we
EE A es
Bellefonte, Pa., April 16, 1926.
WE ARE ALL MORE
OR LESS RUBBER.
Stretching human and plant cells
to determine their elasticity is no
longer a stretch of imagination.
And it is under the microscope,
working with glass needles with mi-
croscopically fine points, that Dr. Wil-
liam Seifriz, professor of botany at
the University of Pennsylvania, is
appraising how much “rubber” there
is in man’s make-up just as the en-
gineers have tested the coefficient of
the elasticity of steel and other
structural materials.
So far, among other results, Dr.
Seifriz has determined that the blood
cell, or corpuscle, of the frog can be
stretched to ten times its size. The
human blood cell, however, is more
stubborn. It stretches to only three
times its, original size before it
breaks.
The extremely delicate nature of
the experiment is apparent when he
tells that the human blood corpuscle
has a diameter one-two-hundred thou-
sandths of an inch. The stretching,
too, is accomplished by hand-made
glass needles manufactured by him-
self.
DISTANCE IS WIDENED.
Glass threads are held over a small
flame and suddenly snapped. These
are then inserted in two holders on
each side of the microscope. Then, as
he peers through the lens of the in-
strument, they are gradually screw-
ed toward the lone cell held in a
minute drop of water hanging from
a cover of glass under the instru-
ment.
The needle points catch. They are
screwed up to pierce the membrane.
Then, with almost painful slowness,
the distance between the needle points
is widened, the distance being meas-
ured on a fine scale.
“We don’t know yet just what the
full value of this study will be,” said
Dr. Seifriz. “Science knows now that
many diseases are due to leaky mem-
branes losing salts necessary for
proper functioning.
MEMBRANE IS WATERTIGHT.
“A membrane of high elasticity is
fairly watertight; conversely, a mem-
brane of low elasticity is leaky.
Leaky membranes in humans mean all
sorts of trouble. They are porous
and lose their necessary constituents.
“The human protoplasms—cells—
are not as elastic as rubber. They
are like bread dough in more ways
than one. They have the same sticky
consistency and many of the same
characteristics. Muscle and nerve
fibers are being subjected to the same
scrutiny by scientists. Nerve fibers
have been found to be highly elastic—
considerably more so than muscle
fibers.
“It may be that a great deal may
be learned of cancer. caused through
such experiments. There are scien-
tists who are working on_ the cells
with this end in view.’
Wasp Takes High Rank as a Builder
of Nests.
Wasps are the master architects of
the jungle. Masons, tailors, carpen-
ters, decorators, paper manufacturers
and builders of skyscrapers—all of
these trades and many more are open
secrets among the wasps.
There appears to be almost an aes-
thetic sense among some species,
writes Paul Griswold Holmes of the
Bruce museum at Greenwich, in Na-
ture Magazine. I have found the ex-
quisite homes of the Nectarina wasps
so beautifully decorated in color that
I could scarcely believe my eyes.
These little wasps are found in colo-
nies. They are rather timid and sel-
dom sting. One may disturb their
nests with impunity. The nests are of
paper, constructed by macerating
wood pulp into paper ribbon. The
color of this basic material in the case
of the species in question is coppery
brown. When the nest is almost fin-
ished it is beautifully. decorated . by
the addition of stripes and bands of
pure white. These are laid on in in-
teresting designs.
The bottom of the nest is pure
white as a rule, but in one memorable
case all the white portions were
washed with the most delicate shades
of pink and green.
Within the nests are tiers of hexag-
onal cells of paper, wherein the young
wasps are reared, after the fashion
of other paper wasps.
The walls of nests are often as thin
as tissue paper, and it is surprising
how they withstand the tropical
downpours.—Exchange.
Antarctic Land Part of America’s
Domain.
The United States has an Antare-
tic domain as great as the holdings
in the Arctic region of Alaska. In-
deed, if we were to deem it advisable
we could register a sound title to a
vast area near the South Pole dis-
covered by Commander Charles
Wilkes, of the United States navy in
1840. This region, known as Wilkes
Land, has an area equal to almost
half that of continental United States.
The national congress was so im-
pressed and elated by reason of this
discovery that it authorized the pub-
lication, in 22 volumes, of the expedi-
tion’s complete report, with all charts
and surveys. But although so many
years have intervened since Wilkes
discovered the territory which now
bears his name on all the standard
. charts, no effort has been made firm-
ly to nail down the heritage. So far
as we have been able to learn, no
| American flag has ever been hoisted
there. Certainly we know that no
colony ever has been established in
that dreary domain, mor has any
. hardy exploring party followed in
Wilkes’ footsteps to make a detailed
, examination of this snowy region and
jy its possible opportunities.—Fort
1 Wayne News-Sentinel.
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Horrible Methods of
Treating the Insan:
Until within the last century insan¢
persons were treated with terrible
cruelty in nearly all “civilized” coun
tries, and as late as 1770 lunatics were
exhibited at public fairs in England
and as late as 1815 there were ex
posures of terrible cruelties in th
Bethlehem hospital in England, an¢
this led to gradual improvements anc
the introduction of enlightened an¢
scientific methods in the care of the
mentally afflicted.
One gf the mildest of the old forms
of treatment of mad people, and long
in vogue at Strathfillan, in Perthshire
Scotland, was connected with the ob
servance of the festival of St. Fillan
a Scottish saint.
Insane people were dipped in the
“holy pool,” where St. Fillan ha¢
bathed in the Seventh century. Man)
quaint ceremonies were connectes
with this “ducking.” After the im
mersion the lunatics were herded te
St. Fillan’s chapel, and strapped t-
the floor, to be left ali night.
Those who managed to free thel
bonds and escape were considerec
cured. Experience did not bear ou
this pious belief, however, and the
custom gradually declined.
Old French Chateaux
of Historic Interesi
To say these French names over
rapidly: suggests college. days: and the
struggle with declensions, but Guyon,
Gallion and Gaillard are not in any
grammar, they are three interesting
Normandy chateaux, whose ruins ge
back to the days of waving plumes
shining armor and prancing steeds
If you can ignore for a moment the
scratchings of tourists on the old
walls and the waste paper of kodak
cartons they have left behind them, it
is not hard to people, in fancy. the
Twelfth .century life that went on
here, when Richard the Lion Hearted
invaded the land.
The view from the tower at Guyon
should not be missed and reminds one
of the panorama from the Eiffel tower.
Gaillard, which in King Richard's day
was “the key to all Normandy,” will
also give to those who scramble up
the precipitous ruins, a wonderful out-
look. At Gaillon, the American will
remember that it not only once
housed Philippe-Auguste, Louis XII,
the Medicis and Napoleon, but als~
Benjamin Franklin,
Age Limit Foolish
Though genius is always born and
the highest kind shows itself at an
early age, success is made, generally
with much toil, and is not always ac-
companied by wealth. For that it
must . be combined - with practical
prudence, as .it was in the cases or g
Michelangelo, Rubens, Reynolds, Ti-
tian, and Shakespeare, who were al
-rich-and-happy. — a=
Age limits to success, indeed, can
be laid down broadly only by the
foolish. “Too old at forty!” Sir Wil-
liam Herschel was forty-three before
he made his first discovery in astrono.
my. We did not hear of Kitchener till
he was forty-six, and Howard, the
philanthropist, was still older when
he emerged from obscurity.—Londop
Tit-Bits.
Oh, Romeo!
He was a very shy young man, anc
although Ermyntrude had presented
him with innumerable opportunities
for declaring his love in practical fash.
fon, he could never summon up suf
ficient courage to take advantage of |
them. ‘
They were sitting as usual one eve
ning—she on the sofa, he on a chair,
with the usual half-hour intervals be. |.
tween remarks, when the climax was
reached.
“Isn’t it funny,” she said, “that thy
tength of a man’s arm is the same as |
‘the circumference of a girl's waist?"
“Is that so?” said he, mildly inter
ested. “What do you say if we gel
8 plece of string and see if it's right?”
English Common Law
fhe name “common law” is given t\
the unwrittnn law—lex non scripta—of
England, in contradistinction to the
written or statute law. It consists of
a collection of maxims of British, Dan-
ish and Saxon extraction, to which cus
tom and judicial decisions have given
the force of law; and derives its
origin, it is said, from King Alfred’s
code of laws, promulgated in 890 A. D.,
and afterwards lost. Statute law pre
valls over common law. The common
law of the United States is based on
that of England.—Exchange.
Live on Camels
The Twareg, found over a large ares
«A northern Africa, are nomads wha
live principally by means of, and on,
camels. Tuareg women are as free
as women in Britain. They go about
unveiled, while the men are always
veiled. The women choose their own
husbands, and teach the children tq
read and write. They can own prop.
erty, even after marriage, and thei:
husbands have no control over it
Caste and authority are inherited
through the mothers.
Paper Blockades
When a country declares a blockad
which it cannot enforce it is called g
paper blockade, because it exists only
on paper. Perhaps the most famous
paper blockade in history was that de.
clared by Napoleon in 1807. The
French emperor declared a blockade
against the British although he was
not able to send a single war vessel
to sea to support the blockade.,~Path-
finder Magazine,
Judge Porter Outlines His Platform
for Governor.
In line with our promise to give
Pennsylvania Democrats information
concerning the various aspirants for
places on our State ticket we herewith
publish of Judge Porter’s speech
in opening his campaign for nomina-
tion for Governor.
Inasmuch as it was delivered to the
people of Lawrence, his home county,
to people who know him best it is
certain that he wouldn’t say anthing
that he felt he couldn’t stand square-
ly ‘back of. Therefore the following
ought to reveal to the careful reader
just what might be expected of Judge
Porter were he nominated and elect-
ed: Governor of Pennsylvania.
“It is not a matter of choice
whether we will live under govern-
ment. So long as men are inclined
to do what they know ought not to
be done, or continue not to do what
they know ought to be done, govern- |:
ment of some sort we must have. As
men advance in civilization they de-
mand, and are entitled to have, gov-
ernment of better sort.
“The Constitution of Pennsylvania |
declares that the ‘supreme executive
power shall be vested in the Gover- |’
nor, who shall take care that the laws
be faithfully executed.’ It is my pur-
pose, if elected, to observe this man-
date from the people, not alone be-
cause it is so written but because I
believe laws should be enforced. Gov-
ernment is in danger when men do
not want law enforced.
“A free people engaged in govern-
ing themselves seldom differ in re-
spect ‘to principles involved. All good
citizens want good government, re-
gardless of party affiliation. They
frequently differ in respect to the
method of process of carrying such
accepted principles into effect. Being
free they are at liberty to make mis-
takes, but the mistakes are their
own, and they are at liberty to cor-
rect them.
“I think we made a mistake in
eliminating the State convention from
our election laws. I favor such modi-
fication of the Uniform Primaries
Act as will permit the voters of a
political party to choose delegates, in
the several counties of the Common-
wealth, to a State convention and
such delegates to meet in convention,
adopt declarations on State issues be-
fore the people and select candidates
on such issues for State officers, in
manner similar to procedure in na-
tional conventions.
“Men and women exercise their
right of self-government at election. | ff
By their ballot, on Election Day, they
declare their will in respect to the
affairs of the Commonwealth. To
lefeat that will or prevent its hon--
est expression is a sinister type of ||
Laws should be enacted of |
treason.
such character as to prevent the cor-
ruption of elections, in ballot, count
and return, or at least render cer-
tain the apprehension and punishment
of every person guilty of election |
frauds. i
“If elected, I shall recommend, as
soon as an economical administration
| of State affairs will permit, that the |.
Direct Inheritance Tax Law be re-
pealed or so amended that a small
property accumulated by the indus-
try and frugality of a family will
pass, upon the death of the father or
mother, to the surviving parent and
children without charge or deduction
by the State. The annual compensa-
tion paid to unnecessary employes of:
the various State Departments would,
if eliminated, justify such legislation
at once.
“ I shall ‘also recomriend, if elected,
such legislation as will secure to the
people a prompt administration of
justice by the courts of the State.”
Sick Anyway.
He—What do you say to a honey-
moon in Europe?
She—But, dearest, you know how
afraid I am of seasickness.
“Yes, but you ought to know that I
love is the best remedy for that.”
“Perhaps—but think of the return 5
trip!”—Film Fun.
—Subscribe for the “Watchman.”
A.
drop of
GuLFolL is
“wear insurance”
Wherever it penetrates
=—door hinges, locks, washing
machines, sewing machines,
vacuum cleaners, typewriters,
electric fans, motors—in fact, every-
thing that requires a high grade oil.
It notonly lubricates butalso cleans
and polishes woodwork, furniture
and floors, as well as it removes
and prevents rust and tarnish on
metal surfaces, such as tools,
and cutlery. Sold at all
enterprising stores.
CHICHESTER S PILS
1 «
OR Soaceer d bios
bo:
—
H&K ake mo other. f your
at. k fof
BRS oi ten
° known as Best, Safest, Always Reliable
7 SOLD BY DRUGGISTS EVERYWHERE
Have You a Garden?
1 J Bhen you need one of the little books
we are giving away, called ‘Make
the Garden Pay,” an attractive and val-
uable aid to gardening.
rt)
lees
The First National Bank
BELLEFONTE,
PA.
Leave Buffalo— 9:00 P. M.
Arrive Cleveland *7:00 A. M.
*Steamer “CI
Automobile Rate—$7.50.
Send for free sectional le chart
the Great Ship “SEEANDBEE" and
32-page booklet,
The Cleveland and Buffalo
Transit Co.
Cleveland, Ohio f
Your Rail Ticket is
Good on our Steamers
A restful night on Lake Erie
on one of the Great Ships of the C & B Line makes a pleasant
break in your journey. A good bed in a clean, cool stateroom,
a long, sound sleep and an appetizing breakfast in the morning,
St ers “SEEANDBEE”--“CITY OF ERIE”—“CITY OF BUFFALO”
- Daily May Ist to November 15th o
Eastern
Standard Time
OF BUFFALO?” arrives 7:30 A. M.
Connections for Cedar Point, Put-in-Bay, Toledo, Detroit and other points.
Ask your ticket agent or tourist agency for tickets via C & B Line. New Tourist
Leave Cleveland—9:00 P. M.
Arrive Buffalo— *7:00 A. M.
Four
C & B Steamers
in Daily Service
are $5.50
nN
For all the
World to See
proach.
hen you walk forth in one of the
new Griffon productions, you’ll
walk with the pride of a man
who knows his attire is beyond re-
Have you been in to see
the new Griffon Clothes yet ?
$25.00 to $35.00
A. Fauble
Coats and Suits
{ Lyon & Company
April Reductions
Will Make Easy Buying
Charming Styles in wide variety, radiant in their new-
ness; stunning new Coats; Tailored Straight-Line Coats,
Sport Coats and Dress Coats in Tweeds, Fine Twill and Porietsheen.
Colors
brilliant live shades, much navy and black. Tweed Suits in all colorings.
Beautiful Dresses
All the brighter, lighter colors—Tan, Nude, Sandal,
Palmetto, Powder Blue, Cocoa, also Navy and Black—
displayed in the new flares and straight lines.
SILK {HOSIERY—The famous Silver Star Brand Hosiery in all the new
Spring shades.
prices.
Lyon & Company
GLOVES—Silk Gloves in the new Grays and Tans, with the new Cuffs and
pretty colored stitching.
NEW SILK SCARFS—In plain colors, two-toned, and Figured Geor-
gettes and Crepe de Chenes.
Rugs and Floor Coverings
and Brussels. Hall Runners and smaller Rugs to match. Fibre and Wool Rugs
9x12, specially priced $15.00. Linoleum and Oil Cloths at greatly reduced
Our Rugs are all new designs in a combina-
tion of beautiful colorings, 9x12 Axminster