i
ill.
Bellefonte, Pa., June 18, 1926. |
HAS CLEAREST
SHIES IN WORLD
Quetta May Be Chosen for
Smithsonian-Geographic
Observatory.
Washington.—Quetta, in Baluchi-
stan, near which it is probable that a
new solar observatory will be estab-
lished by the National Geographic so-
clety and the Smithsonian institution,
is familiar—as a name—to readers of
Kipling and workers of cross-word
puzzles, but probably means little to
most Americans. The city and its re-
gion, recently visited by Dr. C. G. Ab-
bot, assistant secretary of the Smith-
sonian institution, are the subjects of
a bulletin from the Washington head- |
quarters of the National Geographic |
society. |
“Quetta exists primarily for military |
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purposes,” says the bulletin, “but the ;
Pax Britannica that has been substi- |
tuted for the lawlessness and banditry
- of former days has made an important |
civil ‘community and trading center of
it as well. Baluchistan is India’s fort-
ress to the east, and Quetta is its don-
‘Jon keep. The British have been in
control® of the place since 1877, and
since 1882 have held it under per-
petual lease from its old ruler, the
picturesquely named Wali of Kalat.
“When the British went in Quetta
was only a little group of mud huts
surrounded by unhealthy plains that
were virtually swamps. Drainage and
sanitation have made the place over.
Now Quetta has a population of about
80,000; and the once swampy lowlands
furnish a setting for villas and farm-
houses surrounded by orchards and
planted groves.
Mud Gives Way to iron.
“The outstanding feature of Quetta
4till, however, is the cantonment where
8ix or eight regiments of British and
Indian troops are quartered. This ex-
tensive post is to the north on relative-
ly high ground while the civil town is to |
the south on a lower level. Mud, in
the form of sun-dried brick, is still a
most important building material in
the town, though not to the extent that
it was two decades ago. Then mud- !
brick domes fcrmed many of the roofs,
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and were considered safe because of
Quetta’s scant rainfall (about 10 |
inches annually). But there came an
unusually wet spring, and most of i
Quetta’s buildings melted away. Since
.then many iron roofs—less picturesque, |
but better insurance against weather
vagaries—have surmounted the mud
walls of the town.
“The permeation of Quetta by Brit:
ish, or perhaps more broadly, by West-
ern, influence, is a phenomenon that
cannot be escaped by anyone who has
known the town over a series of years.
The standard of living rises before
his eyes. Tea, a little whiie ago a
marked luxury, is becoming a com-
mon beverage. Leather footwear has
displaced sandals to a noteworthy de-
gree; all classes are wearing warmer
and more comfortable clothing; and
the native women are decking them-
selves out in more ornaments, after the
manner of their prosperous sisters in
other climes.
"The climate of Quetta has interest:
ing aspects. The place is in the same
latitude as Cairo; Jacksonville, Fla.;
and Shanghai; but, because of its
6,000 feet of altitude and the physi-
cal aspect of the surrounding country,
its climate is very different. Hach day
the mercury bobs up and down through
@ wide range. The difference between
dally maximum and minimum has been
known to reach 80 degrees; but such
excessive changes are confined to cer-
hin short seasons. The hills and even
e valleys of Baluchistan are largely
treeless, and when the sun is down
heat radiates away rapidly. As a con-
sequence the nights are always cool—
*In the matter of combating the
dimate, there is nothing like an Amer-
ican standard of comfort in the homes
even of Europeans in Quetta. The win-
ters in general are no more severe
than those of Washington, but the
houses are so constructed that it is
most difficult if not impossible to keep
warm. The rooms are huge—16 by 25
feet or so, with ceilings 18 to 24 feet
high. Small fireplaces are set far into
the very thick walls and what little
warmth they radiate into the rooms is
lost in their vastness. Yet coal of fair
quality is mined nearby and is used |
in the town. Its use in modern heat-
ing systems could make Quetta homes
as comfortable as any in the world.
“Clearest Sky In the World.”
“If the National Geographic-Smith-
sonian solar observatory is established
In Batushijegn it will be placed on
top of 7,528-foot Kojak peak about 40
abe of Quetta rear the rafl-
roa 3 erces the Kojak range
d extends to Chaman, ten miles be-
ond on the Afghan border. To the
st beyond the Kojak mountains the
fe stan or Helmand desert stretches
for more than 100 miles. It is 60 miles
to the nearest mountains in the north.
To the east lies a long, broad valley.
On this relatively isolated mountain
ridge on the edge of the desert the
ecipitation even . less. than in
ue seven inches or less
Doctor Abbot visited
6hk in January he report-
was perfectly blge
d wie}:
! well—perhaps
dear to every
Su Xe : sf 55s ave évér
Smallpox Still Has
the Best of Science
Smallpox, historically one of the
oldest diseases, has long bafled med-
fcal science. It seems to have been
known from the earliest times in In-
dia. It existed in China many cen-
turies before Christ. And the erup-
tion on the skin of a mummy of the
Twentieth dynasty, 1200-1100 B. C.
suggests that it was prevalent J
Egypt.
The Crusades were probably large-
ly responsible for bringing the dis-
ease from the East to the West. Thus
in the Fifteenth and subsequent cen-
turies numerous epidemics occurred
with a high mortality.
Since the beginning of the 'I'wen-
tieth century two distinct types ot
smallpox have been simultaneously
present in Great Britain, writes a
physician in the London Mail. ' The
first of these is a mild, highly infec-
tious type, with a mortality of less
than 1 per cent, which originated in
the United States and Canada and
was first introduced into England
about 1903-5.
The second is a much more virulent
type, which originated in northern
Africa and spread thence to Spain,
France, Italy and Great Britain. Al-
though this variety is not so infec
tious, the mortality is greater.
Cheerful and Stardy
Room for Small Boy
A small boy’s room should be above
all things cheery, sturdy—yes, but
homelike and inviting. He does not
appreciate all the dainty fripperies
dear to his sister's heart. The wise
mother plans his room so it is a pleas-
ant place for him to store his treas-
ures and entertain his friends with.
out damage to fragile material and
delicate colors.
“As a beginning, if you are planning
to refurnish your small son's room,
select a warm two-tone tan-stripe pa-
per, dark enough so dirt will not
show, but light enough to give a
cheerful light to the room. For deco-
ration put one of the many bright-col-
ored wall paper friezes at the top—
abeut eighteen inches deep—showing
in its spreading scenic design, ver-
milion and orange, blue and green or
& cream or tan ground.
Monk's cloth draperies in warm
golden brown with an orange stripe,
with gold-colored undercurtains will
be serviceable, surely, and decorative
also. The drapery materia] may be
used as a cover for the metal bed as
fringed along its
length. Bright colors may be added
in vermilion pillows, green and red
copies of old English prints on the
walls and the banners and trophies
Kansas City Times,
- ~~ MiddleAge Philosophy
Scholasticism was the philosophy ot
the schools of the Middle Ages. It
represented an attempt to fuse the
beliefs of the® church with the logic of
Aristotle. The greatest teachers of
the scholastic method were those of
the Thirteenth century, among them
being Albertus Magnus, Roger Bacon,
Duns Scotus, and Thomas Aquinas.
The latter, known as the “Angel of
the Schools,” outlined the whole
scheme of Roman Catholic theology in
his “Summa Theologia.” Though the
latter scholastics busied themselves
with many unprofitable speculations—
such as “How many angles can be
supported on the point of a needle ?’—
the whole movement was valuable in
awakening the mental life of Europe
from the lethargy of the previous cen-
turies, and in preparing the way for
the revival of classical learning known
as the Renaissance.
On Thinking
Thinking is a very dangerous busi-
ness. Particularly if we believe what
we think. It will lead us to do things
which we may later regret. Or it will
lead us not to do them, which we may
regret even more. It makes for investi-
gation and analysis—for dissection
and probing—and it is not long be-
fore we begin to detect flaws in those
very delights that we once believed
to be perfect. We may even go so far
as to discover hopeless errors in our-
selves. Thus, disillusion sets in—dis-
illusion that threads its subtle way
into the contentment of our lives and
spreads with lightning-llke rapidity.
Soon 1t is too late to do anything but
submit. We are lost In a sea of ideas.
Thinking, like love, is a game without
rules. We strongly advise against it.
—Exchange,
Character in Mythology
Phaon depicted in “A Reading From
Homer,” was a deformed boatman of
Mytilene. He was famed for his chiv-
alry. Once an old woman asked him
to ferry her across the sea, although
she could not pay her fare. When
safely across the sea the woman gave
the kind ferryman a box of ointment,
telling him to rub the contents on his
naisshapen shoulders. When he did
80, Phaon was changed to a hand-
some young man. Venus, in the
guise of the old woman, had wrought
the miracle. Soon Phaon and Sap-
pho became lovers.
Origin of “Tabloid”
The word “tabloid” was arbitrarily
coined by Burroughs, Wellcome and
company of London, England, and ap-
plied to a preparation of drugs in a
concentrated and condensed form. Al-
though the term is a copyright trade-
mark of this firm it is now widely used
to designate anything concise or con-
densed, Gs tabloid newspapers.—Ex-
change.
youngster’s heart.—
1
BET HAS REAL
AMERICAN INDIAN
Find Throws Light on
Origin of Natives of
This Continent.
Washington.—In far-away Tibet, 6,
000 miles distant from the nearést
point of the American continent, there
‘exist true American Indian types. This
,eonclusion, which throws much impor-
tant light on the question of the origin
of the American Indian, is one of the
profoundly significant fruits of a re-
markable journey of 50,000 miles, cov-
ering half the globe and occupying
seven months, which Dr. Ales Hrdlicka
made under the joint auspices of the
Smithsonian Institution and the Buf-
falo Soclety of Natural Science last
year, and the first account of which
now appears in the annual exploration
pamphlet of the Smithsonian Instite
tion.
Doctor Hrdlicka, who is curator of
physical anthropology in the United
States National museum and who re-
cently published a description of the
new type of white American, under-
took his journey to survey what has
been and what is being done In the
study of ancient man and of the fossil!
apes in France, in India, in Ceylon,
Java, Australia and ‘South Africa.
Such a world survey of the position of
physical anthropology is perhaps
unique, and it produced results eo’
great significance.
Of the types found in Tibet (and
elsewhere in eastern Asia) Doctor Hrd-
licka says that they are so true to that
of the American Indian that if they
were transplanted into America no-
body could possibly take them for any-
thing but Indian. Men, women and
children resemble the American ab-
origines in behavior, in dress and even
In the intonations of their language.
The importance of the light his dis-
covery throws on the origin of the ns.
tive Americans is obvious.
After a brief stop in France Doctor
-Hrdlicka early In April last year took
ship to India, stopping to examine
some Arab types at Port Said and
Aden. Of the pure-blood Arab, the
‘anthropologist says that he shows a
lively, intelligent white man’s physi-
ognomy (though mostly brown in col-
or), and that the higher class pure
Arab is often as light as the southern
European.
In India Dactor Hrdlicka visited the
Siwalik hills, an area that probably is
the richest source of anthropoid ape
fossils in existence. Within the last
two years five or six new varieties of
such fossil anthropoids have been
found there.
if 0 Migration of ‘NegFite. =
At present one of the most interest
ing problems in anthropology is to ex-
plain the presence of the Negrito in
the Philippines and Andamans. How
did he get to his present homes? His
nearest relatives are apparently the
pyginies of central Africa, but a great
unbridged space has till now sepa-
rated the two. If he extended from
Africa he must have left traces of his
passing in Arabia and India. Such
traces, so far at least as.the Indian
coast lands are concerned, Doctor Hrd-
licka became satisfied do exist, - They
occur in Parganas, northwest of Cal-
cutta, in at least one area along the
eastern coast, here and there among
the Dravidians and in the Malabar
hills. These discoveries bring the
Negrito a long way farther to the
westward and so much nearer Africa,
making his derivation from that con-
tinent so much the more probable.
With regard to the bulk of the pres
ent population of India, Doctor Hrd-
licka believes he can say with confi-
dence that it is mainly composed of
three ethnic elements—the Semitic,
the Mediterranean, and in certain
parts the Hamitic, or North African.
The Aryans show everywhere either
the Semitic or the Mediterranean type.
Doctor Hrdlicka saw nothing that
could be referred to the types of cen-
tral or northern Europe. It would
seem, therefore, that the Aryans came
from Persia and Asla Minor rather
than from or through what is now
Buropean Russia.
Hears of Wild Men.
Passing through Ceylon, where he
reports no definite trace as yet of geo-
logically ancient man, Doctor Hrdlicka
proceeded to Java, touching at Suma-
tra and the Straits Settlements. Of
Sumatra, a country not yet perfectly
known, he says that “there still pre-
vail in the island, among the whites
as well as the natives, beliefs in the
existence of wild men. There are said
to be two varieties. The Orang Pan-
dak (orang—man, pandak—short) is
said to live In the almost impenetrable
mountain forests of the central and
southern parts of the island. The na-
tives describe him as black, short,
long-haired and wild, but not insur-
mountably shy. The second form is
the Orang Sedapak. He is said to
live ig the unhealthy lowlands of the
southern part of Sumatra. He is de-
scribed as having the body of a child
of twelve, with long red hair on head
and body. He is very shy and runs
but does not climb.
In the mountainous regions of the
apper parts of the Malay peninsula,
according to information given to Doc-
tor Hrdlicka, there still live thousands
of negritoid people, and there are
many old caves waiting to be ex
plored.
The visit to Java was made chiefly
0 inspect the site of the Pithecan-
thropus, but Doctor Hrdlicka also de
sired to satisfy himself as to any pos-
sible cultural traces of early man, and
as to the ‘present population. ;
When the actual site of the Pithe
canthropus was reached by Doctor
Hrdlicka, a whole gang of natives ad-
vised by the police were already wait-
ing there, each bringing a little pile of
fossils gathered from the muddy
ledges of the river as they were ex-
posed by the receding water. These
fossils were eagerly examined and a
goed selection was made for the Na-
tional museum, but they Included ne
remains of any primate.
In the eastern portion of Java Doc-
tor Hrdlicka found traces of the pre-
Malay Hindoo population which peo
pled the Island In early historic times.
In the central part of Java these peo-
ple evidently reached a rather high
degree of culture and left imposing
ruins.
Full-blood and otherwise fuM-col-
ored Australians, but with tow hatr,
were one of the phenomena observed
in a boat journey along the western
coast of Australia. Doctor Hrdlicka
also attended some of the impressive
ceremonies of the native Australians
Sheds New Light.
“The data obtained in Australia,”
writes Doctor Hrdlicka, “throw a very
Interesting and to some extent new
light on the moot questions of both the
Australian and Tasmanian aborigines.
According to these observations, the
Australian aborigines deserve truly to
be classed as one of the most funda-
mental and older races of mankind,
and yet it is a race which shows close
connections with our own ancestral
stock—not ‘with the negroes or Mela-
nesians (except through admixture),
but with the old white people of post
glacial times.
As to the Tasmanians, the indica-
tions are that they were but a branch
of the Australians, modified perhaps a
little in their own country. Both peo-
ples have lived and the Australians of
the Northwest live largely to this day,
in a paleclithic stage of stone culture.
They are still making unpolished stone
tools, which in instances resemble the
Mousterian implements or later Euro-
pean paleolithic types. But they are
also capable of a much higher class
of work. Today, about Derby, bottles
are used in making beautifully worker
spear heads.”
From Australia Doctor Hrdlicka’s
journey led to South Africa, and dis-
embarking at Durban, Natal, the first
task was to see as many as possible of
the Zulu, about whose exact blood af-
finities there was some doubt. From
an examination of many individuals
the anthropologist reached the con-
clusion that the Zulu is unquestiona-
bly a true negro, though now and then,
as in other negro tribes, showing a
trace of Semetic (Arab) type due
probably to old admixtures.
The two main objects of the visit to
South Africa were the investigation of
the spot of the important find of the
Rhodésian skull, and of the recent-dis-
iseevery-of the skull of a fossil anthro-
‘poid ape at’ Taungs, which had been
reported as being possibly a direct
link in the line of man’s ascent. The
Rhodesian skull, found in 1921 af
Broken hill, shows a man so primitive
in many of its features that nothing
like it has been seen before. Doctor
Hrdlicka was able to clear up soms
of the moot points in connection with
this important find, and he collecte¢
for study bones of animals from the
cave which gave the Rhodesian skull
as well as two additional mineralized
bones belonging to two individuals
all of which were deposited with the
earlier relics in the British museum.
Land Rich in Material.
The fossil skull of an anthropef
ape, found in Taungs in 1924, belongs
according to Doctor Hrdlicka, to i
species of anthropoid ape of about thg¢
size of a chimpanzee and evidently
related to this form, though there ars
certain differences, especially in the
brain. These differences suggeste(
that this ape may possibly have beer
somewhat superior to the chimpanzee
‘and nearer to the human. But it is
not necessarily a form that stood ir
the direct line of the human phylum
Bootblacks Still Ply
Trade in Chinatow:
San Francisco. — The wandering
bootblack with his small box and
brushes remains an institution in
Chinatown immune to the waves of
modernism transforming the oriental
district.
Every morning these embryo busi
ness men sally forth to ply their trade
and for years the Chinese boys have
regarded the city hall of justice, which
borders Chinatown, as a favored zone.
Even the august presence of Chief of
Police Dan O’Brien is invaded daily.
A pitched battle between bootblacks
of Chinatown and the Italian quarter
at North Beach resulted recently when
the Italian lads decided to enter the
lucrative hall of justice field. The in-
vasion was repelled, but in retaliation
the Italian boys declared a bap against
the orientals in a district to the north.
Since that time peace has prevailed in
both camps.
Steals Own Car
Omaha, Neb.—Weston Wiswall is
going to be careful next time he steals
his own car. He found it parked down-
town, the Mrs. having gone shopping,
and he used it. The Mrs. notified the
police and he was arrested. He could
not identify himself nor find the Mrs.
and he passed two nights in jail.
Born on Trolley
Louisville, Ky.—~When Condugtor J
A. Davidson, in charge of an IteFurpan
car from Ordeal to Loulsville, pulled
his esr to the station here hé found a |
passenger had paid no fare. A. child
had been born to a woman who was
en route to the hospital.
child are doing nicely.
arom
his Bank is prepared not only
for ordinary commercial bank-
ing, but for a trust business of
any description. It can act as
your Trustee, your Executor, or
in any other fiduciary way.
Mie
The First National Bank
BELLEFONTE, PA.
ding for Joy
caused the widow’s heart to sing for joy.”
So said one of old, who had made it
his habit to befriend those in need.
As Executor and Trustee of many estates
—we have brought comfort to many a
widow,
Consult us Freely about Your
Trust Agreement
THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK
STATE COLLEGE, PA.
A
MEMBER FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM
AN NE a A a Sa sa a 10)
Mother and
Early
Summer
Apparel
ns
A collection
of Coats, Suits and
Dresses— plenty of
choice at economi-
cal prices. A few
of the many specials
we are making for
this month follow :
11 Linen Fur Dresses, 36in. wide, all colors, light and
dark—only 39 cents. Tub Silk in Awning and Pin
Stripes, 32in. wide—only $1.50. Silk Faulards in
Polka Dots and Plaids—only $2.00. Rayon Silks
in Stripes, Plaids and Figures, from 75c. up. Peter Pan Prints
(absolttely fast colors)—only 59c. Figured Soisette, all colors.
Silk Scarfs
ee our Window Display of All-Silk Scarfs—all
colors, handsome Fringed Ends. Among
them are some made of the Mallison Silks
and Georgettes. Values up to $8.00—our price $2.98.
Seeing is Believing.....We Invite Inspection
Lyon& Company