ETI Bellefonte, Pa., Oct. 23, 1896. rE EE———— FARM NOTES. —In all soils is an abundance of certain plant foods, though there may be a deficiency of some kinds; yet this abun- dance, like gold in the earth, must be mined and brought to the surface. It is useless until made available, and to obtain it is an object which should always be kept in view. The roots of og are Tad nts for that purpose, as they go down the subsoil a plant food to the surface. This can be accomplished by growing plants, because they are capable of secreting organic acids which dissolve the insoluble substances of the soil, which are immediately distributed through all . por- tions of the plants. Farmers who grow claver are aware that clover enriches the land and that it can utilize potash in the soil to better advantage than by the use of nitrogen, yet it is a nitrogenous plant and returns nitrogen to the soil when plowed under. The advantage of growing crops to be turned under, therefore, depends upon their capacity of dissolving inert matter in the soil and making the land more fertile by rendering the plant food more avail- able. The soil may be well supplied with near- ly all kinds of plant food, but it is impov- erished in proportion, as any one substance may be lacking, just asa chain is strong only in proportion to the strength of its weakest link. If there isa purchase of some fertilizer which the soil does not re- quire, the cost to the farmer will be in- creased above the sum really necessary to supply his land. This may be demon- strated by referring to the fact that as clover takes potash from the soil and nitro- gen from the atmosphere, a potash ferlilizer will be cheaper for the land that has pro- duced clover than will a supply of nitro- gen ; but all crops that produce seeds will be benefited by phosphates, though even in those cases much depends upon the kind or soil, and for that reason there is no possi- ble mode of treating all farms alike, which renders it imperative that every farmer study his soil and observe the conditions to which it is subject. When there is an abundant growth of wood, with intense green foliage, nitrogen is seldom lacking in the soil, and if the stalks of plants are strong and the seeds well filled out and ~plpmp, lime, potash and phosphoric a¢id may not be required. These rules are not infallible, however but they will assist the farmer toa certain extent when he has under consideration the matter of procur- ing fertilizers. —A hedge is both useful and ornamental, and also adds value to the farm. In start- ing a hedge it should be protected by a fence until the plants have become of suffi- cient height to turn stock. Osage orange, with its prongs, can be made to keep the smallest animals out of a field if it is pro- perly attended to during the first three years of its growth. The plants should be cut back severely, or partially cut and the branches interwoven, a process which is tedious but necessary if a close hedge is desired. The only objection to hedges is the fact that they ‘‘draw’’ the land and require trimming every year, but they are cheaper than fences and will last for many years. > —If manure is intended to be used in the orchard let it be applied to old trees instead of around the younger ones. Many old orchards can be renewed by careful pruning and heavy manuring, and it is an advantage to use an old orchard if possi- ble, as it takes many years to bring up a young orchard to the bearing capacity of one that is established. Good orchards have been permitted to become useless be- cause of neglect in not manuring the land, and as orchards pay better than some crops it is profitable to use manure on them. —Among the fruits that are seldom seen on farms may be mentioned the quince. Quinces bring good prices in market, and they are never plentiful. In some cities it is difficult to obtain them. The quince can be grown as easily as pears or apples on suitable soil, but will not stand neglect. It offers a favorable opportunity to those who have room for a quince orchard. —The roads would be much better if wide tires were used on all wagons, as they do not cut up the roads, but rather serve to pack the gravel. The State of Pennsylvania has a law exempting from certain taxes those who use wide tires, and as metal wheels are largely coming into use it is probable that in the future nearly all wagons will have wide tires. —Ticks not only keep sheep poor but en- feeble them. Experience has shown that late dipping of sheep in the fall, which de- stroys ticks, not only improves the condi- tion of the flock but the gain in growth of fleece is very marked. When free of ticks sheep will not only be nrore contented but also escape disease to a great extent. —It is not an advantage to keep calves in the same inclosure with adult cattle. The calf prefers food of a different kind from that required by cows, as it ‘is making growth of bone and muscle, and the adults intimidate the young animals and deprive them of food. —DPeaches can be cut back very low, which makes them stocky, but such trees, when two or three years old, are not as easily cultivated as “trees that are higher. The low trees stand heavy winds better, however, and shade the ground around the trunks from the sun. —How to make grafting wax : Take one part tallow, two parts beeswax and four parts resin. Melt thoroughly and pour into cold wafer. When cool enough work like molasses candy—using a little tallow on the hands to keep the wax from sticking. —*‘‘As soon as the rot is observed in the egg plant,’ writes an authority, ‘‘dust the spot with air-slacked lime, and in a day or two the rot will have dried up ; the spot disappears, and the frait will mature in good condition.”’ —DBees vanish cverything in the hive toward fall. All sealed combs are var- nished to prevent moisture from entering the pores of capping, and diluting the honey, which causes fermentation by the heat in the hive. -——When salt is kept where the cows can help themselves there is no danger of their eating too much. It is only when it is kept from them some time that there is any risk of their doing so. : —Michigan has a new turnip disease. It dries up the leaf. It is a fungus, which accompanies wet, muggy weather. The remedy, or preventive, is to burn all the affected tops. In No Danger. Bishop McGovern Says Bimétallism Would Help the Country. Bishop Thomas McGovern, who presides over the Roman Catholic diocese of Harris- burg, is a strong free silver man and a great admirer of William J. Bryan. He was asked on Tuesday by a Patriot repor- ter to give his opinion of the interview given out hy Archbishop Ireland Sunday night at St. Panl. The bishop refused to make any criticism on his brother prelate’s action, except to say that the archbishop has always been a Republican, was a chap- lain in the army and quite naturally held the opinions he expressed in his interview. Bishop McGovern was asked what he thought of the political situation. ‘I wonder, ’’ said he, ‘‘at the great amount of work the Republicansare doing just now when they profess to have such a big majority certain. There must be some motive for their hard work. I never knew of men doing anything without a motive. They must have some reason for spending so much money in their campaign as they are doing at present. If they were certain of the election of McKinley they would not be spending so much cash. *‘As for the silver men, while they make claims which are apparently correct, they can’t spend any. Who is taking these large delegations to Canton? Somebody must pay the expenses. The very element for McKinley that has money are the bank- ers and brokers and they are spending it.”’ ‘Have you been following Mr. Bryan's speeches on his tour of the country ?’’ “Yes, I have been watching his recep- tions by the masses of the people with a very great deal of interest. But Mr. Bry- an cannot add much to wha he said in his famous Chicago speech. That was his best speech and he has not excelled it. He cov- ered the neints so well at that time that there is little else he can say.’ ‘Have you anything further to say on the question of the free coinage of silver ?’’ “‘Only this : . I believe we ought to have the bimetallic system. We can only fix the standard of value by the bimetallic sys- tem.” : ‘‘Bishop. it has been represented that if Mr. Bryan should be elected president an- archy and disorder will prevail in this country. What is your opinion ?’’ “I do not think so ; itis impossible. If we should have anarchy and disorder it will not come from the Bryan people. If the bankers and brokers choose to precipi- tate a panic I do not know what the conse- quences will be. The moneyed men of the country can burn the ship if they want to and all go down together, but they are not so foolish as to do such a thing as that. “I could not say what would happen in the event of a panic. When it comes to starvation we don’t know what follows. To my mind when the insurance men and others who control the money talk of dis- asters following the free silver victory they talk as though they are not able to pay their debts. In the event of a panic ten per cent. of the banks would go down, as would all saving fund institutions, because they would not be able to get money to pay the claims against them.’ “It is charged that labor will suffer from free silver, do you think so?” ‘No, indeed. Labor will never suffer from the free coinage of silver. It would get more work. It takes more labor to get a gold dollar now than at any time since 1873. When we say prices are falling we make a mistake. We should say gold is going up and the same would follow if we had a single money standard of any kind. We have in this country $600,000,000 in gold and the debt of the country and peo- ple combined is many hundred times that. Gold must be hustled pretty rapidly to pay our debts, and, as a consequence, gold goes up.” “You are still of the opinion that Bryan will be elected 2” “I certainly am. I base my assertion, not only on what I have read, but from personal observation. In my travels I meet silver men wherever I go. In fact, I meet none who don’t favor the free coinage of silver. The free coinage element is strong in the Harrisburg = diocese. Silver has always been the poor man’s money and gold the money of the rich man. Since the crime of '73’ wages have been steadily coming down. In 1873 railroad men got from $2 a day up and laborers got $1.50. Now the railroad man is content to get $1.- 25 a day and the laborer 90 cents. ‘‘I do not apprehend any danger to the country in the event of the triumph of the cause of freesilver, either from anarchy or the precipitation of a panic by the gold men. It is discreditable to the American people to entertain the idea for an instant. I considerall the money we have as honest money. Why? Because the government is able to redeem everything she stamps as money. When gold and silver are #ised as money they have no value above or below what the government assigns to them. They at once lose their bullion character when they become money.” . Will Higher Prices Benefit Labor 3 Advocates for a gold standard claim that higher prices for products will not benefit labor, because expenses would be increased. Let us see how railroad employes would be affected under such a condition. Railroads have three problems to solve. They must get money to pay taxation, running ex- penses and interest on bonds. All of these must be paid before the stockholder receives a dividend. ag Taxation can be reduced but little. In- terest charges cannot be reduced at all. To reduce operating expenses is the only way to do this; that is, diminish the amount paid to employes. By discharging some, reducing salaries of others, and working less hours, the pay roll is made smaller. A reduction in revenues has forced the road to economize. This diminution of revenue has been brought about in two ways. When the prices of farin products fell below a certain point, shipments stop unless freight rates are lowered. The ex- pense to the road cannot be lessened except by a reduction of its pay roll. The low price of products furnishes the producer less money, consequently he must economize. He cannot buy so large a quantity of the manufactured products,and the road has less freight to haul to the farming districts, therefore a less number of employes to operate its lines is required. Laber, in both of these cases, has been the sufferer. Now let the opposite condition prevail. Higher prices for products not only allows the road to raise its freight rates, but pro- duction, itself, is stimulated, giving the road a larger volume of business. The em- ployes are put on full time. Salaries are put to the old pointand more men employ- The pay roll can be increased and the road still make a profit, because not only has the business from the farming districts increased, but the farmer having more mon- ey is able to buy more manufactured arti- cles, which increases business toward the farming district, = That the manufacturer and his employes would be benefited by increased sales of their products is obvious, as the one would sell more goods, the other get steady em- ment and increased wages, and of the | three parties affected, labor would receive the largest portion.—¢‘Snap Shots at Facts ploy: in Finance. » English Widows. In England there are 114 every 54 widowers. Children Cry for Pitcher’s Castoria. When baby was sick, we gave her Castoria, When she was a Child, she cried for Castoria, When she became a Miss, she clung to Castoria, When she had Children, she gave them Castoria. Business Notice. | stamped envelope. | Chicago. New Advertisements. New Advertisements, Dr. Salm. ANTED — SEVERAL FAITHFUL men and women to travel for responsible established house in Pennsylvania. Salary $780, payable 815 weekly and expenses. Position per- manent. Reference. Enclose self-addressed The National, Star Building, 41-39-4m. Fivest Roasted Coffees, Rio, Java, Fresh Roasted. SECHLER & CO Santos and Mocha. Fauble’s JH UNDREDS HAVE SEEN HUNDREDS HAVE BOUGHT Hundreds more intend to make this great line of Men’s All Wool Suits at “a a o 0 The means by which from $3.00 to $5.00 can and will be saved. Don’t you think you had "better try it yourself. COSTS NOTHING TO SEE. f 40-10 FAUBLES’, Bellefonte, Pa. Schomacker Piano. 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From Doron knowledge and observation I at Castoria is a excellent medicine for children, acting as a laxative and relieving the nt up bowels and general system very much. ae mothgrs have told me of its excellent ef- recommend it as known to me.” 111 South Oxfo! can say t H. fect upon their chiidren.” “For several Joors I have recommended ‘Cas- .| toria,’ and shal aiwals continue to do so as it has invariably produ 125th Street and 7th Ave., New York City, “The use of ‘Castoria’ is so universal and its merits so well known that it seems a work of su- it. Few are the intelligent ererogation to endorse cep Castoria within easy amilies who do not k Dr. G. C. Osaoop, Lowell, Mass. ced beneficial results.” EpwiN F. Paroeg, M. D., > pbb reach.” Carros MartyN, D. D., 41-15-2ys New York City. Saddlery. go.000 $5,000 $5,000 ——WORTH OF—— HARNESS, HARNESS, HARNESS, SADDLES and FOR SUMMER, —— BRIDLES —NEW HARNESS FOR SUMMER, - FLY-NETS FOR SUMMER, DUSTERS FOR SUMMER, All ‘combined in an immense Stock of Fine ereecs NOW IS THE TIME FOR BARGAINS. ¢ = THE LARGEST STOCK OF HORSE WHIPS FOR SUMMER, Saddlery. To-day Prices | have Dropped COLLARS IN THE COUNTY. 33-37 JAMES SCHOFIELD, BELLVONTE, PA. A MATTER OF GREAT IMPORTANCE TO YOU IN SUFFERING FROM LONG STANDING CHRONIC DISEASES, DISEASES OF THE BLOOD, SKIN ANI’NERVOUS SYSTEM, AS WELL AS THOSE SUFFERING FROM EYE, EAR, NOSE AND THROAT TROUBLE. MORITZ SALM, M. D., Specialist, Von Grafe Infirmary, COLUMBUS, OHIO. -——WILL BE IN— BELLEFONTE, PA., —AT— THE BROCKERHOFF HOUSE, —SATURDAYS— Aug. 8, Sep. 5, Oct. 3-31, Nov. 28, Dec. 26, Jan. 23," Feb. 20, March 20, April 17, May 15, June 12, July 10. — ONE DAY ONLY. EXAMINATION AND CONSULTATION FREE TO EVERYBODY. UNSOLICITED TESTIMONIALS Hard of Hearing for 85 Years, Caused by Ca- tarrh, and cured by ‘Dr. Salm. Rev. J. D. Leister, Swales, Pa. : ; : Replying to your Inquiry, as to testimonial with my signature, ublished by Dr. Salm, will sa. , that I was under is treatment for 10 months for my hearing. It was catarrh of the middle ear, and’ like yourself, could hear better some days than others, could hear better in noise. My hearing was very much improved by the treatment, and have no doubt, but that he can help you. Dr. Salm appears to be an honest man, and he will tell you the truth whether he can help you or not. If I were you, would certainly consult him. I was longer afflict- ed than you. My hearing was bad in one ear for about 35 years, and in the other for about 24 or 25 years. oping that your hearing will be entirely restored. Iremain. Bedford Co. Bedford, Pa. Isaac Pierson. Case of Catarrh Cured by Dr. Salm. Rev. J. D. Leister, Swales, Pa. Yours came to hand to-day. Dr. Salm treated my 13 year old boy for catarrh in the head, and cured him in 6 months. Idon't know whether he can cure you or not, buton examination he will tell you the truth. I know a man here, that he examined, and he told him that he could not be cured. 1 know other people, that he has done a great deal of good in other cases. Madisonburg, Centre Co., Pa. Ben Limbert. After the Country Doctors Had Given Him Up as Incurable, Dr. Salm Cured Him. — I must truly say that Dr. Salm has treated me well and I have improved wonderfully under his skillful Sr even after our country doctors all gave me tip as incurable. J. F. Weidenmeirer. Paxtonville, Snyder Co., Pa., Aug. 24th, 1890, ~ Case of Catarrh Cured by Dr. Salm. For 7 years I have had a bad case of catarrh, took cold continually and almost always had headaches; a bad stomach, as well and too man, accompanying troubles to mention. But now, af. ter only a short treatment of Dr. Salm, I am al- most a new man. : Henry Treon. Sunbury, Northumberland Co., Pa., Sep. 9th., 1896. Received Great Benefit. I have received great benefit from the 3 months treatment, I have taken from Dr. Salm, for which 1 feel very greatful. D. F. Porter. Butler, Butler Co., Pa., Aug. 1st, 1896. Dr. Salm Snatched Her From Her Grave. Mr. Secretary :— ; You asked me why I did not come back last month. The medicine Dr. Salm gave me helped me so much, that I thought it was not necessary to return at present, but however, if I need any further treatment he is my physician. He cured me of scrofula, about one year ago, snatched me, you might say, from the grave. This is saying a good deal, but it is true, : Mrs, A. E. Meyer. Linden Hall, Centre Co., Pa., July 14th, 1896. Cured of Stomach, Liver and Nerve Trovble by Dr. Salm. Tor more than 7 years I have had a bad stom-. ach, liver and nerve trouble. Became so weak that I couldn't work any more. For 6 and one half years I have tried the best doctors in the country but got worse and worse, but now, after a short treatment with Dr. Salm, I am able to at- . tend to my daily labors RZD, putting in a good days work. Eat splendidly and have ined reatly in weight. Puilip R. Enders. ey Northumberland Co., Pa., Sep. 9th, 1896. Nobody Has Done More for My Health Than Dr. Salm. I have only taken a half month's treatment and in that time, I dare say, ne one could have done more for my health than Dr. Salm, as I feel a §res; deal better. William H. Knepp. roxelville, Snyde. Co., Pa., Aug. 3rd, 1896. Catarrh and Bronchitis Cured by Dr. Sali. For some years I have been in bad health. Suf- fered very much from catarrh and brouchitis, lost flesh continually, coughed a great deal and there didn’t seem to be a spot about me that didn’tache. So I went to Dr. Salm, who comes here every four weeks, for treatment. Iam so much pleased with the improvement that I want everyone to know it. I can eat finely, feel a good deal stronger, and I know I will soon be myself again. Mr. Henry Keithan. Sunbury, Northumberland Co., Pa., Sep. 9th, 1896. Address all communications to hox 760, Columbus, O. OUR ADVERTISEMENT WILL APPEAR TWICE BEFORE EACH VISIT. 40-7 :
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