Bmore Wad
" Bellefonte, Pa., January 25, 1924.
BATTLE OF LOOKOUT
MOUNTAIN.
By L. A. Miller.
Did you ever see Lookout moun-
tain? Possibly not. If you did, any
description that may be given of it
will fall short of your impressions,
and probably be at variance with
them, because they, the impressions
you received, depended largely upon
the angle from which you looked at
it. If you never have seen it, your
preconceived notions may be so dis-
turbed by an attempted description,
that you will have no well-defined
idea about it at all. When Ben F.
Taylor’s facile pen fails to produce a
perfect picture, it must be a difficult
task indeed. He said the mountain
was so many sided that nothing short
of a series of photugraphs would do
it justice.
The mountain, as viewed from
Stringer’s ridge, where a portion of
the Reserve Corps was camped, had
a very rugged appearance indeed. It
jutted out to the river and ran up
steep and rugged for 1200 feet; then
ledge upon ledge of overhanging, deep
fissured rocks completed the towering
height of 1450 feet at the point. To
the west it circled off around Kelly's
Landing, Whitesides, and what is now
little Pittsburgh, until it blended in
the distance with the big Raccoon.
To the left it presented an almost
straight side as far as the White
House, which was situated on a bench
where a vineyard had been planted.
A wagon road had been cut out of the
rock at the point where the base of
the mountain jutted into the river,
and above this was the railroad. On
the lower side of the railroad track
lay rocks as large as meeting houses,
that had been rolled down from the
cliff nearly a quarter of a mile above.
From the base to the top these mas-
sive rocks lay as though strewn by a
reckless giant hand.
‘The beard of trees that covered the
face of the mountain was streaked
here and there with furrows that had
been ploughed by these huge rocks
when they broke loose hundreds of
years ago. The base of the cliff mark-
ed the timber line, but from crevices
and projections grew vines and
shrubs. For the main part, however,
ithe rocky face rose perpendicularly,
or overhanging, and bare.
At the extreme point was a projec-
tion, separated into two prongs, by a
fissure. From one of these floated
ithe Confederate flag, and from the
other a “black-mouthed dog of war”
kept its sullen, tireless watch over
€Chattanooga and Moccasin Point.
It was here the rebels had their
principal signal station, as it was vis-
ible from all parts of the line. Gen-
«eral Bragg’s headquarters were just
across the valley to the east, while
‘that portion of his army which was
‘watching the lower valley lay imme-
«diately to the west. The messages
‘flashed across to Bragg’s headquar-
‘ters passed directly over the heads of
‘the Union forces in the Chattanooga
‘valley. So carefully were these sig-
nals studied by our signal corps that
‘the keys were frequently discovered
and the messages read.
Could Lookout mountain be taken?
“That ‘was the question that agitated
the army. At first it was considered
impregnable, but after a while an im-
pression began to spread that the
rocks could be scaled. A rumor got
out that a “forlorn hope” was wanted
to make the attempt, and nearly the
whole army wanted to join it.
The only chance would have been to
scale it by means of ladders, which
‘was impracticable, yet thousands of
men were ready to make the effort.
On the 23rd of November, 1863, three
divisions of Union troops went to
Kelly’s Landing and began putting
down a pontoon bridge.
"The rebels came down from Look-
out and up from the lower valley to
prevent a crossing, but the bridge
was completed and the men crossed
over; but not without some sharp
fighting. Thus a lodgment was gain-
ed en the south bank of the river, be-
dow the mountain. It was then sup-
posed that this force would fight its
way down to where a road crosses the
mountain and go up that way. The
sharp fight on the extreme left while
‘the crossing was being made indicat-
@d concerted action of the little army.
On the morning of the 24th every-
thing was astir by 4 o’clock. The air
was chill with a drizzling rain.
About 7 o’clock a strong force, under
General Howard, moved out on the
extreme left, and the forts in front
of Mission Ridge opened in fine style.
It looked as if an attack was to be
made along the entire line.
All at once, while everybody’s at-
tention was directed towards Mission
Ridge, a terriffic fusilade broke out to
the right of Lookout mountain. Gen-
eral Hooker had been assigned to the
command of three divisions of
«Generals Craft, Dodge Osterhaus,
with instructions to take the moun-
“tain. The fighting was furious for a
- few minutes, then the two lines were
seen entering the timber that skirt-
«ed the base of the mountain. For a
“while they were lost to view, but
ipxesently appeared above the rail-
%oad. Slowly and reluctantly the
Confederate line climbed up higher,
and slowly and determinedly the Un-
jon line pushed on after it, sweeping
everything before it.
The big guns at the point poured
down tons of iron, but at the lowest
depression the shots landed on the op-
posite side of the river and did no
harm, while our guns, on Moccasin
Point planted shells and solid shot al-
most anywhere along the face of the
mountain. The men dodged nimbly
from rock to rock and tree to tree, the
line reaching from the base of the
cliff to the railroad below. Slowly it
advanced, clearing the entire face of
the mountain as it went, until it had
passed the overhanging Point and
driven the enemy from the open
ground about the White House, and
held possession of the road, thereby
cutting off the retreat of those on the
mountain, except by the road leading
down to McLemore’s cove, ten miles
or more back.
‘ing next
That’s the way Lookout mountain
was taken, or at least it thus appear-'
ed to one posted in a position to take |
in the situation clearly. There was '
no battle above the clouds, as roman-
tic correspondents allege. Tufts of |
white fog would occasionally rise on |
the mountain side, mingle with the
smoke of the guns, and lazily float off.
As the sun went down, the wind fell,
until a perfect calm prevailed, and the
smoke settled around the base of the
cliff so densely that the ones on top
said they could not see through it.
The smoke settled thus on all battle-
fields. There were no clouds floating
below the cliff; the sun shone no more
brightly on the crest of Lookout than
it did on Mission Ridge or Moccasin
Point. ;
It may be cruel to spoil a number
of romantic stories and knock the
sentiment and simile out of the po-
ems which likened this event to the
handing down of the tables of stone
from Mount Sinai, accompanied by
terrific lightnings and terrible thun-
ders, but truth is truth, and must be
told, poetry or no poetry.
There was not much visible grand-
eur about the capture of Lookout, be-
cause there was but very little to see.
The guns from Lookout Point and
Moccasin smoked and thundered, but
all the stories about the line being
seen sweeping along in a solid pha-
lanx, the men marching shoulder to
shoulder, and the stars and stripes
marking the line like guideons on pa-
rade, are the veriest bosh. There
was no continuous line, but every man
for himself. It is a fact, however,
that when the morning sun revealed
the old flag fluttering from Point
Lookout, there arose a cheer that rang
from end to end of our line, and from
reserve to picket post. :
Lookout had fallen, and the big gun
that was wont to thunder out defi-
ance, changed its tone, and boomed
the victory until it was heard in five
States, and signaled the first advance
on Mission Ridge.
Fighting is bad business. It is ex-
tremely cruel; it is damnable; but
there is only room enough in our
glorious country for one flag; and
that is the “Stars and Stripes.” Men
may come and men may go, but the
old flag shall stay forever.
TEN NEW COMMANDMENTS FOR
GIRLS.
Ten commandments for girls have
been suggested by the Rev. W. Carson
Press, pastor of Evergreen Presby-
terian church, at Youngstown, Ohio.
The Rev. Mr. Press is a bachelor:
These are the ccmmandments:
I. Thou shalt not think that thou
art a wise bird or a chicken, for thou
art a woman made in the image of
God. Meditate upon this thought and
thou shalt have self-respect and gain
friends.
II. Thou shalt love the natural
and abhor the artificial; for natural
charms of 2 woman are noble, but the
artificial ones are cheap and can be
bought by any one at any ten cent
store.
III. Thou shalt be dainty, fragrant
and refreshing, and even more so, yet
not too much so; for even a child may
have more candy than is good for him.
IV. Observe the flowers opening
to the sun and give ear unto the song
of birds. Open the windows of thy
soul to Him Who made the flowers
and let not a bird beat you to it in
gratitude and praise.
V. Consider the autos, the lights,
the streets, the houses, the schools,
the liberty that others have toiled for
and that you enjoy. Use right the
good gifts of life and defend them and
you will be as welcome as the flowers
in May.
Go not with the Willie Boys
VI.
or the Wise Ones or any of that gang
for they step on the gas, exceed the
speed limit, get pinched or dump you
in the ditch.
VII. Thou shalt not pick out a
whale of a man and stick him for the
sirloin and the mushrooms when thou
shouldst not, but thou shalt be a good
sport and thus enjoy many days of
pleasant company.
VIII. Thou shalt not work the
languid eye or worship at the altar
of the vamp for in all these things
chickens come home to roost.
IX. Thou shalt not scoff at the
best fellow’s auto, when thou know-
ost it will take you there and bring
you home, nor say catty things about
your friends, for walls have ears and
you’ll be sorry.
X. Thou shalt not despise the hay-
seed or the overalls, but having had a
good time, thou shalt lay aside thy
chewing gum, get busy and make
dreams come true.
College Gifts Total $200,000 in One
Week.
Over $200,000 in gifts and pledges
were received by The Pennsylvania
State College last week. It was the
biggest financial week of its kind on
record at the college.
Most of this amount was in sub-
scription pledges from the college
alumni athletic advisory committee
and from the new students enrolled at
Penn State this year. The athletic
council pledged $110,000 towards new
physical education buildings; student
subscriptions totaled $80,000 and a
fund of $25,000 was received as a
loan fund for women students from J.
G. White of the class of 82. A. fund
of $1000 was established by Charles
Lanthrop Pack to provide an annual
prize for literary efforts of forestry
students.
$100,000 Given Towards State College
Gymnasium.
A subscription of $100,000 towards
the erection of a proposed physical
education building for men at The
Pennsylvania State College has been
made by the alumni athletic advisory
committee of the college. This is the
largest amount that has been pledged
to date in the college emergency build-
ing fund drive for $2,000,000 for stu-
dent health and welfare buildings.
The announcement was made by Hu-
go Bezdek, director of physical edu-
cation, acting for the committee. The
necessary amount of $500,000 requir-
ed for the building is now about half
pledged and an effort will be made to
complete the fund and start the build-
spring or summer. The
committee also voted $10,000 towards
the proposed women’s gymnasium.
FARM NOTES.
—Vigorous chicks come from eggs
laid by hens of good breeding and vi-
tality.
—Don’t throw or bury dead fowls
where there is a possibility of others
of the flock having a chance to eat the
diseased meat. Burn them.
—Poultry will pay for a lot of milk.
Where milk is fed to hens and chicks
freely, there is no need to furnish any
meat scraps or meat-meal mashes.
—Tune in on WPBA every Monday
night at eight o’clock and get the lat-
est farm “dope” from The Pennsylva-
nia State College. Good music, too!
—When you discover that there is
something wrong with some of the
fowls don’t stop your investigations
until you have discovered the trouble.
—~Gapes do not usually trouble tur-
keys as much as chickens, but tur-
keys sometimes pick up the gape
worms from ranging on soil which
has become infected from chicken
raising.
—The calf should be given milk of
uniform temperature from day to day.
Milk between 80 degrees to 100 de-
grees F. gives best results. Do not
give the calf milk that has started to
sour. The pail should be cleansed in
winter each time after using just as
well as it is cleansed in summer time.
—After the seed order arrives, it
is important to keep the seed in a dry
place where an even temperature is
maintained. Seeds will lose their ger-
minating power and vitality very rap-
idly in a damp place where the tem-
perature changes frequently. Dry-
ness is more important than tempera-
ture.
—Have you a small poultry flock in
your back yard? If so, there are four
main things to be looked for in your
small poultry house. These are plen-
ty of fresh air, plenty of sunlight, and
space enough to allow birds to exer-
cise and keep comfortable. All of
these things mean healthier birds and
more eggs.
—Are your incubators and brooder
stoves ready for the coming hatching
season? Now is the time to inspect
this equipment carefully and order
any necessary parts which will in-
crease the possibilities of a successful
season. Thermometers and control
wafers should be tested to see that
they record temperatures accurately.
it may be advisable to set up the ma-
chines and run a short test on them.
—E. M. Christen, swine specialist
of the agricultural extension depart-
ment of The Pennsylvania State Col-
lege, has resigned his position to be-
come secretary of the American Berk-
shire Association at Springfield, Ill-
inois. “Chris,” as he was generally
known by the swine men of the State,
has been associated with the college
for several years as a teacher of an-
joel husbandry and as swine special-
ist.
—Hens lay the majority of eggs
during their first two laying seasons,
and especially during their pullet
year, if they are early hatched. If a
hen lays well during her pullet year
she should be kept for another year
as a breeder. If she lays well during
her second year she should be kept
for another year as a breeder. The
older she is and the more culling she
survives the better, for then she has
proved that she has the vitality to
stand up under long-continued laying,
and consequently is valuable as a
breeder.
—With the approach of fall and
wet, cold weather, contagious roup,
say members of Iowa State college, is
one of the most dangerous diseases
that threaten flocks. It causes a
heavy loss not only from a high death
rate but also from the fact that it in-
terferes with egg production and
causes loss of vitality in breeding.
Contagious roup is easy to identify.
It starts with a thin watery discharge
from the nose and eyes, which has an
offensive odor. Inflammation sets in,
the birds begin to cough and sneeze,
breathing becomes noisy and they fre-
quently breathe through their mouth.
The secretions from the nose and
eyes change to a yellowish cheese-like
mass.
Roup can easily be prevented by
avoiding damp, poorly ventilated,
over-crowded quarters. To cure a
sick bird, place it in a dry, well-ven-
tilated place away from the other
birds and give it plenty of fresh wa-
ter and feed. Every morning and
evening remove all the cheesy matter
from the eyes and nostrils and dip the
bird’s head into a solution of bichlor-
ide of mercury (1-1,000). This is
made by placing one 7.3 mercury bi-
chloride tablet in a pint of water.
Hold the bird firmly and immerse the
head until the eyes are covered, keep-
ing it there a few seconds or until it
struggles.
—A step forward has been taken
this year by the oat producing far-
mers of: Pennsylvania in standardiz-
ing their product through the 40 va-
riety demonstrations conducted under
the supervision of the State College
agricultural extension department in
sixteen counties of the State.
The results of the demonstrations,
just announced, indicate that the va-
rieties recommended by the extension
crop specialists at State College are
superior to the local seed with which
they were compared. In the northern
section of the State, a summary of 27
tests ranked the varieties in the fol-
lowing order: Japan 66-11, Japan 53-
11, Victory, New Zealand, Silver
Mine, Cornellian, Sweedish Select,
with local seed bringing up the rear.
The results in the southern section
also gave Japan 66-11 first place, fol-
lowed by Japan 53-11, Victory Cornel-
lian, Big Four, and New Zealand, with
the local seed last. The two Japan
varieties were developed by C. F.
Noll, the plant breeding specialist at
State College and the originator of
Pennsylvania 44 wheat.
The important point brought out in
these demonstrations is the fact that
the five leading varieties recommend-
ed by the extension specialists out-
yielded the local seeds by about five
and one-half bushels per acre. The
choice between the leading varieties
depends largely on local conditions of
soil, fertility and type of farming.
The Japan varieties are a smaller
grain and have a lighter straw but
are good vielders, especially under ad-
verse conditions.
5 STATE PARTIES
ON 1924 BALLOTS.
Formation of Independent Ticket
Would Require 5611 Signatures.
Issue Political Calendars.
There are five political parties
which must nominate candidates at
the primary election April 22. If an
independent State ticket is to be
formed it will require 5611 signatures,
based on the vote for John J. Hender-
son, candidate for Judge of the Su-
perior Court, who received 1,122,004
votes.
The five parties that must nominate
are, in the order of their appearance
on the ballots, the Republican, Dem-
ocratic, Socialist, Prohibition and Pro-
gressive.
In his annual booklet on the elec-
tions of the year, George D. Thorn,
chief of the Election Bureau of the
State Department, points out that in-
dependent nominations may not be
made for parties intending to use the
name of existing parties in connec-
ticn with other words, such as Inde-
pendent Republican, True Democrat,
Socialist Labor, and so on.
CANDIDATES TO BE NOMINATED.
At the primary in April candidates
will be nominated for a Judge of the
Superior Court, State Treasurer, Au-
ditor General, Representatives in Con-
gress in each congressional district
and members of the State Senate in
the odd-numbered districts and of the
House in all representative districts.
In addition, offices are to be filled
by election for delegates and alter-
nate delegates-at-large and also dis-
trict delegates and alternates to the
national conventions; for members to
State committees by Senatorial dis-
tricts and counties, and for members
cf county committees. The Republi-
cans will elect two delegates to their
convention in each Congressional dis-
trict and seven at large, but the Dem-
ocrats will elect, in addition to dis-
trict delegates, but four delegates-at-
large.
For the first time since there has
been personal registration in the cities
of the Commonwealth the registration
days will be the same in Philadelphia,
the only city of the first class; in
Pittsburgh and Scranton, cities of the
third class.
After the spring primary election
every voter must again be registered
for the November election.
1924 POLITICAL CALENDAR.
The political calendar for 1924 is
arranged by Mr. Thorn as follows:
Spring primary election, Tuesday,
April 22.
General election, Tuesday, Novem-
ber 4.
First day for securing signatures
on petitions for nomination to be filed
with the Secretary of the Common-
wealth, Saturday, February 2.
Last day for filing petitions with
the Secretary of the Commonwealth
for the primary, Thursday, March 13.
First day to secure signatures on
petitions to be filed with the County
Commissioners, Thursday, February
Last day for filing petitions with
the County Commissioners for party
officers, Tuesday, March 25.
Last day for filing nomination pa-
pers by independent bodies of citi-
zens, for any office, Friday, Septem-
ber 5.
Last day when candidates may
withdraw before the primary, Friday,
March 14.
Last day when candidates nominat-
ed at the primary election may with-
draw from nomination is Monday,
September 15.
Last day to file nominations, to fill
vacancies caused by the withdrawal
of candidates nominated at the pri-
mary election, Tuesday, September
Last days to be assessed for the
November election are Tuesday and
Wednesday, September 2 and 3. The
assessors sit at the polling places on
those days.
Last day to pay tax to qualify for
the November election, Saturday, Oc-
tober 4.
Last day to be registered for vot-
ers’ who were not registered for the
November election of 1923 in Phila-
delphia, Pittsburgh and Scranton, to
qualify them to vote at the spring
primary, Wednesday, March 19.
Last day to be registered for the
spring primary in all other cities, by
voters not registered for the last No-
vember election, Wednesday, April 2.
First day to be registered for the
November election, in any city, Thurs-
day, September 4.
Second day, Tuesday, September 16.
Third and last day, Saturday, Oc-
tober 4.
Last day for candidates to file
statement of expenses for the prima-
ry, Wednesday, May 7.
Last day for treasurers of politic-
al committees to file statement of ex-
penses for the primary, Thursday,
May 22.
Last day for filing statement of ex-
penses for the November election by
candidates and treasurers of commit-
tees, Thursday, December 4.
There is only one proposed consti-
tutional amendment to be voted upon
at the November 4 election, and that
will receive a great deal of attention
between now and election day. It is
the question of the State providing a
soldiers’ bonus. The proposed amend-
ment would permit the Legislature to
authorize the issuance of $35,000,000
worth of bonds for the payment of
the bonus. ;
Mere Curiosity.
A prisoner who had been convicted
a dozen times was placed at the bar.
“Your worship,” he said, “I should,
like to have my case postponed for a
week. My lawer is ill.”
“But you were captured with your
hand in this gentleman’s pocket.
What can your counsel say in your
defense 7”
“Precisely so, your honor. That is
what I am curious to know.”--The
Bristol News.
Money Wasted.
When the doctor arrived he found
the patient in tears.
“Cheer up, my good man,” he said;
“you’ll pull through all right.”
“ ‘Tisn’t that, doc,” groaned the pa-
tient; “but just think of the money
I’ve spent buying apples to keep you
away.”—Harvard Lampoon.
ANNAN VEANMAR VERNA VAVON AACR MA NAMOA RUA AMOR UAV R TV
A
Franklin |
The Great Apostle of Thrift ;
ranklin told the people of his day why
they should save, and showed them
by apt illustration how to save.
His sound advice was good not only
then, but applicable today.
Why not start your account now with
the First National Bank ?
3% Interest Paid on Savings?Accounts
THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK
STATE COLLEGE, PA. >
MEMBER FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM
Joint Stock Land Banks
Reading General Mortdade 4 % Bonds
We represent Joint Stock Land Banks
through which long term loans on farms
may be made.
Holders of Reading General Mortgage
4% bonds should present for exchange
before February 1st. Bring the bonds to
us and we will arrange.
The First National Bank
Bellefonte, Pa.
61-46
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