Bemorrali: Wald
Bellefonte, Pa., August 5,1904.
About a Baseball’s Curves.
It isnow thirty-three years since the
question arose at Yale University as to
whether or not a baseball thrown from the
hand could be made to deviate horizontal-
ly from a straight line. The experiment
was then and there tried, proving that the
flight of a ball could be made to curve to
the right or to the left by skillful pitch-
ing. This was accomplished by the
simple expedient of placinga plank up-
right on the ground and. from a point at
right angles to the middle of one of its
broad sides, swirling a ball to a point back
of the center of the plank. Since then, is
is accepted as fact by all baseball players,
that the flight of a ball can also, under fine
bandling, be made to incurve abnormally
downward or upward with reference to its
landing place; that is, either in the di-
rection of, or contrary to, the attraction
of gravitation.
The period mentioned was in the infancy
of skilled baseball playing. Since then, a
generation of players of the game has
grown up, and the constant repetition of
the phenomenon mentioned has become so
engrafted with common experience, that
few persons conversant with the game ever
think that it needs explanation. The
character of the pitch, whatever it may be,
seems juss as natural to them as that of
the slight vertical curve of the ball when
compounded simply of the forces of its
projection and the attraction of gravita-
tion. To so feel about the abnormal curv-
ed courses of the ball is, however, only a
habit of mind, habitual experience of any
kind of action mostly assuming, without
appreciating, the reason for things. The
average baseball player accounts for the
phenomenon by saying that it is caused by
the pitcher’s giving the ball a twist as it
leaves his hand. But that statement does
not account for its being thereby compell-
ed tomove in an eccentric orbit.
If, in a calm, one lets fall a feather,
one sees that it descends slowly and with
deviation from the vertical. But, let him
cause a feather to fall from the top of the
inside of the exhausted glass receiver of an
air pump, and he will see that it falls
plumb, like a shot. A body projected in
space would proceed forever at the same
rate, and in a straight line, were not space
full of bodies that would attract it. This
is one of Sir Isaac Newton’s laws of mo-
tion. Resistance of some kind is, in a
word, indispensable to making a moving
body deviate from the particular speed
and course impressed upon it by its origi-
nal projectile force and by the attracfion
of gravitation.
It is, therefore, the resistance of the at-
mosphere, as well as the forces of projec-
tion and rotation of the baseball, which
makes the ball describe a curve to the
right, to the left, upward, or downward.
The righthanded pitcher delivers his ‘‘out-
shoot’’ with much greater effect of incurve
at the plate than he can accomplish with
his ‘‘inshoot.”” The left-handed pitcher,
in a reversed position, but correspondingly,
delivers his ‘‘ontshoot’’ more effectively
thau his ‘‘inshoot.”’ The reason is thas
although, in each case, the speed of the
ball for ‘‘ontshoot’’ is the same, the speed
of its rotation is very different. The cen-
trifogal rotary force impressed by the
pitcher upon the ball, opposed by the frac-
tion of the atmosphere, packed by the
ball’s rapid duplex movement, being
weaker in the ‘‘inshoot’’ than in the ‘‘out-
shoot,’’ permits of less curvature there in
the ball’s flight than is possible in the
‘‘outshoot.”” In all cases, the ball makes
its incurve at the plate, whether horizon-
tally, from right or left, or vertically, from
above or below, because friction of the
atmosphere, compressed by the ball’s com-
bined velocity and speed of rotation, re-
tards and finally exhausts its movement of
rotation at the end of its flight, The two
movements of the ball, and the resistance
of the atmosphere. forming together three
compounded forces, compel the flight of
the ball to assume the form of a curve, As
the ball leaves the hand of the pitcher, it
whirls onward until, the quickness of its
rotation heing diminished by friction on
its surface from atmesphere, and thereby
weakened, it curves either upward, in-
ward, or from right or left with reference
to the ‘‘plate’’ of the baseball field.
Anyone shonld be able to realize the
truth of this demonstration of the principle
through which the course of balls can be
curved, if one has ever realized the density
of the atmosphere, and the fact that is is
a compressible, elastic gas. 'I'hese proper-
ties of the atmosphere-make of it, under
the circumstances described a continuous
elastic cushion upon which the rotating
ball impinges, and by the intervention of
whose moderate resistance the course of
the ball is modified in direction. The
average pressare of the atmosphere, at the
sea, to the square inch of the earth’s sur-
face, is 14.7304 pounds, commonly called,
in round numbers, 15 pounds. The aver-
age barometric height is about 30 inches at
the level of the sea; but it is only 24.75
inches in height at Denver, Colorado, a
difference in height between the two situa-
tions corresponding to a difference in
weight of atmosphere of over two and a
half pounds out of nearly fifteen. Yet it
has been lately stated, that batting aver-
ages at Denver are the same as those on
the eastern coast of the United States.
However that may be (and it seems utterly
irreconcilable with what has heen shown
here), there must be, in so rare an atmos-
phere as that of Denver, compared with
that of the eastern coast of the United
States, less possible curvature to the flight
of balls than is common to pitching them
in the latter region.
The main fact here elaborated as to
cause may be concisely stated in language
not forhiddingly scientific. The ‘‘u
shoot,” ‘‘downshoot,’’ and right and left
‘‘ontshoot’’ and ‘‘inshoot’’ of the baseball,
thrown by pitcher to ‘‘plate’’ of baseball,
field, represent, through their various in-
curves at the ‘‘plate,’’ resultants corre-
sponding with the compounded forces of
the projection of the ball, its rotation in
varying positions of its axis of revolution,
and the resistance due to the density of
the atmosphere; the last factor being known
as vis inertice, the force of inertness, which
involves resistance to motion, and which
is therefore truly regarded as a species of
force. R. M. Bache in Scientific Ameri-
can.
——A printer, when his fellow-workmen
went out to drink beer during working
hours, put in the bank the exact amount
which he would have spent if he had gone
to drink. He thus kept his resolution for
five years. He then examined his bank ac-
count,and found he had on deposit $551.86.
In the five years he had not lost a day for
sickness. Three ont of five of his fellow-
workmen had become drunkards, were
Woitiiess and discharged.— Temperance
use.
Curious Condensations.
Shellfish were responsible for nine cases
of typhoid fever in London last year.
Fine voices, it is said, are seldom found
in a country where fish or meat diet pre-
vails. 4
Bolivia and Siam are the only civilized
or semi-sivilized powers without a national
debt.
The wages of the common laborer in Ire-
land are now nearly double those of 12
years ago.
A Paris dentist who committed suicide:
lefs instructions that his body was to be
stuffed.
Webster City, Ia., carries the municipal
ownership idea to the extent of owning the
town’s newspaper.
Dr. Gabriel Leven, a Paris physician,
says obesity is a nervous disorder caused
by a form of dyspepsia.
Within the last 30 years the trade of the
United States with South America has in-
creased only 5 per cent.
It is believed that French prune growers
use glycerine to give their dried fruit its
peculiar glistening appearance.
The delicate Russian Cossacks eat poultry
raw, and have even been known to enjoy
the dainty stub of a tallow candle.
The race of Todas, in India, who practice
polyandry (one wife having two or more
husbands), which was 100,000 strong a
century ago, has dwindled to 101 persons.
The Tien-Tsu-Husi, or society for natural
feet, is making many converts in China.
In some regions young men signa pledge
hat to marry girls with artificially crippled
eet.
American residents at London are con-
sidering the idea of placing a memorial
window to John Harvard in the church of
St. Savior’s at Southwark, in which town
he was born.
More than half of Russia’s profits from
exports come from the sale of grain. The
value of exported butter is over sixteen
million dollars per year ; of eggs over
twenty-six million dollais.
Cleveland insists that she is entitled to
snatch the tiara from Cincinnati, so long
looked upon as the ‘‘Queen City’’ of Ohio.
No serious dispute as to the supremacy
can be kept up for many years.
There are 252,436 miles of ocean cable in
operation today and only 38,797 miles are
owned by governments. The British cables,
which connect London with all parts of the
world, bave a total mileage of 154,099.
The Bavarian railway has just completed
an American palace railway carriage from
material imported for the purposes two
years ago from the Pullman factories in
Pallman, Ill. This is the first railway car
of the kind to be introduced into Germany.
The remains of John Strauss, the first of
the family to win great musical distinc-
tion, have heen exhumed from the old
cemetery at Dobling, which is to be closed.
The body was in almost perfect preserva-
tion, though his violin, which was buried
with him, bad decayed to dust.
Snakes may almost be said to have glass
eyes, inasmuch as their eyer never close.
They are without lids, and each is covered
with a transparent scale, much resembling
glass. When the reptile casts its outer
skin the eye scales come off with the rest
of the transparent envelope out of which
the snake slips.
Last year Oscar Zeller, of Zossen, started
on foot from Berlin for a trip around the
world. His plan was to go via Mukden,
Viadivostok, and Japan to America. The
war frustrated that plan, and he has now
started for Bering Straits, along the north-
ernmoss Siberian telegraph line. His sue-
cess is considered very doubtful.
At a recent medical exhibition in Lon-
don a new anesthetic, called somnoform,
was shown. Isis a liquid whose ‘‘boiling
point’’ is 23 degrees below zero. The mo-
ment it comes in contact with the air it
becomes a gas. Its great virtne, from a
medical point of view, is that breathing
stops hefore the heart when it is admin-
istered.
A considerable time will be needed in
order to dig out its full depth and width
the Ambrose Channel, which will be the
chief waterway in New York harbor for
the largest vessels when it is finished.
Then, and not until then, will the huge
Baltic be enabled to go to and from her
North river pier when she is loaded to her
full capacity.
Paterson, N. J., has brought to view at
various times no small number of eccentric
persons. The latest freak in that com-
munity makes his breakfast of a cucumber,
his luncheon of a carrot, a turnip or a raw
potato, and eats a few nuts for supper. This
devotee of a peculiar dietary declares that
he is not in the least ruffled by the rumors
of the indefinite closing of stock yards, of
packing houses and of meat markets.
Do not Give Children.
Tea.
Coffee.
Alcohol.
Pickles.
Greasy food.
Ice cold drinks.
Highly-seasoned food.
Rich fried dishes. i
Meals at irregular hours.
Bits to nibble between meals.
A substantial meal just before bed-time.
Tomatoes until they are four years old.
Unripe or over-ripe fruits under any
circumstances.
The skin of poultry, fruits or vege-
tables.
One frequently sees fine, hearty, too pre-
cocious children who are allowed all these
things. The poor things will later pay
dearly for the ignorance of their parents.
——Shingles G. Reynolds, of Sunbury,
ao engineer on the Philadelphia and Erie
railroad, was so badly injured Wednesday
about 12:30 o’clock that he died at 2:45
o’clock in the afternoon. He was leaning
from his cab window on his train coming
south when his head strnck some projec-
tion and the skull was crushed. He was
taken to the hotel at Montgomery where
be died. Reynolds was rendered uncon-
scious. His firemen took charge of the
engine. Reywvolds js aged 48 years and has
a wife but no children. His home is at
Sunbury.
———Teacher—‘‘What happens when a
person’s temperature goes down as far as it
can go?’
Tommy—‘Then I guess he has cold
feet.’’— Chicago Journal.
How to Make Things.
Peach Cobbler.—The genuine peach cob-
bler has the stones left in the peaches.
Peel the fruit and pus it in a dripping pan
with plenty of sugar and butter and a few
of the kernels, broken fine. A rich crust
is then put over the top and the pan is set
in a moderate oven, to cook so slowly that
the peaches are quite soft through when
the crust is crisp and brown. The pastry
is lifted off carefully, laid upside down in
a big platter, and the peaches, rich in their
syrup, are piled on it. There is no bot-
tom crust like a pie to get the least
soggy. The cohbler, prepared this way,
may be eaten hot or cold and with a glass
of sweet milk makes a dessert unequaled.
A peach shortcake should have the fruit
prepared an hour or two before, well
sugared and mashed.
Philadelphia Ice Cream.—Put half a
pound of sugar, a pint of cream and a
vanilla bean into a farina kettle ; boil,
stirring constantly, ten minutes ; strain
and set away to cool. When quite cold
add another pint of cream and freeze. If
you have no bean use two tablespoonfuls
of vanilla extract, but the bean, which
may be purchased at any drug store, is the
better.
Citron Ice.—Makea quart of strong, rich
lemonade and steep the thin, yellow rind
of two lemons in it an hour. Strain and
add a half-cup of very thinly sliced citron ;
let this stand several hours ; freeze until
about half done ; open and add the stiffly
beaten white of an egg. This recipe calls
for dried citron, but the preserved may be
substituted and preserved watermelon rind
is fine. In making the lemonade the thin,
yellow peel may be boiled wish the water
and sugar first ; when cool pour it over the
lemon juice and strain all together.
A Macedonic cream is a mixture and may
be made of all sorts—peaches, apricots,
berries, cherries, etc.. combined, and
sweetened to taste.
Frozen Peaches.—It is not pleasant to
have this dessert consist of chunks of hard
peaches, so the perfectly ripe, freestone va-
riety should be selected. Peel, stone,chop
find and add sugar to taste. A few cracked
kernels are needed to give the peculiar
noyau flavor. When ready to freeze add
sweetened cream to make the desired quan-
tity and freeze.
SOME GOOD SALAD RECIPES.
Potato Salad.—Familiar as this dish is,
it seldom appears at its best. To get the
most satisfactory results, allow to each
large potato one dessertspoonful ¢” dressing
and to each three potatoes allow one good-
sized onion and three or four sprigs of
parsley. Pare and boil the potatoes ; when
cooked and while warm cut into small
cubes ; mix with the onion and minced
parsley. Heap onto a cold dish and stand
for 12 hours in a cold place. When serving
arrange at base a circle of sliced eggs, from
which clip a small wedge, which makes
them more attractive. Garnish with celery
foliage.
French Vegetable Salad.—Boil two-
pound can tomatoes, six sprigs of parsley,
one slice of onion, six peppercorns, eight
cloves, blade of mace, for twenty minutes ;
strain and add, while hot, one tablespoon-
ful of vinegar, one teaspoonful of celery
salt, one tablespoonful of gelatin softened
in cold water ; stir until gelatin is dissolv-
ed ; set in a pan of ice water and stir slow-
ly until it begins to thicken, then add one
grated cucumber, three large boiled arti-
chokes cut into small cubes ; turn into a
border mold set on ice to chill and become
firm. When serving unmold ; arrange
sliced tomatoes on outside and four table-
spoonfuls mayonnaise, mixed with six
tablespoonfuls of whipped cream, in center.
Holland Salad.-——Mince cold veal to
measure one pint; season with celery,
parsley and enough mayonnaise to moisten;
make one tablespoonful of this mixture
into rolls ; wrap each into a boiled cab-
bage leaf, secure with tiny skewers,arrange
on plat: and dress with preserved goose-
berries.
Salmon Salad.—Flake one can of salmon
and mixed with minced parsley, celery and
grated cucumber ; form dessert-spoonfuls
cream dressing ahont.
one-half cupful of hoiled dressing and add
one dessert-spoonful of dissolved gelatin ;
stir this into the dressing and set on ice
until firm ;
light.
Eskimo Candy.
Did you ever taste a bit of tallow ?
you have, I am sure you do not consider
it a great delicacy, yet reindeer tallow is
the Eskimo children’s candy, and, baving
never tasted fudge or taffy, I suppose they
are quite satisfied. The ‘‘candy’’ is put
up in bright red packages made out of the
feet of a waterfowl. The women cut off
the red feet of this bird, which is called
the dovekie, draw out the bones, blow up
the vein, so as to make poucher which they
fill with the raindeer tallow for their little
folks. :
None of the food that the Eskimos eat
seems very inviting to us, but they are ex-
tremely fond of it and are very apt to over-
eat. Itis said by explorers who have
gone into Greenland, it is no uncommon
sight to see an Eskimo man who bas eaten
an enormous meal of raw, frozen flesh
eating blubber until he can scarcely move.
—The Moravian.
Young Wife Sues for $40.000.
That aged Williams Roseberg, vice presi-
dent of the Bank of Pittsburg, and several
times a millionaire, promised her $100,000
to marry him 10 years ago, and that he
has failed to ‘‘make good,’’ is the allegation
of Mrs. Mattie Owens Rosenberg who
Friday filed a suit for $40,000 and interest.
He is almost 70, and she about 32,
They separated some weeks ago. A copy
of the paper alleged to bave been signed
by both three days before the wedding
has been filed with the suit.
——Two young Flemington boys in or-
der to have some fun, Monday placed a
quantity.of paper and dry grass into a
cigar box and applying a match to the in-
flammable stuff, shoved it under the floor
of the barn and ran away. Fortunately
one of the family living on the premises
happened to be in the barn at the time,
and overheard the boy’s conversation.
When he got ont, the floor of the stable
was already burning, and he quickly pus
out the flames. In the stable at the time
was a cow, some chickens, a quantity of
bay, next winter’s coal supply and some
wood. Although tbe boys are known, no
arrests will be made.
——Johnny—‘‘Grandpa, bave you any
teeth ?’ :
Grandpa—*‘‘No, my child ; they have all
gone.”
Johnny—*‘Then I think I'll let you hold
my candy while I run an errand.—Cin-
j cinnati Commercial Tribune.
into balls ; arrange onto a dish and place |
For this salad take |
then whip with a fork until |
It
Sentence Sermons.
Deeds answer doubts.
Old gold is better than new brass.
The greatest gain of life is the loss of
self.
There is no serfdom in Christian service.
Criticism is not oue of the fruits of the
spirit.
The fire of a family altar keeps the
church warm.
The falling blossom is the promise of
the ripening fruit. :
A little Bible in the heart is worth a
lot under the hat.
The best way tosing about golden street
is to buy a broom.
‘When a man is short on charity she is
apt to be long on creed.
There bas to bea lot of go in the re-
ligion that will catch men.
There is nothing Satan loves better than
a sanctimonious sinner.
Every time you choke down a harsh
word you lift a whole world.
When youn walk toward ibe sun all your
shadows are behind you.
It is always easier to weep over a prodigal
than it is to welcome him.
I is always the biggest craven who gives
the dead dog the heartiest kick.
The man who is willing to go to heaven
alone is going to a lonely heaven.
When a man gives to be seen of men he
generally has a good deal to hide from the
Lord.
When you give a brother a cup of cold
water you don’t have to pour it down the
back of his neck.
The Irish Soldier's Dream.
A group of veterans were telling stories
at the Allyn House last evening, and one
of the number related one about when his
regiment was down in Northern Virginia.
He said:
‘‘We were sitting around the campfire
one night, and for lack of anything else to
talk about we began to tell what we’d do
if we had a lot of money. One soldier said
if he had a pile of money he’d spend it all
for tobacco, anothersaid he’d get out of
the army and go to Europe, one said he’d
buy a yacht, and everybody had some
special object in view on which to lavish
untold wealth. An Irishman in the party
sat smoking his pipe and didn’t seem to
have much to say about it. One of the
boys asked him what he would do if he
bad a lot of wealth.
“Well, Oi’ll tell yez phat I'd do moighty
quick. Oi’d hire a substitute and Oi’d
go to New York, and Oi’d put up at the
biggest hotel in the city. 0Oi’d order about
three pounds of phorterhouse steak and
0i’d have it smothered wid about a pound
of batther, and O:’d bave the ifoinest feed
of me loife. And thin, begorra, Oi’d buy
a New York newspaper and go out in the
hotel office and sit down and put me feet
up on the winder and look over me paper
and say, ‘‘Oi’d wonder why in hell the
army don’t move.’’—Hartfort Courant.
Successful Without Hands.
One nf the most remarkable personages
in all Pennsylvania is Abraham B. Myers.
That snccess may be achieved under the
most adverse circumstances is demonstrat-
ed iu this man’s life, for without bands
he has made his way in the world, achiev-
ing professional success and becoming
one of the most useful men in York
county. School teacher, secretary of
secret societies, politician and sportsman,
he is widely known and everywhere popu-
lar.
Having only stumps of arms. Myers is
wore dextrouos in their use than many per-
sons possessed of both hands. Here are
some of his accomplishments. He writes a
a very legible baud, holding the pen be-
tween the stumps of his arms, without
artificial assistance. He is a marksman of
no mean ability, and pulls the trigger by
means of a twine, the end of which he
grips in his teeth. He plays pool and bil-
liards and even rides horseback.
He attributes this proficiency to as-
siduous labor, inspired by reading the lives
i of many self-made men. When 11 yeais
of age, while working in the lime stone
quarry on his father’s farm Myers had
both arms so badly lacerated by a premature
| blast that, to save his life, both were
{ amputated at the elbow.
They Were Long-Lived.
“‘There are many vicissitudes in the in-
surance man’s work,’’ said the agent of a
local company to a party of friends. ‘‘For
instance, a solicitor for our company told
me the other day about an experience he
had with a cotton planter.
‘‘This planter, having decided to insure
his life, was filling in the usual printed list
of questions.
‘When he came to the stereotyped
queries, ‘Age of father, if living,’ and
‘Age of mother, if living,” he thought a
little while, and then put down his fath-
irs age at 117 years and his mother’s at
9. ~
‘‘By Jove,’ said the agent, ‘youn come of
a long-lived family, don’t you ?”’
*‘Why, no ; not particular,’ the planter
replied.
‘‘But your father and mother’—
‘Ob, they’re dead,’ the planter inter-
rupted. ‘‘They died young. But the
paper asks for their age ‘‘if living,” so
that is what I put down.”’
Stood on Rattler for 10 Minutes.
Julia Divers, the young daughter of W.
A. Divers, of Rocky Mount, Va., Friday
kept a huge rattlesnake captive under her
feet for ten minutes and came out un-
scathed. With her father and little brother
she was on a picnic at Grassy Hill, the foot
of a big mountain near the town and she
stepped on the venomous reptile.
The snake was in coil, but unable to
strike because of her weight. She recog-
nized her danger and planted the other
foot firmly on the wriggling serpent and
called to her little brother, who went near-
ly a quarter of a mile for his father. The
rattler wae then killed and the girl escaped
uninjured. The snake measured four feet
and carried nine rattlers.
Enterprise.
A well-known novelist told the follow-
ing story the other evening at an author’s
dinner:
An Irishman who bad been out of a job
many weeks found in the river that flowed
through his town the body of the keeper of
the railroad drawbridge. He immediately
betook himself tothe superintendent of
the division and applied for the vacated
job, saying that he bad seen the body of
the former keeper in the river.
‘‘Sorry,’’ said the superintendent, briefly,
‘‘the place has been filled. We gave it to
the man who saw him fall in."’— Harper's
Weekly.
Roosevelt's Acceptance,
Opens Republican Campaign in Speech to Notifi-
cation Committee. Stands Pat on His Record.
Oyster Bay, L. I, July 28.—Theodore
Roosevelt formally opened the politi-
cal campaign of 1904 at his beautiful
country home, Sagamore Hill. Stand-
ing on a spot made dear to him by the
associations of a lifetime, surrounded
by his family and relatives and friends
and in the presence of an assemblage
of men distinguished in all walks of
life, he formally received and accepted
the nomination of the Republican par-
ty for president of the United States.
As the president concluded his
speech, Speaker Joseph G. Cannon,
chairman of the notification commit-
tee, grasped his hand and congratu-
lated him cordially.
In response to the speech of notifi-
cation President Roosevelt said:
I am deeply sensible to the high honor
conferred upon me by the representatives
of the Republican party assembled in
convention, and I accept the nomination
for the presidency with solemn realiza-
tion of the obligations I assume. I heart-
ily approve the declaration of principles
which the Republican national conven-
tion has adopted, and at some future day
I shall communicate to you, Mr. Chair-
man, more at length and in detail a for-
na written acceptance of the nomina-
tion.
Three years ago I became president be-
cause of the death of my lamented prede-
cessor. I then stated that it was my
purpose to carry out his principles and
policies for the honor and the interest of
the country. To the best of my ability
I have kept the promise then made. If
next November my countrymen confirm
at the polls the action of the convention
You represent, I shall, under Providence,
continue to work with an eye single to
the welfare of all our people.
A party is of worth only in so tar as it
promotes the national interest, and every
official, high or low, can serve his party
best by rendering to the people the best
service of which he is capable. Effective
government comes only as the result of
the loyal co-operation of many different
persons. The members of a legislative
majority, the officers in the various de-
partments of the administration, and the
legislative and executive branches as to-
wards each other, must work together
with subordination of self to the common
end of successful government. We who
have been entrusted with power as public
servants during the past seven years of
administration and legislation now come
before the people content to be judged by
our record of achievement. In the years
that have gone by we have made the deed
square with the word; and if we are con-
tinued in power we shall unswervingly
follow out the great lines of public policy
which the Republican party has already
laid down; a public policy to which we
are giving, and shall give, a united, and
therefore an efficient, support.
In all of this we are more fortunate
than our opponents, who now appeal for
confidence on the ground, which some
express and some seek to have confiden-
tially understood, that if triumphant they
may be trusted to prove false to every
principle which in the last eight years
they have laid down as vital, and to
leave undisturbed these very acts of the
administration because of which they ask
that the administration itself be driven
from power. Seemingly their present at-
titude as to their past record is that
some of them were mistaken and others
insincere. We make our appeal in a
wholly different spirit. We are not con-
strained to keep silent on any vital ques-
tion; we are divided on no vital question;
our policy is continuous, and’'is the same
for all sections and localities. There is
nothing experimental about the govern-
ment we ask the people to continue in
power, for our performance in the past,
our proved governmental efficiency. is a
guarantee as to our promises for the fu-
ture. Our opponents, either openly or se-
cretly, according to their several tem-
peraments, now ask the people to trust
their present promises in consideration
of the fact that they intend to treat their
past promises as null and void. We know
our own minds and we ve kept of the
same mind for a sufficient length of time
1c 8 tO our policy co
ity. In such a fund:
i; nt of the 1
ve 10 ex-
plain why the I:
but to int out th
been ed and
been enacted to ir 3
of their enforcemen » not have to
propose to ‘“‘turn the rascals out,” for
we have shown in very deed that when-
ever by diligent investigation a public
official can be found who has betrayed
his trust he will be punished to the full
extent of the law without regard to
whether he was appointed under a Re-
publican or a Democratic administration.
This is the efficient way to turn the ras-
cals out and to keep them out, and it has
the merit of sincerity. Moreover, the be-
trayals of trust in the last seven years
have been insignificant in number when
compared .with the extent of the public
service. Never has the administration of
the government been on a cleaner and
higher level; never has the public work
of the nation been done more honestly
and efficiently.
Assuredly it is unwise to change the
policies which have worked so well and
which are now working so well. Pros-
perity has come at home. The national
honor and interest have been upheld
abroad. We have placed the finances of
the nation upon a sound gold basis. We
have done this with the aid of many who
were formerly our opopnents, but who
would neither openly support not silently
acquiesce in the heresy of unsound
finance; and we have done it against the
convinced and violent opposition of the
mass of our present opponents who still
refuse to recant the unsound opinions
which for the moment they think it in-
expedient to assert. We know what we
mean when we speak of an honest and
stable currency. We mean the same thing
from year to year. We do not have to
avoid a definite and conclusive committal
on the most important issue which has
recently been before the pcople, and
which may at any time in the near fu-
ture be before them again. Upon the
principlés which underlie this issue the
convictions of half of our number do not
clash with those of the other half. So
long as the Republican party is in power
the gold standard is settled, not as a mat-
ter of temporary political expediency, not
because of shifting conditions in the pro-
duction of gold in certain mining cer-
ters, but in accordance with what we re-
gard as the fundamemal principles of
national morality and wisdom.
Under the financial legislation which we
have enacted there is now ample circula-
tion for every business need; and every
dollar of this circulation is worth a dol-
lar in gold. We have reduced the interest-
bearing debt and in still larger measure
the interest ou rhat debt. All of the war
taxes impossd Guring the Spanish war
have been rercoved with a view to relieve
the people and 10 prevent the accumula-
tion of an unnecessary surplus. The re-
sult is that nardly ever before have the
expenditures znd income 3r the govern-
ment so closely corresponded. In the
fiscal year that has just closed the ex-
cess-of income over the ordinary expén-
ditures was nine millions of dollars. This
does not take account of the fifty mil-
lions expended out of the accumulated
surplus for the purchase of the Isthmian
Canal. It is an extraordinary proof of the
sound financial conditiog. of the nation
that instead of following the usual.course
in such matters and throwing the bur-
den upon posterity by an issue of bonds,
we were able to make the payment out-
right and yet after it to have in the
treasury a surplus of one hundred and
sixty-one millions. Moreover, we were
able to pay this fifty millions of dollars
out of hand without causing the slight-
est disturbance to business conditions.
We have enacted a tariff law under
which during the past few years the
country has attained a height of material
well-being never before reached. Wages
are higher than ever before. That when-
ever the need arises there should be a re-
adjustment of the tariff schedules is un-
doubted; but such changes can with safe-
ty be made only by those whose devo-
tion to the principle of a protective tariff
is beyond question; for otherwise the
changes would amount not to readjust-
ment but to repeal. The readjustment
when made must maintain and not de-
stroy the protective principle. To the
farmer, the merchant, the manufacturer
this is vital; but perhaps no other man
is so much interested as the wage-worker
in the maintenance of our present eco-
nomic system, both as regards the
finances and the tariff. The standard of
living of our wage-workers is higher than
that of any other country, and it can not
so remain unless we have a protective
tariff which shall always keep as a mini-
mum a rate of duty sufficient to cover the
difference between the labor cost here
and abroad. Those who, like our oppon-
ents, ‘‘denounce protection as a robbery’
thereby explicitly commit themselves to
the proposition that if they were to re-
vise the tariff no heed would be paid to
the. necessity of meeting this difference
between the standards of living for wage-
workers here and in other countries; and
therefore on this point their antagonism
to our position is fundamental. Here
again we ask that their promises and
ours be judged by what has been done
in the immediate past. We ask that sober
and sensible men compare the workings
of the present tariff law, and the condi-
tions which obtain under it, with the
workings of the preceding tariff law of
1894 and the conditions which that tariff
of 1894 helped to bring about.
We believe in reciprocity with foreign
nations on the terms outlined in President
McKinley's last speech, which urged the
extension of our foreign markets by re-
ciprocal agreements whenever they could
be made without injury to American in-
dustry and labor. It is a singular fact
that the only great reciprocity treaty re-
cently adopted—that with Cuba—was
finally opposed almost alone by the rep-
resentatives of the very party which now
states that it favors reciprocity. And here
again we ask that the worth of our
words be judged by comparing their deeds
with ours. On this Cuban reciprocity
treaty there were at the outset grave dif-
ferences of opinion among ourselves; and
the notable thing in the negotiation and
ratification of the treaty, and in the leg-
islation which carried it into effect, was
the highly practical manner in which
without sacrifice of principle these differ-
ences of opinion were reconciled. There
was no rupture of a great party, but an
excellent practical outcome, the result of
the harmonious co-operation of two suc-
cessive presidents and two successive
congresses. This is an illustration of the
governing capacity which entitles us to
the confidence of the people not only in
our purposes but in our practical ability
to achieve those purposes. Judging by
the history of the last twelve years; down
to this very month, is there justification
for believing that under similar circum-
stances and with similar initial differ-
ences of opinion, our opponents would
have achieved any practical result?
We have already shown In actual fact
that our policy is to do fair and equal
justice to all men, paying no heed to
whether a man is rich or poor; paying no
heed to his race, his creed, or his birth-
place.
‘We recognize the organization of.capi-
tal and the organization of labor as nat-
ural outcomes of our industrial system.
Each kind of organization is to be fav-
ored so long as it acts in a spirit of jus-
tice and of regard for the rights of oth-
ers. Each is to be granted the full pro-
tection of the law, and each in turn is
to be held to a strict obedience to the
law; for no man is ahove it and no man
i The humblest individu i :
i feguardec
trorx
receive
The problems with
1 Z est
each is to
and no less.
more
which we have to deal in our modern in-
dustrial and social life are manifold; but.
the spirit in which it is necessary to.ap-
h their solution is simply the spirit
of courage and of common
proac
of honesty,
sense.
Ever since this continent was discovered
d of an Isthmian Canal to connect
fic and the Atlantic has been re-
cognized; and ever since the birth of our
nation such a canal has been planned.
At last the dream has become a reality.
The isthmian canal is now being built by
the government of the United States.
We conducted the negotiation for its con-
struction with the nicest and most scrun-
ulous honor, and in a spirit of the largest
generosity toward those through whose
territory it was to run. Every sinister
effort which could be devised by the spirit
of faction or the spirit of self-interest
was made in order to defeat the treaty
with Panama and thereby prevent the
consummation of this work. The con-
struction of the canal is now an assured
fact; but most certainly it is unwise to
entrust the carrying out of so moment-
ous a policy to those who have endeavor-
ed to defeat the whole undertaking.
In the Carribean Sea we have made good
our promises of independence to Cuba,
and have proved our assertion that our
mission in the island was one of justifi-
cation and not of self-aggrandizement;
and thereby no less than by our action
in Venezuela and Panama we have shown
that the Monroe Doctrine is a living real-
ity, designed for the hurt of no nation,
but for the protection ef civilization on
the western continent, and for the peace
of the world. Our steady growth in pow-
er has gone hand in hand with a streng-
thened disposition to use this power with
strict regard for the rights of others, and
for the cause of international justice and
goodwill.
The principles which we uphold should
appeal to all our countrymen, in all por-
tions of our country. Above all they
should give us strength with the men and
women who are the spiritual heirs of
those who upheld the hands of Abraham
Lincoln; for we are striving to do our
work in the spirit with which Lincoln ap-
proached his. During the seven years
that have just passed there is no duty,
domestic or foreign, which we have shirk-
ed; no necessary task which we have
feared to undertake or which we have not
performed with reasonable efficiency. We
have never pleaded impotence. We have
never sought refuge in criticism and com-
plaint instead of action. We face: the
future with our past and our present as
guarantors of our promises; and we are
content to stand or to fall by the record
which we have made and are making.
——Teacher---‘ ‘Anything is called trans-
parent that can be seen through. Now,
Willie, can vou give me an example 2"
Willie- “Yes, ma’am. A hole in the
fence around the ball park.’’- Omaha Dee.
——Suabscribe for the WATCHMAN.