Belletonte, Pa., March 23, 1917.
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FARM NOTES.
—The extermination of ground
squirrels from approximately 209,000
acres of Government land was accom-
plished last year by the Biological
Survey.
—Good hay crops are necessary to
the realization of greatest profits on
cultivated farm land.
Where soils are acid, enough lime
should be used to make it possible to
grow good clover. In a proper system
of cropping and fertilizing, no fertili-
zer is needed by the clover crop. After
the first year, however, when the clo-
ver has disappeared, the timothy
should be fertilized every year.
There is no better place for manure
_ than on mowing land. It may be ap-
plied at any period from the time the
hay crop has been removed until the
grass grows the following spring.
When manure is not available, a top
dressing of commercial fertilizer
should be made each spring just when
the grass starts to grow. Equal parts
of nitrate of soda and acid phosphate
applied at the rate of 300 pounds per
acre are recommended by The Penn-
sylvania State College school of ag-
riculture experiment station.
Fertilizing timothy under proper
conditions gives a profit in the hay
crop and an additional gain in the in-
crease in the corn crop. At the Cor-
nell Experiment Station, the average
gain in the corn crop on six plats re-
ceiving complete fertilizer when in
sod was at the rate of 26.4 bushels
per acre.
Thin spots in pastures may be made
more productive by application of ma-
nure or fertilizer and by harrowing,
lightly, in the spring and re-seeding.
— Various agencies like crowding,
improper feeding, brooding and hous-
ing may cause heavy mortality among
incubator chicks. Such troubles may
be overcome by preventive rather
than curative measures.
Leg weakness is a common ailment
of the chicks up to six months of age.
Improper feeding, by which the
weight is increased faster than the
strength, is the most important cause
of this disease. A change of diet, as
for instance the substitution of bran,
oatmeal or pinhead oats for corn and
cornmeal, will often correct leg weak-
ness. Plenty of green feed should
also be given and a little skim milk is
beneficial.
Gapes is another chick trouble com-
mon to Pennsylvania. It is caused by
small parasitic worms which attach
themselves to the windpipe. The
worms or the eggs from which they
develop are taken into the body in
contaminated food and through earth-
worms. The worms or eggs are fre-
quently coughed up by the «hick and
contaminate the soil. Sandy, well-
drained soils are least liable to con-
tamination.
Gapes may be prevented by putting
the chicks on clean, fresh ground. Soil
may be kept fresh by turning it cver
at regular periods. Spraying the
ground with a two per. cent. solution
of sulphuric acid or a solution of two
ounces of copperas dissolved in a pail
of water may prove effective.
—That the climate of Pennsylvania
is not unfavorable to alfalfa is proved
by the success that has followed seed-
ings in thousands of localities within
the State and in the adjacent States
of New York, New Jersey, Maryland
and Ohio.
Alfalfa is adapted to a wide range
of soils. It grows well on loose, san-
dy soils as well as on heavy clays, but
it succeeds best on medium texture
which permit deep penetration by
roots and are well supplied with lime
and the mineral plant foods. It will
not succeed on soils closely underlaid
with hardpan, impervious rock or
standing water, nor on sour soiis.
The essentials to its success. are
good drainage, freedom from weeds,
sufficient lime, a fair amount of or-
ganic matter in the soil, thorough
preparation of the seedbed, seeding
at the proper time, inoculation of the
seed or soil, and good seed. Added to
these will be the after treatment,
such as time of cutting, care in pas-
turing, cultivation and mulching.
Alfalfa is a warm weather plant
and should not be seeded too early,
nor too late. Spring and late summer
seeding are advised. In Pennsylvania
summer seeding is more certain.
Spring seeding should be made with a
nurse crop. Barley seems best adapt-
ed for this purpose. For most parts
of Pennsylvania spring seeding should
not be made earlier than April 15, nor
later than the close of that month.
—The present food shortage empha-
sizes stronger than ever the necessity
for home gardens during the coming
season. The home-keeper should keep
in mind, in planning her garden, the
economy of planting vegetables which
lend themselves to canning. In this
way the garden surplus may be put
to economic use.
Spinach and Swiss chard may read-
ily be canned. Vegetables of this
. group aid in the process of digestion
and absorption and help to keep the
blood and other secretions normal.
Such vegetables are necessary in the
diet in the winter as well as in the
summer months. Spinach is valuable
for the iron it contains. The iron in
the red corpuscles of the blood carries
oxygen to the tissues. Without the
presence of oxygen, the food cannot
be used by the tissues. :
Asparagus is easily canned, also.
Canned dandelions serve the same
purpose as spinach and other leaf-
green vegetables, Carrots and beets
should be canned when they are young
and tender, as this condition insures
a better flavor and less fiber or woody
matter. Carrots and beets may be
utilized for salads during the winter.
Peas, beans, corn and tomatoes are
other vegetables which may be can-
ned. They, are most difficult to keep,
but may be preserved successfully by
the “cold pack” method.
Methods of canning are outlined in
detail in Circular 44, of the depart-
ment of agriculture extension of The
Pennsylvania State College.
——For high class job work come
to the “Watchman” office.
re re eee
| Overland by Automobile From Phila-
| delphia to Rushville, Nebraska.
(Concluded from last week.)
August 21st, we got away pretty
= | early and returned to the city and got
| some gasoline and other supplies and
started on our way. Through this
part of the country we struck some
of our worst hills. They were very
high and at the foot of each of them
there was a ditch or bridge, so we had
to coast very carefully down each and
then go easy until we had crossed
the bump before we could speed up
for the next hill. We used our low
gears more through this section than
on any other part of the journey. That
noon we ate our lunch at a farm house
up on a hill. The ground was cover-
ed with crabapples. We soon started
on and that night camped at a dilap-
idated farm house. We hardly stop-
ped, and started to pitch camp, when
another party drove in and prepared
to camp also. They came over and
talked to us quite a while, said their
name was Peters and that they were
on their way to Texas. Next morn-
ing a telephone gang came along and
started to burn brush to windward of
us and if we had not been ready to
move they would have smoked us out.
August 22nd, we broke camp about
9 a. m. and started for Omaha, which
was 20 miles away. We reached Coun-
cil Blufis at 10:15 and spent about
half an hour filling up with gas and
over in Omaha it was 25 cents. We
crossed the bridge over the Missouri
where they soaked us a quarter toll,
and reached Omaha at 11:39. There
we got a telegram and several letters
among them one telling us where to
find Matilda, but we did not get the
check we expected. We then went up
to Armstrongs and they invited us to
stay to lunch which we did. After-
wards George went down with us and
identified me at the bank so we were
able to get some very much needed
money. We then spent some time
making some purchases and finally
left the city at 4 p. m. and expected
to go only a short distance and camp
but we made such good time that we
were in Fremont before we knew it.
Then we thought we would only go a
short distance beyond and camp but
we again made such good time that
we decided to continue to Columbus.
We hit it up and averaged over 20
miles from there on. At 9 p. m. we
stopped at a small town and telephon-
ed to Matilda. She said she would
meet us on the road, so we again hit
it up and in about half an hour we
met them. We went up to their place
and that night camped on their porch
as they were building a new house
and there was not room in the old
house besides, and it did not take any
time to fix our bed.
The next morning, August 23rd,
they showed us all over the place and
took us in to the town to see Matilda’s
mother. After lunch we again start-
ed on our way, but it was right here
that we realized how easy our Ford
was riding because when he got in
Stenger’s car we found that it rode
much rougher than our loaded car.
It was 2:15 when we left Stengers,
but we made no more stops until we
camped that night at Shoemakers a
short distance from Grand Island.
They treated us very nice and Mrs.
Shoemaker talked to us a long time
both in the evening and again in the
morning. Here again I helped a party
who camped near us to get their en-
gine started. People along the road
are very nice about helping each
other, and I was very thankful I did
what I could on the several occasions
as we were to need some help our-
selves soon.
August 24th, we were a little late
getting started as we put out a big
wash and then before we got into the
city my wind shield had broken off so
I was compelled to stop to have it
fixed. Here we struck one of the most
‘exasperating experiences of our trip
for when we attempted to have the
L irons for the windshield fixed, a job
that had taken 15 minutes originally
1 had to hunt all over the place for a
blacksmith who was either not busy in
the saloon or who could do the job.
It took me from 11 a. m. to 2:45 p. m.
to get that 15 minute job done. While
we were waiting we also got a very
good lunch at a Japanese restaurant.
We also got our provisions for sup-
per. In spite of this delay we made
very good time traveling over 100
miles this day. That. night we made
camp at 7:30 p. m. at a farmhouse
along the road. The house was sur-
rounded with trees but the ground
was covered with weeds so it did not
make an ideal place to camp, but we
got along very well.
a. m., and drove to Ocada where we
stopped for oil. We then continued to
Gotenberg, where we stopped a short
time for gas and to fix a feed for
brother George. We made good time
all morning and at 1:45 stopped along
the road for lunch. Not long after
resuming our journey, at 2:30 p. m.,
we ran into a rain and just before
we got out of the gumbo we slid off
of the road and after working for
some time we received assistance
from travelers who were passing and
got back on the road. It was now
getting pretty well qong in the after-
noon and as we had made almost 100
miles this day we decided that it was
better to camp than to try to contin-
ue in the mud. So we pulled off onto
a side road and camped at the first
farm house that we came to. Here,
as at most places along the road, the
people treated us very nice. This
camp was a mile north of Sutherland
and we camped at 7:15 p. m.
August 26th, we broke camp at
9:40, meter reading 1869.2, and con-
tinued our journey but instead of
going back onto the gumbo road we
continued on up over the hill where
we knew we would find sandy roads
which, after the rain, we thought
ought to be in good shape and so we
found them except for one place at
the top of a hill where the sand was
banked up pretty well and there we
stuck for a short - time but after
jockeying around a while we got
through. We stopped a few minutes
in Sutherland to purchase a bolt for
our rear spring, which we had lost.
We soon got into country which look-
ed much like the country at home,
and here we saw prairie dogs for the
first time on this trip. The soil was
well mixed with sand and gravel so
oil as it was only 17 cents here and
August 25th, we broke camp at 11
that in spite of the rain the day be-
fore we had good roads. We stopped
at Paxton for gas and provisions and
again from 1:45 to 3:25 to try to put
in the bolt we had purchased, but
without success. We were up on a
hill where we could see the country
to the south, east and west for along
distance. It made a dandy place to
eat lunch. Five miles further we left
the main highway to Denver at Big
Springs and cut across to Ogallala,
where we got on the Cheyenne high-
way. Here we stopped for provis-
ions then continued our way to Sid-
ney. Here we inquired about the
road to Alliance and everyone told
us to go north from there, which we
did, in spite of Dad’s telling us that
the best road lay around by Scotts
Bluff, and also expecting to meet us.
Here we certainly made a great mis-
take for the roads were very bad this
way and Dad told us afterward that
the other road was fine. This shows
how little some of the people along
the road know about their own coun-
try.” We stocked up with gasoline
here because we did not know when
we would find any more and then went
a few miles north and pitched camp
at 8:15 at a small shack which hap-
pened to be vacant but where they
were farming with tractors.
August 27th, we broke camp at
9:50, meter reading 1980.8, but had
only gone a short distance when we
had a blow-out which delayed us
about an hour. We then stopped at
Dunton for provisions and oil and at
7:30 reached Alliance after spending
the day crossing the sand hills over
miserable roads. . At Alliance we
found a telegram telling us that Dad
had gone through and I at once start-
ed to try to locate him by telephone,
and followed him all the way to Sid-
ney and back to Kimball where we
finally located him. He told us to
wait for him at Alliance, which we
did and went into camp at 8:15. There
they found us and we continued home
at 9:20, having traveled 2123.5 miles.
It Would Take About a Thousand
Years to Starve Uncle Sam.
“All of this stress by the public
press directed toward the future dan-
ger of food shortage is at present a
false alarm. The city consumer real-
izes only the food in sight. If a num-
ber of food staples continue in scant
supply for a season, he jumps to the
conclusion that the producer has
reached the limit of his producing
ower.
“If the land seeded to wheat, beans,
potatoes, and corn last year in this
country and Canada had produced
maximum instead of minimum crops,
even the unusual foreign demand
would have been taxed to find
an outlet for these staple food
crops. The farmer has advanced
beyond the point where he is now
unwilling to sow and reap be-
yond the needs of market require-
ments merely for the sake of over-
flowing his barns and warehouses.
Like other manufacturers, the farmer
now prefers to limit his crop acreage
to meet the probable requirements of
consumption in his selling zone.
“When there is a staple demand for
‘two blades where one now grows,
double production will be forthcom-
ing—whenever there is profit in it for
the producer. It is much too soon to
get excited over the transient food
shortage ‘even though a combination
of circumstances has put several food
staples in the class of luxuries.”—
Farm and Fireside.
—Soy beans and cowpeas, says a re-
cent United States bulletin, are profit-
able cash crops on the poorest cf san-
dy lands, the yields ranging from 5 to
20 bushels per acre, and the present
range of prices being from $1.50 to
$2 per bushel. Aside from being a
source of immediate income, the crops
furnish the most practical *oundation
for building up the soil.
—
Pine Forest a State Park.
The effort to save the last vestige
of the primeval pine forests of Penn-
sylvania, which is comprised in the
tract known as the Cook forest in
Clarion and Jefferson counties, will
probably be launched in the Legisla-
ture under the auspices of the Wild
Life League of Pennsylvania backed
by the other sportsmen and conser-
vation associations of the State dur-
ing the next fortnight.
So much has been written and said
about the Cook forest proposition that
thousands of people all over the State
have taken an interest in it and have
been anxiously inquiring as to wheth-
er the matter of an effort to have the
State purchase these great trees,
many of which were 300 years old
when Columbus discovered America,
will be undertaken in this Legisla-
ture.
The value of the Cook preserve has
been fairly well established by the re-
ports of two sets of experts employed
by the
that the timber alone is worth more
than $600,000, and by the report of
a timber estimator of banking institu-
tions who were underwriting the
bonds of A. Cook & Sons, which show
an even greater valuation without
considering the greater part of the
second growth timber that covers this
tract. In addition to the timber val-
uation, there is a surface valuation on
the 7,400 acres of approximately $75,-
000, and with only a small portion of
the tract developed for oil and gas the
royalties are said now to exceed. $36,-
000 per year. Conservative oil and
gas men estimate that the oil and gas
valuations on the Cook property are
at least $300,000.
It is understood that through the
efforts of the men who have been in-
terested in securing this property for
a State park, the Cook estate has been
induced to place a valuation of $800,
000 on the property, including all the
oil and gas leases. This low valuation
is said to have been made in the shape
of an offer to the State only and for
the reason that the Cook heirs, who
grew up in the shadow of these
mighty trees, are anxious to see them
preserved for the benefit of future
generations.
Not only the Wild Life League of
Pennsylvania, but the United Sports-
men, of the State Sportsmen’s Asso-
ciations of the State, together with
the Pennsylvania State Forestry As-
sociation and the Pensylvania Con-
servation Association, and hundreds
of other organizations which have in-
vestigated the Cook Park plan, have
declared themselves in favor of it, and
are ready to get into the harness and
help push it through the Legislature.
— Pittsburg Post. .
Yellowstone Horses Go to War.
The 2,000 horses which heretofore
have drawn touring stage coaches
through Yellowstone National park
will be sold for use in European
armies and their places taken during
the coming summer by automobiles.
The hotels will be under one man-
agement, the camping outfits under
another, and the staging, in the past
operated by four systems, will have
one head. The former arrangement
caused a multiplicity of service that
was somewhat confusing to the pub-
lic, but hereafter the park, with its
great natural wonders, will be more
easily viewed than before.
~ Valuations.
“You can’t judge things by what
they cost.”
“Tyue enough. An artificial limb
is very expensive and a real leg you
got free.—Washington Star.
British hospital surgeons have
adopted green uniforms in place of
the long-used suits of white. The hos-
pitals also are being fitted in green.
The color is said to be less trying to
the eyes of both patient and doctor.
CASTORIA.
CAS TORIA,
ALCOHOL 3 PER CENT. |
AVegetable PreparationforAs-
similating the Food 3
ting tie Stomachs of:
Orie Morphise nor Mineral
oT NARC OTIC.
TERT
Lh DOSES A 6 i)
~3
om i ")
59-20-e.0.
ASTORIA
CASTORIA
For Infants and Children.
= Mothers Know That
Genuine Castoria
In
Use
For Over
Thirty Years
THE CENTAUR COMPANY, NEW YORK cy.
State, both of which certify |
HIGH ART CLOTHES
Make An Art Of Tailoring
The able needle workers who make
HicH ART CLOTHES
MADE BY STROUSE & BROTHERS, BALTIMORE, MD.
possible are indeed a set of artists.
and Summer clothes that await men
here bear testimony to their art.
The new Spring
and young men
Smoothness of line and conformity of good tailoring
join with the superb style and balance of these best
clothes to make their price second consideration.
$15.00 to $25.00.
You are invited—come and form an opinion.
FAUBLE’S.
Allegheny St. «+ BELLEFONTE, PA.
LYON @ COMPANY.
Special For Easter!
Our buyer has just returned from the Eastern mar-
kets, and through advantageous buying, will have
Special Sales on the following lines for
TY DAYS ONLY.
LOT 1.—Fine white Voile Waists, new large col-
lar, embroidered and lace trimmed. Value $1.50.
‘Special price . - - - '98c.
LOT 2.—Ladies’ and Misses’ Spring Coats in checks
and plaids, all colors. Values $8.00 to $10.00.
Special price - - - - $5.00.
LOT 3.—Ladies’ and Misses’ Suits in check, black
and colors. $15.00 and $18.00. Special $10.98.
(Ladies White Canvas Shoes, 8inch top,
J Value $3.00. - - - Special $2.48.
| Men's Black and Tan Working Shoes.
L Value $8350. - - - Special $2.48.
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAANAAANAANAANS
RUGS. RUGS. RUGS.
By a lucky buy we can again show those Matting
Rugs 9x12. Value $10.00. - - Special $5.98.
Tapestry Rugs, new designs, 9x12. Values $12.00
and $1500. © - - - - Special $9.98.
Come in and get our Special Prices
on Axminsters and Wilton Rugs. Watch our store as
this season we are prepared to sell goods for less than
wholesale prices.
LOT 4.—
Lyon & Co. we Bellefonte.