SS SET.
Deworealic Wald,
Bellefotne, Pa., May 18, 1923.
DECREASE OF SUN’S HEAT EX-
PECTED TO AFFECT CROPS.
The loss of 3 or 4 per cent. of the
sun’s heat described recently by Dr.
C. G. Abbott, of the Smithsonian In-
stitution, may seriously affect this
year’s crops, according to Dr. John A.
Miller, a noted astronomer and direc-
tor of Swarthmore Observatory.
If Dr. Abbott was correct in his
statement and the sun is losing heat,
it should not be for long, Mr. Miller
believes. Periodically, he said recent-
ly, the spots on the sun are at a mini-
mum and when in that condition are
accompanied by lessened heat.
“It might be supposed that the pres-
ence of sun spots would prevent ra-
diation, since sun spots have been de-
scribed as immense clouds of dust,”
Dr. Miller said. “But the opposite is
the case.
“Apparently, the presence of sun
spots denotes a considerable agitation
in the sun and with it corresponding
radiation. The agitation is not there
when there are no sun spots and there
is considerably less heat.
“The phenomenon occurs, however,
every eleven years, and there is no
reason to suppose that the condition
of lessened heat will last for more
than a few months. In the past, in the
first four of the eleven years the in-
crease in sun spots has been rather
japid. A peak is reached, and the
following seven years are marked by
a gradual decrease in the number. It
is known that there are very few spots
at the present time and that would ac-
count for the cooler condition of the
sun.’
The fact that some scientists have
supposed the northern hemisphere to
be entering another glacial epoch
which within a few thousand years
will overwhelm the United States with
millions of tons of ice would have no
bearing on the present condition of
the lack of radiation, according to the
Swarthmore astronomer.
Evidence of a freakish spring that
would coincide with Dr. Miller's belief
that the crops this year may be affect-
ed by the reduced heat of the sun have
been observed by Washington scien-
tists.
The possibility that the West is due
for a dry summer is indicated by re-
ports that winter wheat areas on the
western fringe of the wheat belt are
suffering from lack of moisure, while
the Southern States appear to be hav-
ing unusually heavy rain with corres-
pondingly beneficial effects upon the
cotton crop.
Belief that the lessened radiation of
the sun would not continue was also
voiced by Dr. W. J. Humphreys, pro-
fessor of meteorological physics in the
national Weather Bureau and at the
George Washington University. Ac-
cording to Dr. Humphreys, while the
sun radiates less heat when the sun
spots are at a minimum, the earth con-
serves and throws off more heat, so
that instead of a chilly summer the
present cold spring may emerge into
a hot mid-summer,
Herbert J. Browne, a Washington
statistician, has told a’ congressional
investigating committee that the
present year will be cold and freak-
ish, and the precursor of several un-
usual years, which will culminate in
unfavorable weather conditions for
crop purposes two or three years
hence.
Mr. Browne bases his prediction on
observed cycles which record climatic
changes in periods of 123 years to 148
years, or to a greater cycle of: 271
vears, when the most unfavorable
weather conditions occur.
The Washington statistician, who is
also an authority on climatic changes,
based his conclusions on historical da-
ta.
AND PASSION PLAYERS
PLAN VISIT.
To save the famous Passion Play of
Oberammergua for future generations,
Anton Lang, three times Christus of
the sacred drama, is coming to Ameri-
ca. While in this country, Lang and
a group of his fellow-artists will be
seen in a miniature setting of their
beloved village at their work benches
and in festival, giving America a
glimpse into the every day lives of
these simple people during the ten
year interval between the plays. The
invitation to visit America was ex-
tended to the Passion Players by Ray-
mond C. Schindler, of New York, and
Peter Michelson.
“Few Americans have any concep-
tion of the conditions existing in Ob-
erammergua now,” said Mr. Michel-
son. “Perhaps an insight into these
conditions as well as into the sturdy
character of these people may be gain-
ed from the knowledge that, at the
time an offer of $1,000,000 for a film
of the play was rejected, the villagers,
in many instances, did not have the
money to provide the ordinary neces-
sities of life, and the Play committee
was desperately considering ways to
provide funds for the music and vocal
teachers whose work must begin now
if there is to be any Passion Play in
1930.
“The receipts from the Passion Play
give an idea of what really happened.
The price for the best seats when the
play opened was 100 marks, the dol-
lar then being worth 200 marks.
Twelve years before, when the last
Passion Play was given, the same
seats sold for about $2.50. These
prices were never increased, and when
the play closed in September last, the
mark was only worth 2,500 to the dol-
lar. When the receipts were finally
turned over to the actors the mark
stood at 8,000 to the dollar! Anton
Lang worked eleven months in re-
hearsal and performances and receiv-
ed a total of 27,000, Following the
play he visited Munich to have his
i fixed and the dentist presented
him with a modest bill, but it was for
200,000 marks.
“Today conditions are at their
worst. Shoes cost not less than 50,000
marks and butter costs 8,000 marks a
pound when it can be obtained. Every-
thing else is in proportion and actual
living is almost impossible. A recent
letter from Mrs. Anton Lang to a
friend in the country gratefully ac-
LANG
i says, will materially assist in caring
{for a baby she expects soon.
| “It was these conditions that
brought the men of Oberammergua to
the realization that desperate meas-
ures were needed and the way out was
finally discovered. The art of Ober-
ammergau is as old, although not so
well known, as the Passion Play itself.
Its wood-carvers, potters and painters
come from generations of wood-carv-
ers, potters and painters. It is doubt-
ful if any other community in the
world of like size has as many artists,
whose works have won such distine-
tion in the art exhibitions of Europe
as have the works of these simple
people.
“Germany can no longer afford
these luxuries and were it not for the
orders for handiwork that came at the
time of the Passion Play, the carvers
would today be chopping wood in the
forests. If an outlet can be found for
this work in America, through the me-
diurh of an exposition, the problems
of the village would be solved. The
families would be assured a comforta-
ble living during the trying years
ahead, the orphans cared for, the much-
needed hospital and schools built, and
abve all, the Passion Play given again
in 1930 in compliance with the vow
made over three hundred years ago.
In other words, the Oberammergauer
was offered the opportunity to work
out his own salvation.”
According to Mr. Michelson it is ex-
pected that the Oberammergau crafts-
men, who have united for the purpose
of this visit under the name of the
Oberammergau Home Arts, will ar-
rive during October. They will visit,
in addition to New York, Washington
Philadelphia and Chicago.
Neighbors, Attention!
The Keystone class adoption of
Modern Woodmen of America, includ-
ing the camps of Milroy, Millheim,
Port Matilda, State College and
Bellefonte with over 100 candidates
will take place in the Bellefonte armo-
ry, Friday evening, May 18th, at 7 p.
m. at which time parade will form
led by the M. W. A., of State College
and the I. 0. O. F. band of Bellefonte.
~The committee requests the pres-
ence of every neighbor in order to
make this meeting a success.
Supreme organizer, Ralph E. John-
son, of Lincoln, Nebraska, and State
deputy Wychoff, of Pittsburgh, will
be the chief guests of honor.
—— During the rose festival
Portland, thieves stole two suit cases
belonging to a Methodist preacher.
When the bandits examined the bag-
gage and found only materia theolog-
ica they promptly abandoned the loot.
And it was soon recovered, which is
something akin to the tale of the lady
of the parsonage, waking her husband
with the dread news that there was a
burglar in the house. The preacher
muttered sleepily as he relapsed into
unconsciousness: “Well, let him find
out his mistake for himself. ”—North-
western Christian Advocate.
in|,
——Subscribe for. the “Watchman.” | order to attain certain ends.
FARM NOTES.
—1It never pays to plant poor seed
in order to save money. The very
best seed obtainable should be plant-
ed at all times.
—A good insect powder should be
put on the currant and gooseberry
bushes, to prevent worms getting a
start. To delay may mean loss of a
crop.
—Sows due to farrow should be
separated from the herd two or three
weeks before the farrowing date and
pk where they can farrow undisturb-
ed.
—Adult canker worms are now
climbing up fruit trees to deposit their
eggs. To prevent their doing great
damage the tree trunks should be
bandaged with sticky fly-paper or cot-
ton.
—During the month of April every
Pennsylvania farmer should turn his
attention to cleaning out the barn of
all wheat chaff, straw and dust so as
to get rid of all traces of the angou-
mois grain moth.
—In preparing wool fleeces for mar-
ket be sure that all tags are removed.
The fleece should be carefully rolled
and tied, seeing that there are no
stray ends. Use a hard glazed twine
in the tieing; no sisel or binder twine
should be used.
—Ropy milk is caused by bacteria
that grow best at a temperature of
about sixty degrees Fahr. This con-
dition, while not dangerous, should be
avoided by keeping milk below fifty
degrees. Proper care should be used
in sterilizing utensils.
—The surface soil of the orchard
should be stirred as soon as possible
after the frost is out of the ground.
If the soil is light and friable, har-
rowing will be sufficient, but if rather
stiff or if there is a heavy clover crop,
plowing will be necessary.
—Practice and observation will soon
enable a person who has fair judg-
ment to determine just what trimming
the feet of each colt needs and how
often attention to them will be requir-
ed. As a general rule, the feet should
be examined every six or eight weeks.
—If the peach buds have not yet
burst their coats, it is not too late to
apply winter strength lime-sulphur
for leaf curl control. Apple scab will
be bad this year if the blossoms show
; pink during very wet weather. Do
inot overlook this application of the
“pink spray.”
—Spraying is of more importance
in most orchards than pruning,
though there is plenty of room for
both. But no one can afford to let the
trees go unsprayed. The first spray
should be applied just when the buds
are broken, which means that prepara-
tion should be made before that.
—DMechanical improvement is as im-
portant to soils as is improvement in
plant food. It is possible to tell the
needs of the soil by watching the
growth and development of the crops,
and, also, by noting the color and tex-
ture of the soil.
Crops require certain plant foods in
Those
ends cannot be reached if there is an
insufficient quantity of these plant
foods available to the needs of the
plants. By careful noting what the
plant is doing it is possible to find out
just what plant food is lacking in the
soil or in what there is excess.
Should the crop be making an in-
ferior growth, the soil requires a par-
ticular plant food. Should there be
an excessive growth, there is too much
of that plant food in the soil.
Nitrogen causes necessary growth.
But if the plant is given an excessive
amount of nitrogen, the production of
fruit and grain will be retarded, while
there will be an excessive growth.
Besides the plant is more liable to
suffer mildew, smut or rust. With
excessive growth.
In the production of fruit and grain,
both potash and phosphorus are re-
quired. In the maturity of grain
phosphorus is especially needed, and
in the formation of starch potash is
required. It may bé known that the
available supply of potash and phos-
phorus is lacking where the produc-
tion of fruit or grains is inferior, even
though the production of stem and
leaf is ample. There is a lack in min-
eral plant foods, especially potash,
where soils are excessively rich in or-
ganic matter, peaty soils for instance.
Even more reliable than sicentific
investigations or chemical analysis is
the color of the soil itself to tell in
what elements it is deficient or what
is required. This is no guess work.
Black soils are, as a rule, rich in
humus, considerable nitrogen, soluble
phosphorus and potash. The humus
acts upon the unsoluble mineral ele-
Denis making them soluble or avail-
able
A mellow black soil over the proper
subsoil is rich enough in all the plant
foods to grow any of the common
crops.
Yellow soils, the color of clay, are
lacking in humus, nitrogen and avail-
able mineral plant foods.
Such crops as corn or forage do
best on soils rich in humus, but they
make unprofitable growths on clayey
soils. But fruit does best on clayey
soils as fruit does not need much ni-
trogen. On soils rich in nitrogen
there is too much growth of green
leaf and the production of fruit is re-
tarded.
The texture of the soil is also a
good indication of what is required.
Humus makes mellow soils, conse-
quently a soil that is hard and com-
pact is one that is deficient in not only
humus, but also in nitrogen and solu-
bie mineral elements. Even if deep-
ly plowed and well pulverized, after a
heavy rain such soils will run togeth-
er, become compact and nearly as
hard as they would have been had
they not been plowed. Naturally,
such soils require humus and proba-
bly are deficient in all of the plant
foods in their available supply.
The requirement of all soils may be
supplied by natural or artificial means.
The natural way may be by applica-
tion of manures produced upon the
farm and by rotation of crops. The
artificial way is by the use of com-
mercial fertilizers.
forage, an excess of nitrogen will give |.
Shoes. Shoes.
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i THE SHOE STORE FOR THE POOR MAN i
D1 Bush Arcade Building 58-27 BELLEFONTE, PA. gi
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SIX THOUSAND CARLOADS OF TELEPHONE
MATERIAL WILL BE ADDED TO THE BELL
SYSTEM IN PENNSYLVANIA THIS YEAR
Thus material is required to care for the
twenty-five million dollar construction
program which is now under way.
To accomplish the work, three cars
loaded with telephone equipment must
leave the factories for every hour of
working time throughout the year.
This is the most tremendous telephone con-
struction program ever undertaken in this
state.
During the past three years we have in-
DAILY NUMBER OF LOCAL TELEPHONE
CALLS IN PENNSYLVANIA=1919-1922
3500000
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7 an 25000005
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© 99 1920 WU 92
previous years.
our efforts to furnish
telephorie service in Pennsylvania.
C. W. Heilhecker
stalled more equipment than in any six
The 1923 program is a continuation of
THE BELL TELEPHONE COMPANY ]
OF PENNSYLVANIA
a comprehensive
knowledges a gift of $5 which, she
Come to the “Watchman” office for High Class Job work.
A ———
Lyon & Co. Lyon & Co.
Special Sale
300 yards of Fine Batists, Voiles and Lawns—all col-
ors; values from 50 to 85c.—sale price 35¢.
200 yards 36 in. Percale—all colors; worth 25c.—sale-
price 18c.
150 yards Apron Check Gingham, only 15c. 500 yards
Dress Ginghams, worth 35 to 40c.—sale price 25¢.
Good Heavy Toweling, during this sale 10c.
Royal Worcester and Bon Ton
....Corsets.....
Our Summer stock of Corsets is just in. See our special Corset
at $1.00. Model Brassiers—the ‘Model Brassier’’ is the
best in the market.
Bandeaus from soc. up. Corset Brassiers
from $1.00 up.
Shoes . . .. Shoes
We have just received a new line of Ladies, Mens and Childrens
Shoes. Ladies in Black, Tan and White.
A new Black Satin 1-Strap Slipper at $3.50
A new Tan 1-Strap Slipper - - ‘ 4.00
: A new Tan Oxford Slipper - - “ 4.00
A new White Oxford Slipper - *‘‘ 2.25
Mens and Childrens Shoes at Special Sale Prices.
Rugs, Carpets, Linoleum
Matting Rugs 9x12, special $5.00. Wilton and Axmin-
ster at special sale prices. Linoleum at great reduction
J Lyon & Co. «Lyon & Co. { & Co. « Lyon & Co.