Demo ialdn
ieee ee Dm
Bellefonte, Pa., December 6, 1918.
fase————
— —
FARM NOTES.
—More attention should be paid to
ethods of caring for farm manures.
Mhe matter of so handling the manure
to reduce the loss of plant food
from fermentation and leaching to a
minimum is of vital importance.
At the Ohio Experiment Station,
swwhere crop rotation and manuring
fests have been carried on for 20
years, the value of carefully saving
‘the manure has been established in a
very striking manner. To illustrate
we quote from a statement made by
that institution:
Tests in a three-year rotation of
worn, wheat and clover where eight
fons of stable manure was applied in
fhe rotation, show a return of $57
from the effects of the manure, or a
crop return of approximately $7 for
‘every ton used. At present prices of
(grops the $10 mark would be reached.
Where ordinary barnyard manure
“was used $46 was returned, or $11 less
gs compared with stable manure. This
means a return of $1.25 more for
‘every ton of manure stored and hand-
Jed to prevent leaching from rains.
When the same amount of manure
were used in connection with 320
ounds of acid phosphate to the acre
n the rotation, an increase of $90
was recorded with the combination.
With the barnyard manure, however,
only a $70 increase was secured, show-
ing again that stable manure will re-
turn approximately $1.25 a ton more
than barnyard manure. In both cases
an increase of $32 worth of crops was
returned for the application of 320
‘pounds of acid -phosphate, over and
above the increase from manure alone
~—a return of $7 for every dollar in-
vested in acid phesphate.
—An increased crop return of $7
er ton of manure applied under or-
inary conditions, which would be ful-
dy equal to $10 per acre at present
pirces, is a factor worthy of careful
consideration by every farmer, Note
that manure that had been protected
against leaching had a value of $1.25
more per ton than that which had
been left unprotected in the yard. For
4 man who accumulates 100 tons of
manure a year, the saving due to pro-
tection of manure would amount to
$125. But this is really not all. Ma-
nure that has been exposed to the
weather in the barnyard for several
months not only loses plant food, but
also becomes lighter in weight. In
other words, while 50 tons might be
thrown out of the stable into the
barnyard, perhaps mot more than 45
tons could be hauled out, and that, as
‘geen above, would be ef much poorer
quality than the original manure. So,
let Us add manure conservation to our
present grain and other crop conser-
vation efforts.
—On the average farm the manure
that goes to waste each year can be
made to add more fertility to the soil
than a ton of ordinary commercial fer-
tilizer. More than this the manure
will benefit the soil in several ways
other than by merely adding certain
fertilizing elements. Farmers have
gotten a little way into using the by-
products © of the farm, but not far
enough. They keep hogs, chickens
and perhaps a few dairy cews or one
or two brood mares for consuming the
surplus hays and pasturage of the
farm. They turn this stuff into mon-
ey that could otherwise be disposed of.
But if the manure that the live stock
makes is not used, the farmer fails in
just that much of making the full use
of his unmarketable hays, etc. Live
stock returns in manure from 50 to
90 per cent. of the fertilizing constit-
uents of the feeds they eat.
—As often as there is a wagonload
the manure should be hauled out on
the fields and spread, and turned un-
der as soon as possible. Manure han-
dled in this way is several times more
valuable to the soil than that which
has lain in the lot for months. When
the manure is hauled out once a week,
once a fortnight, or once a month, ac-
‘cording to circumstances, it reaches
the soil with all its fertilizing ele-
ments available as soon as it has un-
dergone a retting stage. When it is
turned under at once so as to vot in
the soil instead of in the lots and sta-
bles, it brings about in the soil, by the
aid of certain bacteria in it, a change
that is highly beneficial. It helps the
goil to hold its own nitrogen instead
of allowing it to leach away. The hu-
mus value of manure handled in this
way is lasting and of great benefit to
the soil.
If it is not possible to haul manure
frequently it should be held until such
a time when it can be turned under
right after hauling it, and in the
meantime it should be thrown into a
pile under a shed. The fertilizing
value of manure has been estimated
to be between $2 and $3 a ton, but
when handled in the right way not
only the fertilizing value is gotten out
of it, but there is a lasting help to the
mechanical conditien of the soil which
is worth perhaps more than this in
the years that follow the application
of manure to the soil. Applying ma-
nure to the same piece of soil year
after year is better, of course, but
manure will show its effects on crops
for years after its application to any
given piece of soil.
—Hundreds of thousands of bee col-
onies, representing about one-third of
the number kept in the United States,
are housed in log “guns” and in box
hives, and produce for their owners
an insignificant amount of honey com-
pared with what they might do if they
were transferred to movable-frame
hives and handled by improved meth-
ods. If all the beekeepers now using
box hives would adopt the medern
type of movable frame hive they
would not only secure more profit
from their bees for themselves, but
would add many millions of pounds of
money to the nation’s supply, accord-
ing to Farmers’ Bulletin, 961. “Trans-
ferring Bees to Modern Hives,” pub-
lished by the United States Depart-
ment of Agriculture. The bulletin de-
scribes a number of the best methods
of transferring from old to new hives.
Much of the honey produced by colo-
nies in box hives is wasted by crude
methods of securing the crop, the
bulletin states, and these colonies are
reduced in earning value by uncon-
+rolled swarming, and by the annual
oss of hees which die in winter be-
ue always the same?
aause of lack of protection and suffi-
cient food stores.
FOR AND ABOUT WOMEN.
DAILY THOUGHT
Today is not yesterday; we ourselves
change; how can our works and thoughts,
if they are always to be the fittest, contin-
Change, indeed, is
painful; yet ever needful, and if memory
have its force and worth, so also has
hope. —Carlyle. .
Round wash cloths are quite new. I
glimpsed one of them which, together |
with two Turkish towels, was boxed !
as a Christmas gift in one of the
shops. Both towels and cloth were
edged in a narrow blue crochet and |
the effect was very pretty.
Never was there such an array of
knitted hats nor were they ever quite
so smart. The newest hats of this
variety follow quite along most fash-
ionable millinery lines. - Spider web
hats are particularly good.
Special
“Most Beautiful Burial Ground” is
Where First Americans Fell.
In a communication to the Nation-
al Geographic society, Mrs. Harriet
Chalmers Adams, the distinguished
traveler, gives a graphic picture of
French Lorraine, that part of France
where the first American soldiers, un-
der General Pershing, fell. A part of
the communication, has been issued as
a war geography bulletin, as follows:
“I entered the French military zone
as a war correspondent, and went to
Nancy, in northwestern France, the’
most beautiful town in the Republic,
capital of historic Lorraine.
“A famous Frenchman has called
Lorraine ‘the most beautiful burial
ground in the world.” Flanders is a
mud hole, and Champagne is all
chalk, but Lorraine is an enchanting
land, with harmonious hills and noble
trees and fern-bordered streams rush-
ing to the Rhine. The quaint villages
frames come for these in the art nee- | which escaped the German onslaught
dle work departments. The wool or |
chenille
perch on the hillsides like Christmas
is wound round and round | toys and the humblest vegetable patch
and in and out just as the spider him- | is a garden.
self builds his house.
the hats are very : .
possi) to make them in a variety of |
ecoming shapes.
When finished |
Have you seen the sweaters with | Romans.
y
trench pockets? They are really
quite stunning.
pockets, each having a little pointed
flap with a button and buttonhole. The |
art of sweater-making is becoming a |
{ine one indeed. More and more is |
this garment following the lines of
tailored garments, until it is no long-
er simply a comfortable necessity, but
often has actual chic.
Those bag-top workbaskets are nice. |
They haven't that bad habit of the;
open-top variety of spilling spools, |
buttons and what not over the floor at |
crucial moments. Even though the |
baskets are piled high, the bag top |
can be drawn together so snugly that
nary a needle escapes. Added to use- |
fulness is attractiveness; that is why I |
suggest them for Christmas. One|
can pick up a little basket (those in|
red Japanese willow are pretty) cheap |
and then take a bit of silk that one
has on hand perhaps, shirr it about |
the top of the basket, make a casing
at the top edge of the silk, insert
draw ribbons and the gift is complete. |
Larger baskets can be made to hold
stockings. In this event little pock- |
ets of the silk should be made inside |
the bag top, for holding needles and |
various small articles.
Do you know that an extra shelf
will sometimes save you much time
and work?
So much trotting about in the kitch- |
en and walking from one room to
another is often due simply to the |
lack of one or more convenient
shelves. We have the habit too often
of accepting the inconveniences of
most household arrangements .simply
because they happen to have been
built that way.
For example, in many of the city
apartments there is plenty of shelf
room in the kitchen, but it is built in
the shape of a large closet, extending
upward to the ceiling, far beyond the
reach. Shelves that have to be
climbed to are not convenient or re-
ally useful shelves. They are suita-
ble only for storage purposes.
~The real function of a shelf is to
keep the things we need regularly in
a convenient form, easily accessible
and within good reach.
Here is the test of whether your
shelves are giving you the help you
need.
Do you have to walk from your
working surface, like the kitchen ta-
ble, to a shelf where your tools are? |
Can you reach comfortably to your |
shelves, or do you have to stand ona |
ladder of some sort?
Almost anyone can install one or
two shelves with the aid of some sim- |
ple carpentry tools and ready-made |
equipment. i
Here are the kind of shelves which |
you will find to be really labor-savers:
1—Over your kitchen table or cup- |
board or whatever you use for mix- |
ing food there should be shelves con-
taining standard ingredients—flour,
sugar, spices, ete.
9— Attached to your kitchen table
there should be a shelf with hooks on
which you can suspend tools such as
the egg beater, mixing fork and
spoons, measuring spoons and cups,
and on which your other needed arti-
cles can be placed.
Two or three shelves of this kind
will make it unnecessary to travel to
various parts of the kitchen and
search the shelves for needed tools
and ingredients.
When you build shelves do not
make the mistake of having broad
shelves on which you can stack two
or three rows of articles. You will
find this a great inconvenience, for it
will mean that when you need an ar-
ticle and it happens to be in the back
row you will have to remove the two
or three articles in the row or rows
in front.
To Clean White Feathers.—Wash
them well in soft water with white
soap and blue; rub them through very
clear white paper; beat them on the
paper; shake them before the fire;
dry them in the air and afterward
curl them with the back of a knife ap-
plied to the feathers. They will be
found to curl quickly and well.
Military Cup.—Grate the rind from
an orange into a large pitcher, add
four tablespoonfuls of sugar, or to
taste. Make one quart of strong tea
with freshly boiling water and pour it
as hot as possible over the orange
rind. Add the strained juice of two
lemons and leave all to get quite cold.
Slice the orange thin, taking care that
all the white part of the skin is re-
moved, and put the slices into a glass
pitcher, Pour the liquid, well strain-
ed, over them, and serve very cold.
Boston Brown Bread.—One and
one-half cups cornmeal, one and one-
half cups barley flour, two teaspoons
baking powder, one-fourth teaspoon
salt, one-fourth teaspoon ginger, one
teaspoon soda, two cups sour milk,
three-fourths cup molasses. :
Sift cornmeal, barley flour, baking
powder, salt and ginger. Dissolve so-
da in a little cold water, add the sour
milk with the dry ingredients, beat
well and steam in well-greased brown
bread tin or baking powder cans from
five to six hours.
Many English ‘women have taken
up the veterinary profession.
“But there are tombs in every flow-
good looking. It is | er-strewn field, for no region on earth
has suffered more from fire and
sword. All the races of Europe have
coveted Lorraine since the days of the
When the Kaiser waited in
the forest with his 10,000 cavalrymen
There are two breast : for word from his victorious army
that he might cross the frontier and
make a triumphant entry into Nancy,
he was but following in the footsteps
of earlier barbarians who swept
across the Rhine.
Nancy is a little over five miles
from the front, and is bombarded by
the Boches’ most powerful guns, the
| 880 millimeter, which have a 20-mile
range. The shells come mainly at
night, when there can be no warning.
In daylight French aeroplanes guard
over the city to watch for the.distant
white cloud which heralds the oncom-
ing shell. The toecsin sounds the
alarms and the 100,000 inhabitants
scurry to the cellars. On every house
with a cellar a great cross is painted,
the double cross of ancient Lorraine.
“Few people have left town. Trains
are running, shops are open. Nancy |
has had work to do and keeps at it!
doggedly. Also she houses and feeds '
8,000 refugees, mostly old women and !
little children, who have crept over!
the fields in terror from their cannon-
aded homes still nearer the German
line. The number increases.
“From a plateau beyond Nancy one
can see on the far horizon the cathe-
dral spires of Metz, capital of lost
Lorraine. In plain view are the Ger-
man villages near the frontier—the
frontier since 1876. ‘The Boche,’ said
our host, ‘is only a few minutes away
by aeroplane.’
In plain view from this plateau are
the trenches in the vicinity of the
Rhine-Marne canal, where in the ear-
ly morning of November 3, the Ger-
mans raided a salient held by Ameri-
can soldiers, and our first blood was
shed in France.”—Ex.
Better Style in Simpler Designs
EVER have we seen such attractive effects as in these new
Suits and Overcoats for Fall and Winter. Seems as though simpli-
fying men’s styles to save wool has put the tailors on their mettle to
achieve smartness of line and elegance of contour, in spite of unusual
handicaps.
Where People Live Like Ants.
France, in Europe, is a small coun-
try. Yet, in other quarters, it covers
a large part of the globe. If you will
glance at a map of Africa, you will
find that nearly half of that continent
is of French ownership.
The bulk of tropical Africa is
French, including the great Sahara
desert. Morocco belongs to France;
so likewise does Tunisia—though war-
like border tribes perpetually threat-
en or indulge in hostilities.
Tunisia is one of the least known
regions of the world to the every-day
traveler. It is also one of the hottest,
so that the inhabitants largely dwell
in caves dug underground, or in
houses built especially to be heat-
proof, or even in hillside caverns.
In southern Tunisia is a mountain
of considerable size called Douirat,
which once upon a time was an active
volcano. Bubbles of volcanic gases |
made it a veritable honeycomb of |
caves, which in these days are inhab- |
ited. In fact, the whole mountain is!
a city—a human anthill, densely pop-|
ulated.
SASS
A Barometric Violin.
Abram Moses, a violinist of this
city, is the possessor of what might
be called a barometric violin. Some
time after Mr. Moses bought it he no-
ticed that at certain times it exhaled
a strange and subtle fragrance, like
an aroma of Oriental incense. Later,
he observed that this fragrance was
noticeable only when the weather was
about to become damp. He obtained
the violin in Paris some years ago
when he was studying there.—Balti-
more Sun.
(C) 1918—StrROUSE & Bros., INxc., BALTIMORE, Mbp.
High-Art Clothes
MADE BY STROUSE & BROS., INC, BALTIMORE, MD.
“What is your reason for saying |
you won't enlist unless you're sent to
the Seventy-third Infantry?” ques-
tioned the recruiting officer.
“Beea’se I want to be near me
brother that’s in th’ Seventy-fourth,”
returned Dennis O’Rourke.—Memphis 2 4 Ail : :
Commercial-Appeal. will gratify your sense of what is distinctive and refined in men’s wear.
The way they retain good appearance and give continued satisfaction in
so low that everyone
If cattle from the
Low Meat Prices
US.
High Cattle Prices
If the farmer cannot get enough for
his live stock, he raises less, and the
packer gets less raw material.
If the consumer has to pay too much
for his meat, he eats less of it, and the
packer finds his market decreased.
The packer wants the producer to
get enough to muke live-stock raising
profitable, and he wants the price of meat
But all he can do, and what he would
have to do in any case to stay in busi-
ness, is to keep down the cost of pro-
cessing the farmer's stock sito meat so
that the consumer pays for the meat and
by-products only a little more than the
farmer gets for his animals.
Forexample, last year Swift & Company
paid for its cattle about 90 per cent of
what it got for meat and by-products
(such as hides, tallow, oils, etc.)
miraculously into meat in the hands of
retailers (without going through the ex-
pense of dressing, shipping and market-
ing), the farmer would get only about
11/5 cents per pound more for his cattle,
or consumers would pay only about 214
cents per pound less for their beef!
Out of this cent or two per pound,
Swift & Company pays for the operation
of extensive plants, pays freight on meats,
operates refrigerator cars, maintains
branch houses, and in most cases, de-
livers to retailers all over the United
States. The profit amounts to only a
fraction of a cent, and a part of this
profit goes to build more plants, to give
better service, and to increase the com-
pany’s usefulness to the country.
Swift & Company, U. S. A.
service will appeal also to your sense of thrift.
Fer Style, Fit and Wearing Quality. reinforced by sincere,
SS ompetent workmanship, you should have one of these attractive
models.
A FAUBLE
ws Allegheny St.,, BELLEFONTE, PA.
Wise Feeders
Feed Excello Dairy Feeds
And have Healthy, Contented Dairy Cows.
Excello Feeds are a BALANCED RATION—
100 per cent. pure. No hulls; no indigestible
filler. Excello Horse Feed is a balanced ration
for horses, and is made with the same degree
of care as the Dairy Feed. Each is in a class
by itself
Ryde’s Calf Meal, a substitute for milk
Better for Calves than milk and not nearly as expensive.
he Beef Scrap, 55 per cent. protein
A Full Line of Brookville Wagons
“New Idea” Manure Spreaders
Sleds, Sleighs, Pumps, Gasoline Engines, Etc.
AT THE RIGHT PRICE
Dubbs’ Implement and Seed Store
DUNLOP STREET, BELLEFONTE, PA.
INTERNATIONAL TRUCKS
farm were turned
HAULING
3-4 Ton for Light Hauling
Big Truck for Heavy Loads
WILL DO ALL YOUR
“Greatest Distance for Least Cost”
GEORGE A. BEEZER,
BELLEFONTE, PA. 61-30 DISTRIBUTOR.
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