Bmore icon
Belletonte, Pa., January 26, 1917.
—
HELP ONE ANOTHER.
“Help one another,” the snowflakes said,
As they scuddled down in their fleecy bed;
“One of us here would not be felt,
One of us here would quickly melt;
But I'll help you and you help me,
And then what a big white drift
see!” .
we'll
“Help one another,” the dewdrop cried,
Seeing another drop close to his side;
“This warm south breeze would dry me
away,
And I should be gone by noon today;
But I'll help you, and you help me,
And we'll make a brook, and run to the
sea.”
“Help one another,” a grain of sand
Said to another grain just at hand;
“The wind may carry me over the sea,
And then—oh, what will become of me?
But come, my brother, give me your hand,
We'll build a mountain, and there we'll
stand.”
—~George i’. Hunting, in Lutheran Ob-
rserve.
Centre County Y. W. C. A. Notes.
The first Leaders’ meeting of the
county Y. W. C. A. was held in Belle-
fonte, January 12th and 13th. Miss
Hawes, of Philadelphia, conducted the
discussions and all who were present
felt that they had gained a great deal
of help from her wide experience, as
well as by exchanging ideas. Those
present were: Miss Bertha Deitrich,
leader of the Bellefonte High school
club; Miss Reba Hendrickson, presi-
dent of the Howard branch; Miss Lo-
la Ulrich, leader of the Spring Mills
Commonweal club; Miss Lavon Fer-
ree, leader of the Oak Hall Common-
weal club; Miss Maude Musser, from
the Branch Commonweal club.
The general subject of the Friday
evening meeting was “Leadership.”
On Saturday morning the Round
Table discussions were largely on the
subject of “Membership and Pro-
grams.”
The regular quarterly meeting of
the County Board took place on the
morning of the 13th, and after the
business was finished Miss Hawes
spoke to the Board members. Lead-
ers and Board members enjoyed lunch
together in the Presbyterian chapel.
In the afternoon the first annual
meeting of the Centre county Young
Women’s Christian Association oc-
curred, Miss Anna H. Hoy presiding.
There was an attendance of
seventy-five from various localities
throughout the county. The opening
devotions were in charge of Dr. Wm.
K. McKinney, who gave a short and
interesting talk. Mrs. Whiting, the
secretary, told of the organization of
the Centre county Y. W. C. A. one
year ago, and Miss Hoy, the presi-
dent, reported the progress of the As-
sociation during the year. There are
approximately 290 members in the
following organizations: Three
Branches: State College, Howard,
Snow Shoe. Two High School Clubs:
Bellefonte, State College. Five Com-
monweal Clubs: Spring Mills, Oak
Hall, Shiloh, Shingletown, Centre
Furnace. Three Junior Clubs: Oak
Hall, Howard, Lemont.
Reports of the various committees
were given. Mrs. Pond, chairman of
the finance committee, reported that
with the money then in hand all bills
would be paid to January 1st. Notice
was given of the finance campaign to
be held in February. Sunday, Febru-
ary 11th, is to be observed as Asso-
ciation day, and publicity will be giv-
en by many of the ministers who are
heartily co-operating with the Y. W.
C. A. From the 12th to the 17th
committes of women in the various
localities will take pledges in order
to raise the total amount of the budg-
et for 1917, which is estimated at
$1500.00. Miss Caroline Jones, fi-
nance worker of the field, will spend
the week in the county to assist in
this work. Mrs. Beach reported for
the recreation committee, giving in
detail the plan of the physical stand-
ard contest to be held January 29—
February 25 for any organization or
individual in the county. Complete
regulations may be obtained from
Mrs. J. I. Thompson, Centre Furnace,
or from the general secretary. The
chairman of the educational commit-
tee, Miss Margaretta Goheen, report-
ed on the list of books and poems rec-
ommended, explained how the Helen
Gould Shepard bibles might be won
by any Y. W. C. A. member. She
also stated that some vocational con-
ferences are being planned to be held
in different localities this spring, and
asked that she be informed of
anyone interested in tomato or can-
ning club work.
The report of the general secreta-
ry was largely in the form of tab-
leaux, and talks, by the Bellefonte
High school club and others. A Com-
monweal club was shown in the
midst of a business meeting, and be-
ginning a game. This was followed
by a talk from a member of a Com-
monweal club, Miss Margaret Wil-
liams, of the True Blue club, Shiloh,
who told about their club and why
she liked it. The next tableau was of
a cooking class, such classes being
held at Snow Shoe and State College.
This was followed by a class in sew-
ing, a popular activity among club
girls. Miss Mary Rigel, of Howard,
told about the county week at Camp
Nepahwin which she attended last
summer and voiced the wish of the
girls that Centre county may have
its own camp next summer. The
Junior club work was shown by Eliz-
abeth Everts, secretary of the Dotty
Dimple club, Oak Hall, who read
some of the minutes of the club meet-
ings. These girls are from 6 to 10
years of age and conduct their own
business. Letters were read from
some of the Centre county Y. W. C.
A. girls who had gone to other places,
and by being put in touch with the
Association had found work and
friends. Miss Lola Ulrich, leader of
the Spring Mills Commonweal club,
reported on the county conference
which she attended at Lake Geneva
last summer and urged everyone to
attend the “County Row” at Eagles
Mere, Pa., from June 26th to July
6th, 1917.
The Rev. W. F. Carson gave a short
about |
talk on church unity and the value of
the Y. Mi C. A. and the Y. W. C. A.
in bringing about the desired spirit of
co-operation and developing leader-
ship among the young people, as he
had observed it.
The general work of the Young
Women’s Christian Association, its
development and various activities
in all forms of modern life, were ex-
plained in an address by Miss Esther
Hawes, the executive secretary for
the East Central field, of which Cen-
tre county is a part. All were glad
to welcome Miss Hawes on her first
visit to this county.
Several new directors and those
i whose terms expired this year were
elected. The board of directors is
now as follows:
President, Miss Anna H. Hoy,
Bellefonte.
Vice President, Miss Sara C. Love-
joy, State College.
Secretary, Mrs. H. F. Whiting,
Bellefonte.
Treasurer, Miss Bertha Laurie,
Bellefonte.
Chairman Finance committee, Mrs.
G. G. Pond, State College.
Chairman Educational committee,
Miss Margaretta Goheen, Boalsburg.
Chairman Recreation committee,
Mrs. James I. Thompson, Centre Fur-
nace.
Members of the Executive commit-
tee: Mrs. M. A. B. Boal, Boalsburg;
Mrs. Frank Fisher, Spring Mills;
Mrs. Ellis Orvis, Bellefonte; Miss
Clara Condo, Spring Mills; Mrs. W.
F. Carson, Bellefonte; Mrs. W. J.
Kurtz, Howard; Mrs. John P. Lyon,
Bellefonte; Mrs. Fred Leathers, How-
ard; Mrs. R. M. Beach, Bellefonte;
Mrs. Condo, Howard; Mrs. Howard
Thompson, Bellefonte; Mrs. Bertha
Hoffman, Howard; Miss Lucy Potter,
Bellefonte; Mrs. J. A. Thompson,
Port Matilda; Mrs. D. F. Kapp, State
College; Mrs. M. B. Holsworth, Flem-
ing; Mrs. J. McK. Reiley, State Col-
lege; Mrs. Frank Clemson, Storms-
town; Miss Elizabeth Foster, State
Uolleges Mrs. Wm. Snyder, Snow
Shoe.
On Wednesday evening sixty Y. W.
C. A. girls of the State College (town)
branch attended the union evangelis-
tic services conducted by Gypsy
Smith.
Snow Shoe and Howard
held their yearly elections.
Go to Church Sunday, February 11,
and help observe Association Day.
Child Labor week begins on Janu-
ary 29th. Do you know your state
laws in this regard? -
Enter the physical contest.
Review the poems you have learn-
ed this week, and look for the new
one next week.
recently
Greenback Money Will be Resumed.
A new issue of the one and two dol-
lar greenbacks of Civil War days,
discontinued more than 30 years ago,
will be put into circulation, probably
about February 1, displacing similar
United States notes of larger denom-
ination to provide relief from the un-
; precedented demand for small paper
money. The Treasury Department
announced that the issue had been
decided on because silver certificates,
the ordinary bills of one and two dol-
la denomination, could not be issued
under the law in sufficient quantity to
meet the demand.
A limit of $346,681,016 to the
amount of outstanding Federal notes
was fixed by law in 1878, after the
greenback had become an issue in pol- !
itics, and had resulted in the birth of
a new national party, backed largely
by the farmers of the West and South.
No greenbacks have been issued since
1885, and the amount of outstanding
one and two dollar notes of that vari-
ety now is slightly over $3,000,000.
There is $102,445,300 outstanding in
United States notes of $10 denomina-
tion and higher, and a portion of
these will be retired and canceled,
dollar for dollar, to meet the new is-
sue of smaller denominations.
————————————————
Penn State’s Baseball Card Announc-
ed for Next Season.
E. E. LeVan, manager of the
Pennsylvania State College baseball
team, has announced Penn State’s
schedule for the coming season. He
has arranged three trips and a se-
ries of home contests for the Blue
and White nine. The list of games
follows:
Home games—
April 14—Juniata College.
April 21—Open.
April 26—Carnegie Tech.
April 28-—~West Virginia University.
May 12—Washington and Lee,
May 24—Villanova.
May 26—Open.
June 9—Pittsburgh.
June 11--Leland Stanford.
June 12—Pittsburgh.
June 13—Alumni.
Southern Trip—
April 5—Franklin and Marshall.
April 6—Villanova.
April 7—Maryland “Aggies.”
April 9—Open.
April 10—Catholic University.
April 11—Lehigh University.
Northern Trip—
April 30—Open.
May 1—University of Vermont.
May 2—Dartmouth.
May 3—Colby.
May 4—Boston College.
May 5—IHoly Cross.
Western Trip—
May 17—West Virginia University.
May 18—Pittsburgh.
May 19—Carnegie Tech.
He Would, If—
He was not much of a horseman;
in fact, the only horse he could ride
was the wooden one of his nursery
days, so small wonder that the rough-
Ying sergeant-major got exasperat-
ed.
“Why don’t you get inside, you bal-
ly idiot?” roared the sergeant-major
as he came to grief for the sixth time.
“I would,” growled the angry re-
cruit, “If his mouth was as big as
yours!”
A Misnomer.
“How much money has my husband
in this bank?”
“I cannot tell you that, madam.”
“The idea! Aren’t you the teller?”
—Boston Transcript.
Just Between Girls.
Agnes—No, I would never marry a
man to reform him.
Ethel—Well, I don’t think myrelf
that harsh measures are the best.—
Boston Transcript.
Health Administration
In Our Town
The Chautauqua Reading Hour.
DR. WILLIAM BYRON FORBUSH, Editor.
Public health can be bought.
we pay for it?
You know how the public health
is administered in a good many
American towns. In New England the
selectmen, in the middle states a rep-
utable committee of laymen, are set
apart for the purpose. They meet
monthly, and they write an annual
report, in which they say “The health
has never been better in our town than
this past year,” or “Our town has
been visited by an unusual amount of
sickness.” If the town has been
healthy we are glad. But if the town
has been sick, don’t we wish we had
in charge an expert who could have
traced and prevented the sickness—
and deaths? This board may have a
secretary who makes out careful re-
ports of all the deaths in the town.
But has it ever occurred to you that
sickness-reports would have been
more practical? When a man is dead
he has done all the harm he can eyer
do but a sick person may be an active
center of infection to the whole neigh-
borhood.
How Amateurs Fail.
These lay boards of health are us-
ually made up of good men. We would
entrust our property with them, for
they are honest, or our farm-work, for
they are good farmers, or our estate
upon death, for they are skilled ad-
ministrators of affairs. And we feel
no anxiety about entrusting to them
our health—when we are well. But
when we are sick, or when there is an
epidemic in the community, are we
not sometimes almost in a panic to
think what these good but ignorant
men may do in the emergency ?
The more untrained a health board
is the more spectacular, and futile,
are its operations. It generally estab-
lishes a shot-gun quarantine down by
the bridge that enters town, burns
tar-barrels in the streets and washes
down the fronts of houses with bichlo-
ride of mercury, when what was need-
ed was the destruction of the yellow-
fever mosquito or the rat proofing of
our houses.
Half-Way Measures Fail.
The amateur health board is often
stringent. without being thorough. It
forbids the use of wells, which is a
hardship that is in itself ineffective.
A thorough campaign would involve
the proper disposal of sewage, the im-
provement of the water supply, the
destruction of the breeding-places of
flies and the protection from infection
of our common food supplies by their
carriers. The amateur, unsalaried
health board cannot give the time and
trouble to effect such an elaborate
campaign as this.
Sometimes there is a physician on
the health board, often a young, well-
trained and ambitious one. But if so,
he has his own practice to attend to,
he has to consider the ethics of vis-
iting cases of contagion which are in
the hands of a fellow physician, and
in the case of a serious epidemic, when
he is most needed, he is absolutely
tied to his own patients.
The present system breaks down
under the strain. Nothing in this
country brings rebellion so soon as
power wielded by ignorance, and the
unlimited powers conferred upon the
boards of health that are incompetent
causes the exercise of those powers to
be nullified by the distrust and diso-
bedience of their own fellow-citizens.
The fact that their efforts are often
expensively misguided also makes tax
payers restless. The whole method
too often means that disease is at-
tacked by a blunderbuss instead of by
a rifle.
Our Town Needs An Expert.
Kvery community needs a full-time
health officer. As a walled town in
time of war has its watchmen ever on
guard, so a town, being continually
subject to the siege of sickness, needs
its trained and experienced watchman.
This man should have but one object
in life, and that is to read, study, act
for the health of the community which
he is set to guard. Being free from
any narrow concern or private prac-
tice, being above local obligations, be-
ing responsible to all, he moves im-
partially; alertly, tactfully, determin-
edly about his sacred task of guarding
his own town from death.
His chief duty is not to be promi-
nent at quarantines or autopsies, but
to make these after-effects of disease
unnecessary by prevention.
How to Get Full Protection.
The force of a well-administered lo-
cal health office should consist of at
least four persons: The administrator
in charge of the whole health cam-
paign of the town, the analyst in
charge of the laboratory, the inspect-
or who watches the food and drink
supplies, the sources of infection and
the cases of contagion, and the visit-
ing nurse who co-operates with the
schoo! authorities and follows up
cases of illness, and who represents
the office particularly before the wom-
en and children of the community.
Will
Public health may be bought at the |.
price of 50 cents per capita per year.
Is that too much for you? Your town
alone may not be able to sustain the
ideal staff suggested above. But your
town can co-operate with other towns
and do it, at the price I have named.
If you are alive to the importance
of this matter, will you ask the Public
Health Service, Washington, to send
vou the booklet entitled “Co-operative
Health Administration.” It is free.
Pa’s Definition.
“Pa, what is meant by the ‘psycho-
logical moment.” ”
“Have you never seen your mother
ask me for a check, son?”
“Oh, yes, pa.”
“And did you ever notice that she
always waits until I have had a good
dinner and she has brought my slip-
pers and has pulled my easy chair
around to the light and struck a
match for my cigar?”
“Yes, pa.”
“Well, that is what is known as the
psychological moment for making a
domestic touch.”
. ——For high class Job Work come
to the “Watchman” Office.
PUBLIC HEALTH.
Rubbing of sore eyes Dangerous, Dix- |
on Says.
That the germs causing affection of !
the eyes, says Dr. Samuel G. Dixon, ;
his !
weekly “Little Talk on Health and |
Hygiene,” can be handed around a!
state health commissioner, in
community is a fact, although not one
generally understood. Doctor Dixon
points out that the man on his way to |
the hospital may rub his eyes and
leave germs capable of transmitting
his affection upon a street car rail.
‘the next one along may grasp the
same rail, rub his eyes and contract
some one of the many chronic dis-
eases that afflict the eye.
Dr. Dixon says:
“If mankind were suddenly to lose
its eyesight the race would die out. No
one can review the ordinary acts of
his daily life without a realization of
the indispensable part the eye plays
in all our acts from the most ordinary
to the most important.
“The eye is one of the most highly
complicated, and at the same time,
one of the most exact pieces of animal
mechanism that exists. It is much
exposed to injury through wounds or
by germs of disease.
“Man is not as dependent upon his
hands as the monkeys in the wilds of
their native forests, where they travel
about by swinging from limb to limb
by their hands. If, however, we take
account of our daily movements we
will realize that our hands are kept
busy during our working hours.
“To open a door we catch the knob
with the hand. To climb into the trol-
ley car we grasp the rail with the
hand. These acts and 100 others like
them, thousands of people are per-
forming every moment.
“Some of these people are suffering
with chronic diseases of the eyes and |
may for instance be on their way to
the hospital, not having been instruct-
ed.as to the character of the malady.
The sufferer who may be on your car
has been wiping his eyes with his
hand and has helped himself into the
car with the germs of disease on his
hands just previous to your catching
hold of the same rail. The only step
further to infect yourself with the
same disease is to rub your eye with
the hand that has been on the rail.
“Notwithstanding this everyday
danger we constantly see people rub-
bing their eyes with unclean hands or
gloves. If only a small
of the readers of this will take the
warning contained herein, many cases
of diseased eyes may be avoided.
“Needless to say, car rails are not
the only means of communicating in-
fection in this way. There are hun-
dreds of others.”
DOCTOR KRUSEN URGES CARE
OF BABIES’ EYES.
Many Cases of Blindness Due to Neg-
lect at Birth, He Points Out.
All possible care should be exercis-
ed by parents to prevent what is com-
monly known as “sore eyes” in babies
and to have such a condition promptly
treated when it develops. This ad-
vice was given yesterday by Director
Krusen, of health and charities.
“When one recalls,” said Doctor
Krusen, “the fact that 25 per cent of
the children who have lost their sight
are really victims of ‘babies’ sore
eyes,” better known in medical terms
as ophthalmia meonatorum, an en-
tirely preventable disease, we may
rightfully reproach ourselves for not
having made some attempt to avoid
such disastrous injuries, among in-
fants who are themselves the innocent
victims of this serious affection.
“One out of every twelve persons
among the blind population owes his
misfortune to the lack of care of the
eyes at the time of birth.
Doctor Krusen added that only sim- :
ple treatment of a baby’s eyes at
birth, the instillation of a few drops of
medicine, is necessary to protect the
sight of the little one. This treatment,
he explained, should be given by a
physician, altho it can be administer-
ed by a mid-wife. The bureau of
health supplies this medicine free of
cost upon application. :
Tre Seedlings at State Nurseries.
The Department of Forestry has
announced that 2,000,000 forest tree
seedlings will be available for free
distribution in the spring of 1917.
The following species make up the
number:
Estimated
: No. Available
Yhite pitte ......oiiviviiina, 1,250,000
Seotchspine oo. .......000c 0, 410,000
Pitch pine ................... 200,000
Norway spruce 75,000
European larch 50,000
Japanese lareh ............... 5,000
Sugar maple ................. "5,000
White ash ;................... 5,000
These are the seedlings over and
above those which will be planted on
State forests. Any one can secure an
allotment of these trees if he will
promise to use them for reforesting
within the State of Pennsylvania.
No trees will be furnished for shade
or ornamental planting, nor will any
shipments be made in less than five
hundred lots.
The trees are two and three years
old, and from five to ten inches high.
Shipments will begin from the big
forest nurseries about April first, but
application for trees may be made at
any time to the Commissioner of
Forestry. The only expense which
applicants are asked to bear is a
nominal charge for packing and ship-
ping, which will average about twen-
ty-five cents per thousand seedlings.
A bulletin giving detailed instruc-
tions on what, when, and how to plant
is now in the hands of the State print-
er, and copies will be sent to anyone
whg makes request in time. In cases
where it is practicable, the Depart-
ment of Forestry will detail one of
the Forest Service men to supervise
the planting operations.
Applications are coming in almost
daily, and indications are that the de-
mand in 1917 - will far exceed last
year’s record. Almost 1,500,000
seedlings were planted by private in-
dividuals in 1916.
WANTED—To place in good homes for
adoption, three boys about five years of
age, two at ten and eleven and a baby
boy at three months. Communicate with
Mrs. J. T. Mitchell, Bellefonte, Pa.
proportion |
FOR AND ABOUT WOMEN.
DAILY THOUGHT
! To be truly happy is a question of how
j We begin and net of how we end, of what
we want and not of what we have.—Stev-
enson.
Just add a bana of fur.
If it isn’t made of fur it is trimmed
with fur. Never was there such a
| season for the using of odd bits of
: fur, the making over of fur coats
i quite out of style, the cutting down
i of shabby muffs and neckpieces to
! proportions from which the shabbi-
i ness has been eliminated.
| Not even grandmother's Paisley
{ shawl, says a writer in The New York
| Sun, has been sacred to the fashion
i makers. The lovely old garments have
| been taken from their camphor and
{ moth balls, cut up recklessly, trim-
| med with fur and launched in sets of
i hat, muff and scarf or muff and col-
lar. Very effective and beautiful
ome of these are, the simple long,
wide scarf with deep fur bands on the
ends being, if gracefully worn, the
| most attractive of the neckpieces.
| Mole is a favored trimming for the
| softly gay fabric, and seal is next in
i favor.
The modern looms have this year
| turned out some wonderful cloths
| modeled upon the Paisley shawl color-
ings and designs, but a trifle more
| brilliant, and these are being pressed
| into service where there is no family
| treasure to sacrifice.
i
Angora wool, knitted by hand or
| machine woven, is another material
| that is fur trimmed and made into
| very delectable neckpiece, muff and
! hat sets. not onl for sports wear but
! for ordinary street wear as well. As
| for the velvets, silks and fine cloths
i joined with fur to make the little
! things of the winter costume, there is
'no end to them.
| Whole hats of fur, relieved only by
| single ornament or slight trimming,
| are more plentiful and more varied |
| than usual, and first place is perhaps
i given to the tall crowned brimless
shapes of the Cossack and Hussar
types. Thesc are trying but immense-
Ply chic when becoming, and for the
! woman who cannot wear them there |
| are plenty of other things less severe.
One set of bag, muff and hat has
| the tiniest of moleskin muffs, a draw
| string bag of blue silk richly em-
{ broidered and trimmed in bands of
{ fur, and a close-fitting visor cap of
! -noleskin encircled by a narrow band
i of embroidered blue, which ties in a
i small bow at the front.
| The wmuch-exploited beret is, of
{ course, shown in fur, and there are
i many fur hats that, like the velvets,
{ have brims clasping the head closely
and flaring out at audacious angles as
they slant upward.
Muffs are of assorted shapes and
| sizes.
i Long scarfs, short scarfs, wide
| scarfs, narrow scarfs, all are permis-
i sible in fur or in other material fur
| trimmed.
New patent leather shoes, rubbed
all over with a little vaseline put on
with a piece of soft flannel and pol-
ished, will never crack. Patent leath-
{er should be kept in a warm, dry
i Dice, and should not be worn on wet
days.
| This serge trotteur frock for the
i school girl or any fair one who gets
| about much, is sure to be suitable and
! practical because of its youthful lines
| and the clever arrangement of the
| fullness. Bone buttons and an em-
| broidered white collar and cuff set
i lend a nice finishing touch.
|
|
Three large buttons fasten many
of the handsome top coats.
Dark blue and gray is one of the
| season’s combinations.
| A gray doveskin ‘“trotter” suit has
! white suede trimmings.
{ Fabric gloves are worn a great
deal, except for formal occasions.
The long loose sleeves known as
angel sleeves are coming in again.
Veils of coarse dark tulle are heav-
{ily embroidered in white or gray.
A slender woman can follow almost
any fashion and look right in it.
Many of the best looking dresses
for small girls are fashioned on middy
lines.
If you are so fortunate as to own a
Paisley shawl, make it into an evening
wrap.
It
your hands
would be well while bathing
every day to rub your
oil. Five or ten minutes of the treat-
ment daily shows results in a month
or two.
Red, swollen hands are very unat-
tractive. If you must work much in
hot water try using rubber gloves.
Give them a try at least. If you do
not like them, a good way to prevent
redness is to give your hands a good
washing just after you have finished
your work. Use warm water and good
soap. Dry them thoroughly and then
rub a few drops of glycerine and rose-
water over them. If you will have a
bottle of this mixture handy and ap-
ply a little after each time you wash
your hands it will keep them soft and
white.
Boston Brown Bread—One cup each
of whole wheat flour, cornmeal and
white flour, sifted together. One cup
molasses, one pint butter-milk. Turn
into well-greased bread molds and
steam three hours, being careful to
have the lid fit tight. The water
should come nearly to the top of the
molds. One cup raisins, or currants,
or any spices, may be added, to taste.
(If it is to be eaten with beans or
other heavy foods, the fruit should be
omitted.)
Whole Wheat Biscuit—Add suffi-
cient sweet milk to whole wheat flour
to make a stiff dough, first mixing the
flour with baking powder and salt, if
any is used, a level tea-spoonful bak-
ing powder to every cup of flour.
Drop onto a greased pan, the same as
“drop cookies,” and bake in a quick
oven. These are delicious, especially
if broken open and slightly toasted in
the oven, and with milk or cream,
alone, make a most satisfying meal.
elbows for a few minutes with olive !
FARM NOTES.
—In counting the profit from geese,
one should keep in mind that the cost
| of housing is very much less than in
{ the case of hens. All that is required
is a sleeping place that is tight on
three sides and provided with plenty
of dry litter. Vigorous geese will
spend most of their time in their out-
side runs.
—All over the country the discus-
sion of the best means of picking the
layers is going on, and nearly every
day something is being added to the
various means of making an intelli-
gent selection of the best layers with-
out going through the operation of
trap-setting.
At the “All-Northwest” egg laying
contest to take place at Pullman,
Washington, there will be an examin-
ation made of all the 1,200 hens enter-
ed in the contest by Mr. Hogan, a Cal-
ifornia poultryman, who lays claim to
being able to pick the best layers by
merely handling the hens. A record
will be made of the result of each hen
examined by Mr. Hogan. Then, at the
conclusion of the contest, the public
will be able to learn just what the
opinion of this specialist amounts to
in regard to being able to pick the
best layers. Mr. Hogan’s system of
picking the layers by handling them
has come to be known as “Hoganiz-
ing” the hens.—Farm and Fireside.
—Instead of letting the chickens,
i ducks, and geese remain on range
“when finishing them for the market,
place them in a well-ventilated, slat-
ted coop where they will be dry and
comfortable and yet have plenty of
air. Place troughs outside the slatted
coops where the chickens can reach
| conveniently, and try a ration of 60
| pounds corn meal, 40 pounds wheat
middlings, 5 pounds fine beef scraps,
moistened with skimmed milk or but-
| termilk in the proportion of one and
one-half pounds of milk to one pound
{ of the dry feed. The best results have
been secured by feeding this mixture
twice a day, all the chickens will be
cleaned up in from twenty to twenty-
five minutes. From two weeks to
eighteen days of this crate feeding is
all that is generally found profitable.
Good vigorous stock will put on a
pound of gain with this ration under
the right conditions, at a cost of about
five and one-half cents a pound. Of
course, plenty of fresh water should
be in reach of the crated poultry.
—To preserve the heat derived from
the bodies of the animals, and at the
same time remove the impurities, the
King system of ventilation is to be
recommended. That consists in al-
lowing 500 to 1000 cubic feet of space
for each animal, and making provis-
ion for a change of air at the rate of
3000 cubic feet per hour for each ani-
mal, bringing in the fresh air at the
ceiling and removing the cold air from
the bottom of the stable.
Plenty of windows should be provid-
ed. Sunlight is a disinfectant, and
acts as an invigorator and a tonic.
Light in the stable facilitates work,
and by showing up the dirt is a stim-
ulus to cleanliness. It is suggested
that three square feet of window
i glass be provided to each animal.
: Windows should be placed on both
sides of the stable, and the number
can scarcely be too great.
Each individual in the herd must
be healthy, and any animal suffering
from a constitutional disease should
be gotten rid of. The disease most
common to dairy animals is tubercu-
losis.
—Wholesome milk cannot be pro-
duced from sick or ailing cows. It is
therefore important that the da ry-
man secure a healthy herd and pro-
vide conditions for maintaining them
i in the proper manner.
| In the stable there must be good
|
ventilation to insure proper health
and vigor of the herd. Oxygen is as
much a food as meal, and plenty of
air is needed to supply it. Carbonic
acids and other impurities cast off by
the lungs are poisonous, and must be
gotten rid of.
It is impossible for the cow to reach
her maximum production, or long
i maintain health, in the absence of
| proper ventilation. It has been advis-
ed that an animal should have as
many cubic feet of space as the num-
ber of pounds of live weight. Space,
| however, is not so essential as the fre-
i quency with which the air is changed.
| We know the stable is properly ven-
| tilated when we fail to detect any
strong or disagreeable odors upon en-
tering it, and when we find no mois-
ture collected on the ceilings and
walls.
When windows are used the cold air
enters the stable near the ceiling,
drives the warm air out at the other
side and the cold air near the floor is
left undisturbed.
—Feeding Idle Work Horses.—It is
important to feed and handle idle
work horses during the winter so that
they will be ready for the spring
i work. A little judgment and care on
| the part of the feeder will insure a
i low feed cost and a thrifty condition
i of the horse.
For roughage, bright oat straw and
clean corn stover may replace at least
one-half of the hay ordinarily fed.
For an idle horse the amount of
roughage may be increased slightly
over the standard advised for a horse
at work. Dr. H. H. Havner, in charge
of livestock extension at the Pennsyl-
vania State College school of agri-
culture and experiment station, rec-
ommends 1% to 1% pounds of a com-
bination of 1 part mixed hay, % part
bright oat straw and 3 part corn
stover, for every 100 pounds live
weight of horse daily.
A small amount of grain will be
needed to keep the body in proper
thrift. Not more than one-half pound
of grain per 100 pounds live weight
of horse daily is needed in the case of
an idle horse. The kind of grain will
depend upon the price of feed in the
particular locality. Oats, a standard
grain feed for horses, would fit in
with the roughage recommended. IT
corn is available it may be used to
advantage with a smaller amount of
oats or a level handful of oilmeal
twice a day.
Many horsemen value oilmeal as a
part of the winter grain ration very
highly. One-half to one pound of oil-
meal per horse daily, is sufficient. It
has a high protein content. It acts
favorably upon the digestive tract and
keeps the hair coat in condition.
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