-
"Bellefonte, Pa., Oceober 24, 1924.
Crater Brings to Mind
Ancient Idea of Hell
The news that Halemaumau, tne
hottest crater of the Kilauea vor
cano in Hawali, is active again and
has thrown up black dust clouds to
a height eof 7,000 feet, reminds me of
my visit to the Pit of Everlasting
Fire. That is what the name Hale-
maumau means, and it corresponds to
{ts description, writes G. L. D. Jones.
The Japanese liner in which I was
making a ten-weeks' voyage from
Hongkong to Valparaiso (incidental-
ly, I believe, the longest passenger
voyage in the world) not only called
at Honolulu, but at Hilo, and from
Hilo—a port in the making—I went
with the few other white passengers
on board by motor car to Kilauea and
Halemaumau.
Our chauffeur was a Japanese of
a Japanese-Hawailan mixture. In his
capacity for driving I had little con-
fidence at the start, and out of his
hands we were all very glad to get
at the finish, more especially as the
motor car itself had seen better days.
It had been warm when I left Hilo
(in whites and a sun-helmet). When
the car stopped I was shivering with
cold—on the tropic line, with an ac-
tive volcano at my feet. There was
a guest house for volcano visitors who
wished to stop the night. All around
was a black desolation of waste
ground, striated by solidified tracks of
lava from former eruptions. We
picked our way down along a well-
trodden path and suddenly we saw
Halemaumau.
We were at the end of the world,
and below us, was a vivid represents-
fon of the ancient idea of Hell.
The pit was glowing with fire, red-
hot fire. It was cut up into sections
of fire. Picture to yourself pools of
red-hot fire, now suddenly agitated
Into fountains; rivers of red-hot fire,
now overflowing their banks. Ten,
twenty, thirty pools and fountains and
rivers all blazing at once, all working
at red-hot pressure, some suddenly be-
coming even more excessively angry
than before. That is Halemaumau.
The City of David
Prof. R. A. S. Macalister, describing
recently the work carried on on the
eastern hills to the south of Jerusalem,
said that there was undoubted evi-
dence of the occupation of the site by |
men of prehistoric time. They had, |
however, discovered the bottom por-
tions of the walls of the city that
David had taken from the Jebusites.
Although it was not wise to theorize
before the work was completed, they
had found indications that pointed to |
a spot in the northern wall being that
which David breached when he took
the city, subsequently screened with a
wall that he built to cover the damage, |
and finally properly repaired by Solo-
mon.
A strong bastion, with walls ove.
cwelve feet thick, indicated that it
might be the tower from which the
Jebusites mocked David, saying that
only blind men and cripples would |
be necessary to hold the walls
against him. The excavations also |
had brought to light other things !
which illustrated or amplified Biblical
references to David. The work was
as yet far from complete, only about
an acre of ground having been taken,
but sufficient had been done to show
very attractive possibilities in its com-
ple ion,
As She Understood It
After the usual Saturday romp the
children gathered in the drawing room
for some music.
As bedtime drew near the mother :
said: “Now, children, choose a hymn
to finish up with and then you must
ol! say good night.”
“Let’s have ‘Ere Again Ogr Sabbath
-Close,’” sald a little girl of seven.
“Well, I think that would be more |
~2uitable for tomorrow night,” replied !
the mother,
“Oh, but you always air our Sab-
path clothes on Saturdays,” said the
child.
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Research Work Needed
It is not safe to say that any intel
iigent research work is useless. With
so overwhelming a preportion of the
inhabitants of the earth giving their !
eager attention to the accumulation of |
wealth which perishes, we can well
afford to provide the opportunity for
the exceptional man here and there,
fo investigate any subject to which his i
enthusiasm directs his attention. If
he succeeds in discovering truth, the
investment will be of imperishable
benefit to the human race.—William
Wallace Campbell, President of the |
University of California.
Truly Wonaerrul
On a hotel veranda at a seasiue re
sort a visitor approached, in the dark,
the spot where a beautiful girl with
golden hair and melting baby-blue
eyes was sitting with an adoring
youth.
As he neared the pair the pew
comer heard her say: ‘“‘Aren’t the
stars beautiful tonight? I love to sit
and look at the stars on a night like
this and think abou Science. = Sc¢'~nce
is so interesting, so wonderful; don't
| probability.
Seme Opinions Put Forward
Not Complimentary.
What the term “Hoosier” means,
and the origin of it, is a question that
persists tnrough the years. More than
ninety years ago it was discussed in
the newspapers, and though the rea-
sonable and probable answer was
then indicated, which the Indiana
Democrat of October 26, 1833, copied
from the Cincinnati Republican, an im-
probable explanation that chanced to
get a footing is nearly always given
in answer. It is that the nickname
rose from what was said to be the
habit of Indiana pioneers of hailing
a cabin yith the call “Who's yere?”
No authentic pioneer chronicles tel
of any such expression.
A common hall was: “Hello the
house!” in Indiana and elsewhere,
More worthy of credence is the notion
of James Whitcomb Riley, who main-
tained that Hoosier evolved from the
characteristic scrappiness of the pio-
neers who in settling their differences
bit off each ether’s features. When,
after one of these pleasantries, a be-
lated citizen arrived on the scene and
saw a detached ear lying on the ground
he naturally asked: “Who's ear?’
Other stories than these derived the
word from huzzar, huzza and husher.
None of them merits serious consider-
ation. Another story not quite so un-
likely is that when the canal was be-
ing dug a contractor by the name of
Hoosier employed workmen from the
Indiana side of the river. These be-
came known as Hoosier's men, and
as there were a great many of them,
the use of the name spread until it
became - associated with Indianiang
generally.
The discussion of 1833, referred to
above as quoted from the Cincinnati
Republican, had this to say: “The
word Hoosier is indebted for its ex-
istence to that once numerous but
now extinct class of mortals called
the Ohio hoatmen. In its original ac-
ceptation it was equivalent to ‘Rip-
staver,” ‘Scrouger,’ ‘Screamer,’ Bul-
ger,’ ‘Ringtail roarer,” and a hundred
others. By some caprice the
appellation became confired solely to
such boatmen as had their homes
upon the Indiana shore, and from them
it was gradually applied to all the In-
dianians.”
The writer of this perhaps did no.
know that the word was not confined
to the boatmen on the river, but ex-
tended southward and was probably
common then, as it certainly was
later in the more primitive sections,
especially in the mountain districts.
Today one may find the word Hoosier
there as an expression of contempt
for an uncouth and unkempt person.
That it made its way northward as
part of the southern vocabulary along
with the tide of immigration from the
South hardly admits of a doubt, and
that it attached to the typical early
Indianian is an uncomplimentary
As the cultural status
of the people changed the word gradn-
ally lost its earlier implications but
retained its place. The first appear-
ance of the word in nvint, as far as
known, is in the Indiana Palladium
for July 30, 1831, which, describing
Noah Noble as a horse in the political
race, says: “He may be called a
‘Hoosher.” "—Indianapolis News,
His Reason
“I'm figgering on moving away,”
said Lafe Lazyenberry of Boogle Hol:
ler. “I aim to load the folks into
the waggin, pour a gourdful of water
on the fire, call the dogs and light
out for Oklahomy.”
“What do you want to go to Ok-
iahomy for special?’ asked an ac-
quaintance.
“Well, I'll just tell you: I've usea
up all the credit I had yurabouts and
borried till I ean’t borry nuth’n’ more,
and over there I don’t know nobody
and nobody don't know me, so I alm
to start all over ag’in.”—Kansas City
Star.
Knew the Owner
There was nothing the professor dis
iiked so much as to see the ignorant
public get false information—emwecial-
ly on the subject of ornithology. So
when he observed that an incorrect
scientific name had been attached to
a cage of birds at the park zoo, he
summoned the attendant.
“Don’t you know that these Lirds
do not belong to the family Para-
dieidae?”’ he asked.
“Sure, I do,” replied the attendant.
“The zoo bought ’em last week.”
Baby Elephant as Pet
Wanting to give a more sabstantiai
wedding present than furniture or cut
glass, Bernard Ruhe of Newark, N.
J., gave his daughter, Elsie, when she
was married to Carl Strohm, a baby
elephant. He told his daughter, as
she sailed for a honeymoon trip to
Europe, that the animal, besides being
a pet, is a good investment, for it could
always be sold for more than it cost;
and as the elephant lives for several
hundred years it will be in the family
for some generations. :
Earthquake Cooled Water
Water in the bay of Tokyo is colder
this year than last, according to ob-
servers of the Marine Products In-
stitute, the earthquake of last Sep-
you think so? Now, take astronomy,
Astronomers are such marvelous
meni I can understand how they have
heen able to estimate the distance to
the moon and to all the other planets
and the size of the sun and how ZIast
it tra , but how, do you suppose,
ney ever found out the right eames
: ull those stars?”
| tember being blamed for a marked
! drop in temperature. The lower tem-
| perature of water along the coasts
near Tokyo is expected to handicap
such industries as fishing for shellfish
' and gathering seaweeds, in which the
workers are obliged to spend hours
standing in water,
=smee | ARE NOT AGREED ON | Land Once Held Barres
aii Atco ORIGIN OF HOOSIER Helps fo Feed Wold
The total land area of the world is
more than 52,000,000 square miles, of
which less than 30,000,000 are consid-
ered fertile, and half of the fertile
lands to be found in tropical and sub-
tropical regions. Every new fertilizer
or every new source of known fer-
tilizer ad.s to the habitability of the
temperate zone, and it is a fact that
our mastery of fertilizing agencies is
capable of great commercial develop-
ment through lines of management
laid down by applied chemistry, writes
Isalah Bowman in the New World.
A second source of arable land is
found In the swamp lands capable of
being drained. Of these there are in
the United States 90,000,000 acres, but
two-thirds of this amount is forested
and requires clearing, and much of
the rest is peat bog, which requires
a specialized farm practice. Qualify-
ing conditions of a similar sort affect
the swamp lands of the rest of the
world. :
A third source of food supply un-
doubtedly will come from a limited
extension of both agriculture and
grazing, but particularly grazing, into
the vast tundras of the sub-Arctic. In
the case of the tundras, both of Si-
beria and more especially of North
America, we still are suffering from
the inhibitions ¢f the past, when we
looked upon the sub-Arctic as useless.
The “frozen north” has retreated
northward faster than our school
books have been revised. The grassy
tundras of northern Alaska, like those
of the so-called “barren” grounds of
Canada, are capable of supporting mil-
‘lons of reindeer and caribou.
In the southern hemisphere we
have no habitable lands from which
man has been excluded by sheer in-
ertia of opinion. South Africa, Aus-
tralia and Patagonia have been criss-
crossed by the pioneer, and though
their lands are capable of higher de-
velopment, at least we know th2 lines
along which development will occur
and is even now proceeding; and we
know also that their population in-
crease will have a relatively low limit
because of the unfavorable climatic
conditions.
Layers of Gases on Sun
The atmosphere of the sun, upon
the heat of which all life upon earth
depends, can only be explored by
wireless messages, Dr. Charles E. St.
John of the Mount Wilson observa-
tory, Pasadena, Cal., told members of
the American Philosophical society,
meeting in Philadelphia. The inter-
pretation of these messages, received
as light, is the task of the astronomer,
he said.
Doctor St. John took his audience
on an imaginary journey as far to-
ward the real surface of the sun as
the astronomers have been able to
penetrate. Warning them to expect a!
warm climate, he said that after pass-
ing through the silvery white corona,
which may extend from the sun for
several hundred thousand miles, they
would find themselves in an unthink-
ably rare atmosphere of ionized cal-
cium, the metal which is the basis of
limestone, and then successively
through layers of the gases of other
elements, hydrogen, helium, magnesi-
um, titanium, sodium, calcium and
iron in succession like the layers of
an onion.
Finally, he said, they would reach
the lowest circle so far explored,
where they would find the atmosphere
containing all the elements known to
exist in the sun, the pressure that of
a partial vacuum, and the tempera-
ture about 10,000 degrees Fahrenheit.
The wind velocities would average
about 1,000 miles an hour, Professor
St. John said.
Windmills Much Used
The wind is a source of power that
has been utilized since the first sail-
ing vessel put to sea. Until the re-
cent development of the gasoline er-
gine and of the oil supply, windmills
were largely used on American farms
for pumping water, and wind-driven
flour mills were familiar features of
the landscape in some parts of the
eastern states. Gasoline has largely
in South America where gasoline is
expensive the wind still does much
of the farm work, particularly in Ar-
gentina and southern Chile. In Ar-
gentina windmills are more and more
used for pumping water for the vast
numbers of cattle that are raised in
that country.
Iceland Retroactive
Iceland has prohibited the importa.
tion of shoes. It will return to the
exclusive uses of its own hairy sea
skin footwear. Nearly all dry goods
are barred, meaning a return to home-
spun. Automobiles, motorcycles, films
are not to be for the Icelander. This
movement, back to the simple life in
Iceland, now has something of a coun-
terpart in Sweden, which is proposing
to resist the flood of automobiles
which is engulfing other parts of the
and there wishes he might be clear
of an automobile, radio, telephone
transported world as altogether too
much with him. Such will find Ice-
1 1and, if it stands firm, a real retreat.
Time for Everything
Two small boys were talking togeth.
ér on the beach.
“] say, what's your father?”
“He's an architect.”
“Huh, mine's not. He's a soldier”
“My father was a goldier in the war,
rng,”
“Huh, anybody can be a soldier wheo
‘ .pere's a war."—London Dailv Ne.
Farm Calendar.
A Gardener's Trick.—A lettuce
grower near Philadelphia has been
able to secure a much earlier spring
crop by plowing a field into broad
ridges in the fall and in late March or
early April he sets lettuce plants
from frames on the ridges. The ridg-
es are dry enough for planting some
time ahead of the surrounding land.
The plants are protected from severe
weather immediately after planting
by a light mulch of marsh hay.
The Lawn.—If grass seeding has
not been done to this time, wheat or
rye should be sown for turning under
next spring as a green manure crop.
If the soil needs both manure and
lime, well rotted manure should be
worked into the soil this fall and lime,
preferably ground limestone, applied
in the spring.
Destroy Mummied Fruit.—After
the fruit crop is harvested it is a good
plan in the prevention of disease
spreading to destroy all dried-up and
rotted fruit that still clings to the
trees or is on the ground. Brown and
black rot spreads rapidly in the
spring even from one diseased apple,
plum or peach left in the orchard.
Forecast of Potato Crop Same as 1923.
The October forecast of potato pro-
duction in Pennsylvania indicates a
crop of 26,328,000 bushels, practically
the same as the 1923 harvest, accord-
ing to reports received by the Feder-
al State Crop reporting service.
With conditions of potatoes improv-
ed in practically all sections of the
State during September, shipments up
to October 4th, totalled 458 cars,
nearly ‘double the number shipped at
the same time last year.
A general improvement is notice-
able throughout the United States and
the crop will exceed last years by 3
per cent., it was estimated.
tte
TORIGHT =
Tomorrow Alright
NR Tablets stop sick headache
relieve bilious attacks, tone an
regulate the eliminative organs,
make you feel fine.
“ Better Than Piils For Liver lls”
=
C. M. PARRISH
BELLEFONTE, PA.
Caldwell & Son
Plumbing and Heating
By Hot Water
Vapor
Steam
Pipeless Furnaces
Full Line of Pipe and Fittings
AND MILL SUPPLIES
ALL SIZES OF
Terra Cotta Pipe and Fittings
Estimates Cheerfully and Promptly
Furnished.
66-15-tf |
CHICHESTER SPILLS
Ladies!
Oh
replaced the wind in this country but
world.. Not rarely an American here:
“I keep six honest; serving men;
(They taught me All I Knew):
Their names are WHAT and WHY
and WHEN, H
and HOW and WHERE and WHO” H
KIPLING
WHAT was the Declaration of London?
WHY does the date for Easter vary?
WHEN was the great pyramid of
Cheops built ?
HOW can you distinguish a malarial
mosquita ?
WHERE is Canberra? Zeebrugge?
WHO was the Millboy of the Slashes ?
Are these “six men” serving you too?
Give them an opportunity®by placing
WEBSTER'S
in your home,
school, office,
club, library. y
‘This““Supreme {GH
Authority” in all 3
knowledge offers service,
immediate, constant, lasting, trust-
worthy. Answers all kinds of ques-
tions. A century of developing,
enlarging, and perfecting under ex~
acting care and highest scholarship
insures accuracy, completeness,
compactness, authority.
Write for a sample page of the New Words,
specimen of Regular and India Papers, also
booklet ‘‘You are the Jury,” prices, ete. To
those naming this publication we will send free
a set of Pocket Maps.
G. & C. MERRIAM CO.
Springfieid, Mass, U. 3. A. £81. 1832
2 Cone
pda LOTT
ATonic and
Cut leaf, not factory
scrap.
A pure product manu-
factured and sealed
without one human
touch.
Increased overhead
hasn’t reduced the
weight or raised the
price.
ges Sold in a
gle Year
1S,
a Brain Broom
women are.
of the year.
coming months.
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in style. But—as a matter of fact—men are
just as concerned about good style as
M EN like to kid the women about iheir interest
We know it because we deal with men every day
In presenting men’s clothes we have
chosen the famed Griffon Clothes. Griffon style
is correct. Men have taken to it in the past—and
they are taking to it today.
We are ready to show you the proper style for the
$25 to $40
A. Fauble
from one to ten shares.
of very moderate means.
been paid.
women.
are not even moderately rich.
luxurious wealth.
result in loss of efficiency and bring economical disaster.
ernment ownership would end in confiscation.
mam
A
The Pennsylvania Railroad
We are constantly buying: Penna. R. R. stock in small lots of
Most: of these orders come from: women
While not a woman’s investment of the first erder, an unin-
terrupted dividend record of sixty-eight years inspires confidence.
During this period dividends: averaging about six per eent. have
The Penna. R. R. has a main trackage of 12,000 miles and a
total trackage of 28,500 miles, operating in twelve States whose
combined population is over 50,000,000.
500,000,000 dollars of capital steck divided into 10,000,000 shares
of fifty dollars each, a majority of its 145,000 share-holders being
The average number of shares held is 69.
other respects the Pennsylvania is typical of all our great trans-
portation systems. They are owned by the people and the owners
It has in round figures
. To the majority of these share-holders the average wages
paid to the 219,000 employees of the company would seem like
In spite of the splendid and efficient service given by our rail-
It would finally
It
would largely increase taxes, for the government could not tax
its own property.
“The Country Gentleman,” after a careful analysis showed
that, in a number of States, from ten to fifteen per cent. of all
taxes collected are paid by the railroads.
pay more than one-half the total tax.
In many counties they
In efficient operation the American railroads lead the world.
In transportation charges they are lower than any country where
they are cwned by the State.
The First National Bank
Bellefonte, Pa.
29 |
i In this and
: ; roads government ownership is urged in certain quarters. Gov-
: destroy the savings of millions of small shareholders. It would
f-4¢
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IL.
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