Benmore tc
Bellefonte, Pa., October 28, 1921.
WHY
Boasting Is Comparatively Un
known in Japan
“To boast,” said my Japanese friend
“js, according to our point of view.
one of the cardinal sins. We so de
test boasting that we go to the other
extreme, deprecating anything or any:
body connected with ourselves. Thus,
when some one says to me, “Your
brother has amassed a great fortune;
he must be a man of great ability,’ 1
will reply: ‘He is not so very able
Perhaps he is only lucky.’ As a mat
ter of fact, it happens that my broth-
er is a man of exceptional ability. But
I must not say so; it is not good form
for me to praise his qualities.
“In speaking of our wives and chil
dren we do the same. We say, ‘my
poor wife,’ or ‘my insignificant wife,
although our wives may fulfill our idea
of everything a woman should be.
“Also the reverse of this proposition
is true. We sometimes signify our dis
approval or disliae of some one by
speaking of him ir terms of too high
praise,
“Among ourselves we fully under
stand these things. It is merely a code
we follow. But I fear that this prac
tice sometimes causes foreigners to
misunderstand us.
accustomed to speak literally, they
are inclined to take us so. Also, they
are not likely to realize that we are
most critical of those for whom we
have profound regard. Why shoala
we waste our time or our critical con-
sideration upon persons vho
nothing to us or wliom we dislike?
“Yet, after all,” he continued, with
a little twinkle in his eye, “human na-
ture is much the same the world over.
There was an American here in Kioto
once who used to forbid his wife and
sister to smoke cigarettes, but I ob-
served that he was quick to pass his
cigarette case to other ladies.”—ju-
lian Street in the Century Magazine.
Being themselves |
niean
IDEA FROWNED ON BY NATURE
Become Poorer and Will Ultimate-
ly Become Extinct.
grow poorer
= 1
TRULY OPTIMISM HAS Ling,
Josh Smiler Met Day's Many Adversi.
ties With a Smile, but There Are
Some Things! i
“Ha, ha, ha!” laughed Joshua Smil- |
ar. “It's Friday, the thirteenth, Good
job I'm not superstitious, otherwise I |
should be miserable all day today!”
Smiling happily, Josh dropped his :
collar stud. Nevertheless, after half |
an hour's search he found it again, |
and continued dressing.
“Oh, Josh,” said Mrs. Smiler at
breakfast, “the pedal broke off my sew- .
ing machine yesterday!” !
“That's unfortunate,” said Smiler.
“But never mind, dear, I'll bring you
back a motor this evening, and you'll
be able to run the machine on that.”
It started to rain just as Smiler pre-
pared to leave the house. |
“My umbrella, dear?” he said to his
wife.
“Oh, Josh,” she cried, “I forgot to
tell you, some one stole your umbrella
from the hall yesterday!”
“Oh, well,” answered Smiler, “It had
a hole in it, anyway!” And he stepped
out briskly through the shower.
Other little things, which many men
would foolishly have allowed to dis-
turb them, did happen to Smiler that
day, but he did not grumble until re-
turning home in the train he pulled
out his fountain pen to jot down a
brilliant idea that had occurred to him.
The pen was empty!
Well, I ask you! Even optimism
has its limits.—Chicago Daily News.
GREAT POET TRUE GENTLEMAN
Carlyle’s Pen Portrait of Schiller
Among Finest of the Tributes
Paid to Him.
In his dress and manner, as in all
things, he was plain and unaffected.
Among strangers, something shy and
retiring might occasionally be ob-
served in him: in his own family, or
among his select friends, he was kind-
hearted, free, and gay as a little child.
In public, his external appearance had
nothing in it to strike or attract. Of
an unpresuming aspect, wearing plain
apparel, his looks as he walked were
constantly bent on the ground; so that
—_— i frequently, as we are told, “he failed
Why Single-Child Family Tends tc
to notice the salutation of a passing
| acquaintance; but if he heard it, he
| would catch hastily at his hat, and
| give his cordial ‘Guten Tag.” Modesty.
That the ‘“one-child family” tends to
and not richer is the:
principal point made in a report by '
the Child Study society of Tranayl-
vania after collecting a large mass of
data in the Banat (southwestern part
of Transylvania), where the system
most prevails. The Roumanian cor-
respondent of the Lancet (London)
writes :
“Their report states that until re-
cently it had ‘been thought that the
system was purely a question of
economics. People did not wish te
distribute their lands and wealth Dbe-
tween several children, but the cus
tom had now become independent ot
land questions. It was quite clear
that the ‘single-child’ family did be-
come not richer but poorer.
gle-child’ generation tended to grow
up idle and self-indulgent. If they
The, ‘sin: |
were landed proprietors their farms |
F york by others, necessitating | | ]
were worked by "| “blue laws” passed in the Seventeenth
! century,
“Farmers began to understand that :
payment of heavy wages.
the single-child system meant their
ruin, but the custom was deeply root-
nd the people were very conserva- 3 :
pas Too er hah several eh dren ¢ their wives in public, such conduct be-
: : Si : © | ing penalized as “lewd and unseemly
{ behavior.”
were actually despised.
“Ancther reason for the single-child
svstem was feminine vanity; women
thought that by avoiding childbirth
they would remain young and enjoy
life for a longer time. The only child
was spoiled by his parents, and too |
often entered early into a career of
dissipation, the result being rapid
physical! and mental deterioration.”
Why Radio Appeals.
There was a time when wireless
telegraphy appealed only to the so-
called amateur, and his interest was
rather directed toward the technical
end than the mere pleasure of gather-
ing messages out of the air for what-
ever they were worth. With the es-
tablishing of government radio reports
and a number of radio telephone
broadcasting stations throughout the
country, radio reception becomes a
matter of considerable interest to
everyone, especially persons in remote
districts who are ordinarily more or
less out of touch with the world at
large. Today the farmer, the business
man in the small village, the camper
and others can use a simple receiving
set and keep posted on what is going
on in commerce, politics, sports, stock
and bond market, and even religion.—
Scientific American.
ww...
Why Called “White House.”
The mame “White House” applied
%g (he residence of the President of
the United States, came from the fact
that the building is constructed of
freestcne and is painted white, Dur-
ing the administration of Presidents
Harrison and McKinley, the term
«executive mansion” was used by
White House officials. President
Roosevelt returned to the term “White
House.”
i ———
Why Some Men Like Golf.
«What is there about golf that gives
a man such a sense of freedom snd
exhilaration?”
«I don’t know,” replied Mr. Grow-
cher, “unless it’s the privilege of
promenading over the landscape with-
out being warned to keep off the
grass.”
—Get your job work done here.
simplicity, a total want of all parade
or affectation were conspicuous in
him. These are the usual conccmi-
tants of true greatness, and serve to
witigate its splendor. Common things
he did as a common man. His con-
duct in such matters was uncalculated,
spontaneous; and therefore natural
and pleasing.—Thoinas Carlyle,
_ When Kissing Was Illegal,
Laws against kissing still exist in
America, which produces most of the
films from which the Japanese cen-
sors last year cut out 120,000 feet of
kissing scenes, observes London Tit-
its.
Not many years ugo a student of
Yale university and his sweetheart
were arrested for the crime of kissing
in a Boston restaurant. They were
sentenced to 15 days’ imprisonment,
the magistrate relying on one of the
when Massachusetts
British colony.
Under these laws many men were
fined or put in the stocks for Kissing
was a
The enly measure of this kind ever
enforced in England was of a tem-
porary nature. In 1439 an act of par-
liament was passed prohibiting kiss-
ing, owing to the pestilence raging
over England and France.
Many Years Ago.
White-hairea Uncle Peleg Perkins, |
known as the oldest person in his
coninunity, was standing by his gate
when a touring car stopped close be-
hind him. Several of the ladies in it
asked numerous patronizing questions
concerning the locality. Then one of
them remarked:
“You must have been around here
quite a long time.”
Uncle Peleg slowly raised his stick |
and pointed toward a not distant
mountain. |
“Yes, marm,” he said gravely. “I!
have so. You see that there big, high
mounting over acrosst? Wal, the time
I fust come here that there mounting
wa’'n’t but just about the bigness of
an ant hill.”—Harper’s Magazine.
Plants That Mimic Stones.
In South Africa a plant of tie genus
Mesembryanthemum, growing on stony
oround, so closely resembles a pebble
that it has been picked up in mistake
for a stone. Another species of the |
same plant, growing on the hills |
around the Karru, produces two i
leaves about as large as ducks’ eggs,
having a surface resembling weath- |
ered stone, of a brownish-gray color
tinged with green. These plants look
like stones, but for a short time they |
put forth bright yellow flowers. Stilt |
another species of the same plant re-
sembles the quartz pebbles among ,
which it grows.
Armenian Music,
The melodies and composition of
Armenian music are unique, although
in recent years Russian. Italian and |
English styles have been incorporated
in her music, and many Armenian
operas are sung in other countries.
The national marching song of Tur-
key, oppressor of Armenia, was writ-
ten by an Armenian in the national !
style of the Turks.
, jecting
work which must hereafter and'in the |
i eome,
RAILROAD PLAN TO
GET RATES DOWN
Propose to Reduce Wages and
Return All the Saving by
Reduction in Charges.
FULL TEXT OF THE PROPOSAL
Statement by Thomas de Witt Cuyler,
Chairman of the Association of
Railway Executives on
the Situation.
Following a meeting in Chicago, Oc
tober 14, 1921, of the presidents of
i
1
1
nearly all the leading railroads in the
country, Mr. Thomas De Witt Cuyler, |
Chairman of the Association of Rail- !
way Executives, made the following
statement:
At a meeting of the association of
Railway Executives today, it was de-
termined by the railroads of the United
States, to seek to bring about a reduc-
tion in rates, and as a means to that
end to seek a reduction in present rail.
road wages which have compelled
maintenance of the present rates.
An application will be made imme
diately to the United States Railroad
f.aber Board for a reduction in wages
of train service employees sufficient to
remove the remainder of the increases!
made by the Labor Board's decision of
July 20, 1920 (which would involve a
further reduction of approximately ten
per cent), and for a reduction in the
wages of all other classes of railroad
labor to the going rate for such labor
in several territories where the car-
riers operate,
To Reduce Rates as Wages Go Down
The foregoing action is upon the un-
derstanding that concurrently with
such reduction In wages the benefit of
the reduction thus obtained shall, with
the concurrence of the Interstate Com-
merce Commission, be passed on to the
public in the reduction of existing
railroad rates, except in so far as this
reduction shall have been made in the |
meantime.
The managements have decided upon i
this course in view of their realization
of the fact that the wheels of indus-
trial activity have been closed down to
a point which brings depression and
distress to the entire public, and that
something must be done to start them
again in operation,
The situation which confronts the
railreads is extremely critical. The
railroads in 1920 realized a net railway
operating income of about $62.000,000.
upon a property investment of over
£19.000,000,000, and even this amount
in the United States were held within |
of 62 million included back mail pay |
for prior years received from the gov-
ernment of approximately $64,000,000.
thus showing, when the operations of
that year alone are considered, an
actual deficit before making any al:
lowance for either interest or divi-
dends,
mental authority made the last wa
increase, the labor cost of the rail
roads was about $3,698,000,000 annual.
ly, or, if continued throughout the year
instead of for the eight months during
which the wage increases were in ef-
fect, the labor cost, on an annual basis,
would have been largely in excess of
£3,900,000,000—an increase, nce the
government took charge of railroad
wages in the Adamson Act, of approxi
mately $2,450,000.060 : nnually.
In the light of these figures, it is
manifest that the recent reduction of
wages authorized b— the Labor Board.
estimated at from 10 to 12 per cent
i no sense meets or solves th: proh-
lem of labor costs and in 1 = way makes
it possible for the railroads to afford
a reduction i1. their revenues.
Thousands of Rates Already Reduced
Indeed, during the past year there
have been between four and five thou-
sand individual reductions in freight
rates. On sozle railroads the reduc
tions in rates have amounted to more |
than the reductions in wages so far
made, and on many other railroads the |
reductions in wages allowed no net re:
turn on operations. but merely pro
wided against the further accumulation
of a deficit.
The point is often made that agrieul
ture and other industries are also suf-
fering the same immediate difficulties
as’ the railroads, why, therefore, do not
the railroads take their medicine lil:
anybody else? The answer lies in sen
eral facts:
1. The railroads were not permitted,
as were other industries, to make
charges during the years of prosperi‘y,
making possible the accumulation of
surplus to tide them over the present
extreme adversity. According to the
reports of the Interstate
Commission, the rate of return
property investment of the railroads of
the United States for the past severu!
vears has been as follows:
RATE OF
AILROADS OF THLE UNITED
STATES ON THEIR PROP-
ERTY INVESTMENT.
HAZ, vend bs nnnsie wiinis neni $.54%
IDID eciviini soins. D155
THI esereiinivsensnioee ITH
I0I5 vrei tt snnsvea.. $200,
1916 (fiscal yeary......... DOO%
16 (calendar year)...... 6.16%
TOUT rare wus anainatenins wuisinivs HEB
1038 seaescerscrsnseennnes 301%
TOLD ouvsviiseonsisnnmenens 2800
1820 0d ces Sedna ssannsasss OD20C0
It will thus be noted that during the
years when other industries were mak-
ing very large profits, when the prices
of farm products and the wages of la-
hor were soaring to unheard-of heights, :
the earnings upon railroad investment
very narrow limits and that they have
during the past four years progres-
sively declined.
Roads Handicapped More Than Other
Business
2. The railroads are responsible to
the public for providing adequate
transportation, Their charges are lim-
ited by public authority, and they are
in very large respects (notably for la-
bor) compelled to spend money on a
basis fixed by public authority. The
margin within which they are permit-
' ted to earn a return upon their invest-
The year ended in serious depression |
in all branches of Industry, and in’
marked reduction of the market de-
mand for and the prices of basic com-
modities, resulting in a very serious
falling off in the volume of traffic.
Roads Forced to Defer Maintenance
In this situation, a rolicy of the most
rigid economy and of postponing and
cutting to the bone the upkeep of the
properties was adopted by the rail-
roads. This was at the price of neg-
and for the time deferriag
near future be done and paid for. This
is illustrated by the fact that, as of
September 15, 1921, over 16 per cent
or 374.431 in number, of the freight
ears of the carriers were in bad order
and needing repairs, as against a nor-
mal of bad order cars of not more
- than 160,000, as is further illustrated
hy the deferred and inacequate main-
tenance of other equipment and of
roadway and structures.
Even under those conditions, and
with th's large bill charged up against
the future,—which must soon be pro-
vided for and paid if the carriers are
to perform successfully their transpor-
' tation duties,—the result of operations
for the first eight months of this year,
the latest available figures, has been
at a rate of net ra®way operating in-
before providing for interest
or dividends, amounting to only 2.6
per cent, per annum on the valuation
of the carrier properties made by the
Interstate Commerce Commission in
the recent rate ‘case, an amount not
sufficient to pay the interest on their
outstanding bonds.
Roads’ Earnings Far Below Reasonable
Returns
It is manifest, from this showing,
that the rate of return of 5% or 6 per
cent for the first two years after March
1, 1820, fixed in the Transportation Act
| as a minimum reasonable return upon
railroad investment, has not been even
approximated—much less reached;
i and that the present ‘high rates accord-
| ingly
are not Cue to any statutory
guarantee of earnings, for there is no
such guarantee.
In analyzing the expenses which
have largely brought about this situa-
tion, it becomes evident that by far
the largest contributing cause is the
labor cost.
Today the railroads pay out to labor
approximately 60c on the dollar they
receive for transportation services,
| whereas in 1916, 40c on the dollar went
| to labor,
On the first day of January, 1917,
when the government took charge of
wages through the Adamson Act, the
labor cost of the railroads had not
exceeded the sum of about £1,468,000,-
000 annually. In 1920, w! 'n govern-
——Subseribe for the “Watchman.”
i
ment or to offer inducements to attract
new capital for extensions and better-
ments is extremely limited. However
much the railroads might desire, there-
fore, to reduce their charges in times
of depression, it will be perceived that
the limitations surrounding their ae-
tion do net permit them to give effect
to broad and elastic policies which
might very properly govern other lines
of business not thus restricted.
It has been urged upon the railroads |
that a reduction in rates will stimu-
late traffic and that increased traffic
will protect the carriers from the loss
incident to a reduction in rates. The
railroad managements cannot disguise |
from themselves that this suggestion is |
merely conjectural and that an adverse
result of the experiment would be dis-
astrouns not only to the railroads, but
to the public, whose supreme need fis
adequate transportation. Consequently
the railroad managements cannot feel
justified in placing these instrumentali-
ties, so essential to the public welfare,
at the hazard of such an experiment
hased solely upon such a conjecture.
Farmers Especlally Need Lower Rates
It is evident, however, that existing
transportation charges bear in many
cases a disproportionate relationship to
the prices at which commodities can be
sold in the market and that existing labor
and other costs of transportation thus
imposed upon industry and agriculture
aenerally a burden greater than they
should bear. This is especially true of
agriculture. The railroad managements
are feeling sensitive to and sympathetic
with the distressing situation and de-
sire to do everything to assist in reliev-
ing it that is compatible with their duty
to furnish the transportation which the
public must have.
At the moment railroads in many cases
are paying 40c. and hour for unskilled
labor when similar labor is working along-
side the railroads and can easily be ob-
tained by them at 20c. an hour. The
railroads of the country paid in 1920 =a
total of considerably over $1.300,000,000 to
unskilled labor alone. However desirable
it may be to pay this or that schedule
of wages, it is obvious that it cannot be
paid out of railroad earnings unless the
industries which use the railroads are
capable of meeting sueh charges.
The railroads, and through them the
people generally, are also hampered in
their efforts to economize by a schedule
of working rules and conditions now in
force as a heritage from the period of
Federal control and upheld by the Rail-
road Labor Board. These conditions are
expensive, uneconomic and unnecessary
from the point of view of railroad opera-
tion and extremely burdensome upon the
public which pays the bill. This sched-
ule of wages and of working conditions
prevents the railroads from dealing
equitably with their labor costs in ac-
cordance with rapidly changing conditions
and the great variety of logal considera-
tions which ought to control wages in
different parts of the country. The rail-
roads are seeking to have these rules and
working <cnditions abrogated.
The railroads will seek a reduction in
wages now proposed by first requesting
the sanction of the Railroad T.abor Board.
The railroads will proceed with all possi-
. ble dispatch, and as.soon as the Railroad
| Labor Board shall have given its assent
i to the reduction of wages
C the general
reduction in rates will be put into effect.
—_Come here for your job work.
Commerce
on
RETURN EARNED BY!
Storage for Potatoes.
White potatoes should be stored in
‘a cool, dry and moderately well ven-
| tilated cellar or pit, is the advice of
county agent J. N. Robinson to farm-
. ers who plant to store a good part of
this year’s crop. Pits may be formed
by excavating a circle seven to twelve
feet in diameter, depending upon the
quantity of potatoes to be placed in
‘it. The depth may not be more than
eight inches. Place a good layer of
‘good clean straw on which to stack
‘ the potatoes in a conical pile. Cover
i the pile with a thin layer of straw on
which may be thrown a sprinkling of
earth to hold the straw in place.
; When the weather is cold and the no-
. tatoes are thoroughly cool, add more
earth. When freezing weather ar-
rives add another layer of straw and
a second covering of earth. A square
box of six inch boards with holes
, bored at frequent intervals will make
(a good ventilator when placed on end
iin the center of the pile and the po-
. tatoes filled around it.
ym
Correctly Answered.
Dr. N. Murray Butler, the president
of Columbia University, who has a
habit of telling amusing stories at
dinner, is responsible for the follow-
ing:
“You men,” he said, “are really in-
dolent this morning. Nothing I ask
you seems to be simple enough.
“Now Smith,” he continued, turn-
ing to one of His least brilliant stu-
dents, “try this one. What three
A Personal Invitation
— A —————————————
words are most used by college
men?”
“I don’t know,” answered Smith
hopelessly.
“At last!” exclaimed the lecturer
triumphantly. “Smith has scored full
marks for a question.”—Boston Post.
CLOGGED BLOOD
WITHERS THE BODY.
Workers Sick and Weak from Exer-
tion Take Gude’s Pepto-Mangan.
Men and women who toil, either
physically or mentally, use up energy.
When they over-work they use up
more energy, and sometimes the blood
gets in a run-down condition. With-
out rest the blood cannot get back to
normal, so that it becomes clogged
with waste matter from over-exer-
tion.
The clogged blood virtually with-
ers the body. The strained looks on
pale faces, the thin, bloodless arms,
the sunken cheeks and necks, the
dead-tired feeling, are the results of
stale blood depriving the system of
life-giving oxygen.
Workers go to the drug store and
get Gude’s Pepto-Mangan when they
feel weak and run down. They take
it in either the liquid or the tablet
form. That makes the blood rich and
red and drives out the poisons. Life-
giving oxygen, carried by the little
red cells, renews the strength and
builds up the entire system. Look for
the name “Gude’s Pepto-Mangan” on
the package.—Adv. 66-42
see them!
yourself.
fit and comfort.
isfaction.
choice.
eq vy of design’’—‘‘body-fitting
lines’’—*‘colorful
some things we were going to say about
the styles for Fall and Winter.
Then we thought—*‘If men could only
Seeing is believing with un-
usglly good looking clothes like these.”
So we ask you to come in and see for
You'll have no trouble in pick-
ing out garments that favor you in style,
The Fauble Label guar-
antees that the tailoring, trimming and
wearing qualities will give you lasting sat-
An answer to this invitation—in
person—is cordially requested.
hope you will call while designs and
fabrics are still in abundant variety
and thereby be certain of having ample
“A. Fauble
patterns’ were
We
Handling Your Funds.
A Business Manager who disburses
funds at your direction, a secretary
ho
who keeps your accounts, a sleepless
sentinel guarding your funds, a car-
rier who delivers to all corners of the
ceuntry—all these and many other of-
fices are performed by the bank.
Money which you wish to send with-
in this city or to distant points is con-
veyed by your check simply, safely
and cheaply.
The checking account is only one of
the many mediums through which this
bank serves its customers. There are
many other ways in which we can be
helpful! to you and it would be our
pleasure to serve you in any or all of
them.
CENTRE COUNTY BANKING CO
BELLEFONTE, PA.
60-4