Beata. |
Bellefonte, Pa., October 27, 1916.
The Dust Questicn to he Kept at the
_ Forefront.
It ic quite evident that the move-
ment agitating for and demanding
clean streets and the suppression of
the dust menace and nuisance is ex-
tending in earnest and growing in im-
perative intensity. People are hegin-
ning to perceive the dire fact that
dust particles are aviating microbe
rafts—or germ aeroplanes, if vou
please—that the dangerous and dis-
gusting feature of the dirt is the com-
municable dust into which it is pul-
verized by dryness and propagated by
wind gusts, automobile wheels and
exhausts, and by so-called street
cleaners, who sweep against wind anc
traffic without sprinkling or caring,
even when.they have the water pots
to do so—which seems to be the ex-
ception.
If the people are really awake,
alert and organized they will, with
righteous indignation and a sweeping
potency, demand the removal of dirt
and the suppression of dust, and ex-
pect the work to be done thoroughly
and the street-cleaning bureau to
prove its efticiency. Officially, as well
as industrially, efficiency is more of a
matter of management than of the in-
dividual capacity of the subordinate
labor or the mechanical adequacy of
the equipment. Men and machines to
do the required work are not so diffi-
cult to obtain, but the uniform and in-
sistent training and the close and
conscientious inspection by a full and
dependable force are elements of fun-
damentl importance for good results.
Further, the example of official ef-
forts toward street cleanliness will
educate the people to emulate the
same in cleaning anc flushing the
sidewalks. The object of legislation
meanwhile is tc compel responsible
household and business people to keep
their sidewalks clean, even where
abutting buildings are vacant. Leg-
islation will educate as well as acti-
vate a tendency to this betterment
for public decency and comfort as
well as health and sanitary safety.
No question is settled until it is set-
tled right; and this dirty dust ques-
tion will not be settled until the dust
is settled right, by systematic and
steady reduction and removal. It is
the essence of science and of common
sense to face facts. Anv one with
half an eye can surely observa an
feel that the streets and sidewalks are
abominably and constantly dirty and
the air extremely dusty, except when
it rains. .What are our standards of
cleanliness, if we say they are not s~,
or even only slightly or tolerably so?
Or has long familiarity bred neglect,
because, having eyes to see, we see
not; hearts to feel interest and indig-
nation, we feel not; minds to under-
stand, we know not what to do and
wills to do, we fold our hands serene-
ly and slumberingly and act not; or
because of foxy polities and pharisa-
ical procrastination we pull back or
pass by those who have the starter
and motor qualities to initiate and
drive ahead for a cleaner, healthier
and neater city ?
This anti-dust agitation as a
health
cent origin; it has, indeed, contirued
for move than fifteen vears; but only
lately has been renewed, last inte»
In connection with the grip epidemic,
and in July and September as a warn-
Ing in relation to the infantile paraly-
sis prevalence. z
It will be our object to serialize and
summarize our past and present in-
formation concernine the Aust menace
and the methods and management for
its abatement and abolition, for the
latter is not at all «itopian fanev,
but a practicable probability.—By
Howard S. Anders, A. M. M. D. ;
public
Penn State Sweeps Country in Butter
Judging Contest.
Highest honors in the butter judg-
ing contest at the National dairy
show have been won by students of
The Pennsylvania Sate College. The
three-man team, which represented
Penn State, returned from Spring-
field, Mass., bringing more than $300
in prize money. In addition to win-
ning the team prize from eight of the
foremost agricultural schools in the
country, the State College students
were rated first, second and third in
the individual scores. State led the
field by more than 20¢ points over
South Dakota, its nearest competitor.
The team was composed of Silas
Page, of Pittsburgh; Elmer Saylor, of
Spring City, and Birch Ober, of En-
terprise, Pa. 1. J. Bibby, instructor
in dairy husbandry at State College,
coached the winning team.
ar
The Women, Too, Will Vote.
Two political parties working tooth
and nail to elect theiz candidates, and
one boss dominating both factions is
the unusual situation at The Pennsyl-
vania State College. Students in the
course in political science have divid-
ed into Hughes and Wilson support-
ers, and both organizations are cor h-
ing the college commurity for votes.
Dr. George F. Zook, associate profes-
sor of history, holds the election re-
sult in the hollow of his hand, for he
is the instructor of the class. Equal
suffrage has heen extended to the
women students for the first time, and
they will exercise their ballot privi-
lege at the mock election to be held
next week.
Two of a Kind.
Two wretched lookiag tramps wera
brought before a justice of the peace.
Addressing the worse-looking one, the
Justice said, “Where do you live ?”
“Nowhere.”
“And where do you live?” said the
© justice, addressing the other.
“I’ve got the room just above him.”
| ing.
FARM NOTES.
—Berks county shows an average
below last year’s average.
—Reports from all sections of the
State indicate that the buckwheat
crop will be a failure and that less
than sixty per cent. of the average
vield will be produced.
—The long drought in mid-summer
yield of wheat of 24 bushels to an
acre while Lebanon shows 23.5 bush-
els, Lancaster 22.9; Delaware, 225:
Chester, 22.5 and Bucks 21.4 bushels.
—Like wheat and buckwheat, the
oats and rye crops will be below aver-
age this season, with rye being far
below average this season, with rye
being far below last year’s averags.
—“Many farmers who find no time
for doing the work of the farm at the
time or in the manner they would like
to do it, must dc the best they can
with the limited amount of labor
available,” says J. T. Campbell, farm
adviser of the Fennsyivania Depart-
ment of Agriculture. “I have. met
many farmers during the past season
who wish to use lime on their land,
but were so crowded with their work
that liming could not be done. To
such, let me recommend hauling the
lime during the nice days of late au-
tumn after the rush of cropping is
over. If the lime is hauled and ap-
plied to the land at this time it will be
in readiness for next season’s crops.
The fields are generally dry and solid
at this season and the lime can be
spread as hauled, right on the sud ov
other land needing it. It will be
plowed down at the next plowing and
its full berefit may not be realized
till it is plowed up again, but the fact
that it can be applied at this time,
when otherwise there is not time for
applying it, will offset the slicht loss
that may take place.
“I would prefer to have the lime ap-
plied to the vlowed land and worked
in, but in the rush of seeding time
this is frequently out of the question.
Most of us cannot farm as we would
like to farm but must farm as we can.
Many of those who would feign advise
the farmer in his work knows little of
the conditions confronting the man in
the fields. Get the lime and apply it
when other work is not pressing, it
will be profitable.”
—-Provided conditions are right most
fruit trees may be planted in the fall
as well as in the spring, over the
greater part of Pennsylvania. The
chief point favoring fall planting are:
Such trees usually get an earlier
start in the spring, the soil and
weather conditions are generally more
favorable for planting in the fall than
in the spring, the dangers of improper
winter storage are avoided and the
fullest stocks and choicest trees are
available from the nurseries.
The essentials for successfu! fall
planting, according to Dr. J. P. Stew-
art of the Pennsylvania State College
are:
A proper amount of rnoisture in the
soil, well prepared holes into which
to set the trees, well matured trees,
and sufticient open weather to enable
the roots to get some connection with
the soil before winter. The conflict
between the last two items is the
usual peint-of difficulty in fall plant-
In general, however, the vourg
{ frees are sufficiently mature by the
|
movement is not at all 5f re- |
f
early part of October to permit the
asual digging and stripping of foliage
without material injury, and any time
within the month of October is usual-
ly early encugh to enable the trees to
get properly established before cold
weather arrives. The roots usuallv
remain active much longer than the
tops.
Where the conditions outlined can
all be obtained fall planting is prob-
ably preferable. Where they are lazk-
ing in any important particular ox
ly rigorous, it is generally safer to
ly rigorous, it is generally -u.fcr
defer planting until spring.
—It being so extremely important
that poultry, during the cold fall dav
and night rains and the bad weather
of winter, to do well, be properly and
comfortably housed, the Pennsylvania
Department of Agriculture urges
farmers and all others keeping poul-
try at this time to do the following
things to their poultry houses this
month.
First, to thoroughly clean by remov-
ing all rubbish, litter, dung and inter-
ior fixtures; by sweeping down all
walls, ete., and applying a coat of
white wash. And to do this on a clear
sunny day 30 as to promptly dry out.
Second, to see that the roof is
tight and dces not leak in the heaviest
storms.
Third, to batten all cracks to the
north, west and east and if there are
any windows or openings on the north
side or in roof or at eaves to close up
tight, with boards.
Fourth, to arrange or rebuild so
that from 50 to &0 per cent. of the
south side is in openings and in glass.
It is important though, that there be
not any considerable amount of glass
in a poultry house. A house with a
ewenty-foot frontage to the south and
eight feet from floor to roof on this
side—the roof should always slope to
the north, if it does not, turn the
building or change its location until
it does—can have an opening ten feet
long by five feet high placed in its ex-
act centre and can have an ordinary
sized window on each side of opening
and be about right.
Fifth, to put in a floor, or an in-
sulated cement floor. A great many
farmers balk at this expense but it is
the thing to do if poultry are to have
any chance at all to make good in bad
weather. Board or cement floors in
the poultry house are really feeding
floors and floors under good manage-
ment are always covered with deep
clean litter with some grain always
therein and the chickens always busy
scratching. Such floors become pol-
ished like wax and the only cleaning
they need is a weekly shaking of the
straw to one side and the sweeping to-
gether and removal of the dirt and
fine stuff.
Sixth, and most important of all,
the chickens must like the house and
be willing to spend most of the time
therein, with the door open. If they
won’t do this there is something
wrong with the house and a sure
sign that the poultry is again going
to be a loss this winter.
| Making Hog-Cholera Serum and Vi-
rus.
Recent years have witnessed such a
general adoption of tne practice of
vaccinating hogs to protect them
from cholera that the scientific nro-
duction of serum and cholera blood,
or virus, has become a commercial
undertaking of considerable magni-
tude. Anti-hog-cholera serum is
made from the blood of a hyper-im-
mune hog. An animal is selected
which has had cholera and has recov-
ered or has been vaccinated. It is
placed in a portable crate and wheel-
ed into a laboratory where a block
and tackle is employed to raise it up
in a frame so that it cannot move.
An incision is then made in the ani-
mal’s ear and the preper amount of
virus injected into one of the veins
through a rubber tube. An injection
of about one quart is used for an ani-
mal weighing 20C pounds. If the hog
survives this infusion of diseased
blood it is killed at the end of two or
three weeks and its blood is drawn off
and used for serum.
—Plans for the State corn, apple,
butter, milk and wool show which
will be held at Harrisburg an January
23, 24 and 25 are being worked out
and announcement of the premium
list will be made within a short time.
Indications point to one of the best
shows they have ever held in the
State.
Electric Threshing Outfit Used by
Kansas Farmers.
During the wheat harvesting sea-
son in Dickinson county, Kan., this
vear, threshing was done electrically
for the first time, so far as itis
known, in the history of the State. A
group of farmers in one locality were
unable to engage a steam outfit for
the time it was desired. They there-
fore joined together, forming a co-
operative association, issued stock to
the amount of $1,200 and bought a
separator and fair-sized motor. With
this equipment they threshed their
wheat, obtaining electric current
from the transmission lines of a
lighting company supplying energy
to towns in that vicinity. The farm-
ers reduced their threshing expenses
50 per cent., cutting the cost per
bushel from eight to four cents. This
saving paid for the equipment, which
will be depended upon in the future.
For high class Job Work come
to the “Watchman” Office.
FOUR
40 H. P.
7-passenger
$875
F. O. B. Detroit
Room for
And room for 7 FULL-GROWN pas-
sengers, too—don’t forget that. You can '
ride with 6 other people all day in this
Studebaker without getting cramped or
crowded to death. It’s big, roomy, restful.
We'd just like to take you for a little ride
in either the FOUR ($875) or in the SIX
($1085) and show you what Studebaker
means by ROOM.
GEORGE A. BEEZER,
BELLEFONTE, PA.
Come in — today.
81X
50 H. P.
7-passenger
$1085
F. O. B. Detroit
i —
ERIES
Fancy Wisconsin Cheese, with mild flavor. At the present market value
of Cheese it should retail at 28c to 30c per pound but we still hold our price
down to 25 cents. It’s a fine bargain at this price.
FINE GR
TE NT——=—0)
We have made no advance on Canned Corn, Peas and Stringless Beans.
At our present prices they are as good value as any food product on
the market.
Our White potatoes are good size and fine quality Also Parsnips, Onions,
Turnips, Sweet Potatoes and Cabbage.
If you are not pleased with Syrup in tin cans and pails try our fine goods
sold by the quart and gallon. We have a pure Sugar and a fine grade of
Compound goods at 50c and 60c per gallon. Sure to please you.
California Naval Oranges—seedless. The smaller sizes are all gone for
this season, but we have fancy fruit at 30c, 40c, 50c and extra large at 60c.
Have just received some very fancy New Mackerel. Try them.
We have the Genuine New Orleans Molasses—new crop, light colored,
heavy body to sell by the quart or gallon. It will please you.
Evaporated Peaches, Pears, Apricots, Prunes and Raisins, all at reasonable
prices. Come to the store that has the goods you want.
If you are not using our Vinegar, just try it and see the difference.
SECHLER & COMPANY,
Bush House Block, - - 57-1 - - - Bellefonte, Pa.
Open an Account
With Us.
Never mind if your start
1s a modest one. We
will help make it grow.
The First National Bank
59-1-1y BELLEFONTE, PA.
~y
: Hi
” Who
Smoked
"SWEET
Caps”
When
Haverleys
Minstrels
WereThere?! 7
THERE YOU N
. Step up and watch the purity
2 of Sweer CaroraLCi
garettes
proved in actual burning tests
by one of our demonstrators.
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they're
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