Colleges & Schools. OFFICIAL RETURNS OF CENTRE COUNTY, NOVEMBER 7th, 1899. Tae PENN’A. STATE COLLEGE. Located in one of the most Beautiful and Healthful Spots in the Allegheny Region ; Undenominational ; Open to Both Sexes; Tuition Free; Board and other Expenses Very Low. New Buildings and Equipments LEADING DEPARTMENTS OF STUDY. 1. AGRICULTURE (Two Courses), and AGRI- CULTURAL CHEMISTRY ; a gonsisng illustra- i Farm and in the Laboratory. ar BIIANY AND HORTICULTURE; theoret- ical’ and practical. Students taught original study i icros e. oh CHEMISTRY with an unusually full and se in the Laboratory. : Be ENGINEERING ; ELECTRICAL EN- GINEERING ; MECHANICAL ENGINEERING These courses are accompanied with very exten- sive practical exercises in the Field, the Shop and boratory. . . i TORY ; Ancient and Modern, with orgi- 1 investigation. J 3 INDUSTRIAL ART AND DESIGN. : 7. LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE; Latin (optional), French, German and English (requir- ed), one or more continued through the entire MATHEMATICS AND ASTRONOMY; pure and applied Work 9. MECHANIC ARTS; combining shop with study, three years course; new building and ipment. : ; CO MENTAL, MORAL AND POLI LICAL SCIENCE ; Constitutional Law and History, Politi- oR Ee RY SCIENCE ; instruction theoret- ical and practical, including each arm of the ser- ety PREPARATORY DEPARTMENT; Two years carefully graded and thorough. The FALL SESSION opened Sept 15, 1897. The WINTER SESSION opens Jan. 5, 1898. The SPRING SESSION opens April 6, 1893. V SRTON xD. GEO. W. ATHERTOXN, LL.D. 27-25 State College, Centre county, Pa. ovaRD K. RHOADS. Shipping and Commission Merchant, ~——DEALER IN— ANTHRACITE AND BITUMINOUS {cours I ——CORN EARS, SHELLED CORN, OATS,—— snd other grains. —BALED HAY and STRAW— BUILDERS’ and PLASTERERS’ SAND, KINDLING WOOD py the bunch or cord as may suit purchasers. Respectfully solicits the patronage of his ” fiends and the public, at Central 1312. Telephone Calls { Gommercial 682. near the Passenger Station. 36-18 - Saddlery. eR ne ennee $5,000 $5,000 da5,000 ——WORTH OF >— HARNESS, HARNESS, HARNESS, SADDLES, BRIDLES, PLAIN HARNESS, FINE HARNESS, BLANKETS, WHIPS, Etc. All combined in an immense Stock of Fine Saddlery. NOW 1S THE TIME FOR BARGAINS...... To-day Prices have Dropped THE LARGEST STOCK OF HORSE COLLARS IN THE COUNTY. ——— JAMES SCHOFIELD, 3-37 BELLEFONTE, PA. Plumbing etc. Laeeesseessetaiiitittnatatssasssttesastesrenite { ooze YOUR PLUMBER as you chose your doctor—for ef- fectiveness of work rather than for lowness of price. Judge of our ability as you judged of his—by the work already done. Many very particular people have judged us in this way, and have chosen us as their plumbers. R. J. SCHAD & BRO. No. 6 N. Allegheny St., BELLEFONTE, PA. 42-43-6% (Qreranererenniissensssinaanenssssssenese | ily absorbed. But they were punished for : their selfishness and gluttony, for the wood- i man came along and found that they were ' big and large enough to make good lumber Bellefonte, Pa., Nov. 17, 1899. so he cut them down. Then, from their : base—and what a wonderful vitality tbe The Earth’s Biggest Tree. A Giant Redwood That Stood Near Francisco. Only | Its Stump is Now Left, But That is the King of | Stumps—One Hundred and Forty-four Feet Around | and Forty-five Across. ! How many San Franciscans are aware | that within twelve miles of the city once | stood the biggest tree that ever reared its! colossal form on the face of the globe, so! far as the knowledge of man extends, or that only four miles further on there stands | a grove of giant redwoods more extensive than the Mariposa or Fresno forests, and | scarcely second to them in girth and i height. Recently among these giant redwooeds there was a little gathering of an out-door school of forestry, in session for a day. At the request of several school principals in San Francisco, Thomas Hatch, honorary expert of forestry and fisheries from the United States to the Paris exposition, took a class of grown men and women into the heart of the woods and initiated them into some of the mysteries of Mother Nature’s methods. There were present J. M. Hutch- ings of Yosemite fame;his wife, Emily Hutchings, a botanist of note; Gustav Her- gert, in charge of the literary department of the California Paris exposition; William Edward Dargie Jr., assistant secretary; W. H. McNeil, who represents the viticultural interests of California, and the official pho- tographer of the commission; W. W. Sel- lick and a number of private citizens. Leaving the train at Mill Valley, a walk of a quarter of a mile brought the party to the mammoth stump, which was duly photo- graphed and measured. The stump is pre- cisely 144 feet around the base, at the sur- face of the earth, and 45 feet in diameter. A thousand people could find standing room within it, and the little group of 20 persons caught by the camera was almost lost in the broad space. When it is considered that the biggest tree whose measurements have been record- ed in any of the ‘‘big groves’’ of California is only thirty-three feet in diameter, the pre-eminence of this ancient monarch be- comes apparent. The old stump forms one of the redwood | ‘circles’? so common along the coast wher- | ever trees of the species have been cut or burned. Around the outer circumference are some thirty or forty young trees, vary- ing from 10 to 20 inches in diameter, and rising to a height of 80 to 100 feet. These represent the third growth from the parent tree. Within these are the remnants of stumps, varying from 3 to 5 feet in diame- ter, cut for the old sawmill, whose ruins a hundred yards distant, give a name to the valley. Competent authorities estimate this growth to have been 400 to 500 years old at the time it fell beneath the wood- man’s axe. Withinand extending beneath these are the remnants of the original tree, whose numerous girth has been quoted. At the time of its discovery the inclosure was unbroken. The three openings through which the visitor now finds entrance were cut by Jacob Gardner, present superinten- dent of the tract belonging to the Tamal- pais Land and Water Company, to whom the land on which it stands belongs. Mr. Gardner has lived on theland for thirty- two years, and was present with the com- pany of visitors. He explained in detail the condition in which he found the stump when he first came upon it, removing the last vestige of doubt as to its being the compact base of one tree. To satisfy him- self further that a giant tree had once occu- pied the entire space within the circle, at the time he cut the openings, many years ago, he took a spade and assisted by anoth- er man, yet living, dug down through the soil, accumulation of the ages that bad pass- ed since the original burl rotted away, and found there the old roots,solid and unaffect- ed by time. Mr. Hatch interpreted the story of this tree, read in the light of red- wood growth and decay, to-day to be found in all its stages throughout California for- ests : ‘“The old tree stood here—and, my soul, what a monster it was—and around the base of the burl tender green shoots shot up just as they are shooting up today from the slender sixty year old saplings of this third growth. These first sapplings grew into great trees, shutting off the air and sunlight from the parent tree. Now, a tree cannot live without air and sunlight, any more than a man, and so the foliage of the parent tree burned yellow and fell andits limbs decayed one by one, and then decay ate into the heart of the ancient tree, and gradually it crumbled to dust, and some of this dust was blown away by the winds, but the most of it, wet with the winter rains, serv- { about their base, which you may break off | redwood tree has—where the old stump yet | retained life tiny green shoots again sprang up, and made the third growth, which will in time be smothered and choked by its own progeny, these delicate shoots massed with your hand today.” It is about four miles over the ridge to Redwood Canyon, a narrow vale hemmed in between fine wooded slopes, where the lesser giants stand in undisturbed majesty, jealously protected from fire or slaughter by the company as valuable adjuncts to their watershed. They occursingly and in groups, by hundreds and thousands, splen- did columns ranged along the sides of the winding road and to be descried as far as the eye can penetrate beyond the point where road and trail come to an end. Trunks from ten to fifteen feet in diame- ter are common. Thereare many that ap- proximate twenty feet, and more than one that is twenty five feet through and seventy to seventy-five feet in girth. Itis not so easy to estimate their height, but Mr. Hutchings, Mr. Hatch and Mr. Gardner, all of them experienced woodmen and famil- iar with ‘‘the big trees,’’ say that many of them are not less than 300 feet. These splendid growths frequently form portions of redwood circles, which cannot be perfectly followed owing to the breaks in their mar- gins and the size of the parent tree cannot be reckoned with any certainty, as in the case of the big stump at Mill Valley,but no one can study the ground without being convinced that thousands of years ago it was covered with a forest of prodigious di- mensions exceeding anything dreamed of in this age. The living trees that grow along this canyon are remarkable for their beauty and perfect symmetry, rising straight and clean from 50 to 100 feet in height, where their graceful foliage spreads out laterally, the limbs often having a slight downward droop, gradually tapering in length until they reach the top, where an arrowy plume of green crowns all. Somctimes they divide at a point twenty odd feet above the ground and twin stems grow side by side, with the same perfection of outline, the same straight boles of silvery gray, with living moss on the north side. fire and decay has in some cases hollowed a genuine cave. One of these is fully six- teen feet long and twelve feet across and might in a pinch house a fair sized family. Into still another fire has wrought havoc with mighty trunk and its hollow shell was charcoal lined, but the protecting bark was gradually extending itself around into the open doorway and covering the naked, charred hollow, one place forming a splen- did burr, which would make a lumberman’s eyes green with envy. “This is the way a tree heals its wounds’ said Forester Hatch. ‘‘The tree never rests. It is always at work performing its regular functions or repairing damages that time or accident make. After a while the new growth will extend through the tree forming a sound new lining to protect the injured wood and prevent decay.’’ There were other cunning devices of the tree to which the woodman called attention. All the way up the naked trunks he point- ed out scarcely perceptible scars, mere pin- holes cloaked and concealed with the heal- ing bark where the first limbs of the trees had dropped off when no longer needed for protection. But the great scars where its big limbs have been torn away formed the text for the most interesting disquisition, and Thomas Hatch showed, by means of & section of wood sliced into thin layers, how the concentric rings, which form the most exquisite wood graining, can all be traced pack to the knot and the hollow place that has rotted about it. Another peculiar habit of the redwood tree, which is perhaps the most vigorous growth in the entire vegeta- ble kingdom, is frequently exemplified by roots sent out from half healed scars a foot or more above the ground, yetstriking into At the base | : soon be the owner of one hundred and six- From North Dakota. i Longing for Home—@ood Crops and Fair Prices in the ; Far West. An Old Centre County Boy Tells of Op- portunities Offered on the Blizzard Blown Flats of | the Far West. DEVIL'S LAKE, N. D. | Oct. 22, 1899. | EDITOR WATCHMAN :—I wish I were | down in old Bellefonte this evening or in | Zimmerman’s orchard at Hecla park, my | mouth is set just right for applesand cider. | We are having wet weather, lots of it, | and warm, too. I wish it would clear off and get bright and frosty so we could go on with the threshing. This hasbeen a | fairly prosperous year; crops were rather under the average. I have not threshed : yet, but the wheat where the ground was ! well cultivated, made a yield of up- wards of twenty bushels to the acre. | Flax is our best crop this year, yielding as high as twenty five bushels to the acre and | is worth one dollar and twelve cents a | bushel in the local market. Oats and bar- ley yield from thirty to forty bushels to the acre and are worth thirty cents a bushel. | Times are very good here and land ad- | vancing in price rapidly. A large amount ! of building is being done. Groves are be- ing planted around most of the houses, and | ina few years this part of North Dakota will compare favorably with Illinois in the neighborhood of Freeport. In soil and lay of land it is almost the same, and the pro- fits from farming are greater here than there; land that can be bought for ten dol- lars an acre, will grow twenty five dollars, worth of flax to the acre the first year and keep it up indefinitely. The oldest land in the township has been under cultivation for about eighteen years, cropped every year and yields now as well as it ever did. I would like to see a lot of Nittany val- ley folks come out here; plenty of men who are wearing ont their lives on little stony farms along the mountain would, if here, ty acres of as fine land as the sun ever shoue on. As an illustration of the money value of the crops raised on our cheap lands let me mention my brother-in-law’s farm joining mine. Three years ago he bought it for nine hundred dollars; this year he has twelve hundred dollar’s worth of crop on it, and only two thirds of it under cultiva- tion. If I come down there again this winter I will bring along some of the finest samples of wheat, oats, flax and barley you ever laid eyes on. I wish I could bring some of our big vegetables along, too. Three pound po- tatoes, heetsas big asa peck measure, onions big as a man’s fist, and everything else in proportion. I hear that your crops down there were very poor this year, and I am sorry for you; better come up here, you struggling rent- ers, and get a slice of land of your own. Well, I must close now, I hope to see you and all my old friends before Christmas and if they all keep their pro- mises to me I shall bring a car load back with me in the spring. Yours truly WiLL TRUCKENMILLER. Water in the Eucalyptus Trees. The death from thirst was recently re- ported in one of the Sydney papers. The following day a correspondent wrote point- ing out that in the eucalyptus forests of Australia no one should die of thirst, as all it and fastening themselves there to send up new sprouts, which later on will make a desperate struggle to become trees. Further down the valley a fallen tree span- ning a stream has sent shapely young limbs straight into the air, already grown to the stature and dignity of trees. Mistaken. Voice (from the top flat)—Can’t you see the sign in the hall there ‘No peddlers al- lowed in this building?’ ? Answering voice(from other end of speak- ing tube, loud enough to be heard through the building)—*“I ain’t a peddler ma’am. I’m the boy from the dentist’s, with your new teeth.’ ed as food for its offspring, which they greed- ——You ought to take the WATCAMAN | the young trees contain, even in the hottest , and driest season, a never failing supply of very drinkable water. This can be obtain- ed by cutting them into convenient pieces, say 12 feet to 15 feet, and standing them perpendicularly with the small ends down, a vessel being placed underneath to catch the water. From a quarter to half a pint may be got in this way in 15 minutes from a sapling or young tree of threeor four inches in diameter.— Westminister Gazette. EpIiTor SEES WONDERS. —Editor W. V, Barry of Lexington, Tenn., in exploring Mammoth Cave, contracted a severe case of Piles. His quick cure through using Buck- len’s Arnica Salve convinced him it is an- other world’s wonder. Cures Piles, Injuries Inflammation, and all Bodily Eruptions. Cubans Threatening War. Hold Aloft the Motto, “Independence or Death.” Lit-. tle Faith in McKinley. Says he Has Spoken in Hieroglyphics, and When All Hope Has Vanished They Should Combine to Fight. HAVANA, Nov. 6.—A committee of vet- erans went from Havana to attend a meet- ing of a local centre of veterans. Much en- thusiasm has been promoted among the veterans. Senator Secades says that the veterans held aloft the motto, ‘‘Independence or eath,”” and have absolute faith in the promises of the American. Nevertheless, he declares, if the sacred rights of the Cubans should be laughed at and their hopes of justice violated, then the voice of their wounded dignity and blem- ished honor would speak out in protest against all tyranny, even though that pro- test would mean suicide. DOUBT MCKINLEY’S PURPOSE. ‘‘Better die an honorable death,’’ ex- claimed Senator Secades, ‘‘than live as slaves, carrying upon our foreheads the brand of eternal ignominy.’’ Senor Morlo, in addressing the meeting, said : ‘‘Presidenc MeKinley has spoken to the Cubans in hieroglyphies; and there is good reason to believe that he will show bad faith toward us. If the dark day should come when Cubans realize that all hope is gone, it will be necessary then to make a solemn compact for war.”’ Senor Hernandez said that the veterans were prepared to die if it should be found impossible to realize their wishes for the independence of the island. SPANIARDS URGED TO JOIN. The National party and Cuban League have organized a joint branch society at Vedado. At the opening meeting the prin- cipal speaker was Cristobal de la Guarcia, whosaid : “It is the duty of all Cubans to join this organization. Certainly the Spaniards, af- ter fighting the United States in order to preserve their honor and after sacrificing Admiral Cervera’s squadron, will not vote against independence when the question comes to a decision by ballot. If they did vote against it they would give the lie to all their honorable historical traditions.”’ Senor Gonzalez said that these who com. pared American civilization with Cuban ought not to take as a standard of Ameri- can civilization the rich man who rode in a Pullman car, but should compare the lower classes of both nations, in which event they would find the Cubans immeasurably su- perior. Hobart Knows He is Dying. No Noticeable Change in the Vice President's Condi tion, but there is no Hope for Recovery. PATERSON, N. J., Nov. 6.-—No official bulletins were issued at the Hobart resi- dence to-day, as there was no noticeable change in the Vice President’s condition. When first taken ill the Vice President weighed about 200 pounds, and now he is down to about 125 pounds. was slightly weaker. He denied that his patient was suffering from cancer of the stomach. The doctorsaid that Mr. Hobart takes a lively interest in news of the day, extending to the Boer situation and the coming election. Mr. Hobart takes no solid food and comparatively little liquid nourishment. His vitality, upcn which he ig living, is remarkable and his cheerful- ness is a strong factor in sustaining the members of the family in their affliction. He fully realizes that his end is near. Dr. Newton was asked what he thought of the chances of Mr. Hobart to survive during the week, and said that it was im- possible to make even an intelligent guess, as his patient was liable to die at almost any minute, and might survive for several Yosh although his recovery was impos- sible. Many People Cannot Drink Coffee at night, 1t spoils their sleep. You can drink Grain-O when yon please and sleep like a top. For Grain-O does not stimulate ; it nourish- es, cheers and feeds. Yet it looks and tastes like the best coffee. For nervous persons, young peo- ple and children Grain-O is the perfect drink. Made from pure grains, Get a package from your grocer to-day. Try it in place of coffee. 15 and 25¢. 11-1-1y New Advertisements, ANTED-—Several bright and honest / persons to represent us as Managers in this and close by counties. Salary $900 a year and expenses. Straight, bona-fide, no more, no less salary. Position permanent. Ourreference, any bank in any town. It is mainly office work conducted at home. Reference. Enclose self- addressed stamped envelope, THE Dominion Only 25c at F. Potts Green. sm—— Company, Dept 3, Chicago. 41-37-16w. Attorneys-at-Law. | | |Governor-'98 Treasurer Sup. Judge | | Superior J Sheriff. Treas Regist'r| Record Commissioners Auditors Coroner Bower & ORVIS, Attorneysat La kbd a AHEIEEBEIEE EE EEE HEHE EEE EEE HIBEHERH EE HE EE Se BOROUGHS sI2lE|I5|8|E(|¢ SIEliFIBIRI/RE Ei{E|2|is 8 SlIlIE|E gleilzl = LE] SEZ 2 W. F. REEDER. H. C. QUIGLEY. A PS 2181S al&| 3 5132 gis LE E BiLIE SS | z em GRANT HOOVER, Office, 1st Floor, Crider’s Stone Building. 43-18-1u BELLEFONTE, PA. Hotel. ee an compra ee — rt Tr TET 4 Dr. Newton said to-day that Mr. Hobart { JmvrRaL HOTEL, MILESBURG, PA. A. A. KONLBECKER, Proprietor. i i This new and commodicus Hotel, located” opp. the depot, Milesburg, Centre county, has been en- tirely Prohtted, refurnished and replenished throughout, and is now second to none in the county in the character of accommodations offer- ed the public. Its table is supplied with the best the market affords, its bar contains the purest and choicest liquors, its stable has attentive host: Jers and every convenience and comfort is ex- d its guests. . Wo] h travelers on the railroad will find this an excellent place to lunch or procure a meal, as all trains stop there about 25 minutes. 24 24 | Fine Job Printing. 3 JOB PRINTING 6-—A SPECIALTY 0 AT THE WATCHMAN {OFFICE There is no style of work, from the cheapes Dodger” to the finest +—BOOK-WORK,—i that we can not do in the most satisfactory ma ner, and at Prices consistent with the class of work. Callon or communicate with this office. rrr, in