TRS
Bellefonte, Pa., October 14, 1921.
. 6Zo. a"nr
PLAY THE MAN.
Play the man
With your body. Keep it fit,
By the highest use of it,
¥or the service of the soul,
very part in full control.
Strong to labor, deft to do
All that is required of you—
Play the man.
Play the man
Keep your inmost soul as pure
As your father’s virtue.
If within no evil dwells
"There's no power in all the hells
Strong enough to draw you down,
Rob you of your manhood’s crown—
Play the man.
—Selected.
———— A —————
GREATEST INSURANCE BUREAU
IN THE WORLD.
The biggest insurance business in
the world, the biggest pension sys-
tem in the world, the biggest educa-
tional program in the world, and the
biggest, the most intricate and diffi-
cult medical and hospitalization pro- |
gram in the world—all, with the pass-
ing of the Sweet bill, are headed up
to one man,
Forbes, formerly director of the Bu-
reau of War Risk Insurance, writes
Donald Wilhelm, in Leslie's.
The War Risk job has been from
the start a man’s size job, such a job
that there were experts in organiz-
ing large enterprises who said that
the seeds of death were in it at its
birth. It was centralized in Wash-
ington by its charter; it has not until
now, by the Sweet bill, been given
authority to decentralize its enor-
mous activities.
“Jt was built up,” says Colonel
Forbes, “almost over night. 1 do not
know of any business organization
commensurate in size with it that was
ever built up in twice the time. Every
day we open here about 50,000 pieces
of mail, and we represent $3,000,000,-
000 of capital—we carry that amount
of insurance. We pay out in claims
every month a good deal more than
$10,000,000 and the payment of every
cent is governed by law. We have
now on our own payroll 4600 persons;
the Bureau has had at periods three
times as many. These ten millions
we pay out monthly go to a payroll
of 816,444 ex-service men and wom-
en. That isn’t all! We have during
the recent months been clearing up
insurance claims against the govern-
ment and have been paying out more
than $9,000,000 in such claims in ad-
dition to all other claims.
then, we are now paying out fully
$20,000,000 a month to ex-service men
and women.” -
Colonel Forbes, as head of the Vet-
erans’ Bureau, is the director not. on-
ly of the activities handled by the Bu-
reau of War Risk, which are enor-
mous and intricate, but also the direc-
tor of the Federal Board of Voca-
tional Education and the veteran
medical and hospital activities here-
tofore handled by these two great
agencies and by the Public Health
Service.
The Federal Board of Vocational
Education is the biggest and doubt-'
less the most difficult educational pro-
gram ever attempted. One authority
has said of it: “No comparable en-
terprise in the industrial world has
ever been built up to such magnitude
in such a short space of time.” 1t is
now retraining apporximately 75,000
handicapped veterans of the war,!
5000 of whom are in training in 130
hospitals with 400 teachers, while the
bulk of the others are in 1800 educa-
tional institutions and 8500 factories
and shops. Checks for maintenance
of all these men must go forward
twice a month on time, and the tens
of thousands of applications for
training must be handled on time or—
the board comes in for cne more blast
of criticism.
eee.
DEVELOPING THE PHILIPPINES.
Development of Philippine natural
resources and the manufacturing and
industrial plants has hardly started.
Capital and workers are needed and
the markets for both are tight.
About one-third of the total area of
the island is covered with timber.
Practically all of this is owned by the
government, which grants concessions
for timber cutting and saw mills,
There are about fifty sawmills; most
of them are small.
jauan, the trees 200 feet high, are the
principal wood of commercial value.
The red is used as a substitute for
mahogany. Apitong and guijo are
the next timbers in value.
Woods for varnishes, paper pulp,
perfumery, essential oils, dyes, tan-
ning and medical purposes grow wild,
but little has been done to make them
commercially valuable.
Dark-Skinned Chicken Produced by
Science.
A chicken, “black-skinned from
drumsticks to neck, has been develop- |
ed at the Carnegie Institution’s ex-
perimental evolution station at Cold
Spring Harbor, L. L
The brid popped into the world
while scientists were playing put and
take with chromosomes, germ plasms,
whose change in number and shape is
held responsible by biologists for ra-
cial colorings.
The dusky chick is not easily dis-
tinguishable from an ordinary white-
skinned sister, for it is fully clothed
in regulation features. By lifting
these feathers, however, the skin is
revealed jet black, warranted not to
run.
J——
Gossip by Housewives Forbidden in
Germany.
“Goseip” by housewives is forbid-
den by the municipal council of the
German township of Suhl, because of
the loss of time and neglect of duty
occasioned thereby. Police have or-
ders to arrest all women found gos-
siping on doorsteps or over garden
walls. Gossip is allowed only on Sun-
day afternoons and after sunset.
Colonel Charles R.!
Altogether
Red and white |
GAME LAWS FOR 1921.
tions on the hunting of birds and big
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WHY
A tendency to tighten the restiic- | po. Js Chief Obstacle to Prog-
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game is noted in the game laws of
1921, a summary of which, both Fed-
eral and State, has been compiled by
| the Biological Survey of the United
| States Department of Agriculture,
| and published as Farmers’ Bulletin
11235. Among the notable changes
' made during the present year was the
| amending of the migratory bird trea-
| ty act regulations with respect to bag
This amendment provides that the
daily bag limit of any person shall
now include “all birds taken by any
| other person who for hire accompa-
nies or assists him in taking migra- |
This will put an end to | something better to offer than mere
{ tory birds.”
| the abuse of privileges under the reg-
ly bag limits by persons who claim
| companying them.
The Federal waterfowl season for
California was fixed from October 1
to January 15, replacing the old sea-
| son of October 16 to January 31, the
season now being the same under both
Federal and State laws. Regulation
9, governing the issuance of Federal
scientific permits, was amended to
permit the issuance of limited and
special permits.
State legislation harmonized Fed-
eral and State laws on waterfowl and
' shore birds in Kansas and Oregon,
and on waterfowl i
and Rhode Island; Washington pre-
i scribed a State-wide open season on
| all migratory game birds from Octo- |
ber 1 to January 15, thus deviating
| from the Federal regulations, which
| supersede the State law, east of the
| be possible to hunt migratory game-
| birds only from October 1 to Decem-
| Cascade Mountains, where it will now |
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ulations regarding the prescribed dai- | penitentiary.
that birds were killed by guides ac-
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in Pennsylvania
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ress of Mankind
J. S. Knox of Cleveland. lecturer
and writer on persondl efficiency. in
discussing salesmanship recently, de-
clared:
“You hove just three things to offer
to the -world—brains, character and
muscle. Which are you going to of-
fer? 1f you offer brains, you are a
‘chin-upper.’ If you offer nothing but
muscle. you are a ‘chin-downer.” What
can you sell for a price—your best,
your second best, or your worst?
Brains come high, but unless you have
brains you are headed straight for the
Chara-~ter, in combina-
tion with brains, correctly trained. is
the best-paid product in the world.”
“What do you regard as the chief
obstacle to success?’ he was asked,
“Fear!” he exclaimed emphatically.
«Fear and Ignorance. Fear is the
great foe of the race. It robs u¢ of
the best there is in life. 1f we submit
to fear, it will held us down in pover-
ty, misery, despair.
“Knowledge is the antidote for fear,
as surely as light is the autidote for
darkness. Courage und self-confidence |
are the results of knowledge. Success
is not so much a matter of brain as
it is of getting the right facrs and
learning how to use them. There is
no such thing in life as an opportunity
for any man unless he is ready for it.
You esn create opportunities by devel-
oping your native powers, by guther-
ing practical information and ideas.
“America’s greatest tragedy and
‘ber 31, without violating either Fed- | greatest loss is due to lack of educa-
| eral or State law; in Idaho the open
| season on migratory game birds has
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tion. If a man doubled the use of his
brain power the world would he tre-
‘been shortened under State law two | mendously benefited, as well as the
' weeks by opening October 1 instead | man himself.
i of September 16,
! December 31.
Idaho, Kansas, Montana, Nebraska,
| Oregon and Washington enacted leg-
{islation similar to the Federal regu- |
lation prohibiting hunting frem air-
i planes. Colorado reduced the bag
| limit on ducks from 20 to 15 a day,
| while Kansas increased the limit from
{20 to 25.
| were protected at all times by being
i placed in the non-game class. The
| ened 25 days in Michigan, two weeks
lin New York and one month in Ver-
‘mont. Doves were protected until
11924 in Colorado, and in Kansas ani ys g molecule?
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In New Jersey reedbirds |°
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open season for woodcock was short- |
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The great American
and extending to gesert is not located west of the Mis-
sigsippi river, but under the hat of
the average man, because he uses only
a small percentage of his native tal-
ent.”"—Leslie’s.
TASK IS BEYOND SCIENTISTS
Why It Is Improbable That Mankind
Will Ever Be Able to See
a Molecule.
Shall we ever be able to get # mi-
croscope so powerful that it will show
Science believes not.
open season on them was provided | while the ultra-microscope enables us
| from September 1 to October 15.
| ABATE FLY BREEDING PLACES.
The production of several kinds of
flies important in the economy of
man, both as carriers of disease and
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as parasites of man and domestic ani- |
mals, depends to a large extent on the |
| facilities placed at the disposal of the
pests according to the Bureau of
Plant Industry, Pennsylvania Depart-
ment of Agriculture.
{ 1. Do you maintain an uncovered
manure pile?
2. An uncovered garbage can?
3. Piles of decomposing; ferment-
ing refuse?
4. Unsanitary open privies.
Such places offer the “ideal” incu-
bators for the propagation of the fly-
borne diseases. ;
What are the cheapest remedies for
such conditions, within reach of all?
1. You can cover or sterilize the
‘manure pile or spread the manure out
‘to dry!
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‘can, with tight-fitting lid!
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| per, or rags, or bale it and sell
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to detect an object as sinall as a five-
millionth part of an inch in diameter
—that is, the on-million-millionth of &
square inch—a molecule of hydrogen
is only o..e-thirtietsi of this.
The principle of the wultra-micro-
scope is simply that, instead of direct-
ing a powerful beam of light into the
microscope through the liquid to be
examined, it is sent horizontally into and the fish escaped with the spoon
the liquid at right angles to the line of
vision—from the side. Then, if the
floating particles—there is nothing to
reflect the light, and the fleld of vision
appears quite dark.
1f, on the other hand, tiny particies
are present in the liquid, the light is
reflected, and the minute points of
light stand out against the dark back-
ground, making the particles visible.
epee ———
Why Fatigue Is Dangerous.
For fatigue can be quite a danger-
2. "You can secure a metal garbage ous and costly luxury where many
workers are employed. It is found
You can burn old matting, pz- that it bears quite pointedly on the
it, | rate of production, and hence its cost,
rather than allow it to decompose in| ang on the accident and illness curves
some fence corner!
! 4. You can spray coal-oil, crude
i carbolic acid or use slaked lime, in
| open privies! t
If you do away with these incuba-
"tors for flies, the flies will not persist
in your immediate neighborhood!
Experiments conducted by the U.
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and on many other elements that entes
into industrial efficiency.
Surprising variations in the fatigue
caused by different kinds of work and
among workers in the same kind of
employment have been found.
In lpthe machine work operations
'S. Bureau of Entomology prove that | in a munition factory it was found
'under rural and urban conditions the average fall of strength from
| “flies” have marked powers of diffu-
| sion, and in the case of the typhoid
lor h
"to 13 miles.
| Cholera infantum and typhoid fe- | as 24.52 per cent. A
large toll of | wider variation among individuals.—
| vers that take their
| young people and infants, are carried
i by flies!
{ ee
PARCEL POST RATES TO JUMP.
t Parcel post rates must be increased
|if an investigation shows that this
| service is responsible for an expected
| deficit of $70,000,000 in the postal
| revenue this year, Postmaster Gener-
al Hays told the United Press.
| neers are now checking through tae
| entire country to learn if the parcel
| post, is as expected, one of the two
| big losing ventures of the depart-
| ment. 3
| Until 1920 postal revenues exceed-
| ed expenditures for several years but
| now deficits are showing, due to the
| business depression, increased wages
| and increased compensation to rail-
roads for carrying mail.
Hays declined to state whether he
approved of the one cent an ounce in-
Accountants and postoffice engi- |
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crease in first-class mail rates as pr -|
nis by Secretary Mellon, as a rev-
| enue producer.
Hays gave an itemized statement
showing how and where the Depart-
ment plans to reduce operating costs
by nearly $15,000,000.
r—————— eee
| Finegan Issues Call for Educational
Congress.
Dr. Thomas E. Finegan, state su-
perintendent of public instruction,
has issued the call for the third state
educational congress to be held at the
State capitol from November 10th to
12th. The congresses were inaugu-
rated in 1919 and have dealt with ed-
ucational problems, only school offi-
cials, or those directly interested,
participating. Many prominent ed-
ucators have been speakers.
Dr. Finegan in announcing issu-
ance of invitations to the superintend-
ents and principals to attend the con-
vention said the congress would be a
business side of educational matters.
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morning until knocking off time was
28.87 per cent. The average for other
ouse fly can cover distance :
y ove Storcesup i work in the same factory was as low
There was much
Milwaukee Journal.
ee i ——
Why Newfoundiand Is Important.
One importance of Newfoundland is
its geographical position. St. John's,
the chief port and capital of the coun-
try, is 1,000 miles nearer England
than is New York. Ia fact, it is only
1,466 miles from the coast of Ireland,
so greatly does the Atlantic shrink
off the coast of Newfoundland. That
is why this unique country has had the
distinction of receiving the first trans-
Atlantic wireless message at St.
John’s in 1901; and also why the first
nonstop trans-Atlantic airplane flight
started from the same vicinity. The
Cape Race light is the first greeting
from America to ships on the north-
ern route from Europe, and it is the
last to flash godspeed to east-bound
vessels. Newfoundland is verily the
stepping stone between America and
Europe.—World’s Work.
et ert meeps
Why Cultivation ls Imperative.
A scientific reason for the value of
cultivetion or tilth in agriculture has
been suggested by an interesting ca-
pillary phenomenon reported in Ger-
many. A block of plaster of paris or
‘other porous material was moistened
with salt solution, and on drying it
was found that evaporation withdrew
‘the salt, depositing It at the surface.
‘Hoeing or stirring the soil facilitates
evaporation by exposing a greater to-
tal surface. Jerome Alexander, In
Science, concludes that the rising of
the subsurface water brings to roots
‘soluble substances serving us plant
food, and that the capillary rise of
water also explains the curious fact
that cultivation in dry weather tends
‘to furnish moisture to the growing
crop.
mmm:
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BOYS WILL BE BOYS.
“Boys will be boys,” ghe used to say,
And with those words would she excuse
! The bit of roughness in their piay
That has resulted in a bruise;
She would forget the window pane
A flying baseball had crashed through;
8he'd try to smile and say, “It’s plain
Boys will be boys, whate’er they do!”
She did not scold when dripping wet
Her boy came home to tell her how
Upon the river bank he met
An accident. She'd say, “There now,
Boys will be boys. Go change your
clothes
Before your father finds you here."
And then a kiss to still his woes,
A tart, maybe, and “Hurry, deari”
“Boys will be boys,” and somehow she
Won more correction with a smile
Than any birch rod might decree—
And how they worshiped her the while.
And now 1 see how much the sage
She was; how much her creed of joy—
Her son, now reaching middle age,
Has still the epirit of a buy!
—E. Rutherford, Jr., in New York Sun.
«CANNED” DOGS GUARD FRUIT
Washington Orchardist Frightens
Away Petty Thieves With the
Use of Phonograph.
An old-tashioned talking machine
rigged in a beehive, with records of
violent barking by two frantic coliie
dogs is the “police protection” Ed-
ward Delle uses in his orchard and
vineyard at Zillah, Washington.
The record is operated by au elec
tric attachment. If & molor car is
heard to slow down where the or-
chard touches the highway, the canned |
dog music is turned loose. It never
has failed to discourage prospective
purloiners of fruit.
The day of the tourist has devel-
oped a pew species of petty thief, who,
while pilfering the farmers’ fields, de-
stroys as much as he carries away.
Every orchardist and melon grower
whose land adjoins & highway is tor-
mented and robbed every night by
travelers.
Delle’s grapevines and peach trees
are along the Sunset highway, at a
| point where the Yakima river takes
a broad turn and a clump of trees
hide that part of the orchard from the
ranchhouse. Many tourists plan to
drive along this road just after dusk
and much fruit has been stolen every
summer.
Since instelling his barking appar-
atus, Delle has hud no losses and
more fun than two circuses might give |
him, watching folk ciimb back into
cars and speed away.
Neighbors declare they can hear
Delle’s two “canned dogs” a mile
away and that the effect is realistic.
Twice Hooked Same Fish.
A fish story is told by an Alberta
reader. While fishing in a bay on
Vancouver island he hooked a very
large spring salmon, bat the line broke
in its mouth. A month later, while
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| fishi in the same § , h
liquid is optically empty—if it has no | ng e spol for fiattish,
our reader hooked & salon through
the back as he was pulling his line.
the fish was landed safely, and to
his surprise he found the same spoon
was in its mouth that he had lost.
The reader says he knows it was the
same spoon, as he had made it him-
self, and it was a very old pattern.
This remarkable fact shows that fish
do not travel very much in summer.
ot hubs mirire cr
Sloops’ Sails as Sign Boards.
Letting out advertising space on the
sails of their sloops has become 8 | Write on these strips of paper the |
new source of revenue to fishermen in
the vicinity of Long Island sound, the
New York Sun states. An ingenious
} FOR AND ABOUT WOMEN.
DAILY THOUGHT,
To Be Hoped For.
A little more sweet aud a little less sour,
A little less weed and a little more fiower,
A little more song and a little less sigh,
{ A little Jess earth and a little more sky!
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—Baltimore Sun. |
; For the invitations to a Hallowe'en
; dance, if you are not artistically in-
‘ clined, get a friend to draw for you a
i line of ghosts, dancing hand in hand.
| Copy these in black and white, using
i carbon paper, if necessary, across the
tops of correspondence cards, and un-
| derneath write:
| Ghosts will dance at my Louse cn
| Hallowe'en,
The time is half-past eight;
| Come found gowned in ghostly garb,
And perhaps you'll meet your fate.
! Underneath have your name and
| address.
This, of course, means a sheet and
| pillow-case party. They are especial-
{ly good for a dance, for when they
i unmask they can take off the sheets
and have their pretty light dancing
clothes underneath.
Have all the lights shrouded in
green paper to give a ghostly light.
The decorations could be boughs of
gutumn leaves and fiowers, so when
the dance comes it will really be a
pretty affair.
Ghosts.—For programs use ghosts
i cut from white aper. You can buy
these or make them at home. For
the first dance, call it “The Ghost's
Promenade,” and make it a sort of
follow-the-leader. Take an old rec-
ord and make a hole right near the
hole that is used in putting it on, and
it will make the wierdest music. Have
them march two by two around the
house to this music, before beginning
the real dance.
Cotillion favors.—Pretty favors for
the cotillion would be little round
aprons cut from vellow crepe paper
for the girls, and ties to match for
the boys for one dance. For another
vou could use little candlesticks with
sticks of candy for the men and tiny
mirrors for the girls.
| Refreshments.— For refreshments
have the table in the dining-room ar-
ranged buffet style. In the centre
have a tall bouquet of yellow chrys-
anthemums. Use paper napkins with
a wreath of yellow pumpkins around
them, and have them piled up at the
two ends of the table, where the forks
and spoons are arranged in neat rows
‘and the plates are also piled. Pretty
: little paper plates can be purchased
| decorated with yellow pumpkins for
| very little. At one end of the table
+ have a huge platter of chicken salad
or Waldorf salad, in little Jack-0’-
lanterns made of apple or orange
| skins. At the other end have a plate
of sandwiches or hot buttered rolls.
"In between put silver and glass dish-
les of salted nuts, yellow mints and
i stuffed olives. The coffee or grape
' juice can be served from the side-
board. When ‘they have finished, pass
_around plates of ice cream and little
| cakes iced in orange icing. The men
will help serve, of course. This is a
' splendid way to serve refreshments
when there is no maid.
This makes a very pretty party in- |
| stead of the usual grotesque one and
, still follows the proprieties of the
day.
| For invitations if you wish them
| to be unusual, cut witches out of stiff
| black paper, just the right size to fit
| Into the envelope you have chosen,
| and tuck under their arms little
| broomsticks made of toothpicks, with
"the invitation wrapped about them.
i following verse:
Hist! Next Saturday is Hallowe'en.
Let's you and I make a date;
fisherman who sensed the value of the | Disguise yourself and be on the scene
great white sheet of his sloop, which
sailed around the sound, passing hun-
dreds of persons on shore and in
boats, was the first to offer his sail
for rent. Persons living in cottages
along the shore may gaze from their
windows and see an advertisement of
their favorite breakfast food or coffee
gliding across the waves.
Lightning Stroke Not Serious.
During a recent heavy electrical
storm, accompanied by rain, & group
of Indians at Big Cove, near Richi-
bucto, N. B, gathered under a big
pine tree to keep dry. They had been
under the shelter of the branches only
about ten minutes when a bolt of light-
ping struck the tree, splitting it.
Several of the Indians were knocked
unconscious and the hair of one was
completely burned off close to the
scalp. Although he suffered this
severe injury, he was quite able to
continue on with his work in a day or
SO.
Vo w
J *. SPENT HIS
MONEY.
: George has of-
@h fered me his
name.
fli That's all he
has left since he's
been engaged to
you.
Gigantic Lobster.
The largest lobster ever seen in New
Harbor, N. S., was captured by G.
Gammon. This giant of its species
measures from tip to nose to end of
tail, 20% inches, from end of claws
te end of tail 34 inches; its claws have
the enormous spread of 39 inches and
its weight is 15% lbs. Mr. Gammon
has this lobster alive and since its
capture it has been seen by hundreds
of peorle.
Colt Has Only Three Legs.
A colt was born recently in Sas-
katchewan, with only three legs. Two
hind legs and one front. The animal
ig progressing favorably.
At my house at half-past eight.
When the guests have all assembled
give every one a number to pin on, 4
tiny penny writing pad and a pencil.
Let them go around and write one
| question on their pads to every mem-
ber that can be answered by yes or
no. The one questioned must ans-
wer truthfully by nod or shake of his
head, and from the answer the ques-
tioner can write down on a sheet of
his paper who he is. The game is to
try and guess every one there. When
they have all been around the hostess
calls each number in turn and that
number unmasks. Each one then
looks to see if he guesses right or not.
A prize is given to the one whose list
is nearest correct. Until now not a
word has been spoken.
This makes them unmask early,
and still have all the fun and mystery
of the thing.
Time for Stunts.—When this is
over the stunts can take place. Let
them find their true love's initials by
peeling an apple and throwing the
skin backward to the floor. A tub for
ducking for apples can be arranged
where it will do the least damage,
and there can be chestnuts to roast
and walnuts with lighted candles to
float in the tub after the apples have
been captured. Hallowe'en isn’t Hal-
lowe'en without these stunts. You
can find new ones in a book of old
customs if you go to the library and
hunt for them.
If you want your guests to match
partners for supper, pass around a
dish of walnuts to the girls and
another to the men. Inside have a
slip with the names on them. It is
easy to open the nuts with a knife
and then glue them together, with a
name inside. Use the names of fa-
mous lovers, so Romeo will take Ju-
liet in, Prince Charming Cinderella,
and so on.
In the centre of the table have a
a round black crepe paper mat. From
this to each cover have vellow rib-
bons. Inside there are small favors
that tell one’s fortune for the year,
| the penny, thimble, horseshoe, etc.
You can find these at any department
store where they sell favors. At each
| place have a little paper pumpkin fill-
ed with candies.
The refreshments can be dream
cakes, which are hot toasted cheese
sandwiches, coffee, ice cream and
cake.
big hollowed out pumpkin, sitting on |
| FARM NOTES.
—The fall farrowed pigs should
' have every opportuniy to make good
| growth before cold weather comes.
{Feed liberally, keep the quarters
| clean, get rid of lice and satisfactory
; growth may be expected.
— Farm machinery that will not be
‘used again until next spring or sum-
‘mer, should be placed under cover for
the winter. Give the wearing parts
' a good covering of oil. A little paint
‘on rusted portions will lengthen the
i instrument's life. ’
. —Pullets should be mature and
heavy weight before being fed for
egg production. Feeding a large
‘amount of grain will increase the
| weight. Yellow skinned and shanked
! varieties should be well colored before
i being fed heavily for eggs.
i
{| —Squashes and pumpkins that
have been severely frosted never keep
| well. They should be taken in before
{ heavy frost and stored in a warm,
| dry place for a week to dry. After
that they can be kept in a cooler place
where they will not be frozen.
i —The surest and quickest way of
, improving production of a dairy herd
{is through the use of a high class
pure bred sire. The cheapest way to
| secure him is through the co-opera-
. tive bull association plan. See your
' county agent about it and talk it over
“with your neighbors.
| —Not every tall chestnut tree is
worthy of becoming a telephone pole;
| the selection of poles is more care-
{ fully made than the average person
thinks. Chestnut and eastern white
| cedar furnish the bulk of the eastern
| pole timber. Specifications for chest-~
i nut poles generally require material
. to be of good quality second-growth
, timber, of specified dimensions, butt
| cut, squared at both ends, reasonably
- straight, well proportioned from tip
i to butt, peeled, and with knots trim-
‘med close.
i —“Control of Hog Cholera in
Pennsylvania,” is the title of a bulle-
(tin sent to press last week, by the
: Bureau of Animal Industry, Pennsyl-
| vania Department of Agriculture.
| This bulletin is intended for the in-
| formation of hog raisers of the Com-
| monwealth and gives in detail the
| control measures necessary in the
| repression of this dreadful hog dis-
ease. Hog cholera heretofore has
| been a limiting factor in hog produc-
tion, and the great annual losses suf-
| fered in Pennsylvania as a result, are
| all the more lamentable because of
the fact, that hog cholera is largely
preventable!
Judged by its great possibilities,
Pennsylvania should be among the
{leading hog-producing States and
such a feature will only be made pos-
sible through intensive interest and
\ co-operation of the Pennsylvania far-
| mers and Pennsylvania Department
of Agriculture.
—Wild onions, otherwise known as
garlic, which cause American farmers
millions of dollars annual loss, can
best be combatted by deep, late fall
plowing, in the opinion of the United
* States Department of Agriculture. In
plowing, the tops should be complete-
ly turned under. A jointer attache
to the plow, and also disking befc
plowing, will help to put the tops un-
| der. The following spring give the
land a thorough preparation and
| plant to some tilled crop, such as corn
in check rows.
| It is sometimes impracticable to
| eradicate this pest completely. An
| important remedial method in such
| cases is to sow small grain late in the
! fall, plowing and preparing the land
: just before seeding the grain. This
| method will not destroy the onions,
{ but gives them such a set-back that
! the bulblets do not have time to ma-
' ture before the grain is harvested.
An important precautionary meas-
ure is to sow only grain which is free
from bulblets.
Damage from wild onion is of two
{ general classes. Cows eat the young
shoots in spring, resulting in tainted
milk and butter; and the bulblets
which grow in clusters at the top of
the stalk in summer are so nearly the
size and weight of wheat kernels that
lit is difficult or almost impossible to
separate them except after artificial
or over-season drying. Onion-taint-
ed wheat flour is highly objectionable
in bread, and wheat thus fouled is
| shunned by millers. The presence of
onions in wheat also interferes with
riling operations by gumming the
rolls.
—There is no system of agriculture
that maintains the productivity of the
soil better than grazing, according to
observations of the United States De-
partment of Agriculture, especially
where the animals are kept continual-
ly on the pastures. Some of the best
pastures in southwestern Vir: Ya
have been grazed for at least 100
years. Many of them have never
been plowed. :
The difficulty in getting a good sod
on land that has been cropped with
i grain for a few years has proved the
wisdom of keeping the land perma-
nently in grass. It must be borne in
mind that there are striking differ-
ences in methods of grazing. Where
beef cattle or sheep are grazed, all of
the resulting manure is left on the
pastures, and the land is further en-
riched if the animals are given addi-
tional feed during the winter. This
is usually not the case on dairy
farms, where the cattle spend much
of the time in yards or stables.
Grazing is not sufficiently remuner-
ative to justify the liberal use of com-
mercial fertilizers, and very little is
ever used in the bluegrass region on
the pasture lands. In England it is
not uncommon to apply basic slag at
the rate of 1,000 pounds per acre to
permanent grassland. Some farmers
in the bluegrass region of Virginia
are beginning to use lime and some
form of phosphate on their pastures.
This improves the stand of grass, but
there are no data available to show
whether the increase will cover the
expense. In the absence of ar lex-
perimental data, every farmer 1" ad-
| vised to experiment on his own fields
iin a small way. An application oi
| 500 pounds of acid phosphate or of
| bone meal to a half acre in an ol
| pasture will soon show whether it is
“advisable to use fertilizers. If this
{ quantity makes a marked improve:
ment in the stand of grass, less migh'
be beneficial.