That so? What'd he look like?"
asked the farmer.
“Well, he was about your build—"
“Have on a gray flannel shirt?”
“Yep.”
“Boots?”
“Yep.”
“Was they knee boots or hip boots?”
“Let's see. Whch was they, Char-
ley, knee boots or hip boots? Oh, yes,
they was hip boots.”
“Nope,” said the farmer. ‘*““T'wasn’t
me."”"—Boston Transcript.
He Knew Better
I'wo negro boys were engaged tc
change one of the large, heavy tires
used on the present-day type of motor
coaches. The bulk and weight of the
tire was giving them quite a little
trouble and a bystander, noticing this,
made an offer of a quarter to the one
making the nearest correct guess of
the actual weight of the tire,
The very first boy to proffer his
guess very confidently said, “Dis here
tire weighs 85 pounds, boss.”
Whereupon the other boy hilariously
drolled his reply: “Boss, dat show\
how ignorant some niggers is. Ab
Jest put 70 pounds of air in dat tire.’
Gave Up Prized Sword
in Expiation of Crime
In the high mountains beyond Nik-
ko, In central Japan, nestles Lake
Chuzenji, and above it the sacred
mountain Nantai San rears its bare
crest. Once it was the dwelling place
of a pacific Buddhist hermit saint.
Pilgrims from all parts of Japan climb
its steep slopes. They are dressed in
white robes, carry staffs and rosaries
in hand, and chant a Buddhist prayer
as they climb. An avenue of scarlet
lacquer “toril,” or gateways, guides
the pilgrim to the shrine on the sup
mit,
Near the peak is a bare patch ot
rock, overhanging a steep precipice.
On this rock is a heap of swords, dag-
gers and other weapons, rusted with
age. In ancient times a man who had
committed a deed of blood made a pil-
grimage to Nantal San and offered up
his weapon in expiation of his crime.
To the Samurai, the warrior, his
sword was his most prized possession,
and the murderer who sacrificed his
precious sword gave up in atonement
what he valued more than his own life.
This heap of ancient sword blades,
daggers and other weapons can be
seen on Nantai San at present, a relic
of feudal times.
“Shut-ins”’ Not Dead to
All Worldly Affairs
The Woman visited a friend at a
sanatorium the other day—one of
those places in the country where they
try to make convalescence bearable.
She had to wait until she could see her
friend, so she sat down on the porch.
At tke far end a group of women pa-
tients were talking with absorbed ir
terest,
The one in the wheel chair evident-
ly had a great deal to tell. The Wom-
en wondered what it could be about.
She knew the story of those particu-
lar patients. All three had been in-
valids for years; they always would
be bound to their chairs and crutches.
Just then she was called, and as she
passed the group she heard: “When 1
bake tomatoes I fill them with bread
crumbs and butter and . . .”
“That’s just the way I fix peppers,
and my husband used to say . . .”
The Woman went inside. She was
“smilin’ round the mouth, but sort of
teary around the lashes” when she
thought of that hopeful, reminiscent
group of cooks.—New York Sun.
Cold Feet
“Do you suffer from cold feet?” the
doctor asked the young wife.
“Yes,” she replied.
What Is a
Diuretic?
People Are Loavning ieValue of Occa-
VERYONE knows that a lax-
ative stimulates the bowels. A
diuretic performs a similar function
to the kidneys. Under the strain of
our modern life, our organs are apt to
become sluggish and require assist-
ance. More and more people are
learning to use Doan’s Pills, oc-
casionally, to insure good elimina-
tion which is so essential to good
health. More than 50,000 grateful
users have given Doan’s signed rec-
ommendations. Scarcely a commu-
nity but has its representation. Ask
Your neighbor!
DOAN’S "is
60c
Stimulant Diuretic to the Kidneys
®Foster-Milburn Co., Mfg. Chem., Buffalo, N. Y.
Meats,
Whether they be fresh,
smoked or the cold-ready to
serve—products, are always
the choicest when they are
purchased at our Market.
We buy nothing but prime
stock on the hoof, kill and re-
frigerate it ourselves and we
know it is good because we
have had years of experience
in handling meat products.
Orders by telephone always receive
prompt attention.
Telephone 450
P. I. Beezer Estate
Market on the Diamond
BELLEFONTE, PA.
34-34
CHICHESTER S PILLS
Ladies! Ask your Brug og for
Chi.ches.ter s Diamon
Pills in Red and Gold metallic
with Blue Ribbon,
—Forbes Magazine,
He promised to send her some mec¢- paths, boxes, sealed R!
icine. B) BS Ey Dake re Oe OIE CT
L WESTER 8
_ ON" she replied nervously, “theyre | |G gf SANGO EAMS ELSES
: SOLD BY DRUGGISTS EVERYWHERE
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ATTORNEYS-AT-LAW
S ELINE WOODRING. — Attorney-at
Law, Bellefonte, Pa. Practices im
all courts. Office, room 18 Crider's
Exchange. b1-1y
KENNEDY JOHNSTON — Attorney-at
Law, Bellefonte, Pa. Prompt ate
tention given all i2gal business en-
trusted to his care. Offices—No. 5, Hast
High street. 57-44
M. KEICHLINE. — Attorney-at-Law
and Justice of the Peace. All pro-
fessional business will receive
prompt attention. Offices on second floor
of Temple Court. 49-5-1y
G. RUNKLE. — Attorney-at-Law.
Conrnrtadon = Sogish and Ger-
man. ce in Criders Exchan
Bellefonte, Pa. xe “588
PHYSICIANS
R. R. L. CAPERS,
OSTEOPATH.
State College
66-11 Holmes Bldg.
M.
Crider’s Ex.
S. GLENN, D., Physician and
Surgeon, State College, Centre
county, Pa. Office at his resi-
35-41
D
Bellefonte
dence.
D. CASEBEER, Optometrist, Regls-
tered and licensed by the State,
Eyes examined, glasses fitted. Sat-
isfaction guaranteed. Frames repaired and
lenses matched. Casebeer Bldg., High St
Bellefonte, Pa. 71-22-
VA B. ROAN, Optometrist. Licensed
by the State Board. State College,
every day except Saturday. Belle-
fonte, in the Garbrick building opposite
the Court House, Wednesday afternoons
from 2 to 8 p. m. and Saturdays 9 a. m. to
4.30 p. m. Bell Phone. 68-40
Feeds
We keep a full stock of Feeds on
hand all the time
COW CHOW 24% DAIRY FEED
$50.00 per Ton
Try our 229% Dairy Feed
$44.00 per Ton
We can make you a 30 to 32%
Dairy Feed, to use with your corn
and oats chop, made of Cotton Seed
Meal, Oil Meal, Gluten and Bran at
wma, $46.00 per Ton
Why pay more for something not so
good?
BR
Our Poultry Feeds Can’t be Better
Scratch grains........... $2.40 per H.
Wagner's poultry Mash.. 2.90 per H.
Cotton seed meal 439%....$42.00 per ton
Oil meal 84%............. 54.00 per ton
Gluten feed 28%.......... 42.00 per ton
Alfalfa fine grade......... 45.00 per ton
BYR. cinidsinlids oni 36.00 per ton
Middlings ............... 38.00 per ton
Mixed Chop...........i... 38.00 per ton
(These Prices are at the Mill)
2.00 per Ton Extra for Delivery.
G. 1. Wagner & Co., Inc
66-11-1yr. BELLEFONTE, PA.
Cadvll&Son
Bellefonte, Pa.
Plumbing
and Heating
Vapor....Steam
By Hot Water
Pipeless Furnaces
Full Line of Pipe and Fit-
tings and Mill Supplies
All Sizes of Terra Cotta
Pipe and Fittings
ESTIMATES
Cheerfully and Promptly Furnished
66-15-tf.
Fine Job Printing
A SPECIALTY
at the
WATCHMAN OFFICE
There is no style of work, from the
cheapest “Dodger” to the finest
BOOK WORK
that we can not do in the most sat-
isfactory manner, and at Prices
consistent with the class of work.
Call on or communicate with this
office
Employers
This Interests You
The Workman’s Compensation
Law went into effect Jan. 1,
1916. It makes insurance compul-
sory. We specialize in placing
such insurance. We inspect
Plants and recommend Accident
Prevention Safe Guards which
Reduce Insurance rates.
It will be to your interest to
consult us before placing your
ce.
JOHN F. GRAY & SON.
Bellefonte 48-18-1yr. State College