Bemooralic Walch
Bellefonte, Pa., July 24, 1925.
WHAT DO SCIENTIFIC MEN
SAY ABOUT TOBACCO?
One of the lively organizations in
the United States is “The Life Exten-
sion Institute.” It is devoted to the
task, evidently, of extending the
length of human life; in other words,
it is helping folks to live longer. A
strange sort of a purpose for folks to
band themselves together for, but still
it exists, and is doing a fine work. Ex-
President William H. Taft was at one
time chairman of its board of direc-
tors—and may be yet for all I know—
so it must be a worth-while affair.
The institute has set up what it
calls the Hygiene Reference Board as
a department for the specific purpose
of finding out the scientific facts as
to all matters of personal hygiene, in-
cluding this important matter—the
effect upon a person’s health of his
personal habits. The chairmaan of
this Hygiene Reference Board is Pro-
fessor Irving Fisher, and it has as
members two such famous men as Dr.
W. J. Mayo, the famous surgeon of
Rochester, Minnesota; and Dr. Har-
vey W. Wiley, the well-known expert
on pure foods. There are also about
ninety other experts in the science of
hiygiene who serve this board.
Professor Fisher, chairman of the
board says: “We already knéw
enough of the serious evils of exces-
sive smoking and the probable evils of
moderate smoking to condemn smok-
ing from a hygienic standpoint. A
man who values his health, strength,
and efficiency, whether for his own
sake or for the sake of his usefulness
to others, is making a mistake, and
one which he is likely some day to re-
gret, in acquiring, or continuing the
habit of smoking.”
Dr. Mayo himself has expressed the
deliberate opinion, as a result of his ex-
perience, that his research scholars,
that is, those who devote their time to
searching for new truth, do not do
well if they smoke cigarettes. And
Dr. Mayo is so well known as a high-
grade scientific surgeon, that one can-
not think for an instant ‘hat his opin-
ion is in any degree the result of prej-
udice.
Professor Bruce Fink, of Miami
University, who has studied the liter-
ature on tobacco says: “In running
through a large amount of literature
from various sources of special study
not a single article has been found
written in the last twenty-five years
that does not condemn tobacco to a
greater or less degree.”
Recently there appeared a very sig-
nificant book on this subject entitled,
“Tobacco and Mental Efficiency,” by
Professor O'Shea, of the University of
Wisconsin. It is published under the
name of the Committee to Study the
Tobacco Problem. This committee is
a group of between fifty-five and sixty
prominent men who have organized
this committee and put their money
and time into it, not because they
want to prove that tobacco is harm-
ful or that it is a great benefit, but
because they want to find out the facts
about the matter, whatever the facts
may be. They had discovered that a
great many people were speaking and
writing about the tobacco problem
without knowing very much about the
scientific facts in the matter, so they
oragnized for the purpose of finding
out the facts as far as it is possible to
do so. The membership of this com-
mittee contains some of the most dis-
tinguished scientists in the country
and some from Europe.
They do not endorse, of course, all
that is in Professor O’Shea’s book be-
cause he wrote it as a result of his
own investigations and the conclusions
in the book are his own. But it is sig-
nificant that these outstanding men of
science are interested in this matter.
Professor Fisher, who has already
been quoted here, is one of them and
in the list are many men who, as a re-
sult of their own study on the subject,
have concluded that tobacco is not
good for adults if used in excess and
is certainly an injury to those whose
growth is incomplete.
Professor O'Shea made a special
collection “of the opinions of distin-
guished men in all walks of life and it
is important to notice that while the
opinions of these men naturally differ
as to the effects of tobacco upon ma-
ture people, all who express their
opinions as to the effect upon boys
and girls and young people agree that
the effect is always bad.
Professor Lombard, of the Univer-
sity of Michigan, has come to the con-
clusion that the use of tobacco lessens
the power of the voluntary muscles,
that we call into action by an effort of
our will, and that the cause of this is
the fact that tobacco has a depressing
effect on the central nervous system.
I rofessor Fisher says that numerous
experiments show that tobacco pro-
duces arterial changes in animals.
Clinical observations by some of the
world’s best authorities indicate that
the same conditions are brought about
in man by heavy smoking. The Phipps
Institute, of Philadelphia, reported in
1912 as regards to its patients, that.
in 1908, among smokers the mortality
was 17.6 per cent. of total number
treated, among non-smokers, 6.6 per
cent.; and that in 1909 the correspond-
ing figures were 14.3 per cent. and 3.3
per cent. respectively. A recent study
by Dr. H. Burr on longevity in rela-
tion to sex, maintains that the tobac-
co habit is “one of the very signifi-
cant reasons why fewer men than
women attain old age.”
Dr. Huber states: “That use cf to-
bacco has been observed to induce a
diminution of the therapeutic effects
of medicines, and to retard the heal-
ing of wounds. Unquestionably to-
bacco predisposes to pulmonary tuber-
culosis, and when diseases of respira-
tion have developed, the tobacco hab-
it certainly aggravates them.”
Doctor Fisk, a well-know authority,
in a book written jointly by himself
and Professor Fisher, entitled, “How
to Live,” says: “Bush, in a series of
tests on each of fifteen men in several
different psychic fields found the fol-
lowing conditions among smoking stu-
dents immediately after the period of
smoking was completed:
“1. A 10% per cent. decrease in
mental efficiency.”
“2, The greatest actual loss was
in the field of imagery, 22 per cent.”
“3, The three greatest losses were
in the fields of imagery, perception,
and association.”
“4, The greatest loss, in these ex-
periments, occurred with cigarettes.”
In the face of the testimony of these
scientific men it looks as if there were
really something to say about the ef-
fect of smoking on human life.—Ex.
PRECIOUS METALS
—IN GREAT BATTLE.
News of a platinum rush in Trans-
vaal, South Africa, is virtually a war
bulletin from the front in a great bat-
tle between two metals for world su-
premacy.
“Gold, the undisputed monarch of
metals since civilization began, faces
the challenge of platinum in a part of
its domain,” says a bulletin of the Na-
tional Geographic society from its
headquarters in Washington.
“But platinum has not won the war
of precious metals—not by a great
margin. Except in the Orient, the
world’s monetary system is still a loy-
al thrall to its liege lord, gold. Twice
platinum has failed in the attempt to
lure gold’s staunchest defender to de-
sert. As early as 1828 czarist Russia
tried platinum coinage only to give it
up in 1845. Soviet Russia annouhced
that platinum, the pretender, wouid
back its currency, but recently ‘the
Boyes has returned to the gold stand-
ard.
“Each contender in the battle of
metals is versatile, and is outstanding
in those qualities of character for
which metals are admired. Not the
least of their trials of strength have
been held in arenas of modern chem-
ical laboratories. Gold proudly main-
tains it can spread itself out more
than any other metal. An ounce of
gold beaten into gold leaf will cover
189 square feet. Platinum counters
with the challange that it can stretch
farther than any other known metal.
A cubic inch of platinum drawn into
a wire, practically invisible to the hu-
man eye, would make a strand of wire
50,000 miles leng. In other words,
one cubic inch of platinum can be
stretched out to encircle the earth at
the equator twice!
“Both platinum and gold resist cor-
rosion in ordinary atmosphere. Both
are malleable, but here gold has the
advantage. Both are heavy metals,
but platinum weighs in slightly
heavier. Platinum was once thought
to be the only substance which could
not be dissolved. Later investigations
prove that aqua regia, nitric and hy-
drochloric acid, can conquer it, but its
resistance entitles it to an important
place in scientific and laboratory
work. Gold melts at 1945 degrees
Fahrenheit, platinum at 3191 degrees.
“Platinum is an important catalyz-
er, that is,
This property alone probably served
to proiong the world war two or three
years more than it would have lasted.
As a catalyzer, platinum helps make
nitrates out of nitrogen in the air.
Germany was cut off from Chilean ni-
trates during the war, and if it had
not been for the supply she secured
through the offices of electricity and
platinum, she would have run out of
explosives long before 1918.
“If Lydenberg in the Transvaal
proves a good field, platinum will find
quick use for it to fill in a big gap in
her lines, for the original major
source of the precious metal is run-
ning out. Before 1914, more than 90
per cent. of the world’s platinum came
out of Russian mines near Ekaterin-
burg, in the Ural mountains. But the
best gravels there have been worked
and now the world looks to Colombia
in South America. Other deposits are
known, some even in the United
States, but the amounts are slim any
place. Platinum, like most natural re-
sources, is no respecter of man-made
border lines and is apparently not
even particular about the continent
where it takes up lodging.
“Neither platinum nor gold is the
most precious metal, in the estimation
of the world. That honr is reserved
for radium which has been recently
reduced in price to $70,000 per gram,
a price equivalent to $2,000,000 per
ounce. Iridium, a companion of plat-
inum, is the second most expensive
metal in general use. It is selling for
$375 per ounce, and the demand for it
is very active because it is needed for
platinum jewelry. Platinum is sell-
ing for $117 per ounce.”
Redeeming Mutilated Money.
One of the kindest functions of our
government is the redeeming of mon-
ey which has been mutilated. The
money may have been partly consum-
ed by fire, or gnawed by mice or rats
when put away in some nook of the
house for safe keeping. Rolls of bills
have been torn into shreds by ma-
chinery, have even been run over by a
railroad train. Many pathetic stories
are connected with mutilated money,
and were it not for a special depart-
ment of our Treasury which redeems
the money, the owners would face cer-
tain loss. The government must pro-
tect itself against fraud, but it does
its best to make good a less of this
sort.
It is estimated that three hundred
thousand dollars are redeemed by the
Treasury annually.
When a mutilated bill is sent into
the Treasury ior redemption, the
pieces are mounted on paper. A piece
of isinglass exactly the size of the bill
is divided into forty squares and this
is placed over the remaining parts. 1f
the remnants fill twenty-four of the
squares, or three-fifths of the note,
the Treasury redeems it at face value.
If more than sixteen and not twenty-
four squares are filled, one-half of the
value of the money is returned. Any
part of a bill that covers less than
two-fifths of the squares is not re-
deemable unless proof can be furnish-
ed that the other three-fifths of the
bill were destroyed.—Ex.
. Mandy—“Say, Boy, ah had de wust
dream las’ night.”
Bow—“Wot about?”
Mandy—*“Ah dreamed ah had died.”
Boy—“Wot waked yo’ up?”
Mandy—*“De heat, of co’se.”
a chemical middleman.
Earliest Accounts of
Trade Among Nations |
From the time that men began to
live in cities, trade, in some shape,
must have been carried on to supply
the town-dwellers with necessaries;
but it is also clear that international
trade must have existed, and affect-
ed to some extent even the pastoral
nomadic races, for we find that Abra-
ham was tich, not only in cattle, but
ia silver, gold, and gold. and silver
plate and ornaments (Gen. 13:2;
24:22, 53). Among trading nations
mentioned in Scripture, Egypt holds
in very early times a prominent posi-
tion, though her external trade was
carried on, not by her own citizens,
but by foreigners—chiefly of the no-
madic races. The internal trade of
the Jews, as well as the external, was
much promoted, as was the case also
in Egypt, by the festivals, which
brought large numbers of persons to
Jerusalem, and caused great outlay in
victims for sacrifice and in incense
(I Kings 8:63). The places of public
market were, then as now, chiefly the
open spaces near the gates, to which
goods were brought for sale by those
who came from the outside (Neh.
18:15, 16; Zech. 1:10). The traders
in later times were allowed to intrude
into the temple, in the outer courts of
which victims were publicly sold for
the sacrifices. (Zech. 14:21; Matt
21:12; John 2:14).
Loaded Shells Spelled
Doom of Shot Towers
Until the loaded shotgun shell was
developed shot was sold to the jobbing
trade throughout the entire country
packed in bags, which in turn were
purchased by the man having a muz-
zle-loading shotgun, who was obliged
to reload his gun with powder and shot
whenever the gun was fired at game or
target, says the Detroit yews. The
loaded shot shell and the breech-load-
ing shotgun sounded the death kneel
of the old type of shot tower.
The business of the ammunition con-
cerns manufacturing shot shells grew
by leaps and bounds so that the shot
consumption of the country centered
at the points where these shot shells
were manufactured, notably in New
Ingland, and in the course of events
these ammunition concerns began to
manufacture their own shot, thus com-
pletely destroying the business of the
many shot tewers located throughout
the country.
Picturesque Whitby Abbey
Othey of the ruined churches ot
England have a more picturesque
magnificence, but none a more ancient
fame than Whitby abbey, Henri Pick-
ard writes in the Cincinnati Enquirer. |!
There the first rude poetry of Eng-
Jand was written more than twelve
centuries’ ago. There, earlier still,
was held the synod v-hich decided that
the British church should keep Easter
at the same time as the rest of Chris-
fendom, a choice which meant that
Christendom should be united, and
Rritain remain within the influence of
the civilization of Italy and Gaul. But
the modern traveler who climbs the
many steps which lead from the river
to what was “high Whitby’s cloistered
pile” has seen nothing of the Ab-
bey of St. Hilda. In the ruins on the
hill there was no fragment older than
Plantagenet times. But discoveries of
great interest have now been made.
Only an Antique
f.eonia, a colored maid, had a taste
for lofty ideas and high-sounding
words. One of the members of the
family in which she served was a tall
elderly lady of imposing figure and
fine carriage. es
One day after Leonia had for per
naps the hundredth time expressed to
the lady her great admiration for her
handsome figure the object of her
praiges exclaimed, “Why do you say
so much about my appearance, Leonia?
I am only an antique.”
“What is that?” asked Leonia in as
tonishment.
The lady explained to her.
“Well,” Leonia burst forth, “if that
1s what you are now, you shorely is a
powerful indication of what you has
beewn.”—Youth’s Companion.
In Something of a Hurry
Every trade has its stock of well-
known yarns, but occasionally a new
one does occur, only, alas, in time to
become a classic. A certain well-
know newspaper man was holding
forth to a group of writers, among
whom was a rather famous novelist.
The journalist was saying that he had
recently been engaged in revising the
obituaries held in readiness by his
paper. Turning to the novelist, he add-
ed jocosely: “I've just been writing
you up.”
But the novelist, apparently, had
not been following very closely, and
waking up with a start, he asked
eagerly: “When is it going to be pub-
lished?”
Engelmann Spruce Valuable
In its fullest development, Engel-
mann spruce becomes a large tree, a
hundred feet or more in height and
three feet or more in diameter, with
a smooth, straight and only slightly
tapered trunk. Great quantities of
Engelmann spruce are cut for lumber.
The wood is soft and straight-grained
and is used for various construction
purposes, as telegraph and telephone
poles, as mine timbers, for the con-
struction of log buildings, and to some
extent as lumber for interior finish,
In contrast with the only other spruce
in Rocky Mountain National park,
Engelmann spruce is of considerable
importance commercially.
| FOR AND ABOUT WOMEN.
DAILY THOUGHT.
Ye, therefore, who love mercy,
your sons to love it, too.—Cowper.
More legs and less neck will be in
view next fall if the conception of au-
tumn modes for the women prevails
as revealed at the showing of the Na-
tional Garment Retailers’ association.
Skirts fifteen or sixteen inches off
the floor were not unusual at.a show-
i ing recently at the Hotel Astor, while
collars were invariably high. For
tailored dresses there were vests that
buttoned high at the neck.
Sleeves on dresses were either long
; and tight or long and flowing but al-
ways long.
The waistline was suggested more
definitely than in recent seasons.
teach
Fruit Lemonade—A lemon drink
with an appeal to the eye, as well as
to the taste, is the following, to be
served in tall glasses.
Into a shaker are put the juice of
one lemon, two teaspoonfuls of sugar,
some shaved ice, and sufficient water
almost to fill the shaker. This mix-
ture is shaken well and poured into a
tall, bright colored glass, and to it are
added one slice of orange, one slice of
Pineapple, one cherry, and one Malaga
grape; it should be served at once to
the expectant guest.
Iced Fruit Frappe.—A beverage al-
ways enjoyed by young people is iced
fruit frappe.
The juice of half a lemon and half
an orange. put into a shaker with one
| tablespoonful of powdered sugar and
lone cupful of cracked ice. This is
i shaken until the ice is melted. Then
| one toblespoonful of white grape juice
i is stirred in. This mixture is poured
into a glass with any four fruits in
season, and the whole is topped with
i a tablespoonful of ice cream or water-
ice.
Every one today wants to look slen-
der and reducing is a subject of great-
er interest than operations and the ex-
tinct servant girl. According to fash-
ion and science, women are rapidly be-
coming a disappearing sex. The boy-
ish figure sans bust and curves and
waistline is the ideal silhouette.
I can’t tell you how you can become
slender, but I can show you very easi-
ly how you can look several inches
slighter and thirty or forty pounds
lighter than you do now. Almost any
woman can reduce her actual measure-
ments appreciably by proper corset-
ing, proper lingerie and the proper
size clothes. Old shapeless corsets
with bent and bulging bones, “00 much
lingerie cut on too wide lines and
made of clumsy materials, clothes that
are too large, too long and too wide
for the present fashion will make a
mountain out of any potential femi-
nine molehill.
The Corset and the Corselet.—A
! few years ago during the vogue of the
sweater with its concealing lines,
| women took off corsets, drew a long
| breath and let their figures go. Some
of the results were good, others were
bad. The large waist with the result-
ing lowering of the bust and straight-
enung of the hip has a youthful air.
But the diaphragm bulge, the middle-
aged spread, the very pronounced in-
crease in weight, have proved ugly
and stubborn. Many women who have
tried going without corsets are now
wearing them again—not to make
their waists smaller, but to flatten the
abdomen and lower back.
Most young girls and practically all
women need some sort of figure con-
trol. If they don’t need it as a cor-
rective, they need it as a preventive of
the figure defects that come upon us
so rapidly as a result of the motor,
the bridge table and the increase in
office and executive work among wom-
en. Not all women need corsets.
Women with young slender figures
find that the corselet, which is a com-
bination brassiere and hip-confiner, is
sufficient. It is unboned and is there-
fore as soft and flexible as the nat-
ural figure. It keeps the figure
straight without making it rigid. It
is made of soft light fabries such as
brassiere material, broche coutil and
fine washable satin and has elastic
gores to fit in at the hip. You can
either buy or make your corselet. It
is very easily made, and if the figure
is large or small at one point or anoth-
er the corselet can easily be fitted
when it is being made. These corse-
lets have been enormously successful
for several reasons—their excellent
lines, their inexpensiveness, and the
fact that they can be washed as easily
and as often as any other piece of lin-
gerie. They are supple enough for
sports and dancing and their unbrok-
en lines are perfect under the light
fabrics of evening gowns.
For the figure that needs a firmer
hold than the corselet gives there is
the corset. For average figures it is
almost as light and boneless as the
corselet, It is made of soft broches
and satins, usually in flesh pink, and
is almost always combined with elas-
tic gores. The firmer material is used
at the front and back and is some-
times re-enforced at those points to
flatten the abdomen and the back. It
is always wide in the waist, practical-
ly topless and not very long, more
a hip confiner than a corset. The
brassiere takes care of the upper part
of the figure.
For the figure that is heavier and
more mature the corset becomes heav-
ier with heavier material, more bones
and more bust and with lacings. The
laced corset should always be put on
with the laces loosened. After it is
clasped it should be drawn in back, up
in front, and the garters should be
fastened. It should then be laced and
tied. It is slack corsets and bent cor-
set bones that make many women look
larger than they really are.
Grapefruit Mint.—A delicious drink,
which, this time, excludes the lemon
and substitutes both orange and
grapefruit, is grapefruit mint.
One grapefruit and two oranges are
cut in half, and the juice is extracted
by using a large glass lemon-squeezer.
To this juice is added one cupful of
sugar, The mixture is allowed to stand
for one hour, being stirred occasional-
ly. To it are added, at the time of
serving, crushed ice, one pint of wa-
ter, one pint of ginger ale, and one
sprig of mint well crushed. Tha drink
should be served while it still has a
sparkle.
|
Pennsylvania Good Producer.
The Keystone State is a good place
in which to live and work. The Unit-
ed States Census Bureau proves that
every time it reports on our manufac-
turing industries and their operations.
Figures just show that in 1923 their
product increased twenty-seven per
cent., the number of employees in-
creased twenty-six per cent, and the
wages paid actually were forty-four
per cent more than in 1921.
Pennsylvania is a tremendous pro-
ducer. In that lies the prosperity of
its industries and its workers. The
Auditor General’s office estimated that
in 1923 the State’s manufacturing in- :
dustries had invested capital amount-
ing to $3,664,352,638, so that for every
MEDICAL.
Backache is a Warning!
Bellefonte Folks are Learning Hew to
Heed It.
Are you miserable with an aching
back? Do you get up lame and stiff;
drag through the day feeling tired,
weak and depressed ? Then you should
help your kidneys. Backache is often
the first sign of failing kidneys. Uri-
nary troubles quickly follow. Neg-
lected, there’s danger of gravel, drop-
sy or fatal Bright’s disease. Don’t
wait for serious kidney sickness! Use
Doan’s Pills, a stimulant diuretic to
the kidneys, before it is too late. A
resident of this locality tells an ex-
perience:
Mrs. Ralph Hassinger, Oak Hall,
Pa., says: “My back was weak and
lame and I tired easily. My kidneys
acted frequently, too. I used Doan’s
Pills and they soon strengthened my
back and regulated my kidneys.”
Price 60c, at all dealers. Don’t
simply ask for a kidney remedy—get
Doan’s Pills—the same that Mrs. Has-
singer had. Foster-Milburn Co.,
Mfrs., Buffalo, N. Y. 70-29
in the morning.
Daily May Ist to
Leave Buffalo=_ 9:00 P.
Automobile Rate—$7.50.
Send for free sectional puzzle chart of
the Great Ship “SEEANDBEE” and
32-page booklet.
The Cleveland & Duile Transit Co.
0
leve
Fare, $5.50
Your Rail Ticket is
Good on the Boats
| A restful night on Lake Erie
Makes a pleasant break in your journey. A good bed in a clean,
cool stateroom, a long sound sleep and an appetizing breakfast
Steamers “SEEANDBEE”-*“CITY OF ERIE"-“CITY OF BUFFALO”
E . M. East:
Arrive Cleveland *7:00 A. M. Sen Fine
IStonmmer Tid OF BUFPALL: arrives 7:30 A. M.
onnections for Cedar Point, Put-in-Bay, Toledo, Detroi :
Ask your ticket agent or tourist agency i > Cc ST Aline, Ther po,
A,
one of the 1,095,066 persons which the
Census Bureau says were employed
.during that year there was actually
$3,348 of capital at work. This capi-
tal, the skill and industry of the 1,-
095,066 employees, and the capability
of management are the foundation
and assurance of Pennsylvania pros-
perity.—Philadelphia Bulletin.
Get the Watchman if you want
the local news.
The smith, a mighty man is he
He gets as hungry as can be.
—Young Mother Hubbard
And hungry men in this
town are pleased to know
that their wives are buying
their meats here—where
quality is assured and a
saving in price certain.
Beezer’s MeatjMarket
ON THE DIAMOND
84-84-1y Bellefonte, Pa.
November 15th
1Leave Cleveland—9:00 P. M.
J Arrive Buffalo —*7:00 A. M.
The Great Ship
*“SEEANDBEE” =
Length, 500 feet,
Breadth, 98 feet
Lyon & Co.
Economy Sale
Lyon & Co.
Economy is the art of spending
The bargains in this Econ-
omy Sale are opportunities that you
cannot afford to miss. Aoi
wisely.
AAS UISEIS ISAS SSSI PS SSS PSPSPS PPI
All Summer Dress
Uoiles, Crepes, Silk and Cotton,
Flannels, El, at
—
Shoes. See our Dollar Table of Shoes
Goods, Ginghams,
Economy Prices
Coats
Lyon & Co. « Lyon & Co.
All Summer Coats {iI Ladies,’ Misses
and Children at. Big Reductions