Bemorralic {aidan
~~
Bellefonte, Pa., March 31, 1916.
LIGHT'S EFFECTS ON GERMS
‘While It Kills Some, It Transforms
Others Into Creatures of a
Different Species.
If sunlight destroys bacteria, it is
also the active agent in multiplying
their species. Such, at least, is the
obvious deduction which science is
drawing from a recent experiment of
Mme. Victor Henry, and it is one that
opens up an entirely new field to the
bacteriologists.
She had occasion recently to ex-
pose some germs of anthrax to the
rays from a mercury vapor lamp. As
she expected, the treatment proved
fatal to most of the subject, but a few
of them survived.
The astonishing feature in the case
was that the survivors had undergone
a radical transformation. They were
no longer thin and threadlike. They
had become spherical, or nearly so,
true cocci, in fact. At the same time,
they were radically different from all
known spores.
What is more, upon cultivation they
did not return to their original form,
and when injected into animals pro-
duced an entirely new disease.
Mme. Henry is forced to the conclu-
sion that she has developed an entire-
ly new bacterial family, and reasoning
from her experience believes that she
has hit upon the means by which such
families have multiplied. It is her
opinion that after long exposure to
sunlight, a germ, if not destroyed, un-
dergoes a radical change in form and
nature, thus becoming the root of an
entirely new species.
ARE USING ROMAN WEAPONS
Soldiers of Today Employ Almost a
Duplicate of Sword Used by
Caesar's Legionaries.
If one of Caesar’s legionaries who
fell in the “pacification” of Gaul could
be waked from his long sleep and
placed in the trenches, he would find
one or two familiar things, even if
he failed to recognize the landscape.
The appalling racket, the bursting
shells, the spectacle of men struck
down by invisible agencies of death—
these would be new and awesome. But
the helmet would have a rather famil-
iar feeling on his brows, and if he
took part in a charge he would show
himself a most efficient man with the
“trench knife.”
For this new weapon is just the
old Roman broadsword revived and
brought down to date. The blade is a
bit shorter than tnat to which the
legionary was accustomed—15 inches
instead of 18. But the point and edge
are keen, the steel is good, the hilt
is plain, and the injunction to “thrust
at the face” is as sound as ever. With
this accustomed weapon in his grip
and a cloak over his arm in lieu of
shield, Caius of the Tenth legion would
be a nasty warrior to meet on the
chalk knolls of Champagne.
To Reform Thermometer.
A sign of progress is a bill intro
duced by a Pacific coast representa. |
tive to substitute the Centigrade for
the Fahrenheit thermometer in gov-
ernment publications. When Gabrie?
Daniel Fahrenheit nearly 200 years |
ago devised the scale which bears his |
name 32 degrees below the freezing |
point was the lowest temperature he !
knew, so he called it zero. But his
graduation has been displaced in the !
scientific world almost as completely
as his idea of the extreme of cold.
Scientists everywhere use the Centi-
grade scale, and the Fahrenheit is in
popular use in English-speaking
countries only.
The Centigrade thermometer is
graduated in a simple and rational
way, the freezing point being marked
zero and the boiling point 100. The
movement for reform of the thermom-
eter ought to go hand-in-hand with the
propaganda for universal adoption of
the metric system of weights and
measures and for uniform decimal re-
lations of coinage in all nations.—
Newark Evening News.
His Shaves Stopped Alimony.
Unable, he claims, to pay the ali-
‘mony awarded his wife because of ex-
penses attached to daily shaves, at-
‘tending the movies nightly and other
‘more or less princely luxuries, George
Lawson was arrested by Detective
Barnshaw on a bench warrant issued
by Vice Chancellor Leaming and sent
to the county jail on contempt pro-
ceedings.
When his wife brought action for di-
vorce some time ago Lawson strenu-
ously objected to the amount of ali-
mony imposed by the vice chancellor,
declaring that he was unable to pay,
as he required the ministrations of a
barber daily and a seat at the movies
to settle his nerves after a day of toil.
The vice chancellor told him to buy
a safety razor and drop the show pas-
sion.—Atlantic City dispatch Philadel-
phia Record.
SUFFRAGE AMENDMENT WINS
Oklahoma House Passes Resolution,
Which Now Goes to Senate.
Oklahoma City, Okla.—A joint reso-
lution authorizing the submission of a
female suffrage amendment to the
state constitution was adopted by the
Oklahoma House of Representatives.
The vote was 42 to 15. Should the
resolution be adopted by the Senate
the amendment would be submitted to
the electorate in August.
MOUSE BITE KILLS BABY
Slight Wound Infects Washington, D.
C., Infant With Blood Poisoning—
Coroner Warns People.
There are occasional instances
where rodents, both the house rat and
mouse, have been known to invade
the bed or crib occupied by young chil-
dren, especially infants when left
alone sleeping. Such an incident is
recorded in the death of William Web-
ster Jackson, son of Mr. and Mrs.
William W. Jackson of Washington,
whose death is reported in the vital
statistics as due to a virulent blood
poisoning from the infection of a
mouse bite on the child’s neck.
One night while the infant, only two
weeks old, was sleeping in his crib be-
side his mother’s bed a mouse crawled
into the crib and, biting the baby on
the neck, inflicted what was then
thought to have been an insignificant
wound. A simple application was made
to the scratch or wound inflicted by
the little rodent, and nothing more
was thought of it for the time being.
However, the bite resulted in an in-
fection which spread so rapidly that
physicians found it impossible to save
the child’s life. A high fever dovel-
oped, ana the child died.
Coroner J. Ramsay Nevitt, who in-
vestigated the case, is satisfied that
the child’s death was directly trace-
able to the bite of the mouse. In com-
menting upon the case he said:
“It is a fact widely known among
medical men that rats and mice carry !
disease, and householders should make
every effort to rid their houses of them
as a matter of personal and public
protection. Cats, likewise, are a men-
ace to public health, carrying germs
of disease to a marked degree. The
extermination of rats and mice should
be undertaken by the local and public
health service.”
OUR GREAT . NEW INDUSTRY
An Unprecedented Demand for High
Explosives Develrped Trade in
Benzol and Toluol.
In response to the "nprecedented de-
mand for high explosives a new indus-
try, the recovery of ben~zol and toluol,
suddenly sprang into existence in the
United States in 1915 Benzol ard
toluol, indispensable ; :w materials
from which explosives, dyestuffs and
other chemical products are manufae-
tured, are oils similar to gasoline in
appearence and smell and are present
in the gas that is driven off from coal
when it is made into coke. Before the
European war the demand in the Uni-
ted states for these products was so
small and the price so low that but one
company engaged in coke-making
sought to recover them on a large
scale,
! land and Imperator.
Tied Brousett to his home.
Late in 1914 the price of ben-
zol, and particularly toluol, rose to |
such a point that many other com- |
panies began to build plants to recover | man who talks, but he has a playful
these oils, which were then being
burned with the gas, and by the end
of 1915 there were 19 new plants for
benzol recovery in operation and oth-
ers in course of erection. It is esti-
mated that between 8,000,000 and 9,-
000,000 tons of coal were carbonized in
the ovens that furnished the gas from
which the oils were recovered.
Small But Useful Dynamo.
Farmers and others living on the
banks of small streams are showing
much interest in the new invention of
A. G. Watkins of Philadelphia, which
is a small waterpower plant floating
on the surface of the stream. This
generates sufficient power to operate
a small dynamo, which will supply
| the current to light a modern house
of moderate size, or do other useful
chores around the farm or suburban
residence. The plant consists of two
triangular floats secured together so
that there is a gradually narrowing
channel between them. The broad
end of this is turned upstream and
the narrow end is equipped with a
water wheel. The water enters the
large opening, and in passing out acts
on the wheel, which is in turn geared
to a small dynamo.
Origin of Britain's Broad Arrow.
Now that the broad arrow is so fre-
quently seen on military stores and
vehicles it is interesting to recall that
we owe this as the government mark
to Henry Sidney, master of the ord-
nance (created earl of Rommey in
1691), who, finding that the govern-
ment had no distinguishing mark to
enable them to identify its property,
caused it to be marked with his arms,
the “Pheen,” or “Broad Arrow,”
which has ever since been so used.—
London Globe.
Silk Culture in Colombia.
The government of Colombia has
just made an appropriation of $10,000
annually for the encouragement of silk
culture in the republic. Experiments
are to be made with native plants to
see if they can be used in the indus-
try in place of mulberry plants. Silk-
spinning machinery imported into Co-
lombia will be exempt from duty for
ten years.
Monkey Made Happy.
Hoolock, a lonesome monkey in the
Central park zoo, New York, was mis-
erable until the curator conceived the
idea of taking phonographic records
of his whining chatter. Now Hoolock
listens to his own talk, thinks he has
a companion and is perfectly happy.
Angler's Lucky Day.
Mrs. John Roberts, while fishing
from the municipal pier at Hermosa
Beach, Cal., caught five different kinds
of fish on five hooks at the same time.
The fish were mackerel, bass, jack
smelt, yellow fin and barracuda.
HAWSERS OF VAST STRENGTH
Monster Steamers Use Steel Ropes
Which It Would Seem Could With-
stand Any Power.
Afier laborious attempts to tow the
Thessaloniki into port the Greek liner
Patris arrived at New York and her
captain reported that three heavy steel
hawsers had parted during the effort
to save the disabled ship. The lines
that parted were 4%%-inch hawsers,
which means that a strain of 31 tons,
or 62,000 pounds, had been exerted be-
fore the break.
In general towing and lighter ship
work a three-inch steel hawser is the
usual line used. This consists of six
steel wire strands tightly wound on
‘a central hemp which is soaked in oil,
giving a certain pliability. This sort
of hawser is also used by some of the
steamship lines for permanent moor-
ings. The breaking point of the three-
inch steel line is about 23 tons. Its
cost is 29 cents a foot.
The largest of steel towing lines is
the one six inches in circumference,
the breaking strain of which is 54 tons,
or 108,000 pounds. Because of the
weight of this line and the difficulty
of handling it the 41-inch hawser is
the one mostly used for heavy towing.
In bulk the biggest hawsers used
in an American port were those on
the Hamburg-American liners Vater-
For permanent
moorings these great liners used 24-
inch hemp hawsers besides smaller
lines of steel wire and hemp.
MADE A QUICK RECOVERY
Elevator Man Fainted When Leg Was
Crushed, but Soon Got Back on
Job—It Was Cork.
When the doors of the service ele-
vator at the Alexandria closed unex-
pectedly just as Joe Brousett was
starting the machine it jammed his
leg, mashing it fearfully. Brousett
fainted. Fortunately the elevator
stopped without dragging him.
“Doc” Bassett, superintendent of
service, called an ambulance and hur-
He ap-
peared dazed. A physician was called.
Mr. Bassett returned to the hotel and
put a new man on the elevator.
Three hours later he entered the
elevator and was astounded to see
Brousett operating it. For a moment
he thought it was a ghost, but Brou-
sett assured him that everything was
all right.
“You see, that was a cork leg that
got smashed,” he said. “The accident
brought back so vividly my original
accident that I fainted and only came
to by the time J reached home. Then
I put ci: my reserve leg and came back
t> work.”—Los Angeles Times.
Grand Duke's Playful Way.
The Grand Duke Nicholas is not a
way with him at times, according to
the story told by Julius West in “Sol-
diers of the Czar.” Some time ago,
during ean inspection, the grand duke
was standing next to the emperor, a
few yards away frcm a group of gen-
erals. He ordered General Russky,
then in command of the forces in that
region, to step forward. The grand
duke next ordered a private soldier to |
come forward and hack off the gen-
eral’s epaulettes. “We can imagine,”
says Mr. West, “the dismay of the
other generals as the soldier obeyed.
“‘Now cut mine off,” was the next
order. The soldier did so. ‘Now put
them on his shoulders.” ”
It was the grand duke’s playful little
way of promoting Russky to the rank
of adjutant general, the highest in
the Russian army.
New Indigestible Dish.
Did you ever eat a knish? No.
Then you have missed a good attack
of indigestion and perhaps the under-
taker. A knish is something like a
dumpling, only infinitely more so. It
is made up of dough, chopped pota-
toes, onions, cheese, kashe, butter,
eggs “and other cereals,” weighs a
ton or less and costs five cents, nor-
mally. Since it became a war baby
it costs four cents under certain con-
ditions. It is the great piece de re-
sistance on New York's eastside. Ev-
ery store sells knishs, and the com-
petition is so great that some of the
merchants are giving coupons to buy-
ers. A certain number of these cou-
pons entitles the holder to a certificate
and a hack. to Bellevue with tan
knishes.
Gains Four Pounds in Three Hours.
Raymond Tilton, twenty-one years
old, performed the unusual feat of
gaining four pounds of weight in less
than three hours in order to become
a soldier in the United States army,
reports the Cincinnati Chronicle. Til-
ton, whose parents live in Richmond,
Ky., desired to join the infantry, and
he tipped the scale at 123 pounds,
being three pounds shy. He was no-
tified that the government is strict in
regard to this matter, and was told
to return when he acquired the neces-
sary avoirdupois. Tilton invested in
a 35-cent meal and imbibed freely of
water. Then it was found that he had
gained four pounds, one more than
the government required. He was
accepted.
What We Wish to Know.
An aged Frenchman, who has
worked out a system for forecasting
the weather, claims we are to have
a succession of twenty-six very se-
vere winters, commencing with the
present one. If he can tell us how
long the European war is to last, how-
ever, it will be of greater interest.—
Oshkosh Northwestern.
"
§ i
LED LTR
HHT
Foregone Conclusion.
Teacher—If a farmer sold 1,479 bush-
els of wheat for $1.17 a bushel what
would he get? Boy—An automobile.—
Philadelphia Bulletin.
Trouble teaches men how much there
is in manhood.—Beecher.
Plumbing.
Good Health
and
Good Plumbing
GO TOGETHER.
When you have dripping steam pipes, leaky
water-fixtures, foul sewe , Or escaping
as, you can’t have good Health. The air you
reathe is poisonous; your system becomes
poisoned and invalidism is sure to come.
SANITARY PLUMBING
is the kind we do. It’sthe only kind you
ought to have. Wedon't trustthis work to
boys. Our workmen are Skilled Mechanics.
no better anywhere. Our
Material and
Fixtures are the Best
Not a cheap or inferior article in our entire
establishment. And with good work and the
finest material, our
Prices are Lower
than many who give you T, unsanitary
work and the lowest grade of finishings. For
the Best Work trv
Archibald Allison,
Opposite Bush House - Bellefonte, Pa.
56-14-1v.
rn
Flour and Feed.
CURTIS Y. WAGNER,
BROCKERHOFF MILLS,
BELLEFONTE, PA.
Manufacturer, Wholesaler and Retailer of
Roller Flou
Feed
Corn Meal
and Grain
Manufactures and has on hand at all times the
following brands of high grade flour:
WHITE STAR 3
OUR BEST
HIGH GRADE
VICTORY PATENT
FANCY PATENT
The only place in the county where that extraor-
dinarily fine grade of spring wheat Patent Flour
SPRAY
be secured. Also International Stock F
om, See and feed of all kinds. od
All kinds of Grain bought at the office Flour
xchanged for wheat. :
OFFICE and STORE—BISHOP STREET,
BELLEFONTE, PA.
7-19 MILL AT ROOPSBURG.
N1Give the
{Children
their
1Chance
Can’t expect the children to stand high in their classes
unless they get their lessons done properly. And they
can’t do night study without proper light.
The best light to study by is that which beams from a
Rayo Lamp filled with slow-burning Atlantic Rayolight
Oil. It gleams soft, white and mellow — doesn’t flicker.
It's a wonderful light for studying. Won’t strain the
children’s eyes and so they study the better. And they
learn the quicker.
And you'll sew with less effort, and father will enjoy his
paper the more if you keep the house generously lighted
with Rayo Lamps.
Rayo Lamps are handsome —add to the appearance of
any room. They're easily cleaned and last a lifetime.
Your dealer can show“ you a full assortment of Rayo
Lamps priced from $1.50 up. But to get the best light
from a Rayo Lamp, you should burn
ATLANTIC
That's the kerosene that neither smokes nor smells, that burns
brightly and yields a great heat, but always at a low cost; use it
in every lamp in the house, in your heaters and in your oil stoves.
Atlantic Rayolight Oil is the one kerosene you can ask for by name
—that never varies in guality. And so it is especially desirable for
domestic purposes —for polishing furniture, for keeping away
moths, for removing rust and the many other uses hundreds of
housewives tell us they have found for it.
Ask your dealer for ATLANTIC RAYOLIGHT OIL by
name, you can buy it at any store that displays the sign:
—costs no more than the unknown kind
ATLANTIC REFINING COMPANY, Philadelphia and Pittsburgh
Compare this issue of the “Watchman” with other county
papers, and note the difference.
Dry Goods, Etc.
LYON & COMPANY.
Rugs and Other Floor Coverings.
We have just opened a new Rug Department, com-
prising a large assortment of new patterns and color-
ings. These were purchased some months ago and we
can save you 4c per cent. on the price quoted to-day.
We have Axminster, Body Brussels, Tapestry Brussels
Rugs, Room Size, Hall Runners & small Rugs to match. i
Special Sale of Matting Rugs.
To introduce our new Rug Department we will sell a
Matting Rug, assorted colors, for a short time only,
36x72, value $1.00, saleprice . . . . . 75 cents.
Included in this special price sale are Rag Carpets, all-
wool and part wool Ingrain Carpets, Linoleums and
Mattings. Make this Rug Sale your benefit, and give
our new Rug Department a look over.
EASTER OPENING
of Ready-to-Wear Garments.
Ladies’
shades.
and Misses’ Coats and Suits in all the new
All the new
spring shades in Waists :—Georgette, Crepe, Crepe de
La Vogue style speaks for itself.
Chine, Pussy Willow, Taffeta, and a large assortment
in White Waists.
Lids for Kids.
See our line of Children’s Spring and Summer Hats.
Prices special for early buyers.
Lyon & Co. ... Bellefonte
so