Mexico Opens Campaign to Stop Pop-
py Growing.
The State of Sonora has launched
a campaign to suppress the growth
of the opium poppy, which has be-
come widespread. This is one of the
few States in which there is a large
Chinese colonization. Investigation
proved that every little colony, most
of them in remote agricultural sec-
tion, had a poppy patch.
Not only was opium produced for
domestic consumption, but in such
quantities as to be sold all over
the republic and smuggled into the
States. Mexicans are cc-operating
and destroying every field located.
fry gry he
—Subscribe for the “Watchman.”
STEREO.
Highest Quality U, pholstery
TUDEBAKER uses the finest grade
of wool upholstery. Compare the
depth of Studebaker cushions and seat
backs with cars costing $1000 more.
Inspect the interior workmanship. There
are no cloth-head upholstery tacks, raw
edges or cheap binding braid in Stude-
baker interiors — ¢
‘hand-tailored” for
beautiful appearance.
and, in addition:
Finer Body Construction
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Costly Alloy Steels
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Completely Machined Crankshaft
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Durable Finish
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Pressed Steel Instrument Board
(Wood Backed)
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Most Powerful Car of Its Size and Weight
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Oil Filter, Gasoline Strainer and Air Cleanes
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Full Equipment at One-Profit Price
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a long, sound sleep and an appetizing breakfast in the morning,
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Fare $5.50
UNCLE SAM AS
WOMAN'S BOSS
Not Recognized Before Civil
War as Government
Employees.
Washington.—A woman was recent:
ly elected mayor of Seattle. Another
announced her intention of accepting
the candidacy to succeed her husband
as governor. The mandate committee
of the League of Nations included a
woman delegate. In Washington, D.
C.,, a woman is in general charge of ap-
plying the law to bootleggers.
Yet only little more than 50 years
ago a woman, to procure employment
from the government, had to conceal
her sex. She had to apply for her
work, the copying of land warrants
for the general land office, in the
name of a male relative. It was done
at home and she received $1,200 a
year, the salary received by men for
that service.
In 1862 a woman was allowed a
clerk’s desk in the Treasury depart-
ment—to substitute for a man. She
was accorded the privilege of replac-
ing her husband, who had fallen ill, in
order that the family might be sup-
ported. She did her husband's work
and received his salary—not because
she was as competent as he, but be-
cause she registered as a man.
To the Treasury department also
belongs the distinction of first em-
ploying women in their own right.
Gen. Francis Elias Spinner, appointed
United States treasurer by President
Lincoln, conceived the idea as a means
of saving the government money in
i those expensive war times.
“A woman can use scissors better
than a man,” he told Salmon P. Chase,
secretary of the treasury, “and she
will do it cheaper. I want to employ
women to cut the treasury notes.”
Women Flocked In.
Following the consent of the treas
ury chief, scores of needy women,
whom the war had left bereft of sup-
porters, flocked to General Spinner’s
little room in the nation’s bank. Here
he slept, to be within call in case of
trouble. Here every woman was sure
of a hearing.
She did not receive an official ap-
pointment nor had she any official
existence. She was merely handed a
pair of scissors and paid $600 a year
out of the fund provided by congress
for temporary clerks. Cutting treas-
ury notes into quarters was considered
“light work,” but, as each note trim-
mer discovered, a few hours of ft
wearied the shoulders and blistered
the fingers.
Appreciating this opportunity to
support themselves, however, more
and more women beset the general for
jobs. Believing that the nimbleness of
their fingers and their patience would
be assets in the manipulation of frac-
tional currency, he opened this field
! to them and also the detection of
counterfeits.
The results pleased him. Speaking
of women as counterfeit detectors, he
said: “A man will examine a note
systematically and deduce logically
from the imperfect engraving, blurred
vignette or indistinct signature that
it is counterfeit—and be wrong four
cases out of ten. A woman picks up
a note, looks at it in a desultory fash-
ion of her own and says, ‘That’s coun-
terfeit’ ‘Why? ‘Because it is,’ she
answers promptly—and is right eleven
cases out of twelve.”
Many Criticisms Heard.
Notwithstanding the satisfaction oti
the employer, criticisms were received
from indignant persons all over the
country, individuals shocked by the
radical action of the treasurer. Even
at home he encountered opposition.
Hugh McCulloch, successor to Secre-
tary Chase, scorned the presence of
a tea pot on each window ledge.
“There are too many tea pots in the
treasury of the nation,” he com-
plained—after which remark the inno-
cent kettle became the universal em-
blem of woman’s unfitness for govern-
ment service.
“Nobody ever heard that the costly
cigars and tobacco which filled the
man clerk's ‘nooning,’ to the exhilara-
tion of body and soul, was a like sign
of his inability to perform prolonged
service without the aid of stimulants,”
said Mary Clemmer Ames in her book,
“en Years in. Washington,” “but the
tea pots were ridiculed out and ceased
to distill the gentle beverage for the
woman worker at her noonday lunch.”
Congressmen, necessarily concerned
with increasing their constituency,
vented their eloquence in the depreca-
tion of women workers, so that the
males might be favored. Arguing that
a woman was not a clerk but an em-
ployee, they decreed she could never,
regardless of her services, earn more
than $900 a year. On the other hand,
no man, were he only a messenger ex-
ecuting the instructions of a woman,
could receive less than $1,200.
Defenseless, women dared not com-
plain. As ene worthy official tol@
them, they “were only here by suffer-
ance and could all be turned out to-
morrow.”
A few appealed to the secretary ot
the treasury, but his retort that “$400
is enough for any woman to receive
for her work” soon silenced them.
In the Department of the Interior the
secretary constantly demoted women
workers to make place for the men.
Ball Continued to Roll.
Even the women’s friend in con-
gress, Representative H, L. Dawes of
Massachusetts, opposed all projects to
raise their pay because, by making
their humble positions desirable to
men, they would be compelled. to leave
the government service altogether.
Despite antagonism, their
friend, General Spinner, remained
their ally.
“The experiment of employing fe-
males as clerks,” he wrote in his re-
port of 1868, “has been, so far as this
office is concerned, a complete success.
The truth is that many of the female
clerks now do as much work, if not
more, and do it as well, if not better,
for $900 per annum, than some of the
male clerks are able to do who re-
celve a yearly salary of twice that
amount,
“The female clerks, with but few ex-
ceptions, are subject to greater risks
of loss by reason of miscounts or by
passing counterfeits, for which each
one is pecuniarily liable and respon-
sible, than nine-tenths of the male
clerks, whose principal occupations are
books and accounts. Right and fair
dealing, therefore, demand that thelr
pay should be assimilated more nearly
than it now is to that of the other
sex for like services and respons!
bilities.”
A generation later, when the wom-
an’s movement was progressing, Gen-
eral Spinner wrote: “The fact that I
was Instrumental in introducing wom-
en to employment in the offices of the
government gives me more real satis-
faction than all the other deeds of
my life.”
General Spinner had started a fertile
movement indecd. Today there are
7,993 women in the storehouse of the
nation’s billions, 500 more than the
male number. From the harsh em-
ployer of a handful of unrecognized
women, Uncle Sam has developed, in
little more than half a century, into
the bountiful boss of 79,575 women,
and the chief of a woman’s public serv-
ice that includes two governors, three
congresswomen, an assistant attorney
general, a state Supreme court judge,
many minor judges, three state sec-
retaries, about 150 state legislators,
two diplomats and two state superin-
tendents of public instruction.—New
York Times.
Sebo ebefefefededfedededmmielete te
Washington Calls Him
Youngest Major in Army
etree
pad
This snappy salute is being given
by “Maj.” James Henry Adams, Jr.
Fully equipped as a major in the air
service, from the proper glint on his
wings to the proper shine on his long
boots, he is known in Washington as
“the youngest major in the army.” He
fs the son of Maj. Henry Adams,
United States air service.
Sail to Hunt Pygmy
Tribes With Airplane
Batavia, Java,— The expedition
neaded by Prof. Matthew W. Stirling
of Berkeley, Cal, sailed recently on
the government steamer -Fomalhout
for Sourabaya to explore the unknown
interior of Dutch New Guinea.
“All the members of the expedition
are in good health and ready for
hardships,” said Professor Stirling just
before the steamer cast off. “I have
the utmost confidence in our plane’s.
motor to fly and keep flying over the
jungles and mountains.
“If pygmy tribes are in New Guinea
we will find them,” declared Stanley
A, Hedberg, historian of the expedi-
tion. “Pilot Hoyt, Mechanic Hamer
and Reserve Pilot and Photographer
Peck are sure our plane will not fail
us and will do all we expect.”
The Dutch members of the party,
Dr. Van Lemwen, biologist, and Le-
roux, cartographer, also expressed
confidence. They were most enthusi-
astic and declared that the expedition
would not come back before it found
pygmies.
Thickest Bed of Coal
From 60 to 100 Feet
‘Washington.—The thickest bed of
coal in the United States, according to
the United States geological survey, is
a bed of sub-bituminous coal near Gil-
lette, Wyo., which ranges in thickness
from 60 to 100 feet of solid coal. Such
phenomenally thick beds of coal are
generally of limited areal extent, so
that other even thicker beds, it is
stated, may lle concealed in areas
not yet prospected.
Tip to Flappers
dgham, England.—Miss Selina Fur-
nival, who is one hundred years old,
attributes the lack of wrinkles in her
face to abstention from cosmetics.
She looks like her mother, “the belle
of Bath,” one of the famous beauties
of her time. : :
first {
Highway Guide
convenient form.
fast going out.
We have for distribution Rand,
McNally Official Highway Guides, in
Call soon for a copy, as they are
The First National Bank
BELLEFONTE,
PA.
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emocracy distinguishes itself by
the desire for wealth.”
You live in a democracy and
you should desire to grow rich.
This Bank stands ready to aid you in
the attainment of this praise-worthy object.
Open an account with us today.
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Lyon & Company
Summer Wants
we
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Wo eather stuffs—Peter Pan Prints (guaranteed fast
colors), Soisettes, Polka-Dotted Voiles (large, me-
dium and small dots), Printed Pongees, Figured
Crepes, All Silk Crepe de Chiene (in variegated
stripes, flowered, and all the new plain shades),
Rayons in plain colors, stripes, checks and figured.
Silk Dresses
Rayon Dresses
Summer Coats
light and dark colors.
Prices the lowest.
Rugs
for the economical buyer.
Our line of Rugs is all new.
and beautiful colors combined.
White Oxfords
Still a good assortment
of these wonderfully
cheap All Silk Dresses.
All sizes, all colors,
and stylish stout models.
We can fit the small woman
regular size and stouts, in
Children’s Coats from 2 years up fc 14.
Choice designs
Prices are right
See our table of White
Oxfords in Ladies and
Misses. - The prices are less than wholesale.
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