Bruna iad.
Bellefonte, Pa, May 2, 1924.
Learned Astronomy by
Making Own Telescopes
How a group of mechanics. living
in Springfield, Vt., learned the science
oS astronomy by making their own
telescopes at home, is related in Popu-
lar Astronomy by Russell W. Porter.
Several of these machinists had their
own small workshops, located usually
in the cellars.of their homes,
“Interest did not stop with the com-
pletion of the telescopes,” says Mr.
Porter. “The telescope makers found
an old station on Hawks mountain,
just outside of the township, occupied
years ago in the government triangu-
lation of New England. They camped
on the mountain, built a substantial
tower and signal over the station.
“On another occasion they spent the
night on the summit of Mount
Ephraim, the highest point in the
township. This gathering, I believe,
is unique in the annals of astronomy.
“Throughout that night, from the
appearance of the first star unti!
dawn, these men were exploring the
heavens. It proved to be good see-
ing notwithstanding a stiff wind. The
light from a roaring campfire re-
vealed a circle of animated faces
listening intently to some celestial fact
just brought out at the eye-piece of
one of the instruments.”
How Hatives of Papua
Prepare Heads of Foes
In a recent issue of Man, Mr. K.
B. Riley gives an account of the
method of preparinz the heads of ene-
mies practiced at the village of Dorro
in Papua. After the flesh and Lrains
are removed a piece of rattan cane is
fixed to the bottom of the mummified
skull to take the place of the lower
Jaw and to act as a support for the
packing of the neck. It was difficult
to ascertain why the lower jaw is not
replaced. The explanation seems to
be that they prefer to hang this up
in the house, and keep it as a mark or
token of the owner's prowess in war,
after the mummified head has de-
cayed; but the lower jaw is some-
times replaced, being tied to the zygo-
mas, as with the rattan cane. Final-
ly, the head is dried, being fixed on
a wooden framework over a fire light-
ed for that purpose, and the hair is
pulled out as decomposition of the
skin advances.
Red Light Traps Insects
A means for combating the wingea
insect pests of tropical regions has '
been evolved, by means of which the '
flying bugs are lured into a deadly
bath of acid and either drowned or
asphyxiated by the fumes,
It was found that red light served
as an almost irresistible lure for the
night-flyers.
A red electric bulb, or a lantern
with a red globe, is placed near the :
vessel containing
As the pests fly to the light the fumes
destroy them even though they may
not actually fall into the bath.
To protect human beings from pos-
sible accidental contact with the acid
bath, the liquid is placed in a wide-
mouthed bottle, to which is attached
a funnel with a very broad flaring
cone,
over this funnel, and the insects,
stupefied by the acid fumes. fall into
it and so into the acid bath.—New
York World.
* Huge Crane Scale
Practically every day industria.
progress develops a new
weighing device or scale particularly
adapted to meet specific requirements.
United States government for the pur-
pose of measuring the pull on cables
used to hold an airship at its moor-
ings and this scale was immediately
adapted for the measuring of unusual,
heavy loads on cranes or booms where
weights or loads up to 10,000 pounds
are handled, assuring that the safe
working load is not exceeded, -and
thus eliminating dangerous overload-
ing and disastrous accidents. The
scale is of steel construction. Its ac-
curate action depends upon four ex-
tremely heavy springs. The dial is
15 inches in diameter.—Scientific
American.
Lae
3 For Squeaks
“I would I were a bird!” wailed the
fair girl at the piano.
“I would you were a box of axle
grease,” hissed the dark man under
the palm.
“I wonder what he means by that?
asked the lemon-haired maiden.
“He means that axle grease stops
screeching,” whispered the man in the
black suspenders.
The Best in the World
Maud—What excuse have you fou
doing such an unmaidenly thing as pro-
posing to Jack? Leap year, I suppose.
Ethel —Not at all—the golden rule,
~—Boston Transcript.
Good-Luck Charm
“Does a rabbit's foot really bring
good luck?”
“I should say so. My wife felt onc
in my pocket once and thought it was
a mouse.”
Against the Rules
Stone Age Poet (angrily)—Thew
why don’t you returp my panuscript?
Ditto Editor (coldly)—You inclosed
no ox-team.—Cornell Widow.
The light is suspended directly !
the acid solution. |
use for a:
A new scale was developed for the , temsively
Two or Three Plantings Will Assure the Industrious Cottage Gardener a Con-
tinuous Supply of Beans, One of the Most Welcome Treats That Come
From the Home Garden.
Back Yard Garden
and Its Problems
Soil, Seeds, Sunshine, Mois-
ture and Brains Among
Essentials.
Records kept through a period of
several years by about 300 cottage
gardeners indicated. or proved rather,
that a well-cultivated vegetable gar-
den pald them at the rate of about 85
cents an hour for their labor ard on
an acreage basis the returns at mar-
ket prices were about $850 an acre.
Not all the gardens yielded at this
rate, many of them not half that
amount, but a considerable number
gave higher results so that the aver-
age for those recorded was about $85
from a tenth-acre garden.
Results like the above are seldom
obtained in general farming or truck
growing and come only from intensive
When Hard Work Counts.
cultivation. Of all the land under cul-
tivation, however, the cottage or home
garden should be handled the most in-
and large yields secured.
According to the garden experts of
the United States Department of Agri-
culture, there are a few very impor-
tant points in the management of a
dividend-paying home garden.
Five ingredients, soil, seeds, sun-
shine, moisture and brains, must be
carefully and painstakingly biended |
in order to make the garden pay the
highest dividends. Without each one
of the ingredients the mixture will fall
flat and be recorded among the list
of failures, but with all five harmoni-
ously blended and backed by a rea-
sonable amount of work, the results
ere in nine cases out of ten most sat-
isfactory. The soil may be anything
from rocks to fine sandy or silt loam
or a mixture of all of them. Any soil
that is not too hopeless may be made
to produce, if enough manure, fertiliz-
ers, lime, wood ashes and labor are
expended upon it. Usually it is the
lot of the cottage gardcaer to take
whatever in the way of soil and loca-
tion fate has allotted to him and then
make the best of it. Manure and wood
ashes are hard to obtain, but commer-
cial fertilizers and lime can be had
in abundance. The labor he can sup-
ply himseif und credit it to much-
needed exercise if he feels so inclined.
Dead weeds, leaves, street sweepings,
where they do not contain oll, also
refuse frem the kitchen may be worked
into the soil to add organic matter.
Good seeds are just as essential as
good soil. Why go to all the trouble
of getting the soil in condition If
something worth while is not planted
upon it? Where can good seeds be
procured? Almost anywhere, of well-
established seed dealers, but there is
a great difference In seeds and it pays
to get the best even though the cost
is a little higher. If the garden is to
‘pay dividends the crops must be plant:
ed at the proper time and seeds
should be ordered early and be on
hand when wanted for planting.
for the greater part of the summer.
Should Profit by
His Own Mistakes
Careful Gardener Can Eas
ily Obviate Errors of
Past Season.
There is small hope for those who
do not profit by their mistakes. Ite-
cently in a meeting of about 150 home
gardeners, those present were asked
to recount some of the mistakes that
they made in the conduct of their gar-
dens last season. Here are some of
them, gathered by the United States
Department of Agriculture for the
benefit of the readers of the Cottage
Gardener columns. The first of these
gardeners to confess stated that the
greatest mistake he made was in
planting most of his crops too early
and before the ground had become
sufficiently warm. As a result many
of the seeds failed to grow and the
garden had to be planted over again
and was late in maturing. Another
of the gardeners said that his great-
est mistake was in not making several
plantings of certain crops such as
beans, corn, beets, lettuce, spinach,
ete. His mistake was in making but
one planting of each, then when the
crops were gathered he had nothing
more coming on. Successive plantings |
of many of the garden crops pay well. |
Poor preparation of the soil was the |
mistake made last year by a large
number of the gardeners who attended
the experience meeting. Persons who
have not had a farm or market garden
training seldom appreciate the need
of thoroughly preparing the soil be-
fore planting. Letting the weeds get
a start was the major mistake of an-
other group of the gardeners. The
time to kill weeds is when the seeds
first sprout in the soil and before they
become established. One gardener
said that his greatest mistake was in
allowing the bugs to get ahead of
him and that his crops were reduced
in yield as a result. Another gar-
dener stated that he did not arrange
his - garden properly and that the
taller crops shaded the low ones.
One planting of beans in the home
garden gives the family a taste—two
plantings gives them a fair supply—
and three plantings will provide plenty
Several hundred varieties of lettuce
are included in our American seed
trade catalogues, but two or three va-
rieties will give sufficient range for
family use, says the United States De-
partment of Agriculture. Head lettuce,
Planting Time at Hand.
such as Iceberg, New York, May King
and Big Boston, can be grown in the
early spring and late fall while the
weather is reasonably cool. Loose-
leaf lettuce, such as Black Seeded
Simpson, Grand Rapids and Cos or
Romaine, are more heat resistant than
the heading sorts,
Radishes have been grown ready for
the table in 14 days arter planting,
and three small plantings will give an
abundance of crisp radishes for the
family table from the middle of May
until the 1st of July In the latitude
of Washington, D. C.
Golden Bantam sweet corn, out of
the garden and over the fire and on
the table in less than an hour after it
Is pulled, is food for kings.
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ah km t's a a
Bulletin Announces Penn State Sum-
mer Session.
The fifteenth annual summer ses-
sion at The Pennsylvania State Col-
lege promises to be the most success-
ful ever held. The special catalogue
for the session has just been publish-
ed showing that over 275 separate
subjects will be taught by a faculty
of over 100 of the best known educa-
tors obtainable. Almost half of the
faculty will come from other institu-
tions.
The summer time beauty of the
Penn State campus and nearby moun-
tains make the college summer cours-
es more popular each year. But the
strong faculty and list of courses se-
cured by dean Will Grant Chambers
makes the session unusually attract-
ive to school teachers for whose spe-
cial benefit it is held. The session this
year will be held for six weeks, be-
ginning on Monday, July 7, with reg-
istrations on July 5th.
Among several special features list-
ed is a course in athletic coaching and
health education under the direction
of Hugo Bezdek. This feature was
started two years ago and is one of
the most popular of all courses. There
will also be French and Spanish hous-
es, two of the former being in charge
of Professor H. P. Williamson de Vis-
me. Other features are courses for
school nurses, speech correction and
expression, modern geography and a
course for library workers.
mean sansa free ———
Nothing But the Truth.
“Are you the defendant?” asked the
State’s attorney, addressing an old
Negro in the court room.
“No, sah, I ain’t. I’s got a lawyer
heah to do de defensi’.”
“Then who are you?”
“Yoh honah, I’se de gemman
dat
stole de chickens.” ;