Dewi ada.
Bellefonte, Pa., June 29, 1923.
NEGROES GOING NORTH.
The first general migration from
the South to the North came after the
outbreak of the world war. That
movement slowed down, and even a
«considerable number returned, but
now a second and even more signifi-
cant tide is running stadily toward
the Northern industrial centers. The
Department of Agriculture became in-
terested and made a study of the ef-
fect on agriculture of the South. Ac-
cording to its report 32,000 farm
hands have left Georgia, 22,700
South Carolina, 15,000 Arkansas, 10,-
000 Alabama, and other southern
States in proportion. There has not
been a direct movement from the cot-
ton fields to northern factories. The
more usual course is for factory train-
ed negroes to go North from southern
industrial centers, such as Birming-
ham, and for farm hands to flow in to
take their places. The cause of the
exodus is a shortage of labor in the
Northern industrial centers produced
by restricted immigration, and the
better wages held out there as an in-
ducement.
When Chairman Gary of the Steel
‘Corporation spoke of the need of more
immigrants to meet labor demands,
Prof. Scott, of Howard University
(colored), Washington, sent him a tel-
egram saying that he could Jraw on
3,000,000 colored laborers of the South.
J. M. Gibbs, secretary of the North
Carolina Pine Association, challenged
Prof. Scott to point out the labor sup-
ply referred to. His association, he
said, employed 60,000 negroes in six
southern States, “and at no time with-
in the past six months have we had a
surplus of labor.” Declaring the sit-
uation worse than it was even three
months ago he added that owing to a
shortage of labor “none of the mills
are running in full capacity,” and
that “what is true of the lumber in-
dustry is also true in other industries
in the States named.” The U. S. em-
ployment bureau at Columbia, S. C.,
stated that the labor situation in that
State “is the most serious in many
years if not in the history of the
State.” It was added that labor is
short for all kinds of work, and that
labor agents from northern sections
have been working throughout the
State inducing negroes to leave, and
getting from $5 to $7.50 a head for
each laborer sent out. The commis-
sioner of labor of North Carolina re-
ported that a labor shortage on the
farms of that State was felt, due to
exodus of negroes to the North, but
not so much as in other sections of the
South.
Southern farmers, business men and
others have become alarmed at the
steady loss of their cheap labor sup-
ply, and conferences have been held
to consider means to check it. At Bir-
mingham negro editors and preachers
joined forces with the large employ-
ers of labor to solve the problem. The
scale of pay in the mills and mines
there has been constantly boosted dur-
ing the last six months until it is only
slightly under what it was during the
boom period of the war. ;
Negroes have already greatly prof-
ited in both South and North from the
growing demand for their labor, and
they have not failed to demand better
conditions as well as higher wages.
President Moton, of Tuskeegee Insti-
tute, said: “Attention is more and
more being focused upon general so-
«cial conditions for the negro in ‘the
South, on the facts of lynching, mob
“violence, inadequate educational facili-
ties, the lack of civic improvements,
such as light, water, sewerage, and
police protection.” The increased
numbers of negroes in the North, he
pointed out, will enable them to op-
«erate whole sections of industries “in
«defiance of the objections of labor un-
ions which have as yet not shown a
very cordial attitude toward negro la-
bor, in spite of the official pronounce-
ment of the American Federation of
Labor to the contrary.” He declared
that, on the whole, the negro would
prefer to remain in the South “where
the climate is agreeable and the ties
of sentiment are strongest, and where
negro life has attained a development
not equal among negroes in any other
section of the country.” He added,
however, that the negroes had not suf-
fered from the northern climate.—Ex-
«change.
Free of Blight.
Harrisburg, Pa., June 21.—What is
believed to be the only large chestnut
tree in Central Pennsylvania that is
free of the chestnut blight stands on
the lawn of J. Reed Thompson, Mil-
roy, Mifflin county. The tree was re-
cently examined by representatives of
the Department of Forestry and not a
trace of blight could be found upon
it. On the hillside about it are many
thousands of chestnut trees that are
dead or dying of the blight.
This particular tree is of a Japan-
ese variety of chestnut. It was pur-
«chased from the Lovett Nursery, at
Little Silver, New Jersey, and planted
in 1886 by Mrs. Thompson’s father.
It is now over 25 feet high and 18
inches in diameter. In outline it re-
:sembles an orchard grown apple tree.
Experts of the Department of For-
estry believe that this tree may help
point the way to the development of
chestnuts that are immuned to the at-
tack of the destructive chestnut
blight.
Dollar Haircut Predicted Before
Shore Barbers.
Dollar haircuts will arrive shortly,
according to Joseph Byrnes, editor of
a barbers’ journal, who reported to
members of the Atlantic City Master
Barbers’ Association at their annual
banquet on Monday night on the re-
sult of a survey he has just made.
From 50 to 60 per cent. of the half
«dellar now charged for the hirsute
trimming goes to the man who does
the labor, while tiled floors and walls,
part of the sanitary equipment de-
manded in most cities by city ordi-
mance, and other overhead costs eat
ap virtually all of the remainder, he
said. Twenty-five cent shaves and
the massage treatments are the only
things that pay, he declared.
FARM NOTES.
—Standardization of any farm
product will bring about greater effi-
ciency and economy in marketing.
Study egg standards.
—Keep making successional plant-
ings of vegetables every few weeks
so that there will be an uninterrupted
supply for use all summer.
—If your alfalfa is not doing well,
dig up a plant, wash the soil from the
roots and examine for nodules. If
none can be found you need to in-
oculate the sod with legume bacteria
and in many cases the soil needs lime.
—As a feed for young calves sepa-
rator milk with the addition of a small
handful of cornmeal or cottonseed
meal is as good as whole milk. But-
terfat is too valuable to be fed to
calves when the same results may be
obtained by cheaper carbohydrates.
—Does it pay to spray potatoes?
Last year in 57 Pennsylvania counties
the results of over 400 demonstrations
on the control of potato diseases
showed an increase in yield of spray-
ed over unsprayed potatoes of 74
bushels per acre over seed selected
from the bin in the ordinary way.
—The greatest problem of the vege-
table grower this year is the labor
situation. Some growers are decreas-
ing their acreage on this account. It
is not too late to make use of any un-
occupied back-yard space for the
growing of some vegetables. Fertili-
zation and culture should be given
special attention.
—itis a source of more than passing
satisfaction to a potato grower to be
able to recognize the ear-marks of
every disease that may be found in
his potato fields. Often the correct
identification may make it possible to
apply the correct remedial measures
in time to check serious trouble and
loss. “A Key to Potato Diseases,”
that tells what to look for and how to
determine what disease is present, was
published in the June number of the
Seed Potato Circular, an interesting
paper issued monthly by the Bureau
of Plant Industry, Pennsylvania De-
partment of Agriculture.
—These are exciting days for the
dog without a license tag. Quite
often if he chances to cross the path
of an agent of the Bureau of Animal
Industry, Pennsylvania Department of
Agriculture, whose business it is to
enforce the law relating to the licens-
ing of all dogs the day may end
rather unhappily for the dog. The
task of cleaning up every county in
the State is fast being completed by
the bureau agents. Many dog own-
ers who had neglected to pay the 1923
tax, have made special effort during
the past few weeks to pay the delin-
quent tax before the state agents put
in an appearance. Others not quite
so fortunate have had warrants served
upon them, for the violation of the
1921 Dog Law. The law imposes a
fine of not less than $5 and not more
than $100 for failure to comply, and |
further provides summary conviction
in case the fine and costs are not
FOR AND ABOUT WOMEN,
DAILY THOUGHT.
GOOD INTENTIONS.
Were all the world my gift te give,
I'd give it all to you,
The flowers, the birds,
stars,
And every dew drop. too:
But none of these have I in store,
And so my friend, in lieu,
I can but share with you the cheer,
© Of knowing what I'd do.
—Justus James.
the twinkling
Of course we all know that we
should have started our flower garden
many weeks ago, but if we are willing
to get to work and dig we may even
yet have a garden that will be the en-
vy of many of our neighbors who
have been devoting a generous portion
of their time to this work ever since
April.
The first thing for us to do is to
prepare the ground thoroughly. This
can be done in a day. In preparing
the soil do not make any attempt to
enrich it at this time, but should it
show any decided tendency to bake it
is always well to add a small quan-
tity of pointed sand; this insures more
perfect drainage.
After the roots of the plants have
become well established and there is a
development of several inches of top
growth, stimulation in the form of
manure water is very-beneficial. Seeds
develop more rapidly and make more
substantial growth without this stim-
ulation.
Now that we have the ground pre-
pared let us take account of stock and
see just what we have left from last
year that we might use. Almost
every woman has a few old geranium
plants, which surely are not things of
beauty. If you take these old plants,
cut them back, remove about half of
the old foliage, plant them in a sun-
ny bed and keep them well watered,
in a short time we shall be surprised
at their progress. If we have been
careful about the watering they will
not only be loaded with fine, healthy
growth but will have set quite a num-
ber of buds, some of which will be
opening.
Then if we have any tradescantia—
and if we do not we can usually get a
few slips from our neighbors—we can
plant it in a partially shaded portion
of our garden and in a few weeks it
will have entirely covered the space
and will keep green until frost. This
little creeper, if we use the plain dark
green and the variegated varieties, will
be a quaint addition to any home gar-
en.
When we have finished setting out
our geraniums and tradescantia many
of us will realize that we have ex-
hausted our supply and filled only a
small space in our garden. In such a
case let us resort to seeds. To grow
seeds successfully we must again pre-
pare the soil. This time more care-
fully. It must be very fine and fria-
ble. Plant the seeds with just enough
soil to cover them. Then after plant-
ing them water them carefully. The
best way to do this is to place a lay-
promptly paid.
—The average farm price for hay
was twenty-five cents higher on June
1 than on the -first of the previous
month, according to recent reports
compiled by the Bureau of Statistics, |
Pennsylvania Department of Agricul-'
ture. At $16.70 a ton, hay prices clos- |
ly approach the early spring ' quota- |
tion but with a new season’s crop in |
sight the upward trend is not expect-
ed to continue. Potatoes have also |
shown a steady rise since March until
they now average $1.00 a bushel. On |
the contrary, the grains, with the ex-
ception of buckwheat, have been
checked in the upward price move-
ment, and in general show a slight |
decline. The seasonal drop in milk
and farm butter prices is still evident |
in the June report, while eggs show |
little change from the low figure of
the last few months. Wool makes an '
encouraging advance of two cents a
pound. The comparative June prices
for 1922 and this year, follow:
Junel Junel
1922 1923
‘Wheat, per bushel .......... $1.26 $1.24
Corn,. per:bushel .... isons a0 88
Rye, ‘per bushel ............. 96 94
Oats, per bushel ...........s Dl OT
Buckwheat, per bushel ...... 7 95
Tobacco, per pound ......... 11 16
Potatoes, per bushel ......... 1.20 1.00
Hay, per ton ................» 18.45 16.70
Eggs, per dozen .............. 25 26
Farm Butter, per pound ..... 36 4
Milk, per 100 pounds ........ 205 251
Wool, per pound ............. 28 38
—With the reappearance of the 17-
year locust, or the periodical Cicada,
in many sections of Pennsylvania this
year, considerable credence has been
placed in the statement that the insect
is poisonnous or otherwise injurious
to human beings. To correct this
false impression, held by a surprising-
ly large number of people, the Bureau
of Plant Industry of the Pennsylvania
Department of Agriculture tells us
that the locust cannot sting a person
because it has no stinger, and that it
is unable to cause harm in any other
way. The locust, instead of being
viewed as an object of fear, should be
made the means of an interesting na-
ture study. If one is picked up and
examined closely, the mind of the ex-
aminer would soon be set at ease upon
finding that the mouth parts of the
insect are so constructed that it is un-
able to inflict the injuries with which
it is sometimes credited.
The examination of several speci-
mens will disclose the fact that some
locusts have wartles or bellows in the
side of the body underneath the wing.
These constitute the musical appara-
tus and are to be-found only in the
male.
The females are interesting in that
they have an awl-like ovipositor which
is used to make openings in tender
twigs in which the eggs are deposited.
The ovipositor is of a heavy, tough
material, is spear-shaped and in parts,
the ends being serrated similar to saw
teeth. These are worked back and
forth to make the openings in the
wood for the eggs.
Valuable records are being gathered
by the Bureau of Plant Industry in re-
gard to the distribution of this par-
ticular brood of the Cicada, since it
is the oldest brood of which there is
any record. Specimens together with
any interesting information as to the
degree of infestation should be sent to
the Bureau to make these records
er of newspaper over them and pour
the water from a fine spray nozzle of
a watering can over them. Do not
make the stream foreeful or you will
be sure to wash away the soil and the
seeds will not mature as they other-
wise should do. After watering them
leave the paper in place. This is a pro-
tection from the strong sun, which is
‘liable to kill young seeds. Keep them
well watered for ten days and at the
end of that time remove the papers.
There are many varieties of plants
that will develop beautifully when
planted in June—yes, in almost mid-
June. Among these let me mention
first the old-fashioned sweet alyssum.
This little plant with its small white
flowers blossoms continually, and its
tiny bushes seem fairly smothered
with their miniature white flowers.
One of the best varieties of sweet
alyssum is Little Dorritt. Carpet of
Snow is another variety that is a pro-
fuse bloomer. This little plant is very
Siraciive when planted round a flow-
er bed.
is sure to thrive when planted late in
June. All varieties of marigold are
showy and most of them are fine
bloomers. The meteor is a new vari-
ety of French marigold that is unique
in many ways and therefore a worthy
addition to any garden. Its color is
desirable. A mass of these blooms is
gorgeous.
Many people plant nasturtiums and
will be surprised to know that they do
equally well when planted late as
when planted earlier in the season.
Of course, you must select early flow-
ering varieties, of which the “Tom
Thumb?” is one of the very best if not,
indeed, the best. This variety soon
forms perfect mounds of growth and,
once established, it will continue to
flower until frost. Remember that
nasturtiums always do better if their
blooms are kept closely cut. The fol-
lowing are Tom Thumb varieties of
established merit: Mariposi, Golden
Gate and Kaleidoscope. Our garden
would be incomplete without asters
and cosmos. These will do well if
planted now, but again we must
choose only early flowering kinds. The
Lady Lenox is the most desirable va-
riety for late planting. You can pur-
chase these seeds in both white and
pink colors.
The lamp is: the glowing center
about which the life of the whole
home throbs, and to make the life
just right the lamp, and particularly
the shade, too, it is the most import-
ant part of the lamp, must be just
right. It must cast a cheerful mellow
light when the electricity is on, and
yet it must harmonize with the room
and the color scheme at all times. So
one can see how necessary it is to se-
lect the shade with thought and care.
Why not go to a real specialist for
your shade? It will not cost any
more to buy it from some one who re-
ally knows, and then you can be as-
sured that what you have is absolute-
ly right. Shades of real New Zealand
sheepskin with decorations which are
most artistically done by hand are
very pretty. :
They are wonderfully decorative
with their cloudy shadowings and
pearly tints, and they will last, in
fact, there is no wear out to them.
All sorts of decorating troubles can
be solved in this little shop, for the
advice given by experts is most help-
ful, in fact, they call themselves in-
terior decoration consultants.
inte
Largest Oak Tree in Pennsylvania.
What is believed to be the largest
oak tree that is left in Pennsylvania
stands on the farm of the late Dr.
Samuel Gregory, near Neff’s Mills,
Huntingdon county. At the ground
this giant tree measures almost forty
feet in circumference and at breast-
high it has a girth of over twenty
feet. The tree is 84 feet high and has
a branch spread of 106 feet. 3
This big tree belongs to the variety
of the oak known as Bur Oak or Mos-
The marigold is another variety that
Of Enterprise
U
THE KIND OF SERVICE A
IS CAPABLE OF GIVIN
of the Broad Street Station.
a
Le
SASAon
in
has already practically been
tions.
SASS
of
SA
oH]
complete.
EES Seana
+ A Splendid Example ™ ==
an Organized Efort
IN A GREAT EMERGENCY
UNDER PRIVATE OWNERSHIP.
Le The Philadelphia Inquirer on Wednesday, June 13,
Uc ‘ published the following editorial:
TT ; “AN OBJECT LESSON IN RAILROAD EF-
=] : FICIENCY
be The word efficiency has been greatly overworked in
=I recent years, but it can be applied in all justice to the
officials of the Pennsylvania Railroad who are meeting the
emergency produced by the destruction of the trainshed
While the conflagration was still in progress heads of
the engineering and construction departments were in
consultation, and the fire had not been extinguished before
numerous wrecking crews were at work. In the meantime
the traffic department was called upon to make a read-
justment of service, and special bulletins promptly in-
formed the traveling public of the disposition of trains.
In less than twenty-four hours after the fire started
the builders were employed in restoring platforms.
had been summoned from everywhere, but there was a
minimum of confusion, because every squad had a definite
duty. It has been a splendid object lessen in efficiency on
the part of the world’s greatest railroad. In these days of
speed, demoralized train service spells general congestion,
and that this should have been so largely and quickly
overcome is a matter of congratulation.
The American spirit is shown at its best when meet-
seemingly unsurmountable difficulties.
thing is impossible in this country and, as if by magic,
men will appear to make it possible.
may be subject to some temporary inconvenience, but if
the public be as patient as the railroad company has been
enterprising, there will not be much reason for complaint.
Train service in and out of Broad Street Station
Pennsylvania Railroad System
THE STANDARD RAILROAD OF THE WORLD
Eu
sy Cup Oak. Representatives of the
Department of Forestry recently pho-
tographed the tree and attribute its
large size to the fertile soil upon
which it grew, and the protection giv-
en it by the owner. It is known lo-
cally as “The Big Tree” for it stands
out as a giant among all the other
trees in the neighborhood.
——————p seers Been.
Penn State Class of 1918 Gives $1918
to College.
The class of 1918 at The Pennsyl-
vania State College has pledged a
fund of $1918 towards the college
emergency building fund campaign,
according to an announcement by
campaign headquarters and Spencer
M. Free, Jr., of Greensburg, the class ||
secretary.
The class had a fund of almost
$1000 for its class memorial which
was not disposed of due to war activ-
ities at time of graduation. Class of-
ficers plan to raise this amount to
$1918 through membership assess-
ment, turning the whole sum over to
the college towards the erection of a
swimming pool.
Mark
of Service
GREAT ORGANIZATION
Men
Say that a
Those who travel
restored to normal condi-
Edible Oil Production.
There are many edible and indus-
trial oils in use at the present time
and it would appear that most of the
available sources of these products
have been exhausted. But the inves-
tigations of the Department of Agri-
culture have proved otherwise, that
valuable edible oils can be obtained
in paying quantities from waste pro-
ducts and from seeds, such as the sun-
flower, not yet grown to any great ex-
tent in this country. Tomato seeds
are recovered in large quantities. An
oil can be extracted from these seeds
which is suitable for food oil. The
yield is about 18 per cent. of the dry
weight of seed by pressing and 20 to
22 per cent. if a solvent is used. Oils
obtained from brown mustard and
charlock are of use in the manufac-
ture of soap and technical products.
Oil from the sunflower seed can be
used for food and in the manufacture
of soaps and Russian varnishes. Okra
seed oil resembles cottonseed oil close-
ly.and can be used for most of the ap-
plications to which the latter is put.
Cohune nut oil resembles cocoanut oil
and can repiace it for many purposes.
—Scientific American.
A Tax Suggestion for the Governor.
From a Norristown Democrat in the Phil-
adelphia Record.
Germany taxes coffins over 30 inch-
es long and graves over 30 inches
deep. Why should not Pennsylvania
do the same to give Pinchot spy mon-
ey? The dead can’t kick on taxes.
They can’t come back to vote against
the gang, either.
We’reselling thisGoodrich
Tire at an astonishingly
low price---call us on the
phone and we’ll tell you
what it is.
BEEZER’S GARAGE
N. Water Street |
BELLEFONTE, PA.
(elle Taha o i lo 0 8
EST IN THE LONG RUN"
ed on our
add hardship
serve yqu.
F. P. Blair & Son,
Jewelers and Optometrists
Bellefonte, Pa.
64-22 tf!
Watch, Diamond, or Set
of Silverware, purchas-
Easy Payment Plan
enables all to own these arti-
cles in a way that does not
book. We will be glad to
to the pocket-
The
...Now...
= FOR, ==
4th
pug
The many things,
big and little,
that, you will want,
and need are here---
priced to suit your purse
MIR
Let, us Show You
A. Fauble