——————————————————————— EE Ee
y
Bellefonte, Pa., August 8, 1924.
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BETWEEN ETERNITIES.
M. V. Thomas.
Beautiful, pure as a lily,
Sweet as the breath of heaven;
Into the hands of the earth-king
An immortal soul is given.
Clothed in the garb of affection,
Bathed in the dew of tears,
Tossed by the billows of circumstance
'Tis borne on the tide of the years.
Out of the mystical unknown
Of the great eternal past,
An immortal soul is drifting
On life’s ocean deep and vast.
Cheered by smiles of gladness,
Led by the iight of hope,
Thus, with life's raging elements,
Unaided, it must cope.
Caught by the tempest of passion,
Crushed by the weight of care,
Between the two eternities
A soul is drifting there.
And so through all the ages,
Souls are drifting on life's sea
Between the great eternities,
And even so are we.
MORONS.
A correspondent asks whether we
do not believe that the number of
youthful degenerates is decidedly on
the increase in America. It is not an
easy question to answer. We well re-
call a night visit to the great Belle-
vue hospital in New York city, as a
member of the Mayor's committee,
when 27 illegitimate children were
born within 24 hours, and the physi-
cian in charge informed us that in al-
most every case the mother was either
physically or mentally subnormal.
"This, he averred, explained a great
deal of the wrong doing. Itis not
flattering to be told, as Dr. L. F. Bar-
ker, Prof. of clinical medicine at
Johns Hopkins University, recently
stated, that “if the public fully real-
ized how much insanity, mental defi-
ciency, criminality and incapacity for
social effectiveness actually exists to-
day, a vigorous prophylactic campaign
through = education and legislation
would be peremptorily demanded.” It
is disheartening to be informed that
the number of morons (half-wits) is
so much greater than most of us have
supposed, but there are arguments
which seem to substantiate it almost
daily. For instance we are told that
such degenerates as the rich men’s
sons in Chicago, who brutally murder-
ed a little boy, are “receiving as many
as 400 love letters from silly young
girls in a single day.” But the ques-
tion as to whether education and leg-
islation can cure such a condition is
worthy of serious consideration. Over
and over again we need to emphasize
the fact that the most dangerous peo-
ple in the world are the educated
scoundrels. The value of an educa-
tion depends upon its character; and
it is the omission of religious training,
the failure to develop the moral sanc-
tions, the disposition to minimize
spiritual verities, the gross and crass
materialism which envelopes so large |
a part of our society—it is this which
causes so many to outgrow home ties
and to show nothing but contempt for
those eternal and fundamental things
for which our fathers and mothers
were taught to give their very lives.
Are these degenerates to be regarded
as freaks (like 5-legged cows) or as
sinners against God and man? What
men of science called mental subnor-
mality is very often only a lack of
moral and spiritual training. We
need faith to believe that in the worst
of these youthful fools and potential
or actual criminals, there is a divine
spark which can be kindled into new-
ness of life. It is not easy to believe
that there is good in everything, but
it is those who have faith to believe
that who will accomplish the most
with mankind. A singer who passed
all too soon from these earthly scenes
strove to remind us in a beautiful
way of this wonderful truth, for it is
from his heart as well as with lips
that John Kendrick Bangs sang:
“I never knew a man so mean
He did not have some goodly trait,
That by all others would be seen
If only they would watch and wait—
And that’s the reason why, you know,
In condemnation I am slow.
I never knew a soul so blind
To good, so deeply steeped in sim,
That if I searched I could not find
Some gold of character within—
And that is whay I place no ban
On any single fellow man.’
—Reformatory Record.
Used Clothes of Movie Stars Much in
Demand.
Los Angeles.—“You may tear, you
may spot the old clothes, if you will—
“But the glamour of stardom will
cling to them still.”
Not confined to Hollywood itself,
but scattered throughout this city,
are shops where the cast-off garments
of the stars of the movies may be pur-
chased.
Evening gowns, frocks, slippers,
kimonos, bathing suits, riding clothes,
garden hats, rain coats, desert “get-
ups,” all await the purchaser who
seeks a Poiret-labeled affair for the
price of Main street gingham.
Old-clothes men daily make the
rounds of the studios and homes of
the stars, seeking cast-off clothes.
It is a rule that the women of the
movies have plenty of beautiful
clothes for each picture, and a gown
once worn is seldom used again.
Hence, the little second-hand clothes
shops are filled with the cast-off gar-
ments of the reat and minor per-
formers of Hollywood.
Restless, Naturally.
Sweet Young Thing—What makes
the boat jump about so?
Another 8S. Y. T.—Bob says the
poor thing is on a tack.—The Har-
vard Lampoon.
—It costs from fifty to one hun-
dred and fifty thousand dollars to drill
an oil well, and by no means is every
well an oil producer. :
A GOOD MANNERS CLUB.
A Milwaukee High school has soly-
ed the problem of school discipline in
an ingenious way. It has tactfully en-
listed the aid of its pupils; not by the
honor system which has been found
effective in college examinations but
by a similar device. The students
have been encouraged to form good
manners clubs. Boys and girls are
naturally “joiners” and the new or-
ganization has proved a success. The
members are all pledged to conduct
themselves in a worthy manner and
to assist in improving the conduct and
morals of the school. Each wears a
button which is subject to recall at
any time he fails to live up to his ob-
ligations. em SE
Some of the offenses listed to be
guarded against are: Crowding when
classes are moving; gum chewing and
the improper disposal of chewing
gum (one wonders what would be the
proper way to dispose of it); inter-
rupting a busy teacher; ignoring
waste baskets; “jay walking” on the
lawn; injuring plants on the school
grounds; talking back to the teacher
and marking desks and walls. When
the whole list is considered the re-
sponsibility for discipline is pretty
well shifted from instructors to pupils
but the plan is said to work—at least |
while it is still a novelty. The club
was organized two months ago.
Of course the purpose of the new
oragnization is not confined to good
behavior in the school room; it is
much broader than that and appeals
to the pupil to be courteous on all oc-
casions. For instance, loud talking
and “yelling” in cafeterias as well as
“eating with unwashed hands” are
forbidden. For girls especially there
is an injunction against “combing
hair and powdering noses in public.”
This organization for the promo-
tion of good manners could be extend-
ed with benefit to other persons be-
sides High school pupils. At the same
time its rules need not be so specific
as those which refer to using a tooth-
pick in public. More should be left to
the individual's instinct for courtesy.
Maybe the quotation from Emerson, |
adopted as a motto by the High school
club covers the ground: “Manners
aim to facilitate life, to get rid of im-
pediments. They aid our dealings and
conversation as a railway aids travel,
by getting rid of all avoidable ob-
structions of the road and leaving
nothing to be conquered but pure
space.”—Ex.
LARGEST ELECTRIC ENGINE ON
TOUR.
The General Electric Co. has built
what it claims to be the largest and
most powerful electric engine in the
world. iv is owned by the Chicago,
Milwaukee and St. Paul railroad which
is now, with reasonable pride, exhib-
iting it throughout the country. This
leviathan of the rails is capable of
developing 3200 horse power. It will
be used to haul transcontinental trains
over steep grades in the Cascade
mountains. Technical men describe
this engine as a “bi-polar, gearless
type, requiring ‘neither coal, water nor
fuel oil.” It is 76 feet long and
weighs 265 tons. On a down grade
its motors can be reversed so that it
will generate back into the wires
much of the electricity taken from
them in climbing slopes.
The C. M. and St. P. railroad’s 650
miles of track make it the largest
electrified system in the world. Six-
ty-one electric engines, using current
obtained from waterfalls, do the work
that once required 163 engines using
2,700,000 tons of coal and 25,000,000
gallons of fuel oil a year.
The modern electric locomotive has
more power than two big steam loco-
motives. This is tested by an exper-
iment in which two steam locomotives
—among the largest made—and the
new electrical giant engaged in a
“pushing” .contest. A tug-of-war was
not feasible because the couplings
would not stand the strain. With cur-
rent off, the electric engine was easily
pushed down the track by its steam
rivals. When the current was turned
on the speed slowly slackened, the
steam locomotives labored to their ut-
most, and finally the electric master
drove the two, throttles open, in full
retreat.—Ex.
A Glowing Star for World War
Heroes.
An electric star, crowning a tall
staff in Madison Square, has been pre-
sented to New York city as a tribute
to New York men who gave their lives
in the world war. It is to be called
the “Eternal Light,” because it is to
be kept burning for years, perhaps for
centuries, to come.
Rodman Wanamaker, chairman of
the Mayor’s committee on reception to
distinguished guests, is the author if
the “Eternal Light” idea, and the
star is his personal gift.
“Many of us are inclined to forget
only too quickly,” said Mr. Wana-
maker, discussing his gift, “that
thousands of our bravest and finest,
who had everything to live for, died
that we might be happy. How quick-
ly fade events that once stirred our
blood! This eternal light will make
us think, If we are religiously inclin-
ed, we’ll breathe a prayer when the
soft glow among the tree tops of
Madison Square comes within our
vision.”
The Eternal Light will stand on the
south end of the grass plot opposite
West 24th street. On clear nights it
will be visible up Fifth avenue and
down Broadway.
The light is a gold star five feet in
diameter. It is mounted on a pole 120
feet high, embedded in a granite base
inscribed with the names of the world
war battles participated in by New
York troops. The pole has been fash-
ioned from an Oregon pine.—Ex.
There is a Happy Land.
Kansas has 50,000 more telephones
than the whole of South America.
And there are people who will discov-
er in that fact reason for . envying
South America, where there are great
open spaces in which the telephone
bell never jingles at inopportune mo-
ments, A :
——California has made the study
of the United States Constitution com-
pulsory in all its public schools.
Train Indian Boys in
Fine Art of Stealing
The Stone Hammer society, an er-
ganization to teach Hidatsa Indian
boys how to steal, is described by
Miss Frances Densmore of the Smith-
sonian Institution's bureau of Ameri-
can ethnology in a study of the music
of these little known and almost ex-
tinct North Dakota Indians which har
Just been announced.
While the chief purpose of the
society was to train boys in stealth
and theft, there were strict regula-
tions of the manner in which the
stealing was done. The Stone Ham-
mer raids took place at night, and it
was required that, before sunset, the
boys go through camp announcing that
they would steal that night. Every-
one was fully notified and proceeded to
hide their provisions in what they
gonsidered the safest places.
It was not unusual, Miss Densmore
reports, for the Stone Hammer boys
to lift the blanket on which an old
woman was sleeping, lay the blanket
and the old woman gently to one side,
and take the dried meat or other food
from beneath her bed without waking
her.
The next night the boys made up
packs of gifts for the people who haa
been robbed, and it was considered
that everything was properly ad-
Justed.
Builders Unable to
Make Wind Scapegoat
fhe wind that accommodatingly
comes in at the kitchen window on &
summer morning and into the library
or across the front porch on a sum-
mer evening, when the architect has
given due consideration to orientation
factors in certain locations, becomes
a veritable demon when it topples a
brick wall or a billboard onto a pe-
destrian. And, demon though it is,
it is designated an “act of God” in
law if the wind were hanging up a
record run. This circumstance opens
the way to a fertile field of excuses
in court cases. The weather bureau
of the United States Department of
Agriculture was recently called upon
to furnish evidence in a court case
concerning a wall which went up in
the afternoon and down at night; and
in the lack of a justifiable windstorm,
cross-examiners developed some ein-
barrassing facts about the manner of
the wall’s construction.
Simple Hairdressing
While one or two ornamental pins
may be stuck into the hair of the Chi-
nese or Japanese woman, they are at
best only added attractions, and all
the work of keeping the complicated
coil and elaborate structure firmly in
place is done by one pin and one pin
only, the Detroit News suys.
Qil of camellia, cactus, or some
other perfumed lubricant is applied
freely while the hair is in process of
being combed. This combing, as well
as the final arranging, is hardly ever
done by the well-born woman herself,
but by her waiting maid. The hair is
brought to a perfection of black satiny
gloss and smoothness, in which a
stiffening of gum plays no small part.
It is then bourd tightly close to the
head with a silk cord, coiled, and
the ends tied with silk. It is then
twisted into the desired knot and the
famous single pin deftly slipped
through the center, maintaining the
whole.
heavy the tresses may be, the ome
spoonshaped “pin” does the trick.
Capital's Government
The government of the Federal City
(as President Washington called it
until the commissioners gave it his
name in 1791) has been since 1874
vested in a commission of three offi-
cers, appointed by the president and
the senate. They have charge of all
municipal and administrative affairs,
police, street {improvemenis and
schools. Congress is the sole legisla-
ture of the city and district, the citi-
gens having no suffrage. Since the
government owns nearly half the prop-
erty in the district, and the city exists
largely for the benefit of the officers—
legislative, executive and judicial—it
has been settled by act of congress
that the government pays half the an-
nual expenses of the city government,
the other being taxed upon the prop-
erty of the citizens.—Kansas City Star.
Official Headpiece
“Halt, there!” commanded Constable
Sam T. Slackputter, the well-known
guardian of the peace and dignity of
Petunia. “Consider yourself under ar-
rest for exceeding the speed limit!”
“Wha-at!” returned the offending
motorist. “How do you know how fast
I was going? You didn’t even glance
at your watch?”
“I don't need to. If I see you com:
ing and turn my head away just as
you pass the Methodist church corner,
and then turn it back and you've
reached the hay scales, I know you're
exceeding the limit. You may say I
can't tell time by my head, but FPve
been using it for forty-nine years now,
and know just about what it can do.”
~~Kansas City Star.
New Street-Car Idea
Hope appesred on the horizon of the
strap hanger the other day in Detroit
in the form of a new type of street
car. This car, or rather three-in-one
car train, is designed to give greater
seating capacity for the same street
space than the usual type of cars, It
consists of three connecting cars on
four, sets of wheels and seats 140
people. The street rallway company
also wins, as the three-in-one train
weighs less and is cheaper to run than
three ordinary type cars.
No matter how thick and
|
White Pine Prominent
in American History
The white pine has been more im-
portant to the commercial develop-
ment of America than any other tree,
says the American Tree association of
Washington, which is compiling a
countrywide vote in an endeavor te
select a national tree, according to the
American Tree association.
When the Pilgrims landed the pine
was the only green thing to greet them
and it became their emblem on the Itis-
toric “pine tree shilling” and other
coinage.
the ax, but Maine still is called the
Pine Tree state.
History of the white pine until 189¢
is practically the history of the lum-
ber industry in America up to that
time. The first house built in America
of which there is authentic record wars
constructed of white pine.
White pine is native from Newfound-
jand and the northern shore of the
Gulf of St. Lawrence to southern Man-
itoba. It ranges southward through
the region of the Great Lakes to north-
ern Illinois, northern and eastern Ohio,
Pennsylvania and along the Allegheny '
mountains to northern Georgia.
Vacation and Profit
Gathering Spruce Gum
Spruce gummers are now busy in
| Northwest forests harvesting a unique
crop worth about $100,000. Some
spruce gum diggers or pickers who
are industrious and real woodsmen
bring out gleanings valued at $1,500
for six weeks’ work.
To these workers gum gathering is
a vacation, living in the open with wild
game for food and health building hik-
ing in the dense woods seeking the
gum deposits, says the New York
World. About three-score workers
have entered the spruce timber this |
season, but several hundred might
“easily find rich territory to earn a nice
piece of pin money.
A canvas pack bag, light ax and a
miniature long-handled pickax are the
tools needed. The gum nodules are
often many feet above the ground, so
improvised ladders are fashioned to
reach the pockets. Most of the gum,
however, is chipped out of the cracks
within easy reach. A day's work for
a hustler averages twenty-five to thir
ty pounds.
Old Ring-Off Signal
Among the early types of telephone
switchboards manufactured by the
Western Electric company was the
universal board, which made its ap-
pearance in 1879.
These early boards were rather
crude affairs and were soon replaced, |
as inventions were made and de-
veloped, but they are of interest be-
cause of certain important features
they contain. The universal board
was different from preceding switch-
boards in that it enabled the operator
not only to connect the subscriber
but also to know when the conversa-
tion was completed. This was made
possible by means of special ring-oft
signals which heretofore had not been
used.
It was soon after the appearance
of the universal board that the West-
ern Electric company became the
headquarters of telephone apparatus
and the manufacturing plant of the
Bell system.
German Students
With an increase from 10,265 in 1918
to 22,863 in 1924, the numiber of stu-
dents of law in German universities
has risen far above that of those study-
ing medicine, who numbered 18,121 in
1918, against 12,476 at present, reports
the Statistisches Jahrbuch. Theology
has lost much popularity, there being
only 2,514 Evafgelical students, comi-
pared with 8,672 in 1918, and 1,824
Catholic students, against 1,058. Stu-
dents of political economy rose from
2,212 to 16,212, and those studying the
technique of electricity in the techni-
wal colleges increased from 753 to
8,740. Students of historical philology
fell from 18,692 to 10,486, and those of
mathematical and natural sciences
from 7,276 to 8,746.
Muarderer’s Doom
Papuans, according to Mr. J. H.
Holmes’ book, “In Primitive New
Guinea,” believe that a man guilty of
murder is doomed to an eternal living
death in a swamp in the next world
“He will strive continually to escape
and be everlastingly sucked down
again till only the top of his head Is
visible. By an extraordinary effort he
will struggle upward, only to be
sucked back again. His eyes will
bulge with pain as he rises and sinks
forever and ever. His arms and fin-
gers will grow long and gnarled, like
the roots of a mangrove tree.”
Wood in Disguise
Material which seems to be a ver)
éoarse stone, used for decorative pur-
poses In large public buildings, is really
a weod composition, a contractor ex-
plained. The wood is ground up and
chemically treated, then pressed into
strips. When prepared. it looks like
stone, and adds decorative value to
almost any building. It is deceptive to
an uninitiated person, however, to
watch a cdrpenter or other workmam
saw this “stone” into strips or trim
off a corner with a knife,
Revenue From Cards
Fhe Peruvian government, through
the Tax Collecting company, its owa
monopoly, reserves the right to import
playing cards, according to aa execu-
tive decree of February, 1924, A fine
of from § to 50 Peruvian pounds is im-
posed for [Illegal transportation of
playing cards. oo
The forests retreated before
FOR AND ABOUT WOMEN.
DAILY THOUGHT.
Do you ask to be the companion of no-
bles? Make yourself noble, and you shall
be. Do you long for the conversation of
the wise? Learn to understand and you
shall hear it.—Ruskin.
Hat crowns soar higher and higher.
The only hat which lacks a very high
crown today is the small beretta type,
and even this has a notably high up-
turned brim. :
While the vogue for alligator and
snakeskin—often briliantly dyed—is
at its height here come silver and gold
leathers. The latter are reported to
be chiefly for facings.
Silk muslin is being used for mid-
summer lingerie, and a dainty as well
as practical choice it is. In pale
shades as blue, lavender and yellow,
this dotted soft material is most at-
tractively made up into underthings
with trimmings of white or black lace.
Though the beltless frock of today,
| as translated into American styles, is
! straight and slim as a wand, yet it
‘has its mitigations. These come in
clever plaitings at the sides, or in a
swirl of ruffles.
in bathing rub the face gently with
: some pure cold cream or white vase-
i line. When you return it is easily
washed off and the skin is perfectly
clear of blemish or burn from the hot
‘rays of the sun.
Every one knows the comfortable
‘ feeling which results from a hot bath
| after a hard day’s work. That feeling
{is enhanced when the bath is made
i fragrant by the addition of a muslin
! bag of powdered orris root, about a
| tablespoonful in a bag, and a dessert-
i spoonful of benzoin, which is a bal-
i sam.
| The aromatic and perfumed atmos-
! phere that reigns in your bathroom is
delicious, soothing and mildly stimu-
lating.
rather to be chosen than great lands.
Jack of all suits is master of none.
A fool and his aces are soon parted.
_ It’s a long suit that has no return-
ing.
Take care of the trumps and the
tricks will take care of themselves.
A little 10-ace is a dangerous thing.
Bridge table conversations corrupt
good manners.
A woman is known by the trumps
she keeps.
The wages of bridge is debt.
The proof of the bidding is in the
beating.
All honor is not without profit, save
in the dummy.
An old writer says that “the blue
eye is the eye of truth.” Most of us
have a weakness for the blue-eyed
i have sailors so often blue or blue-
gray eyes? They are usually men of
open and genial character, so that the
old saying seems true in their case!
; But blue eyes must not be too pale;
in that case their owners are rather
too simple, and if the eyes are re-
markably pale they denote selfishness.
The dark blue eye is the rarest of
ly strong and forcible character. And
its owner often has a magnetic charm.
Combine such eyes with red gold hair,
and you have a beauty of marvelous
type and attraction.
Brown eyes are most popular, gray
eyes most trusting, and really black
eyes rare, and not invariably trust-
worthy. The eye of most character
and originality is found in the curious
hazel and in the shade called green.
The owners of hazel or green eyes are
seldom, if ever, quite ordinary hum-
drum folks; red hair accompanies
such eyes, and the red haired man or
woman is always one to be reckoned
‘with in life.
Pongee may be made to look like
new, no matter how many times it is
washed, if it is washed properly. First
it should be rubbed and squeezed gen-
sy with the hands in a suds made of
luke-warm water and a good white
soap. When quite clean, it should be
rinsed also in luke-warm water sever-
al times and the water squeezed out
gently, not wrung out. When per-
fectly dry, instead of sprinkling it,
rub or squeeze the pongee gently with
the hands until it is well crumpled.
This removes any hard or deep wrin-
kles. Iron then with a very hot iron
and your pongee will look as fresh as
new.
Since this newly decorative spread
is always removed at bedtime, all
sorts of materials are suitable for its
making; and since real effects is now
valued as highly in the bedroom as in
the more formal rooms, the dainty
sprigged chintz of the first venture-
some counterpane has given way
quickly where possible to daring col-
ors and unique design. :
More sumptous is the taffeta coun-
terpane. Taffeta bedspreads are much
in vogue, and for those who have
homes on a somewhat elegant scale,
there is no better selection. This bed-
spread may be simple; when finished
the top is the size of the top of the
bed; the flounce may be cut in two
parts if desired, the under ruffle join-
ed above the binding on the inner side
of the upper ruffle. The pillow may
show an unusual ruffle coming out
from under the scalloped edge.
The bedroom illustrated has a Chi-
nese print counterpane with a green
taffeta flounce. The whole room is
remarkably beautiful with its oyster
gray walls, black furniture, deep piled
taupe carpet, green jasper sateen up-
overdrapes, and gray Georgette glass
curtains edged with corn color. Coral
shaded fights and green and gray
hooked rugs complete the scheme.
Boiled Coffee Frosting.—Mix two
cnpfuls of sugar, half a cupful of very
strong black coffee, one-eighth of a
teasnoonful of cream of tartar,
tablespoonfuls of cream and one ta-
blespoonful of butter. Boil together
without stirring to 240 degrees, or
the soft ball stage, remove from the
fire and add a few drops. of vanilla
extract. Cool until tepid and beat
steadily until thick enough to spread.
FARM NOTES.
—In 1920 Pennsylvania had 3,632
pure bred horses, 81,290 pure bred
cattle, 15,781 pure bred sheep, and
34,775 pure bred swine on the farms.
—Tests of weed killers, to deter-
mine whether they measure up to the
claims of the manufacturers, will be
made by the Pennsylvania Department
of Agriculture.
—About 55,000 individual specimens
of Pennsylvania insect life are in the
collection of the Bureau of Plant In-
dustry. Many of them were found
during nursery inspections.
—According to the last census,
Pennsylvania has more than 6,500,000
bearing apple trees. This is a de-
crease of about a million trees below
the figures quoted for 1910.
—Pennsylvania is the third nurse-
ry State in the Nation. It is surpass-
ed only by New York and California.
There are 264 commercial nurseries
on the State’s inspection list, and they
cover about 4,000 acres.
—If you have any space left in the
garden plant some pop corn and navy
Before going out into the hot sun or
Bridge Maxims.—A good partner is ;
! child or person. By the way, why
all eyes; it is the sign of an unusual-
! beans now. Both of these require a
long season to reach maturity. White
Rice, Golden Queen and Tom Thumb
are popular varieties of pop corn.
_—Reports indicate that there is
likely to be a scarcity of good tobac-
co plants in Pennsylvania. Good seed
1s scarce and the stand is none too
good in many beds. Growers are urg-
ed to take good care of the plants they
have.
|, —Be sure to hit the apple red bug
in the calyx spray. Don’t wait for
; them to arrive. Use one pint of nico-
+ tine in 100 gallons of dilute summer
strength lime sulphur, adding ar-
| senate of lead to control the coddling
| —Milk from tuberculosis cattle may
| spread disease to any animals drink-
ling the milk. It should never be fed
| without being heated at least to scald-
ing temperature, or held at 145 de-
grees F. for 30 minutes. To be cer-
| tain of safety, it is best as a practical
measure, to boil the milk.
—To reduce danger of bloatin
cattle and sheep should be given 2
good fill of dry feed, particulary
roughage, before they are turned on
green forage, such as red clover or
{alfalfa. If some dry roughage is
convenient for them in the pasture
. they often correct, of their own aec-
cord, tendencies to bloat. Dew and
rain increase the danger of bloating.
| —Now is the time to plan for
soiling crops to help out when pas-
tures get short next summer. Oats
and peas will thrive, give good yields
and make a good crop for soiling
purposes. Any surplus makes an ex-
i cellent quality of hay. A field of
{corn convenient to the barn or pas-
i ture will be found useful for green
feed for the dairy herd for late sum-
mer. Stowells Evergreen Sweet is a
good variety for this purpose.
—Thorough washing of the milking
machine is essential in the production
of clean milk. All parts of the ma-
chine coming in contact with milk
should be sterilized with steam or boil-
ing water every day. An ordinary
wash boiler can be used to good ad-
vantage. The parts are placed in the
boiler with the lid on and the water
heated to 190 degrees. The boiler is
then removed from the stove and the
parts left in the water until the next
milking.
—The soy bean is a friend in need
. where clover will not catch and hu-
‘mus is required before successful
farming can be carried on. Soy bean
hay is high in protein, and has as high
carbohydrate and higher fat content
than alfalfa. It is palatable. Cattle
and sheep like it as forage hay, or in
a silage combination with corn. The
soy bean plants are nitrogen-gather-
ers, and when a growth of this crop
is turned under the next year’s corn
crop will be as great as on clover land.
; About one peck will seed an acre on
| well-inoculated soil, and a wonderful
| growth is seen in 10 weeks. Seed ma-
: tures in 90 to 100 days.
i —Any system of farm management
. that does not provide for sufficient
i vegetable matter to replace the humus
| that is burned and washed out of the
soil every year will be unsatisfactory
In maintaining the yield of crops. Na-
ture unaided by the farm manager,
cannot replace the humus so necessary
in maintaining plants in seasons of
drought. Cover crops, catch crops,
pasture crops, use of manure, and
other means of increasing the vegeta-
ble matter iy the soil will be necessa-
ry on most farms. All vegetation
cannot be removed from the soil and
the humus supply remain sufficient
for normal yields. Suitable mechan-
ical and the proper physical condi-
tions will be imperative for soil main-
tenance, to say nothing of soil im-
provement.
—Fruits and vegetables produced
on many Pennsylvania farms are be-
ing sold from roadside stands. Nu-
merous farmers will use this method
of marketing for the first time. The
Bureau of Markets of the State De-
partment of Agriculture offers the
following suggestions based on the
experience of others:
Such a business can only be devel-
oped successfully through satisfied
customers. Graded products, attract-
ively packed and displayed, are the
foundation on which a permanent bus-
iness must be built. Most of the suc-
cessful roadside stands have acquired
customers through the recommenda-
tion of patrons who had been satis-
fied with previous purchases.
Prices should be set somewhere be-
tween the return that the farmer re-
i
four | er the daily sales,
ceives at wholesale and the prices
prevailing at stores in near-by towns
and cities. Freshness and uniformity
holstery, green taffeta window draw of product will do much to bring back
curtains with black-grounded figured ' customers,
providing prices are rea-
sonable.
Customers should understand that
all of the receipts at a roadside mar-
ket are not profits. Aside from the
costs of production, returns should at
least be suMficient to cover cost of
packing and the time of the person
who is selling the produce. The larg-
the lower the ex-
pense of selling per package.
The wider the variety of products
offered on the stand, the greater will
be the inducement to the purchaser to
patronize it. More customers mean
more sales and therefore more profits
to the farmer.