——
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Bellefonte, Pa., Dec. 6, 1895.
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Farm Notes.
—The loss of fertilizing elements
from the manure is usually by wastage
of the liquids. The liquids are really
the valuable portions of the voidings
of animals® In the solid manure from
horses about 4.5 per cent of nitrogen
exists, 3.8 per cent of potash and 3.7
per cent of phosphoric acid. There
exists in the liquids 15 per cent of ni-
trogen, 15 per cent of potash, hut only
a trace of phosphoric acid. As an
analyses of manures vary greatly, the
percentages given are not strictly cor-
rect, but the proportions are near the
average. It will be noticed that the
larger share of nitrogen (the most cost-
ly of all substances applied to the soil)
exists in the liquid manure (urine) and
and the same is shown of potash. In
fact, 100 pounds of urine contain over
three times as much nitrogen as the
same weight of solids, and also over
four times as much potash. The sol-
ids contain the larger proportion of
phosphoric acid, but the sources from
in the phosphates can be procured
are increasing every year, while the
supply of nitrogen and potash is some-
what limited. The value of the nitro-
gen that goes to waste in the liquid
manure on the farms every year is
enormous, amounting to millions of
dollars.
PREPARATION OF ABSORBANTS.
Long practice and the customs of
centuries lead farmers ‘to endeavor to
save the liquids by the use of straw,
corn stalks or other coarse materials,
which are thrown into the barn yards.
They do so because they expect these
substances to decompose, mix with the
manure and absorb liquids and escap-
ing ammonia. If they will consider
the fact that stalks and straw are cov-
ered with hard shells (mostly silica)
and are partially protected from de-
composition, it will, no doubt, become
apparent that before the substances
cau be trampled or reduced to a fine
condition much loss of liquids will re-
sult, and especially when the manure
is in the barn yard, uncovered. as
every rain or melting snow dissolves a
portion of the manure and carries off
some of its most valuable constituents.
For that reason all material used in
the manure heap should be in the fin-
est possible condition, the straw to be
first cut and used in the stalls, and the
stalks run through a corn shredder or
cutter and used in the same manner,
or fed to stock first, to be picked over.
The point to observe is to use no coars-
er material whatever, so as to have all
substances capable of instantly absorb-
ing the liquids.
PREVENTING LOSS OF LIQUIDS.
Every stall should be cemented, and
a tight drain should conduct the lig-
uids tothe manure heap, which should
be under shelter. The manure heap
should rest on a cement bottom, hav-
ing a pit or excavation, to prevent the
liquide from flowing away. Clay will
not fully answer the purpose, as water
will find its way down through it.
When cleaning the stalls the solid
manure and absorbent litter (which is
fine) should be added to the heap, as
to absorb all the liquids. If necessary
dry earth or muck may also be used ;
in fact, any material that will serve to
absorb the liquids will be found ser-
viceable. It may appear to some that
the cutting of the straw or shredding ot
the stalks will increase the cost for la-
bor, which is true, but the manure will
be three times as valuable, the Hi
will be cleaner and more comfortable,
there will be less liability of firefang-
ing and the manure will be fine for
spreading. More manure will be ac-
cumulated, and it will be in excellent
condition as plant food, possessing the
essential elements in a soluble form
aud in ready condition for the plants as
soon ag applied.
—The sheep provides four sources
from which profits may be procured —
wool, mutton, lamb and manure. If
the wool only is the object the farmer
is losing his opportunity from mutton
and lamb. Mutton brings a high
price in market, but our farmers give
80 much attention to the wool that
they fail to get ‘mutton of good quality
into market. If the small wool breeds
of sheep have been disposed of, it will
be found an advantage to the farmers
in the end, as they will in future give
their attention to sheep that pay better
and give surer returns.
—It is better to cutout the old wood
of blackberries after the weather be-
comes cold than to delay until next
spring, burning the old canes. Suc-
cessful fruit growers, who have used
fertilizers and manures on blackberries
and cut out the weak canes, have
found profit in the crop. The majori-
ey of those who grow blackberries do
not apply anything to the soil, even
allowing the weeds to take possession
of the ground.
—After a barbed wire fence is made
the next point is to prevent injury to
stock. A hedge of some kind, with
the wire running through the hedge,
will protect the stock. Even if the
hedge is young it serves to show the
animals where to stop. They will not
knowingly run against a barbed wire
fence, but it sometimes happens that
they do not see the wires,
—It the farmer had something to |
gell every month in the year, either of
crops or stock, he would find it less
difficult to manage on a limited capi-
tal. Cows and poultry bring in daily
returns, and farmers who make a spec-
ialty ot milk, butter and eggs are usu-
ally prosperous.
—Oats should be fed, even if corn is
plentiful. All kinds of stock relish a
variety, even if is but a change of
grain. Wheat, oats and corn may be
ground together, and the ground food
will be’ superior to any one of the
grains used in the mixture.
i The Smallest Republic.
Has a Population of 55 and Women Are
Voters.
Among the tiny republics of the
world perhaps the tiniest of all, in point
of population, is the Republic of Tav-
alora, on the island of that name, about
eight miles from Sardinia. It “has a
population of 55, and is less than two
miles in length.
Sovereignty was accorded in 1836 by
King Charles Albert to the head of the
Bartoleoni family, who was given the
title of king. For nearly 50 years this
monarch—Paul I. was his name—ruled
his microsocopic kingdom with skill and
judgment, and enjoyed peace with all
his neighbors. He died May 8, 1882,
after expressing the desire to his sor-
rowing relatives that none of them
should succeed him. He strongly wish-
ed his subjects to govern themselves.
No pretender arose, and for four years
the simple inhabitants got along com
fortably without any band at the helm
of their ship of State. Butin 1888, af-
ter lengthly discussions, in which the
Tavaloran women took a prominent
part, the republic was proclaimed.
The women had a large say regarding
the constitution, and they secured the
right of suffrage. The President is
elected for six years. He and the other
officers serve without salary. The inde
pence of the tiny State was recognized
in 1887 by the Italian government.
Lieut. Ehlers Drowned.
The German Explorer of Africa Meets his
Death in British New Guinea.
BERLIN, Nov. 28.—Word has been
raceived here of the death by drowning
of Otto E. Ehlers, the explorer, who
was an intimate friend of Emperor Wil-
liam. Lieutenant Ehlers met his
death in British New Guinea, where he
was making an exploration. Twent,
natives lost their lives with him, and ail
bis diaries and field notes were lost.
Lieutenant Ehlers has been promi-
nently connected with several exploring
expeditions, but was best known as an
African explorer. He was the first to
reach the ‘summit of Mount Kilima-
Njaro, and by his knowledge of. the
natural boundaries saved all that part
of Africa to Germany. It was in 1885
that Lieutenant Ehlers went out to Af-
rica, and his journey to the summit of
Kilima-Njaro—19,800 feet above the
sea—soon made him famous. He next
accompanied Major Wiasman, the Ger-
man commissioner in Africa, in his
movement against the Arabs, and re-
ceived severe wounds in the desultory
fighting of those years. In 1887 he
went home for a short time, and after
another trip to Africa, made a long trip
throngh tha Himalayas, Tonquin, As-
sam, Korea, China and Siberia.
Lieutenant Ehlers visited the United
States in 1893, and attended the World’s
fair 1n Chicago.
Joe Jefferson's Homestead,
The Veteran Actor Buys inthe Old Home at
Undereliff, N. J.
Joseph Jefferson is once more a Jersey
landowner. The old homestead at Un-
dercliff, N. J., where Jefferson lived for
40 years, and where all his children
-were born, and where the summers of
his busy years of triumph were spent
before he sold the property and put up
Crow’s Nest next to President Cleve-
land’s Gray Gables, at Buzzards Bay,
was advertised two weeks ago at Sher-
iff’s sale.
The estate had been purchased from
Jefferson by J.B Miller, a brother-in-law
ot Jay Gould, who had allowed the
property to run down, and finally was
willing to have it taken off his hands.
Mr. Jefferson learned of this fact and
was not to busy ir the midst of his
seeson’s work to inquire into the mat-
ter, consult with his attorneys, and fin-
ally send them down over to Jersey one
day last week empowered to buy in the
homestead. The price paid was $15,000.
The old Jefferson home is a roomy,
old-fashioned country house set in the
midst of broad acres.
EE —
When He Had His Turn.
A well-known barrister some time ago
had under cross examination a youth
from the contary, who rejoiced in
the name of Samson, and whose replies
were provocative of much laughter
in the court.
“And so,” questioned the barrister,
‘‘you wish the court to believe that you
are a peaceably-disposed and inoffensive
kind of person ?”’
“Yes,
‘And that you have no desire to fol-
low in the steps of your illustrious
namesake and smite the Philistines ?"’
+ “No; I've not,” answered the wit-
ness. ‘‘And if I had the desire I ain't
got the power at present.”
“Then you think you would be un-
able to cope successfully with the jaw
bone of an ass ?”’
“Well,” answered the ruffled Sam-
gon, “I might have a try when you
have done with the weapon.”
——The longest pier bridge is said to
be that of Victoria, at Montreal, 9144
feet.
A Royal Baby’s Clothes.
What the Daughter of the Car Wears in
Childhood. ;
Olga, the little daughter recently born
to the Czar and @zarina of Russia, has
8 wardrobe that is so rich and dainty
that every mother who reads of it must
feel a delight, and almost b& tempted to
envy such lovely possessions when she
thinks of her own tiny treasure.
Queen Victoria picked out a nurse for
ber great-granddaughter and sent four
dozen safety pins of gold set with pearls
forming the word “Baby.” The in-
fant’s wardrobe was made in Paris.
Two complete layettes were ordered,
one for a boy, the other for a girl. The
band and shirts are of flannel trimmed
with lace and embroidered with flowers
and stars. These are of three sizes, an
there are 12 dozen of each size. The
swathing blankets are numberless and
richly embroidered. The linen is of
Holland manufacture and of cobweb
fineness. Each piece is embroidered
with the imperial crown. The bibs are
of finest batiste, embroidered and trim-
med with guipure lace. The bath
gowns are in white flannel, with white
silk lining and capacious hoods of blue
or deep red—the former for a girl, the
latter for a boy.
There are numberless little shoes of
many sizes, of white kid, ornamented
with satin and lace applications. The
down beds are of ostrich feathers. Then
as for cloaks and all manner of outer
garments, some are of Thibit wool, some
of Ottoman wool, some of white satin.
These are richly ornamented and some
are lined with ermine. Also there are
shoulder capes of Thibet, goatskin, of
deerskin and of other fine furs.
a ————————
Poison in the Holy Cup.
Father Jakimtowicz Discoverc It Just Before
Early Moruing Mass.
Mount CARMEL, Pa., Nov. 26.—
Paris green was found in the commun-
ion cup just before early mass by the
Rev. Father Joseph Jakimowiez, pastor
of St. Joseph’s church. The person
who put the poison in the wine also
robbed the church of a considerable sum
of money.
It was 6 o'clook when Sexton John
Weda and Antony Donowitch entered
the church and found the drawers of the
holy wardrobe disarranged the top of
the chests in which were kept the con-
tributions from orphans broke open and
the contents of the chests stolen and the
door of the tabernacle forced. The
priest noticed that the articles that bad
been taken were of minor value and
that the communion cup had been die-
turbed.
He then discovered that the wine in
the cup was discolored. The particles
in the bottom proved to be paris green.
The priest's congregation is divided,
and only a year ago the faction opposed
to him tried-to blow him up with dyna-
mite.
ASI,
WHAT Five §1 BILLS ACCOMPLISH-
ED.—This money was invested in five
bottles of Dr. David Kennedy's Favorite
Remedy. “I suffered for nearly ten
biliougness,”” writes Mr. D. Probert, of
New Hampton, N. Y., “and the best
medical treatment I could procure, did
me no good. A friend of mine spoke of
Dr. Kennedy's Favorite Remedy which
I bought. and when I had taken five
bottle I was cured. What the doctors
cost hundreds of dollars in trying to do,
Favorite Remedy did for five dollars.”
If you are incliced to constipation don’t
neglect yourself. Dr. *Kennedy’s Fav-
orite Remedy permanently cures if.
————
Taking It Out in Trade.
Nellie—Why do ou let your husband
poke so much fun at your new hat ? I
think it's horrid. :
May—Why, my dear, I haveto let
him get something in return for his
money,
A TES
WHAT 1S A PALINDROME, —“A pa-
lindrome is a sentence that reversed
reads the same as when taken from be-
ginning to end. This for example,
“New Eve won.” Read backward or
forward it is the same. But you can-
not reverse the sentence of death that a
neglected cold involves, unless you at
once take Dr. Pierce’s Golden Medical
Discovery. This is the great food and
blood purifier. It isa sovereign reme-
dy for all diseases due to impoverished
blood, such as consumption, bronchitis,
weak lungs, scrofula and their kindred.
Business Notice.
Ca eat ee
Children Cry . or Pitcher’s Castoria.
Se
When baby was sick, we gave her Castoria,
When she wasa Child, she cried for Castoria,
When she became Miss, she clung to Castoria,
When she had Ghildren, she gave them
Castoria. 38-43-2y
Cottolene.
A LESSON IN COOKING.
in tins with
| 40 35
trade-mark—"* Cottolene”
When a recipe calls for a cupful of lard or butter, use two-thirds of a cupful
of Cottolene—the new shortening—instead. It improves your food,
improves your health, saves your money—a lesson in econo-
my, too. Genuine COTTOLENE is sold everywhere
and
steere’s head in cotton-plant wreath—on
every tin.
‘THE N. K. FAIRBANK CO., CHICAGO,
and 132 N. Delaware Ave.,
Philadelphia.
years with constipation, jaundice ard.
Lyon & Co.
Saddlery.
TE MILD WEATHER
———HAS MADE THE —
WINTER SEASON BACKWARD.
THE MANUFACTURER HAS FELT THIS MORE THAN
THE RETAILER.
0
Owing to the backwardness of the season we have
been able to secure of two of the largest and best Over-
coat makers of New York
city « large lot of Men's,
Boy's and Children’s Overcoats for much less than their
value. We give our customers the benefit of this pur-
chase by selling these goods at much less than their value,
we will convert this immense stock into money again.
errr omen eet en
We have the best wearing the best fitting all
wool Cheviot Suits for men that can be
found in the State at
THE VERY LOW PRICE OF $4.75 A SUIT.
Better qualities all wool Suits for men up to
the finest Clay Worsted at
PRICES THAT DEFY COMPETITION.
Extra heavy all wool Pants for men at...... 1.50
Boy's Suits from 98c. up to the finest all wool
Cheviots.
Boy's knee Pants from 2ic. upto a dollar a
pair.
SHOES, SHOES, SHOES axp BOOTS
We can fit you is Shoes, we can fit you in Bcots
We have the widest and also the narrowest
lasts,
Ladies’ genuine leather insole fine Don-
gola buttoned patent leather tipped
BHOBE, Bl... comriser. siisisucinirensiieisirivisiisress $1.39
Ladies genuine leather insole finer Don-
gola buttoned patent leather tipped
aA Se £1.90
Ladies’ genuins leather insole finer Don-
gola buttoned, patent leather tipped
SHOOR, BL... 00st svster iste hers vasn sins
Ladies’ fine Dongola buttoned common
sense heeland toe from $1.39 and up-
wards.
Men’s Boots from $1.45 up to the best.
Children’s Shoes from 35cis a pair up to
the best £2.50.
Ix[
THE GREAT NUMBER OF
LADIES COATS AND CAPES
we have already sold this season is an evi-
dence that they are well made, handsomely
lined and trimmed, that they fit well and that
the prices are very low for the very good qual;
ity.
A good cloth ladies Cape for.... feeen $3.50
A better cloth ladies Cape for......c/i......... $4.50
An elegantly lined and trimmed cloth
1adies Capo fol. inicio di $6,00
Ladies plain cloth fine*boucle and fine
Plush Capes, from $5.50;to $15.
Ladies Coats frcm $2.98 up to the finest
all wool beaver and boucle cloth Coats
Rhesesry terre sciatrasarsrsscsserursanssresnessesinrerars S15,00
All styles, weights and colorg, infant’s and
children’s coats from 98c. up tothe finest,with
beautiful silk and silk velvet caps to match
each coat.
ONLY A FEW MORE
DRESS PATTERNS
left in the 42 inches wide, wool novelty dress
goods at 2) cents a yard.
All wool 114 yards wide camels hair dress
BOTECYy Blucesrorcsscrersereirnsiatsssrsionsoes Seertsssarey 34e.
Better serges for a little moretmoney.
Heavy all wool 114 yards wide!cloth for dress®
es, all shades 30 cents per yard.
Fine dress goods, Mohairs, silk and wool Hen"
riettas, Boucle cloths, fancy silk and wool
plaids from 34cents up to $1.25 per yard.
SPECIAL BARGAINS THIS SEASON IN GUM;SHOES.
Children’s Gum Shoes 14cts.
Ladies Gum. Shoes 35cts,
Men's Gum Shoes 5Hdets.
Omit
We have been in business HERE 25 YEARS, but have never been able
to sell blankets as cheap as this season,
never bought blankets in such large quantities.
you want to know why ? Because we
You get them 75cts a pair
less than the regular price. Red Blankets, Gray Blankets, White Blankets,
from 58 cents a pair up to the finest all
wool Blankets,
sessevecsnssve .OUR CORSET STOCK...............
has never been so complete. Corsets and Corsets Waists for children, Corsets to fit stout
ladies, Corsets to fit tall slender ladies and nursing Corsets,
90cts. $1.00, $1.25, $1.75.
Corsets for 25, 35, 49, 65, 74,
NONE BETTER FITTING THAN OUR CELEBRATED C. P. SONNET
AND THOMPSON GLOVE FITTING CORSETS.
CONVINCE YOURSELF THAT OUR PRICES ARE THE LOWEST ANDROUR STOCK
THEZLARGEST AND THE NEWEST TO SELECT FROM IN THEJCOUNTY.
000
LYON
000
& Col
BELLEFONTE PA.
Fer THE NEXT THIRTY
DAYS ONLY,
Ranging in Price from
$7.75 up wo $10, $15, $20, $25,
mee reese,
OLD PRICES OF:
——HARNESS LEATHER.
After that time Prices will be forced to
conform with the unprecedented raise
in the cost of Harness Leather.
$400.00 WORTH OF FLY-NETS.
AT THE OLD PRICE.
Persons desiring harness and fly-nets
should buy now before the prices
adyance.
JAMES SCHOFIELD.
BELLEFONTE, PA. 3337
Illuminating Oil.
own ACME.
THE BEST
BURNING OIL
THAT CAN BE MADE
FROM PETROLEUM,
It gives a Brilliant Light.
It will not Smoke the Chimney.
It will Not Char the Wick.
It has a High Fire Test.
It does Not Explode.
It is without an equat
AS A SAFETY PAMILY OIL.
We stake our réputation as refiners that
IT ISTHE BEST OIL IN THE WORLD
Ask your dealer for it. Trade supplied by
THE ATLANTIC REFINING CO.
Bellefonte Statior,
Bellefonte, Pa.
89 37 1y
Miscellaneous Advs.
AIRY FIXTURES.—
The Cooly Creamers. :
The Latest high speed separators.
The Boss Churn, the favorite and the most
extensively used.
The Bent Wood Churn a great favorite with
many butter makers.
Butter Workers and other Dairy Fixtures.
40-45-3m McCALMONT & CO.
AT CHOPPERS AND SALT.
— Meat choppers of the latest im-
Proved pattern, which can be operated by
and, horse, steam or water power. We have
the offer of two large butchers meat choppers,
second hand, at low down price if taken i
* Sausage grinders and stuffers ot the latest
and improved styles.
SALT.—We have laid in a stock of the best
quality of salt for salting meat, as well as Rock
Salt for feeding stock ; which we sell in bar-
rels and sacks, in lots to suit pnrchasers.
40-45-3m McCALMONT & CO.
13 ere
PINK DYSPEPSIA TABLETS.
A SURZ CURE FOR
DYSPEPSIA AND INDIGESTION.
Will immediately Strengthen Stomach and
Restore Appetite. For sale by Druggists or
sent by mail on receipt of price, 50c. a box.
BAYARD DRUG CO., BALTIMORE, MD.
40-38 3m.
Pistons THO TRAVEL.
WANTED.—Several faithful gentle-
men and ladies to travel for an established
house.
SALARY $780.00 AND EXPENSES.
Position permanent if suited; also increase
State reference and enclose self-addressed
stamped envelope.
THE NATIONAL,
316-317-318 Omaha Bldg., CHICAGO.
40 21 4m
—
Fine Job Printing.
———
ue JOB PRINTING
0——A SPECIALTY-———0
AT THF
WATCHMAN o OFFICE.
There is no style of work, from the chesapes’
Dodger” to the finest
o—BOOK-WORK,—o
but you can get done in the most eatisfac tory
manner, and at
Prices consistent ‘with the class of work
by calling or communicating with this office.
Tr EU Ay. A wer tome