Bemoraic atc
Belletonte, Pa., March 12, 1915.
El AAS
MY DOG.
I have no dog, but it must be
Somewhere there’s one belongs to me—
A little chap with wagging tail,
And dark brown eyes that never quail,
But look you through, and through, and
through,
With love unspeakable, but true.
Somewhere it must be, I opine,
Thsre is a little dog of mine
With cold black nose that sniffs around
In search of what things may be found
In pocket, or some nook hard by,
Where I have hid them from his eye.
Somewhere my doggie pulls and tugs
The fringes of rebellious rugs,
Or with the mischief of the pup
Chews all my shoes and slippers up,
And, when he’s done it to the core,
With eyes all eager, pleads for more.
Somewhere, upon his hinder legs,
My little doggie sits and begs,
And in a wistful minor tone
Pleads for the pleasures of the bone—
I pray it be his owner’s whim
To yield and grant the same to him!
Somewhere a little dog doth wait,
It may be by some garden gate,
With eyes alert, and tail attent—
You know the kind of tail that’s meant—
With stores of yelps of glad delight
To bid me welcome home at night.
—Life.
FROM INDIA.
By One on Medical Duty in that Far Eastern
Country. Just a Potpouri of Incidents in Get-
ting Ready for the Home Coming.
JHANSI, JANUARY 1st, 1914.
Dear Home Folk:
How nice it is to be once more start-
ing homeward. Of course I will have
two weeks longer here and then I'm off;
it's all so recent I can scarcely realize it
at all. I had three letters from you all
last Saturday. I'll enclose in this the
boxes’ size and contents, so you'll have
no difficulty and will ship them direct to
Philadelphia, if possible. There seems
to be a little difficulty over just that
point, but I have written Cook’s and am
hoping to send the four boxes off within
a week as all are packed and crated, so
are ready to move on.
I shall send keys for my trunks to you |
but as I have only one for each trunk I
will have one made as I am afraid they
might get lost, so although I'll ship the
trunks at once the keys will no doubt
reach you long before they get there.
This is New Year’s day and several of
us went out to see the big New Year's
parade. Of all the King’s soldiers, there
was not a thing new in it all but, as Dr. !
G. remarked, it made one think of comic
opera, and one of my English women
friends remarked that the time of “God
save the King” bored her and wished it
could be changed for another—after we
had listened to it for six times—now don’t
you see how impressed we all were. It
has been interesting to live in a military
station and I am more than glad that I
have had this opportunity to see it at
close range, but long for city life once
more; I wonder whether one is ever con-
tent.
Christmas brought cards and cards,
more and more, until I don’t just know
how I will acknowledge them all,
but think I'll just wait and send post-
cards from the most interesting point I
find, to the most of them, for I just can’t
write so many letters. Do hope you had
a nice Christmas time; with the two
children it would be merry indeed.
The drought still continues; you i
couldn’t imagine such dryness and then, |
even the Christmas rains failed this year
and now they have nearly six months of
dry weather still to face.
I have been given so many nice things,
My “Parsee” friends gave me the most
beautiful crepe-de-chine sauri—I think
there are eight yards in it, and it will
make a beautiful evening frock; it is just
what they wear all the time, and now I
have one. The mother of my babe also
gave me the child’s picture and when
you see it you’ll simply say it is a Jewish
child, for it is quite fair.
Today the people across the way are
having all their Hindustani teachers and
friends in to have tea and I hear the drum
and the songs that mean the tea party is
in progress, but although I was invited I
think I’ve had enough dinners and teas
for a day or two. I go to another din-
ner tomorrow night and several next
week, so they are not all over. Surely if
I were to stay here longer I would be
just as badly bored over dinners as tea
parties now bore me, and I know I would
not accept a single invitation.
A nice brown minor bird is making a
great fuss over a tiny pool of water he
has just found, which the “Bishti” left
while watering the ferns, a few feet
away. From the noise the small crea-
ture is making you would imagine it was
a veritable gold mine. He evidently
wants a bath but there isn’t enough
water there for that and of course he
won’t let me within ten feet of him,
should I go and get him more water.
Poor birdie! It’s hard lines to live in a
dry country if one likes baths.
I notice in the paper how food and
stuffs are going up; somehow I wonder
where it is all going to stop and how the
poor people in America are going to get
food enough to eat; surely it don’t cost
seventy-five cents a dozen to produce
eggs, isn’t there a big profit going into
some one’s pocket? If you could get
your food stuffs here you would indeed
come more nearly being equal for the
wage paid here makes our prices seem
high, but your higher earning power
would just suit out here and leave a lit-
tle margin in your pocket. Strange we
can’t run these things to suit our ideas.
The tea-party is over and the people
are coming home, which means the sun | empire from the frontiers of Hungary to
is going down and I must be off to see
how the hospital folk are doing. I won't
have many more days to go down there,
fortunately, for I still have a woolen
gown I want to finish so I'll be quite |
busy up until my last day here; but I|
don’t want these people to say I neglect-
ed a single thing. Now I am going to
wish you the nicest kind of a New Year,
and may the best wish you want come
true.
(Continued next week.)
The Fuel Value of Wood.
The fuel value of two pounds of wood"
is roughly equivalent to that of one
pound of coal. This is given as the re-
sult of certain calculation now being
made in the Forest Service Laboratory,
which shows also about how many cords
of certain kinds of wood are required to
obtain an amount of heat equal to that
in a ton of coal.
Certain kinds of wood, such as hick-
ory, oak, beech, birch, hard maple, ash,
elm, locust, longleaf pine, and cherry,
have fairly high heat values, and only
one cord of seasoned wood of these spe-
cies is required to equal one ton of coal.
It takes a cord and a half of shortleaf
pine, hemlock, red gum, Douglas fir, syc-
amore, and soft maple to equal a ton of
coal, and two cords of cedar, redwood,
poplar, catalpa, Norway pine, cypress,
basswood, spruce, and white pine.
Equal weights of dry, non-resinous
woods, however, are said to have practic-
ally the same heat value regardless of
species, and as a consequence it can be
stated as a general proposition that the
heavier the wood the more heat to the
cord. Weight for weight, however, there
is very little difference between various
species; the average heat for all that
have been calculated is 4,600 calories, or
heat units, per kilogram. A kilogram of
resin will develop 9,400 heat units, or
about twice the average for wood. Asa
consequence, resinous woods
greater heat value per pound than non-
resinous woods, and this increased value
varies, of course, with the resin content.
The available heat value of a cord of
wood depends on many different factors.
It has a relation not only to the amount
of resin it contains but to the amount of
moisture present. Furthermore, cords
vary as to the amount of solid wood they
contain, exen when they are of the stan- |
dard dimension and occupy 128 cubic
feet of space.
this space is made up of air spaces be-
tween the sticks, and these air spaces
may be considerable in a cord made of
twisted, crooked, and knotty sticks. Out
of the 128 cubic feet, a fair average of
solid wood is about 80 cubic feet.
It is pointed out, however, that heat
value is not the only test of usefulness
in fuel wood and since 85 per cent. of all
wood used for fuel is consumed for do-
mestic purposes, largely in farm houses,
such factors as rapidity of burning and
ease of lighting are important. Each sec-
tion of the country has its favored woods
and these are said to be, in general, the
right ones to use. Hickory, of the non-
resinous woods has the highest fuel val-
ue per unit volume of wood, and has oth-
er advantages. It burns evenly, and, as
housewives say, holds the heat. The
oak comes next, followed by beech,
birch, and maple. Pine has a relatively
low heat value per unit volume, but has
other advantages. It ignites readily and
gives out a quick, hot flame, but one that
soon dies down. This makes it a favor-
ite with rural housekeepers as a summer
wood, because it is particularly adapted
for hot days in the kitchen.
The fuel qualities of chestnut adapt it
particularly to work in brass foundries,
; where it gives just the required amount
of heat and it is therefor in favor. Coast-
wise vessels in Florida pay twice as much
for Florida buttonwood as for any other,
because it burns with an even heat and
with a minimum amount of smoke and
ash.
The Love of a Dog.
For several years a small businesslike
dog sold newspapers to hundreds of people
in Boston every day. The little dog, so
loving, patient and faithful to his crip-
pled master, was always to be seen near
Park Street subway entrance, trot-
ting around with a paper in his
mouth, until a sale was made to a regu-
lar customer or a stranger. The money
must first be deposited in a small leather
pocket attached to a collar with bells
which the dog wore, before the paper
was to be had; then the dog would re-
jan to his master for another paper to
sell.
Silently, yet persistently this dog of
business approached the men, women
and children with the latest news of the
day. Patrons dropped their pennies in
the pocket about the dog’s neck and hur-
ried away, more thoughtful and consider-
ate of others because of this friendly
morning greeting. Often the shopping
people and children would linger tor a
friendly talk. It was not an unusual
sight to see from fifty to 2 hundred per-
sons waiting their turn to buy and say a
few kind words to the intelligent little
worker.
Each week the dog earned about $25
for his master, who in return shared his
fire, his food, his bed, his heart with his
companion. Such love and service were
as the love of David and Jonathan.— The
Child's Hour.
A Market for Rat-skins.
Qe
Europe has discovered a scheme for
holding in check the prolific rat. Various
industries have createda demand in Lon-
don alone for rat-skins that amounts to
very nearly two hundred thousand dol-
lars a year, and there is every indication
that the consumption of this material
will increase. Book-binding, photograph
frames, purses, and thumbs for ladies’
gloves are among the uses to which the
skins are put. ;
After the passing of the rat Act in
Denmark last year, the great body ‘of
unemployed laborers tock immediate ad-
vantage of the bill, and the individual
rat-catcher’s earnings averaged between
seventy-five and ninety cents per day.
It is estimated that the damage by rats
in England amounts annually to many
million dollars, so that any inducement
to promote their capture should be en-
couraged as far as possible.
—=Subscribe for the WATCHMAN.
A certain proportion of |
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The Great Sheep Flocks of Russia.
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1
In no part of the old world are there
more immense flocks of sheep than in
southern Russia, writes N. Tourneur in
The Shepherd's Journal. There, where
the plains or steppes stretch across the
those of Mongolia—where the country is
one monotonous level, with few trees
and fewer hills—vast flocks of sheep
roam, some proprietors possessing no
less than from 500,000 to 600,000 of them.
The number of sheep reared on the
steppes increases year after year. But
they are exposed to the most severe pri-
vations, for the scorching heats of sum-
mer and the freezing blasts of winter are
alike tremendous, while the hurricanes |
that burst over the plains are as bad as,
either. During the tempests the animals
make not the least effort to weather the
violence of the storm, but run panic-
stricken before the?wind, and are forced
by thousands into the streams and
ravines by which the steppes are inter-
sected. Were it not for the use of goats,
neither the shepherds nor their dogs
would be of much service at these times;
for the sheep can but seldom be brought
to face the terrible winds of the great
plains, or to march during a storm into
the shelter of a ravine.
But with every hundred sheep three
or four goats are kept, and as these are
easily brought to face any wind that will
at all bear facing, they are used to lead
the way boldly down the most rugged
descents; and the sheep follow without
much bother.
The herdsman of a large flock or ottara
is called a tschabawn. The tschabawn
usually has one or two wagons drawn by
oxen, in which are carried his provisions
and cooking utensils, together with the
skins of the sheep that have died and
those of the woives he has been fortunate
enough to kill. The order of his pro-
gress is uniformly simple. The wagon
or wagons lead the van, the tschabawn
follows, and the sheep follow him. When
he comes to good pasture, he does not
leave till the grass has been eaten down:
and even on the march his encampment
for the night is often no more than two
or three miles from where he started in
the dewy morning.
Five hundred to 60C ewes—and more—
are in the ottara, and the tschabawn
i draws the milk from them, and places it
have a!
in huge, shallow wooden bowls to be ex-
posed to the sun, and made into a kind
of cheese known as “brinse,” which is
very popular in Russia and eastern Ger-
many. Owing to the cheese being pack-
ed in goatskins it has a rather peculiar
flavor, which, however, one gets to like
after a time.
During the severe winter months the
sheep are placed in shelter, but all spring,
summer and autumn they are pasturing
on the plains. So long as the weather is
fine, and predatory enemies are absent,
the life of a tschabawn and his three or
four assistants is tolerably pleasant.
Though they have to be continually
vigilant against thieves and wolves.
When the evening meal is done the
shepherds and their dogs sit for an hour
or two before their blazing fire of dry
reeds and grass, discussing such things
as their lonely, monotonous life may
bring up. Then the arrangements of the
night are made. The sheep are driven
up as close together as possible, and the
men and their dogs take their post round
the ottara. Each man throws his furs,
that serve for mattress and coverlet, on
the spot the tschabawn has assigned to
him, and between every two beds of the
dogs and men the same intervals occur.
There are as as many thick sheepskins
provided as there are dogs; and as each
dog knows his own sheepskin, all that is
necessary is to lay it where the dog is to
take up his post for the night. Thus,
what with the men and the dogs, a circle
of defense guards the ottara.
More formidable than theives are the
wolves, which are very numerous on the
steppes. For fifty days and nights has a
pack of them been known to hover
around; and it requires all the watchful-
ness of the men and their great dogs to
ward off the voracious attackers. On the
other hand, as a wolfskin is of much
worth, the tschabawn and his men are
usually eager to meet with such an
enemy.
It is the tremendous snowstorms of
March the shepherds dread.
The writer knows of an occasion on
| the Otshakov Steppe, when, out of an
ottara of 2000 sheep and 150 goats that
were caught in the pelting, screaming
snow-drift 1200 sheep were lost, and all
the goats. The sheep are mostly of the
Wallachian or fat-tailed breed, and the
merino; though, of late, other strains
have been successfully reared.
In the fat-tailed sheep, the fat in or
about its tail is considered most valuable,
and brings a high price among Russians.
New Experiment Station Won by State
College.
STATE COLLEGE, PA., March 11.—Offi-
cials of The Pennsylvania State College
were notified recently by the secretary of
the United States Department of Agricul-
ture that an experimental plant to deter-
mine the cause and effects of explosions
of dust in grist mills wili be located here.
It will be operated in co-operation with
the engineering experiment station and
the department of mechanical engineer-
ing. It will be the first large experiment
of this kind ever attempted. Construc-
tion of the plant was begun immediately,
and when completed it will be fully
equipped with milling machinery.
Prof. J. A. Moyer, of State College, will
have charge of the experiment. B. W.
Dedrick, instructor in flour milling, will
operate the plant, and M. P. Helman, an
instructor in mechanical engineering, will
serve as the technical expert.
Aroused by the numerous grain dust
oxplosions both in this country and
abroad, the government was requested to
conduct the investigation by the Millers’
Committee, of Buffalo, N. Y., where an
explosion of grain dust in 1913 killed 33
persons, injured 70 others, and caused a
property loss of $70,000,000.
Penn State was selected for the experi-
ment in preference to the University of
Kansas, University of Minnesota, and the
Michigan Agricultural College, all of
whom sought the experimental plant.
The tunic has gone—sad news for the
incorrigible renovator—so has the short
sleeve, and the long, close-fitting sleeves
which are favored are set in flatly with
a seam well upon the shoulder. The
Magyar effect is to rest fora while.
Dr. Pierce’s Pleasant Pellets are the
best medicine for delicate persons. Their
action is as gentle as effectual. They
break up constipation without breaking
down the person using them. Try them.
—Put your ad. in the WATCHMAN.
His Atheism Gives Way to Faith.
The Novelistand Poet Lavredeau, who has Pro-
fessed for all Religion Nothing but Sarcastic i
Mockery and Scornful Hate, Retracts his Earlier
Utterances in a Document which has been Pub-
lished with Respect in the most Radical Papers
of France.
“I laughed at faith and held myself a
wise man. But there was no gayety in
: my laughter when I saw France bleeding
and weeping. I stood by the road and
looked at the soldiers. There they march-
ed cheerfully onward to death. I asked:
‘What makes you so calm?’ And they
began to pray: ‘I believe in God.’ . .
How frightful and burning are the
wounds of a people in which not a drop
of that Mystery flows, as a healing
balsam. How hard it is, on this
national cemetery, to be still an atheist!
I cannot, I cannot. I have deceived my-
self, and you, too, who have read my
books and sung my songs.”
“France, oh France, turn again to the
faith of your most glorious days. To
forsake God is to be lost indeed. I know
not whether I shall survive tomorrow.
But I must say to my friends: Lavredeau
dares not die as an atheist. It is not hell
that dismays me, but the thought op-
presses me: ‘Thereisa God, and you
stand so far from him.” Rejoice, oh
my soul, that I am permitted to know
this hour when I can kneel and say: ‘I
believe in God; ves, I believe” This
word is the morning-song of humanity.
Whoso knows it not, for him it is night.”
Forestry Reports Shows Busy Year.
Selling 1,500,000,000 board feet of tim-
ber and supervising the cutting on sev-
eral thousand different areas, overseeing
the grazing of more than 1,500,000 cattle
and 7,500,000 sheep and building more
than 600 miles of road, 2,000 miles of
trail, 3,000 miles of telephone line and
700 miles of fire line are some of the
things which the Government forest serv-
ice did last year, as disclosed in the re-
port by the chief forester for 1914. These
activities were all on the national for-
ests, which at present total about 185,-
000,000 acres.
There is need, says the chief forester,
to increase the cut of timber from the
national forests wherever a fair price can
be obtained for the stumpage because a
great deal of it is mature and ought to
be taken out to make room for young
growth. Unfavorable conditions in the
lumber trade caused new sales of nation-
al forest timber to fall off somewhat dur-
ing the last year, though the operation
on outstanding sales contracts brought
the total cut above that of the previous
year by 130,000,000 board feet.
There was, however, a big increase in
small timber sales, these numbering 8,-
298 in 1914 against 6,182 the previous
year. Desirable blocks of national for-
est timber have been appraised and put
on the market and it is expected that
these will find purchasers when condi-
tions in the lumber industry improve.
All told, the Government received $1,-
304,054.66 from the sale of timber on the
forests in 1914. The receipts from all
sources totaled $2,437,710.21.
Required for Health and Beauty.
It is surprising that it is necessary to repeat
again and again that the health and beauty of
the skin require that the blood shall be pure. If
the arteries of the skin receive impure blood,
pimples and blotches appear, and the individial
suffers from humors. Powders and other exter-
nal applications are sometimes used for these af-
fections, but will never have the desired effect
while the causes of impure blood remain.
The indications are very clear that Hood's Sar-
saparilla is the most successful medicine for puri-
fying the blood, removing pimples and blotches,
and giving health and beauty to the skin. It
gives tone to all the organs and builds up the
whole system. Insist on having Hood's Sarsa-
parilla when you ask for it. Don’t take anything
else.
—_—
Merit in Overcoming Obstacles.
To seek to do only the easy things
of life is a foolish and suicidal choice,
for anybody, even a nonentity, can do
these things. Let us care, rather, to
do things, the overcoming of which
will bring to us moral strength, a
tested fortitude, and a wider experi-
ence of the deeper meanings of hu-
man life—Christian Register.
Had It All Mapped Out.
“You'll have some explaining to do
when yqu get home, won’t you?” “No,”
replied the member of congress. “I'm
not going to explain. I'm going to
let my constituents argue matters out
among themselves and then take the
side that seems to have the most ad-
vocates.”—Washington Star.
Trying to Suit.
Old Gentleman— ‘Now, what are all
you children fighting and making such
a noise for?” Little Boy—‘Please, sir,
the landlord gave us a dime each to
fight and make a noise. He has got
one of his houses let and the people
complained that the neighborhood was
too quiet.”—Stray Stories.
Fully Equipped.
Bennie’s mother found the young-
ster fastening bits of cz idle to the
backs of the geese. “What in the
world are you doing, child?” she
asked. “They've got honkers in
front,” said Bennie, “so I'm fixing
them up with tail lights.”—Youngs-
town Telegram.
Cfficiency of Arc Lamps.
The use of arc lamps under high
atmospheric pressure has been report-
ed by Professor Lummer of Breslau,
to give great increase in efficiency.
Under 20 amperes, the temperature
of the arc was raised from about 4,500
to 7,600 per cent, and the brightness.
increased to 18 times the ordinary.
When Friendship Fails.
The more friends a man thinks he
has the greater will be his disappoint»
ment if he tries to prove it by putting
them to the financial test.
Might as Well See the Best.
“I say, Mabel, if we aren’t going to
buy anything let's look at something
expensive.”-—Life.
FOR AND ABOUT WOMEN
DAILY THOUGHT.
A man who lives right, and is right, has more
power in his silence than another by his words.
Character is like bells which ring out sweet
, music, and which, when touched accidentally
| even, resound with sweet music.— Philips Brooks.
| Ye full skirt will be in a double sense
the outstanding fact of our new clothes.
It is full as our fullest present-day tunics,
but it isn’t going to be the dowdy nui-
sance one might imagine, for it is
piquantly short and delightfully free to
wear, because as yet it has been given
no hampering petticoats.
Some may insist on having their own
frocks longer than these first models, but
short the skirts will still be.
That’s why the far-seeing woman must
make due provision for the prettiest foot-
gear she can lay her hands on.
There is a slight flatness back and
front of the skirts, but some of them
spring out at the sides in a paper-dollish
sort of way that is rather fascinating. In
the coats this fullness at the sides is even
more notable. Short full basques appear
on most of them, and pieces of material
are let in at the sides to give this stand-
out effect.
“Where are our waists going to be?” is
every woman’s most eager query before
new fashions are launched. This year
they are to be in the natural place—
which gives some cause for alarm in view
of the fact that our physiology makes
tight-lacing possible at this point. But
as yet the waists are loose and wide—
so wide that thin women will per-
haps take to padding their waists to
make them wider.
The threatened high collar comes in
its most attractive form, being cut away
comfortably and becomingly at the front.
Often there is a square-cut opening, not
low at all, and even then modestly filled
in with lawn.
Flimsies and fripperies have gone their
way. All the new materials are rich, soft
and snbstantial. Veilings and drapings
are no more. Fngering the new mater-
ials (especially irresistible are the silk
gaberdines) one realizes that at last
there may be a few neo-Georgian gar-
ments to hand down to the museums of
have been too flimsy and scant to be
worth keeping once their own day was
past.
The woman who looks out for immacu-
late neatness in her costume will always
be consoled with the knowledge that she
looks her best. There is a certain at-
which cannot be imitated in any way,
unless the daintiness is really there. The
woman who is particular about her home
isnot always the best dressed, and it
often happens that a woman whose home
is very untidy looks stunning in her
street clothes. The points in dress that
most women overlook are veiling, foot-
wear, gloves, hats and handkerchiefs.
Take care of these and your costume
will take care of itself. Don’t be too
quick to buy what seems like a bargain
in gloves, there must be some reason for
it, and as a rule, you find it out to your
large.
Be sure that your glove is properly
proportioned, and when you decide on a
well fitting style, buy no other. Dust a
little powder into your gloves before you
wear them and smooth all the seams
straight, have the lines on the backs
properly over the center of the hands,
and the fingers in the tips of the glove.
Keep your hats in their respective
boxes until you want to use them and re-
turn them there when you take them off.
Always brush them, especially if they
are made of black velvet, or a dark ma-
terial which will show the dust. Never
carry a soiled, or even crumpled hand-
kerchief. The only remedy for this is to
keep a plentiful supply on hand, and to
see that you are always in possession of
a clean one.
These are only “little things,” and it’s
the little thing which makes or mars a
gown.
Several distinctly new lines are shown
in some of the newest models. The fea-
ture of one gown was an uneven hem
line. The skirt was about four and one-
half yards about the lower edge and was
circular and fulled slightly into a hip
yoke. The lower edge was curved
up shorter on each side, so that it show-
ed the ankles at side view. In front it
dipped into a curve.
There are closed boleros consisting of
uttle sleeveless overwaists of velvet or
satin worn over diaphanous dresses of
voile or chiffon and having many ruffles
on the skirt. An afternoon gown was
made of moss-green chiffon with green
velvet. A very odd thing was that one
of the stripes, instead of being a band,
was a vine of leaves. This gave great
originality to the plaid.
Prominent among the many economies
practiced at the moment are clever little
waistcoat effects. Many a last year’s
coat and bodice are being brought up to
date by a series of easily adjusted waist-
coats, which unusually conclude in some
sort of a distinctive collar. Given the
simplest, plainest coat or corsagé—in
fact, the plainer the better—a chic note
is at once introduced through one or the
other of these attractive little adjuncts.
A cross-over waistcoat of striped Roman
silk was introduced in a last year’s navy
ratine coat,the rollover collar at the back
fringed with monkey fur, additions that
served lo invest a somewhat de mode
suit with a quite particular cachet.
Cut the tops from the peppers so they
make caps that can be fastened on again.
Remove every seed and place the peppers
in fresh, cold water for an hour or two.
This draws out the hotness, and the long-
er you keep the peppers in the fresh
water the milder they will be. Fill with
a force-meat made from meat and rice.
Ham and rice is especially good, and
chicken and rice, well seasoned, is also
relished. Mushrooms may be added to
the filling. Put the caps on the stuffed
peppers and set them in a pan in the
oven. Pour a little hot water around
them so they will not burn on the bot-
tom, and brush well with butter. As
they bake baste with the water and but-
! ter in the pan.
! ——For high class Job Work come to
‘ the WATCHMAN Office.
posterity. For many seasons our gowns |
traction about a neat. dainty costume |
sorrow. Many bargain gloves have one |
finger too short, or too tight, or too !
EE —————————————————————
i FARM
{
| —*“Nearly 5,000 tons ot oleomargarine
i were made in Chicago oleo factories dur-
ing November, 1914. This is a ten-per-
: cent increase over a year ago,”
—If the oat fields are infested with
wild mustard next summer spray with
iron sulphate when the plants have
reached a growth of three or four inches,
—Many say that the bull is one-half
the herd, while others favor the cow. All
in all it may be the man that feeds and
milks who is the main spring of success
in dairying.
—*“The grass would
streets if it were not for the tramp of
the cowhide boots in the barnyard” is
just as true now as when Uncle Solon
Chase said it years ago.
_—Raise the colts and heifers so that
kicking and other faults will not crop
out. Dangerous live stock on the farm
have driven many a son from home and
encouraged abuse and profanity in the
hired man.
—A veterinarian gives this advice on
the shoeing of young horses: Don’t al-
low young horses to wear a set of shoes
more than a month. Have them re-
i moved, the hoofs leveled and the shoes
| reset if they are worth it.
| —All kinds of quadrupeds, including
| poultry, kept on the farm may be grazed
ron rye. Its highest use probably is found
| in grazing ewes in the early spring that
are nursing their lambs, or in grazing
weaned lambs in the autumn in the ab.
sence of better grazing. Under some
conditions it is a great aid in furnishing
pasture to swine.
—*“Little wonder that first-class maple
sugar and syrup are scarce. Only one
tree is tapped for every five people in
our population. Counting both sugar
and syrup, New York is the leading State
for the values of its maple products,
Ohio is second and Vermont third. But
Vermont is far in the lead for maple
sugar alone. The maple products of the
country are worth over five million dol-
lars a year.”
| —A department called the Headwork
i Shop, in which readers give each other
the benefit of suggestions that have
| developed out of practical experience.
| One reader tells as follows about a new
! way to catch rats:
i “When the rats have become acquaint-
. ed with all the traps and dead-falls you
| can think up for them, nail a small salt
i fish on the wall about a foot above a tub
i half full of water. Put two quarts of dry
| oats on the water and your trap is ready.
! The rats will go for the fish first, and
i
‘ when they want to come down they will
| jump into the oats, and you have them.”
—*“Horns were useful to cattle when
they had to fight for their existence, but
domestic cattle do not need them. Like
a man carrying a weapon, the creature
with horns is likely to be uppish and
contentious. Hence, dehorning should
be the universal rule, unless the cattle
are intended for show purposes. The
| time to operate is when the calf is young,
j and the thing to use is caustic potash.
Moisten the end of a stick of the caustic
and rub it on the ‘button’ which has the
intention of becoming a horn. Clip off
the hair first. Care should be taken not
to put on so much of the caustic as to
cause it to flow off the button upon the
skin. If used properly—and the operation
| requires no great skill—no horn will de-
velop.”
— Lhe national farm paper published
at Springfield, Ohio, is presenting the
facts about the ravages of cholera, to-
gether with the most practical sugges-
tions as to how farmers can escape the
greatest losses. On the subject of vacci-
nation for the disease, the current article
sets forth, as follows, the reasons why it
is cheaper for farmers to vaccinate hogs
when they are small:
“To do the cheapest good job of vac-
| cination, do it as soon as possible after
| the pigs weigh fifty pounds. Give them
| the simultaneous treatment at that time
and, except in rare cases, the immunity
will be good for life. The bigger the
hogs are when marketed the less the
vaccination will cost you in proportion
to their selling price.
“For example, we will say you vac-
cinate a 50-pound pig at a cost of 35
cents. When that piggrows up to weigh
250 pounds you sell him for $17.50. The
cost of protecting that pig against cholera
is only 2 per cent of the selling price ac-
cording to plain arithmetic.
“Now suppose you vaccinate a 100-
pound hog. That will cost you at least
60 cents. If you sell that hog at the
weight of 170 pounds, and he brings $12,
your vaccination has cost 5 per cent of
the selling price, which is pretty high in-
surance. It is so high that the expense
would hardly be justified unless there
was cholera in the neighborhood and you
were in danger of losing your hogs.”
—A ontributor tells the story of a
South Dakota boy of nineteen who devel-
oped a tremendous enthusiasm for a new
automobile but did not have the nec-
essary cash. Finally he and his sister
and other members of the family deter-
mined that they could make enough
money out of hogs to buy a machine and
this they set out to do. The sister fur-
nished the capital, consisting of $150,
and with this a boar and ten registered
sows were purchased. The story goes
on as follows: .
“The next spring all of the sows be-
came mothers. One«farrowed, -and raised
ten perfect pigs; another only two, and
the other seven varied from three to
seven. At weaning time we had 54 young
igs.
P “The neighbors came to see them, and
seldom left without leaving an order for
from one to three. We decided on a uni-
form price: $10 at weaning time and $1
for each additional week we kept them;
also, our sales were to be for cash.
“At first the pigs went slowly enough
to be discouraging, but as threshing came
on and the farmers got money they went
fast, especially on rainy days when the
ranchers couldn’t thresh.
“By September 15th we had sold 39,
and while our boar was on exhibition at
a county fair we were offered $100 for
him, which we accepted.
“The total was at this time a little
short of the required amount, but one
Saturday morning two men came and
took away five. :
“It was a happy day in our family.
Father and I drove to town immediately
after dinner, and I ran out the long-
wished-for machine. We all took a holi-
day for a week and enjoyed it. ;
“We have nine original sows, eight
sows of the spring farrow and their Oc-
tober litters. We shall keep them, as
; we realize that the purchase of a car is
i only the first cost.”—Farm and Fireside.
NOTES.
grow in the city