—— SS UE ——— ~ Democratic Beworalic atc INK SLINGS. — Here it is thirty-eight days after the opening of the fishing season and we haven’t caught a trout. Is it be- cause we have lost our cunning or pep or might it be because our private bootlegger deserted us last season? — After all, Bellefonte is a pretty nice old town. You can search the country over and find few that carry their one hundred and twenty-four years with an air of more substantia- bility, respectability and well set-up looks. —The Methodist general conference in session at Springfield, Mass., has lifted the church ban on certain forms of amusements and thereby removed the possibility of further technical charges that thousands of its mem- bers are hypocrites. —The one nice thing about the sc- lection of Senator Pat Harrison, of Mississippi, as temporary chairman of the forthcoming Democratic Na- tional convention is this: What Pat has to say he will say in a way that no one can misunderstand. —TIt remains to be seen how much active interest Mr. McCormick will have in the welfare of the Democrat- ic party in Pennsylvania now that he is no longer in a position to distrib- ute the patronage and withhold his o. k. from all who declined to eat out of has hand. —Now we know that “Gaston and Alfonse” were only mythical French characters. The discourtesy = with which their countrymen treated the American Rugby team last Sunday proves beyond peradventure that the fine manners of the French are more imagined than real. — Neither Mitch Palmer nor Jim- mie Blakeslie were in Harrisburg to help Vance on Tuesday. Mitch is far sighted enough to have seen the hand- writing on the wall, but as for Jim- mie: Well, it seems to us that had he been there to light a cigarette and think a while he might have saved the Earl of Rosegarden like he once imagined he saved Wilson. —Senator David Reed says he “is sick at heart” over the passage of the soldiers’ bonus bill over the Presi- dent’s veto. The Senator was a sol- dier. He'll get some bonus, of course, ‘but he doesn’t need it. What he is re- ally “sick at heart” about is that the Mellon tax bill didn’t get through so he wouldn’t have so much income tax ‘to put up for the boys who do need the bonus. —Talking about singing swan songs, the board of trustees of the Bellefonte hospital made a choral of it Tuesday night when they resigned in a body, to take effect the moment their successors are elected’ That moment will never come, however. For the Bellefonte hospital is ebbing its useful life away and by June 9th will have passed into eternity. After that it will have re-incarnation as the Centre County hospital. —The Nanty-Glo Journal looks with suspicion on Strassburger’s ex- penditure of $70,000 to make himself a delegate-at-large to the Republican National convention. It opines that large sums were probably paid to election boards in Philadelphia and Pittsburgh to count up a big lead for him. The Journal is probably not far off in its opining, but we fail to re- call any suspicion on its part as to the manner and purpose for which the Pinchots spent nearly double that sum only two years ago. —County chairman G. Oscar Gray voted for Nesbit for National com- mitteman on the first ballot and when Nesbit withdrew from the race threw his vote to Guffey on the third ballot and thereby contributed to the de- feat of Judge Bonniwell. Guffey and Bonniwell are both wet, so there was no choice on that score, but since the Guffey faction secured the State chair- man in the person of John H. Bigelow, of Hazleton, it might have been bet- ter politics to have given the Nation- al committeeman honor to Bonniwell. —Do you know what a rope-walk is? Some weeks ago a correspondent mentioned the “rope-walk” and the “footless boy” as having been objects of interest in Bellefonte away back in the forties. We thought the “rope- walk” referred to some sort of a swinging bridge over a chasm or— perchance—a primitive amusement device where the early Bellefonters met to measure their equilibristic skill. Tuesday night we learned that our imagination had led us about as far afield as it was possible to go. “The rope-walk” was a place up in the “Pine woods” near the Friends bury- ing ground, where rope was made and the long shed in which material was laid to be twisted into rope was called, in those days, a rope-walk. —Anyway the meeting of the Dem- ocratic State Central committee in Harrisburg, on Tuesday, was snappy enough to convince any one that the party is far from being dead. And the fact that the delegates fought hard and won or lost in good spirit is a hopeful augury of the future. If chairman Bigelow can only persuade the Democrats of Pennsylvania to put the success of the party before per- sonal prejudice as to “Old Guard” or “Reorganizer” affiliations, wet or dry convictions, or religious principles, which Mrs. Renshaw very properly said should be taken care of in their churches, there will soon be a virile Democracy in Pennsylvania again. A party at least formidable enough to constitute a threat that will save the State from the rapacious plundering ( of the opposition machine. i STATE RIGHTS AND FEDERAL UNION. VOL. 69. BELLEFONTE, PA. MAY 23. 1924. NO. 21. Democratic Committee Reorganized. | The Democratic State committee met for reorganization on Tuesday at Harrisburg, with every seat occupied. It was the most inspiring event in the recent history of the party and the most promising. There was present that wholesome competition for the favors of the party that indicates deep seated interest while the absence of asperity guarantees harmony. There were two candidates for the of- fice of chairman, Charles A. McAvoy, of Norristown, and John H. Bigelow, of Hazleton, both amply qualified and admirably equipped for the important service. Mr. Bigelow was elected by a, vote of seventy-one to forty-one and by subsequent vote the election was made unanimous. The sharpest contest was for the honorary office of member of the Na- tional committee. Three candidates were named for this office and the friends of each worked intensively but without bitterness for victory. The candidates were Joseph F. Guffey, of Pittsburgh, present incumbent; Judge Eugene C. Bonniwell, of Philadelphia, and Harrison Nesbit, of Pittsburgh, at present treasurer of the National committee. After the second ballot the name of Mr. Nesbit was with- drawn and Mr. Guffey was chosen on the third ballot by a vete of sixty- seven to forty-five. Upon motion of Judge Bonniwell’s floor manager the vote was made unanimous and when the committee completed its work it was in perfect harmony. Upon assuming the chair Mr. Bige- low delivered an eloquent address out- lining his policies and plans for the impending campaign. The other offi- cers of the, committee were chosen ‘without contest. The women members of the committee cast their votes for the different candidates and partici- pated in the deliberations of the com- mittee like veterans. The proceed- ings were earnest and interesting from beginning to end and marked a most auspicious beginning of a cam- | paign which ought to result in great gains for the party in members of Congress, State Senate and Represen- tatives in the Legislature. Chairman — Secretary Mellon assures the country that he will not resign. The advantage of controlling the finances is so great that Andy will hang on to it until he is kicked out. Bank Books Hold Secrets. One of the reasons for the refusal of Mal Daugherty to produce for ex- amination the books of his Washing- ton Court House bank was revealed in the testimony of George Remus, “king of the bootleggers,” given be- fore the Senate committee on Friday and Saturday of last week. Remus paid some $250,000 or $300,000 to At- torney General Daugherty’s friend, Jesse Smith, for the double purpose of securing permits to remove whis- key from warehouses and protecting Remus from punishment in the event that he should be discovered and ar- rested. It is believed that the books of the Daugherty bank would show deposits corresponding in amounts and dates to the statement of pay- ments to Smith. The bootlegging operations of Re- mus amounted to millions of dollars. He was a Chicago lawyer before the | Volstead law opened up the avenues of illicit traffic in booze and his ac- quaintance with Daugherty and Smith presented the opportunities for ac- quiring wealth. His first step was to buy up distilleries with stocks in bond. After securing such properties in Ohio, Kentucky and Indiana, his next step was to procure permits in the names of fictitious drug and med- icine companies in various sections. Thus equipped he needed protection and found Jess Smith with an office in the Department of Justice in Wash- ington “willing to oblige.” He paid Smith liberally but was finally arrest- ed, convicted and sentenced. Remus is no piker and even after his commitment to the Atlanta fed- eral penitentiary he continued to pay Smith until death by suicide or other- | wise cancelled the contract. Nobody challenges the truth of the statements of Mr. Remus, and it is probably as well for the late Attorney General that they are let go without contradic- tion. Remus states that he has at his office in Chicago the cancellel checks to prove his payments. Tt is true that he did not hand checks to Smith pay- able to Smith. The Columbus crowd was too wise to be caught in that way. Remus made the checks payable to himself and they passed through the Daugherty bank into oblivion. ——1TIt may be remarked that the Republican State committee, in ses- sion on Tuesday, neglected to name Governor Pinchot as a “favorite son.” ——Of course the Republican com- mittee meeting was harmonious. Half Bigelow ‘may be glepended upon to | makes tlic mee! Bans a dozen men do the thinking for the entire organization. ‘ Coolidge to be Sacrificed. The Washington correspondent of the esteemed Philadelphia Record supplies a motive for the apparent purpose of the Republican leaders to “sacrifice” President Coolidge. With the patronage and Southern delegates at his command they sensed the im- possibility of preventing his nomina- tion and set about to dispose of him “finally and forever” by defeating him at the election. The correspond- ent in question writes: “So many Re- publican Senators belonging to the Senate oligarchy had groomed them- selves for the White House, after their success in nominating the late Warren G. Harding, that there seems to be a secret grudge within the bo- soms of several of the so-called “ad- ministration leaders” in Congress over Coolidge’s “luck.” There can be no other explanation. The basis for this impression is the adverse action of the Republican lead- ers in Congress upon legislation in which the President has expressed in- terest. Not a single proposition ad- vanced by the President in his mes- sage to Congress at the opening of the session has been approved by either House and on the one measure upon which he had-declared as his ul- timatum, the "Mellon" tax bill, both Houses voted adversely by large ma- jorities. If there were no other evi- dence of hostility toward the Presi- dent on the part of the “administra- tion leaders,” the vote in the Senate on the question of sustaining the veto of the Bursum pension bill would sup- ply one. Among those who voted to override the veto were Senators Wat- son, Smoot, Fess, Willis and Curtis, who is the Republican whip of the chamber. On the vote to pass the Bursum bill over the veto in the House the Republican leaders were almost a unit against the President and the align- ment on the question of overriding the veto on the bonus bill in the House revealed the same opposition. Every Senator and Representative in Congress knows that in thus flouting the President’s wishes in legislation “tém. If they were op g his nomination there would be expressed a reason for their attitude in legisla- tion. But they are urging his nomi- nation and encouraging his ambition to become the party candidate while providing ammunition for his enemies in future. Coolidge is a “load” too burdensome to carry. ——-Anyway the State committee meeting on Tuesday revealed a mili- tant Democracy in Pennsylvania and if it can be harmonious it will mean something. et em fr e———— Revenue Bill Completed. The conferees representing the two chambers of Congress have finally ironed out the differences on the tax bill and information comes from Washington that the measure thus agreed on will be approved by the President. The Senate has yielded to the House somewhat on the surtax question. The House bill fixed the rate on $200,000 incomes at 37% per cent. and the Senate bill named 40 per cent. The conferees agreed upon 38 per cent. The Mellon bill set the figure at 25 per cent. Upon small in- comes the Senate rate was adopted which is considerably lower than that of the House bill. The committee eliminated the provision for making income tax returns public. While the measure was under con- sideration Secretary Mellon protested vehemently that the adoption of any measure other than the Mellon bill would cause a treasury deficiency and that to avert such a calamity the President would be obliged to veto such legislation. While making no open declaration on the subject the President encouraged the public to be- lieve the story. Probably there was a double reason for this. Both the President and the Secretary were anx- ious to relieve big incomes from a fair share of tax burdens and to prevent the passage of the soldiers’ bonus bill. The late President Harding was influenced to veto the bonus measure by that tale of woe a year ago. The bonus bill was passed over the President’s veto last Saturday and the compromise revenue bill was agreed to by the committee on Tues- day. Nevertheless on Wednesday the President indicated that he will ap- prove the revenue measure and the Secretary declared that a tax reduc- tion of 25 per cent. for 1923 may be made. If this means anything it in- dicates that both the President and the Secretary were deliberately try- ing to deceive the public when they were urging the Mellon bill and op- posing the bonus bill. This is an un- usual attitude for the President and the Secretary to assume. So far as information is obtainable no other President has done such a thing. ———— WE ————— —When you see it in the “Watch- man” you know it’s true. he is making votes against the Presi- dent in his contest for e ion to aj the veterans. 2 rm. I express the hopes of the people. Harrison a Wise Choice. The committee on arrangements for the Democratic National convention, which will assemble in New York on the 24th day of June, has wisely chosen Senator Pat Harrison, of Mis- sissippi, to be temporary chairman. By tradition this is the most import- ant officer of the convention. Under an unwritten but universally recog- nized law of politics the speech of the temporary chairman of a party con- vention sounds the key note of the party policies, not only of the cam- paign but of the party in the event it is successful. In selecting Sena- tor Harrison to discharge this import- ant service no mistake has been made. He is not only able and eloquent but he is courageous and wise. The only Southern statesman who has been called to this service of a po- litical party since the Civil war was | John Sharp Williams, a predecessor of Pat Harrison as Senator in Congress, for Mississippi, who presided over one of the National conventions that nominated Grover Cleveland for Pres- ident. In the Baltimore convention which nominated Woodrow Wilson Olie James, of Kentucky, sounded the keynote and performed the service with great satisfaction to the Demo- crats of the country. But Kentucky is not a Southern State, though it was slave territory before the Civil war. It is a border State in the mat- ter of sectionalism and though Demo- cratic as a rule slips sometimes. Mississippi never does. The selection of Senator Harri- son as temporary presiding officer of the New York convention is a happy solution of what might have been a vexed problem. He is a partisan of no candidate for the Presidential nom- ination and is entirely satisfactory to all and the friends of each. He is so capable and thoroughly grounded in the principles of the party that no one needs to worry over what he will say. The Republican party tried out three or four candidates for the office in their convention and finally selected an Ohio banker who will do and say whatever. Wall Street wants done or said, regardless of the farmers and the veterans. But Pat Harrison will | Not enough members of bor- ough council could be gotten together on Monday evening to constitute a quorum. In fact this was the third consecutive regular meeting night that not enough members showed up for the transaction of business, the last regular meeting having been held on April 7th. Verily some of the present councilmen are not taking their job very seriously. Calcide Rock Found on the Behrer Farm. It will be recalled that some months ago C. C. Hassinger, of Norristown, secured an option on the Jacob Behrer farm in the upper end of Buffalo Run valley. It was his purpose to pros- pect for calcide rock which was sup- posed to underly the property. Cal- cide rock is a crystalline formation of the native limestone, is cream white in color and harder than marble, being susceptible to a polish that produces a lustrous glassy surface. The Pennsylvania Drilling Co., of Pittsburgh, has been at work on the farm for some time and evidently the rock has been found in quantity, for, on Tuesday, we received, from Mr. W. E. Hartsock, a piece of core from the drill. It is 1% inch in diameter, four inches long, a beautiful cream white and heavy, almost as the same bulk in lead would be. — Senator Johnson has “releas- ed” most of the delegates to the Re- publican convention who had been in- structed for him. It may be said, however, that that will make no dif- ference in the result of the ballot. A dispatch from Washington early in the week stated that Hon. Cyrus E. Woods had preferred the re- quest to be relieved of his appoint- ment as Ambassador to Japan. No reason was given. Secretary Mellon complains that Governor Pinchot was too indefi- nite in his recent Massachusetts speech. Probably the Governor will oblige him by specifying some of his delinquencies. —Who can blame the “Afaletics” for digging their way into new quar- ters. They have been in the cellar so long that any old place—even if it be a sub-cellar—must look good to them. ——The Senate has again given the public assurance that “agriculture is the country’s basic industry,” but still neglects to pass any of the relief measures the farmers want. S—————— A A ——— ——Bank deposits in Pennsylvania for the year ending on the 31st March amounted to $2,068,187,9- 5, but a good deal of it was spent during | ate. | ation by a committee of his fellow- many years. Mr. the year. Executive Encroachments. From the Philadelphia Record. It is customary to speak of Sena- torial encroachments upon the prerog- atives of the President, or the execu- tive branch of the government, but re- cent events at Washington seem to in- dicate that in this long-continued struggle, which is almost as old as the United States itself, the Presi- dent and the departments under his control have taken the aggressive in a way which cannot be defended. The most flagrant and spectacular move of this kind was the conspiracy hatched up between Daugherty, while Attor- | ney General, and the Republican Na- tional committee to “get” Senator Wheeler on a framed-up indictment, with a view to discrediting his expo- sure of the rottenness in the Depart- ment of Justice. The tactics pursued ! in this case were worthy of the French police under the notorious Fouche, and were a direct attack upon the in- dependence and integrity of the Sen- Mr. Wheeler's complete exoner- members, including such eminent Sen- ators as Messrs. Borah and McNary, may not save him from the indignity of having to appear in court to defend himself against a criminal charge, but it certainly represents the view taken by the general public of this outrageous and un-American proceed- ing. Under Daugherty no Senator or Congressman was safe from the es- pionage of Burns and his satellites, including Gaston B. Means, who testi- fied on the witness stand to having broken into Senator LaFollette’s com- mittee room and rummaged through his papers in an effort to find some- thing on which charges could be bas- ed -because of his activity in initiat- ing the Teapot Dome exposure. Much of a piece with this was the President’s pardon of a Chicago pris- oner, which was an invasion of the rights of the judiciary and has receiv- ed a severe castigation from two Fed- eral Judges. It is only fair to Mr. Coolidge to say that in this matter he seems to have been misled by that evil genius, Daugherty, who suppressed essential facts and played politics, as usual. A great deal of American history revolves around the continual clashes between the President and the Senate. They began in Washington’s day, were acute in Madison’s Administration, and have been almost ineessant for Loo Mery Herding eving been a Senator himself, thought he could reduce this friction to a mini- mum by conciliatory co-operation, but he failed miserably, and it was under him that the flagrant abuses of Daughertyism flourished most rankly. The tension between President and Senate seems to be particularly acute just now, and Mr. Coolidge’s ill-ad- vised course in some matters is large- ly responsible for this. Both sides are jealous of their rights, and resent any supposed invasion of them. And so it will probably be as long as the republic lasts. It is not an unhealthy sign. Better this suspicious attitude than one of servility and surrender of Dretogesives granted by the Constitu- ion. In Revolt Against Coal. From the Rochester Herald. Financial reviews comment on the fact that thousands of miners are out of work, particularly in the bitumin- ous fields. Always on the verge of overproduction, the soft coal miners are now facing a crisis due to the slackening of demand for their pro- duct. Business is going to the non- union mines, where wages are lower than in the union fields. But there is no assurance that active demand will continue long, even in the non-union area. Several causes are operating to check the demand for coal. One is the approach of the summer season, when less coal will be needed for do- mestic heating. Another is a noticea- ble falling off in activity in the steel industry, one of the heaviest consum- ers of coal. Immense hydroelectric developments are beginning to com- pete seriously with coal in the North- eastern and Southern States and that factor will become increasingly effect- ive from this time on. _ In addition, coal men are discover- ing that thousands of houses in North- ern cities are being equipped with oil burner heating devices, many new groups of residences recently erected in Chicago suburbs having been built without furnace or coal bins, but with a neat little oil heater in the corner of the basement, which is fitted up for use as rooms. As this has the dou- ble advantage of dispensing with coal and ashes and at the same time add- ing to the living-room capacity of the dwelling, the idea promises to be gen- erally adopted. Almost everywhere the coal men may look, they see a public in revolt against the domination of mine fuel. As to whether or not the rebellion will be successful depends on the effect- iveness of substitutes for coal. No one who has considered the question believes that coal can be dispensed with entirely, for its by-products are in great and increasing demand. But that coal will be burned less and less in its raw state seems to be indicated by all the signs of the times. ——Mr. Coolidge’s campaign man- ager boasts of the strength of the can- didate in the South as shown by del- egate elections. But only postmas- ters and revenue officials vote at the Republican primaries in the South. Amm———A A —— —Subscribe for the “Watchman.” SPAWLS FROM THE KEYSTONE. —James M. Gibson, 82 year old Civil war veteran, was asphyxiated by artificial gas from an open jet at his home in Milton on Monday. — Nicola Gingliani, of Lewistown, has received $16,000 in settlement from the Pennsylvania Railroad company for the loss of his left arm last november 22nd. —The State and Federal inheritance taxes on the estate of the late William Decker, of Montgomery, will be more tham $100,000. It was the largest estate that ever passed through the office of the reg- ister of wills of Lycoming county, aggre- gating over a million and a half. —A bolt of lightning following a radie aerial into the home of M. R. Harman, at Berwick, broke ten windows, brought down plastering in five rooms, tore off patches of the roof and weather boarding and set fire to the house, but did nof, in- jure ten members of the two families who were in rooms on the first floor. —Mrs. Anna Halamin, Northu:nberland county’s oldest resident, died Sunday night at her home in Roaring Creek, near Mount Carmel, at the age «f 108 years. Until several weeks ago, she walked every Sunday to Slabtown, a distance of several miles, to attend church services. Death was due to infirmities of old age. She is survived by one son, John Halamin, with whom she resided. —Borough engineer F. E. Colony, of Re- novo, has been in conference with State officials at Harrisburg on the matter of the building of an overhead bridge in the eastern part of Renovo, and has received assurance that the bridge will be complet- ed before January 1, 1925. The State, Clinton county, Renovo and the Pennsyl- vania Railroad company will pay for the bridge, which will cost nearly $200,000. —A record perhaps unequaled in the State has been made by Miss Emma Ben- son, of Martinsburg, Blair county, who re- tires from active work as a school teacher this spring. She has taught for 41 years and in all that time never has missed a single day on account of illness. At a re- ception attended by teachers, former pu- pils and citizens she was presented with $150 in gold and Martinsburg has named a school building in her honor. —C. G. Weaver, in charge of the New York Central roundhouse at Newberry Junction, was found on Friday night along the tracks with a bullet hole in his head. He died in the Williamsport hos- pital shortly afterward. The investigation of the police resulted in the arrest of John Goline, 60 years old, Joe Izzo, 31, and Pete Simali, 12, who had been shooting at a mark on company property about eighty yards from where Weaver was found. —Directors and stock holders of the Clinton Gas and Oil company have decid- ed to decline the offer of $165,000 for the sale of its holdings saying no disposition would be made for less than $200,000, and then only by a favorable vote of the board of directors. F. M. Noecker has been re- elected president; W. S. Shaffer, vice- president, and Dan D. Kline, secretary and treasurer. C. E. Updegraff and W. H. Fdkins were added to the board of direc- tors. —Fred MacGregor, aged 20 years, and his brother Vaughn, aged 14, both of Flemington, found the body of three year old Mack Meyers, of Flemington, on a sand bar under a foot of water near the bank in Bald Eagle creek, on Sunday. The child had been missing from his home since Monday of last week, when he was playing in the yard at his home, between two streams. Searching parties, believing he had fallen into one of the streams had been diligently hunting for the body all of last week. —A reward of $1000 has been offered by officials of the Tulpehocken Reformed church, west of Stouchsburg, Berks coun- ty, for the arrest of vandals who broke into the church Sunday night and stole a brand new carpet from the floor of the Sunday school room and a cradle kept in the infant department room. Chairs were smashed and books and papers strewn about the place. The church is near the Lebanon line, and officers in both counties were notified. Harry W. Kilmer, janitor of the church, discovered the thefts. —Because Altoona and Tyrone have been wiped off the William Penn highway by the State Highway Department, citizens are preparing and sending to Governor Pinchot resolutions of protest. The Blair county Motor, Kiwanis and Lions clubs have adopted such resolutions. They point out that Altoona and Tyrone were on the original William Penn route and ought to be kept there. The explanation of the Highway Department is that it wants di- rect connection for the heavy travel, hence selected the Water Street-Williamsburg- Hollidaysburg route. —When pastor John Lawrence, of Ty- ler, Clearfield county, hit one of his par- jshioners on the jaw some time ago, he did not think it would cost him $3500. Mary Levandusky, the person injured, and her husband, sued for $10,000 damages. When the case was called for trial at Clear- field, last Saturday, the defendant failed to appear. After hearing the evidence, the court awarded the wife $2500 and the hus- band $1000. The plaintiffs declared that some months ago, when they called at their pastor’s home to make explanations in a certain matter, the minister hit Mrs. Levandusky. —Two gas strikes in Greene county have given impetus to early spring drilling in the southwestern corner of Pennsylvania. The largest of these was made on the D. T. Funk farm, near Ninevah, the Manu- facturers Light and Power company get- ting a 4,500,000 cubic foot producer. Oth- er wells are being located there. The Four Mile Gas company got a shallow sand well on the William Pratt farm, four miles east of Waynesburg, Pa. It is making 1,000,000 cubic feet. It is the fourth well of this type the company has drilled in on its lease east of Washington, Pa., all be- ing good producers. —Mary Freedline, aged 80 years, was burned to death and her daughter, Mrs. Blair Shultz, sustained serious injuries after rescuing her child when their home was destroyed by fire, on Wednesday of last week, at Mahaffey. Mrs. Shultz bare- ly escaped with her own life and that of her child when she attempted to rescue her mother. Blair Shultz, father of the child, had started a fire in the kitchen stove and gone to the barn to do some work. A short time later his wife went down stairs and found the lower floor in a blaze. She rushed back to save her child and mother but did not succeed in mov- ing the aged woman to a place of safety before the flames spread and cut off es- cape by means of the stairs. In despera- tion she threw her baby from a second floor window and jumped after, receiving serious injuries. “a - - A