Dewi Yiatcpan
Bellefonte, Pa, July 13, 1923.
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LEGION ADOPTS CODE COVER-
ING RIGHT USE AND DISPLAY
OF FLAG.
“The code covering proper civilian
usage of the American flag and con-
duct in its presence was adopted at
the concluding session of the confer-
ence of national organizations called
by the American Legion, and a per-
manent committee was authorized to
disseminate it throughout the coun-
try.
¥ esolutions adopted recommended
that each of the more than 60 organi-
zations represented promote the study
of the words.and music of “The Star
Spangled Banner” and its teaching in
schools and in juvenile organizations,
as suggested to the conference by
President Harding. State legislators
also were asked to enact uniform
laws requiring the display of the flag
in and over all schools, parks and
paygrounds, and over other public
buildings.
Considerable discussion over what
was described as the unpatriotic atti-
tude of a number of teachers and
text books in public schools, resulted
in adoption of another resolution de-
manding that “all persons employed in
a public capacity, national, state and
municipal, whose compensation is
paid from public funds, be required to
pledge allegiance and support to the
Constitution and respect for the flag
of the United States.” Opposition
was recorded to proposals to change
the official dimensions of the flag.
A proposal included in the report of
the code committee that the proper
salute to the flag by a woman be the
military salute employed by soldiers
in uniform was amended to read that
her right hand be placed over her
heart in paying respect to the em-
blem.
The code covers 15 rules for display
of the flag and a list of 15 “things to
avoid,” in addition to setting forth
the proper use of bunting, the salutes
and pledges to the flag, suggestions
for state legislation, and a recom-
mendation that the “Star Spangled
Banner” be universally recognized as
the national anthem.
The rules adopted for displaying the
flag follow:
The flag should be displayed from
sunrise to sunset only or between such
hours as designated by proper author-
ity on national and State holidays,
and on historic and special occasions.
The flag should always be hoisted
briskly and lowered slowly and cere-
moniously.
When carried in a procession with
another flag or flags the place of the
flag of the United States is on the
right, i. e., the flag’s own right, or
when there is a line of other flags
the flag of the United States may be
in front of the center of that line.
When displayed with another flag,
against a wall from crossed staffs,
the flag of tlie United States should
be on the right, the flag’s own right,
and its staff should be in front of the
staff of the other flag.
When a number of flags are group-
ed and displayed from staffs the flag
of the United States should be in the
center or at the highest point of the
group.
When flags of States or cities or
pennants of societies are flown on the
same halyard with the flag of the
United States, the flag of the United
States must always be at the peak.
When flown from adjacent staffs the
flag of the Unitd States should be
hoisted first. No flag or pennant
should be placed above or to the right
of the flag of the United States.
“Do not use the flag as drapery,
use bunting,” says one of the “don’ts”
and others bar its use as covering for
a ceiling, as part of a costume or
athletic uniform, embroidered upon
cushions or handkerchiefs, or printed
on paper napkins or boxes.
A section of the code dealing with
the salute to the flag reads:
“During the ceremony of hoisting
or lowering the flag, or when the flag
is passing in parade or review, all
persons present should stand at at-
tention facing the flag. Men’s head
dress should be removed with the
right hand and held at the left shoul-
der. Those present in uniform should
salute with the right hand salute.
Women should stand at attention, fac-
ing the flag or as the flag is passing
in parade should salute, by placing
the right hand over the heart. If the
national anthem is played and no flag
is present all stand at attention when
uncovered and salute at the first note
of the anthem, retaining the position
until the last note of the air is play-
ed. If in civilian dress and covered,
men should uncover and stand at at-
tention, facing the music. Women
stand at attention and salute.—EX.
State Institutions Raise Forest Trees.
During the past spring more than
950000 forest trees were distributed
from the forest tree nurseries located
at State institutions and operated in
co-operation with the Department of
Forests and Waters. The institutions
that are growing these trees are the
Allentown Homeopathic Hospital for
Insane, Danville State Hospital for
Insane, Huntingdon Reformatory,
Harrisburg State Lunatic Asylum,
Polk State Institution for Feeble-
minded, Torrance State Hospital for
Insane and Wernersville State Asy-
. Tum for Chronic Insane.
These nurseries at State institutions
are a new line of co-operative work
that was undertaken a few years ago.
“They are now beginning to turn out
a large number of seedlings and trans-
plants for reforesting the idle lands
of the State.
According to Major Stuart, Secre-
tary of Forests and Waters, these
trees are being raised at a low cost
and he hopes that the nurseries can
be developed so that in a number of
years all the forest trees required for
planting in the State will be raised
at the State institutions. The raising
of these small forest trees is whole-
some outdoor work for the inmates.
It is difficult to think of any line of
work that would be better for them
and at the same time bring an in-
come to the State that maintains
them. -
WORLD’S GREAT SUGAR BOWL.
Cuba has been called the world’s
great sugar bowl because it produces
more sugar than any other country
in the world. In a single year the
output of Cuba’s sugar would make
two piles larger and higher than the
pyramid in Egypt which covers thir-
teen acres of ground and is more than
four hundred and fifty feet high. If
it were all sent to New York in one
shipment it would take twelve hun-
dred ships to carry it.
That Cuba is a rich country is shown
by the fact that her exports amount
to more than eight hundred and fifty
million dollars per year. Perhaps no
other city on earth has proportionate-
ly as wealthy a population as Havana,
the capital city, according to a noted
author. There is one hotel in this
city where the rate for room and
bath without meals is $25 per day.
Havana boasts of a club that has for-
ty-three thousand members and its
clubhouse cost nearly a million dol-
lars.
As sugar is king in Cuba it will be
interesting to recount some thing re-
garding its production. Sugar cane
requires about eighteen months to
mature, but it will produce a dozen
crops per year without replanting.
Think of only having to plough one
crop of corn to get twelve crops! It
grows as high as a man on horseback
can reach. The crop is largely tended
and drawn to market by oxen and they
can live a good share of the year on
leaves that are stripped from the
cane. If we get a crop that is worth
$50 per acre we are “going some,”
but the Cuban sometimes gets $500
per acre for his.
The harvest of sugar cane is during
our winter months. In October the
mills start grinding and for half a
year they hardly stop. Cutters are
in the fields and working with all
their might, for they are “paid by the
job.” The harder and faster they
work the more they earn. After the
cane is cut it is loaded on great, two-
wheeled carts and sometimes it takes
a dozen oxen to drag them from the
fields to the mills, or to the cars, as
the case may be.
Some of these sugar mills are gi-
gantic affairs. Cars loaded with cane
are run into the mills and about all
that is necessary to unload them is to
press an clectric button. Endless
belts carry the cane to the great
crushers, the rollers of which are a
dozen feet in diameter. The cane
goes through so many of these rollers
that when finished it is dry enough
to burn—in fact, it is carried to the
boilers by endless belts and burns like
tinder generating steam enough to
run the machinery.
After the juice is pressed out of
the cane it is strained and pumped
mto great vats, and would you be-
lieve it, a lot of whitewash is poured
into it. When this is heated the lime
neutralizes the acid and purifies the
juice causing certain parts to settle
to the bottom while the heat brings
other impurities to the top as froth, |
after which the clear juice is drawn
off, put into evaporators and thus the
process goes on until it is made into
sugar and refined and made ready
for market.
After the sugar is bagged, strong,
burly, Cuban negroes will pick up 2
bag that weighs two hundred and
‘seventy-five pounds and trot around
with it easily, seemingly, as an ordi-
dinary man will handle a fifty-pound
sack of flour. Of course these men
make good wages, but often they
gamble it away or lose it by buying
lottery tickets. While it is that al-
ready the wealth of Cuba per capita
is greater than any other country,
yet there are vast stretches of this
island as wild and unbroken as when
Columbus discovered America. A
Cuban forest is turned into a field,
however, quicker than one would
think it could be done. The weed cut-
ters fell the trees big and little and
beneath a tropical sun everything
soon becomes dry as tinder. About
March, fire is started, and enough
heat to keep a city warm all winter
goes up from this burning mass ev-
ery day. The soil is so rich that it
is not hard to get the sugar cane
planted and growing in the district
burned over.—Exchange.
The Tractor Displaces Farming Meth-
ods in Vogue Since Bible
Times.
Over in the Caucasus of Asia Minor
the Fordson tractor is more than a
power plant—it is a land redeemer
and a life saver.
There in the shadow of Mt. Ararat,
famed resting place of Noah’s ark, it
is the twentieth century missionary to
the oldest land in the world and
brings the most striking of all con-
trasts between modern power faim-
ing and the primitive methods in
vogue for thousands of years.
Introduced in the Caucasus a little
more than a year ago by the Near
East Relief, the tractor has revolu-
tionized agriculture and, thanks to it,
there is no famine this year.
With the tractor and modern farm
machinery the fields, heretofore only
scratched with the historic stick and
oxen teams, have been plowed deep
and with less seed have yielded great-
er crops than ever before. Hundreds
of natives, too, have been released
from farm work to enter industrial
pursuits.
A recent note from Brivan, Arme-
nia, tells the story of tractor accom-
plishments in striking figures:
“Ten American tractors ploughed a
thousand acres of land in eleven
days,” the message said. “To accom-
plish the same work jn the same time
would have required 1,000 oxen and
500 men.”
Under power farming the crops in
the Caucasus have been 50 per cent.
larger and one-third less seed has
been used. Where Armenia only a
short time ago, with eighty per cent.
of its population engaged in agricul-
ture, was only producing one-third of
its cereal requirements, it is today
producing about one-half with far less
men employed in the work.
With gasoline power, fed by the
rich oil fields of Baku on the Caspian
Sea and with modern machinery, the
Caucasus promises to accomplish one
of the most interesting agricultural
developments in the history of the
world.
—————————— A e—————————
——Subscribe for the “Watchman.”
THE SMALL HIGH SCHOOL DIS-
re APPEARING.
Costs of education are mounting. A
higher percentage of the population is
being enrolled in High schools yearly.
Each year more communities are de-
manding opportunity for their chil-
dren for a good high school training.
The people are demanding that the
high schools offer a wider range in
courses of study so that the interests
of students having other than college
preparatory aims be met. Can we
finance the program? We can
through elimination of the small high
school. We cannot if we attempt to
maintain effective high schools for 15
or 20 pupils. Cities maintain effect-
ive high schools at per pupil costs
within reason, simply because they
have large numbers of pupils. Union
high schools in the west offer country
children as good facilities for high
school training as the best of our
cities at reasonable per pupil costs be-
cause schools serve large numbers of
pupils. Many country high schools in
the South are providing good facili-
ties at a reasonable cost for the same
reason.
Where the small district attempts
to support a high school for a few pu-
pils the cost is prohibitive. Two high
schools in a western State reported
per pupil costs of over $1000 per year
for 1921. The country cannot finance
such a program as this. Careful or-
ganization in the interest of economy
as well as effectiveness is becoming
more and more a necessity. Larger
units of support must displace the
small district high school.
This month marks the closing of the
school year 1922-23 although thous-
ands of country schools ended their
five, six or seven months’ terms ear-
lier in the spring. How many chil-
dren have enrolled in the public
schools of the United States, city and
country, since last September? The
exact number cannot be stated now,
but a conservative estimate places the
grand total at 22,063,526. The enroll-
ment in the public high schools is
about 10.2 per cent. of this number,
or 2,250,626, leaving 19,813,453 as the
enrollment in public elementary
schools. The estimated number in the
eighth grade is 8.2 per cent. of this
number or 1,624,703. It is fair to say
that 80 per cent. of these pupils, 1,-
299,762, actually completed the work
of the eighth grade and may now be
classed as elementary school gradu-
ates for this year. About 14.5 per
cent. of the enrollment in public high
schools will be found in the fourth
year. For 1923 this number is esti-
mated at 326,326. Approximately 70
per cent. of this number, or 228,428
are now going forth as high school
graduates. The graduates of the
three-year high schools will add at
least 10,000 to this number.
MANY FOREST TREES DISTRIB-
UTED.
During the past spring more than
350,000 forest trees were distributed
from the forest tree nurseries located
at State institutions and operated in
co-operation with the Department of
Forests and Waters. The institutions
that are growing these trees are the
Allentown Homeopathic hospital for
msane, Danville State hospital for in-
sane, Huntingdon Reformatory, Har-
risburg State lunatic asylum, Polk
State institution for feeble-minded,
Torrance State hospital for insane,
and Wernersville State asylum for
chronic insane.
These nurseries at State institutions
are a new line of co-operative work
that was undertaken a few years ago.
They are now beginning to turn out
a large number of seedlings and trans-
plants for reforesting the idle lands
of the State.
According to Major Stuart, secre-
tary of forests and waters, these trees
are being raised at a low cost and
he hopes that the nurseries can be
developed so that in a number of
years all the forest trees required for
planting in the State will be raised
at the State institutions. The raising
of these small forest trees is whole-
some outdoor work for the inmates.
It is difficult to think of any line of
work that would be better for them
and at the same time bring an income
to the State that maintains them.
—Subsecribe for the “Watchman.”
| became affected and I suffered awful-
NEW LAWS BENEFIT FARMERS.
The interests of farmers were well
cared for by the State law making
body in the session just closed, a re-
sume of bills affecting them reveals.
These measures ran the gamut from
dogs to fences and embraces a wide |e
variety of subjects.
One of the hardest fought legisla-
tive battles was over the Derrick bill
prohibiting municipalities from adopt-
ing daylight saving ordinances. The
State grange, dairy interests and
truck gardening organizations pre-
sented a united front for passage of
the bill. The measure finally was
passad and signed by Governor Pin-
chot.
The farmers also were solidly be-
hind the Jones bills, fixing a standard
of butterfat for ice cream and pro-
hibiting the sale of filled milk or filled
milk products. Another milk bill pass-
ed was the Smith skim milk act which
defines condensed, concentrated and
evaporated skimmed milk, and pre-
scribes the content of total solids. It
requires such milk to be sold in cer-
tain sized cans and fixes the mini-
mum size containers in which it may
be sold and prescribed the method of
labelling.
In classifying legislation affecting
agriculture, the department of agri-
culture has enumerated among others
the following measures:
Reducing the registration fee on
certain brands of commercial feeding
stuffs from $25 to $6. The reduction
applies to certain kinds of wheat, rye,
buckwheat, oats and corn feed.
Amending the dog laws by provid-
ing that receipts from the enforce-
ment of the law reverts to the bureau
of animal industry to pay indemnities
for livestock killed by dogs and to pay
a certain portion of the indemnity of
cattle tested under the accredited
herd plan and killed as reactors in the
tuberculin tests.
Authorizing county commissioners
to appropriate money from county
funds for the purpose of controlling
and suppressing dangerous and infec-
tious diseases of livestock and poultry
and dangerous plant diseases and in-
sect pest in co-operation with the de-
partment of agriculture.
Authorizing county commissioners
to make appropriations not exceeding
$1500 in any one county to the coun-
ty agricultural and horticultural so-
cieties and associations.
Providing for the construction of
surface or under drains on land owned
by others, by which a farmer may pe-
tition the court of quarter sessions to
view the drainage proposal and decide
upon the necessity of an extension of
the drain. The petitioner, in this
case, pays all the costs and the dam-
Joes done to the land not owned by |
m.
Amending the noxious weed law by |
including chicory in the list of weeds |
which must be cut before they seed. !
Regulating the sale of caustics and
mineral and chemical salts by requir-
MEDICAL.
A Useful Pain
Bellefonte People Should Heed Its
Warning.
Have you a sharp pain or a dull
ache across the small of your back?
Do you realize that it’s often a timely
sign of kidney weakness? Prompt
treatment is a safeguard against
more serious kidney troubles. Use
Doan’s Kidney Pills. Profit by a
Bellefonte resident’s experience.
Mrs. Mary Lose, 212 E. Bishop St.,
says: “A few years ago my kidneys
ly. I was hardly ever free from dis-
tressing backaches. I was so misera-
ble I could scarcely keep going to do
my housework. I also had spells of |
dizziness and frequent headaches. My
kidneys acted irregularly. Doan’s
Kidney Pills purchased at the Mott
Drug Co., were not long in bringing
relief. I have depended on Doan’s
ever since when I have had an attack
and I know they are reliable.”
Price 60c, at all dealers. Don’t
simply ask for a kidney remedy—get
Doan’s Kidney Pills—the same that
Mrs. Lose had. Foster-Milburn Co.,
Mfrs., Buffalo, N. Y. 68-27
Enjoy aVacation
that, is Just
a Little Different, .: service
A Little Cruise through Historic Waters
The Hall Mark
ent.
places of historic interest.
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FERENT.
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Quaint! Restful! Appealing! Delightfnl!
Leave business cares behind and for a day and two nights
lose yourself in echoes of the past and restful delights of the pres-
A trip of peculiar charm, from Baltimore, through the Chesa-
peake Bay, the Potomac River, and their picturesque tributaries,
on the well-appointed steamers of the Baltimore, Chesapeake and
Atlantic and the Maryland, Delaware and Virginia Railways.
Comfortable State Rooms—Excellent Meals, Superior Service.
An ideal vacation trip, novel and invting, along the shores of
Maryland and down to old Virginia, passing the home of Pocahon-
tas, the birthplace of Washington, and many other scenes and
A brief pleasure trip, restful, refreshing, unique, novel, mod-
est in cost and satisfying, BECAUSE IT IS JUST A LITTLE DIF-
For descriptive literature, fares and detailed information, ad-
dress R. H. Soulsby, General Passenger Agent, B. C. & A. Railway
Co., Pier 1, Pratt Street, Baltimore, Md.
The Pennsylvania Railroad supplies convenient train service
and is the desirable route to and from Baltimore and Washington.
For time tables and other information consult ticket agents.
Pennsylvania Railroad System
THE STANDARD RAILROAD OF THE WORLD
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1=2n2n=n=2n2n=2n= naa MaMa la Ue Me Met lel el let lel Ue] Nasi led Us Ui ll
ing their proper labelling as poisonous
substances.
Providing that $60,000 of the pro-
ceeds derived from the sale of the
property of the State livestock sani-
tary board revert to the department
of agriculture to help defray expens-
S.
Changing the legal bushel weights
of apples from 45 to 48 pounds; bar-
ley, from 47 to 48 pounds; cranber-
ries, from 40 to 32 pounds; cucumbers,
from 50 to 48 pounds; sun-shelled
green peas, from 56 to 28 pounds, to-
matoes from 60 to 56 pounds; turnips,
from 60 to 56 pounds.
Providing that land owners and the
State pay the cost of fencing on a
some m—
Five Years Ago. Springfield Lady
Restored to Good Health.
3c
REMOVD GOITRE
AT HOME
fifty-fifty basis when damage is done
by deer, and where the damage justi-
fies such expenditure. For such pay-
ment $10,000 is set aside from the
game commissnon fund.
Providing for the payment from the
game commission fund for all dam-
age done by bears to livestock, poul-
try and bees up to the amount of
$6,000.
——Subscribe for the “Watchman.”
EE
Fine Job Printing
0—A SPECIALTY—o
AT THE
WATCHMAN OFFICE.
en
There is no atyle of work, from the
cheapest “Dodger” to the finest
BOOK WORK
that we can not do in the most sat-
isfactory manner, and at Prices
consistent with the class of work.
Call on or communicate with this
NOTE: It would be illegal to publish ofiice,
these statements if not true.
Mrs. Frank Beard, 1610 Karr Street, EES
Springfield, Ohio, says she is willing to CHICHESTER S PILLS
write any one her full experience how
Sorbol-Quadruple a stainless liniment, re- . Lak DIAMOND BRAND,
moved her daughter's goitre. Chichester s Dia on rand
Get further information from Parrish’s a SA 5 thon
drug store, drug stores everywhere or g Drugs “Askin clit OE ER 0
write Sorbol Company. Mechanicsburg, years known as Best, Safest, Always Reliable
Ohio. 63-27 SOLD BY DRUGGISTS EVERYWHERE
——— — ATRESIA
& ESS TS Iara
Watch, Diamond, or Set
of Silverware, purchas-
ed on our
Easy Payment Plan
enables all to own these arti-
cles in a way that does not
add hardship to the pocket-
book. We will be glad to
serve you.
RRR
F. P. Blair & Son,
Jewelers and Optometrists
64-22 tf:
Bellefonte, Pa.
Your Opportunity
Tomorrow---
~ Saturday July 14
We start the Greatest Sale of Mens and
Boys Suits and Trousers Bellefonte has
ever known.
Suits that. were $20.00 now $15.00
Suits that, were 25.00
Suits that, were 30.00
Suits that, were 35.00
The saving is Big;
18.75
22.50
26.25
6
the goods are the
Best—all our regular stock—nothing re-
served.
Don’t wait outside and wonder.
Come
in and look around—and pocket the
saving that is really yours.
A. Fauble