rossi disturbing elements that are almost . Tm Co re—r——_ ~~ ears wel a a i a ee on —————— Tr SRR Spe pr Terms 2.00 A Year, Advance Bellefonte, Pa., Nov. 29, 1895. P. GRAY MEEK, - = ° - TEpron The Coming Institute. The annual convention of the public school teachers of the county is near at band and with its approach comes the thought: will it be better than the ones held in past years? With some, of course, the lastis always best, be- cause it is the only one they carry in mind, but tor the good of the children of the county we hope every member of the institute will make such an effort that there will be no doubt as to the benefits derived from the coming £es810n. More depends cn order and intelli- gent attention than anything else. We do not know what arrangements will be made to preserve order, but certain it is that unless the court house is kept in such a condition that listeners are undisturbed there will be little use of having good instructors in attendance. No matter how zealous a teacher is in the effort to aesimilate the good things given out by instructors, if bis or her attention is diverted at all the result will not be satisfactory. While we have the greatest appreciation of the disadvantage under which the teachers ordinarily labor we feel that they are largely responsible for the condition of things that detracts’ so much from the interest of their insti tutes. If every one of the large corps of hard-worked, ~under-paid school teachers in the county would resolve to pay no attention, whatever, to the | certain to find their way into the ges- sions there would soon be an end of the trouble. Fools will not act with- out an audience and if the teachers entirely ignore this class they will be surprised, themselves, at the change it will make. : Will they do it? An awkward situation is brought about in the public schools of Phil: adeiphia by the compulsory education law. There is such a deficiency of school houses in that city that at least ten thousand children are insufficiently accommodated. The city funds are so largely absorbed by the political ring- sters that there is not enough left to provide adequate facilities for the schools. In this dilemmz, in which a large percentage of the children can’t find room in the school house, a Re publican Legislature passes a law com pelling all the children to be sent to school under severe penalty if the law is not obeerved. This situation will prove rather embarrassing. Consistency, thou art a jewel. Last Saturday evening a ball was given at the central state Normal school, at Lock Haven, and the Y.M. C. A. orchestra, of that institution, furnished the music for the dancers. We sup- pose they opened the dance with a two-step to the tune “We're marching to Zion.” If some of the robbing contract- ors, in Philadelphia, who have drawn $3.00 a day for the services of men to whom they have paid only $1.00, were to run for officein that city they would be elected, of course. The thieving old Republican organization would have to vindicate itself, you know. A recent issue of the Girard Kansas, Press 18 a sixteen page edi- tion on fine book paper. An industrial number in which the manufacturing and other advantages of Girard are set forth. The publishers are to be con- gratulated ou the excellence of the iesue. —There is no charity in indiscrim- inate giving. Always investigate the circumstances and merits of everyone to whom you would render assistance. Often times people do positive injury by giving alms to unworthy beggars. ——The rains that fell during the fore part of the week were a God-send to many parts of the country. We trust in an all-wise Providence to send us more before winter sets in. Dumas Dying. The Celebrated French Writer Afflicted With Cerebral Troubles. Paris, Nov. 25,—Alexandre Dumas, the distinguished author and play- wright, is seriougly ill. The physicians in attendance upon him, at first thought he was suffering from a violent attack of neuralgia, but later they recognized graver symptoms, The ‘Petit Parisiene’”’ gays that Dumas was seized on Saturday with cerebral congestion and that Dr. Pozzi diagnosed it as cerebral abscess. The p-tient, it 18 added, has been in a comatose condition since last evening, i all telegraphic Blizzard in the West, Chicago Feels the Force of the First Winter Gale The City for a While Isolated from the World— A Ga’’ant Rescue of the People on Board Three Vessels Cast Ashore in Lake Michigan- Four Steamers Not Heard From--Damage Done by the Storm Through Ohio and Indiana—Cold- er Weather to Follow in Its Tracks. Cuicago, Nov. 26.—A blizzard de- scended upon Chicago yesterday atter- noon. It rained and snowed and be- tween times sleet pelted down. When night came, the downpour of the mixture of snow and rain and sleet came heavier and the wind rose to a gale. The streets, the pavements and sidewalks were flooded witn slush. The storm made the pavements almost im- passable, street car traffic: was seriously interfered with, trolly lines were brok en with the weight of the snow, tele: phone and telegraph wires were born down, broken and crossed until half the wires in the city were made useless. By night all communication with the out side world was entirely cut off. To-day matters are almost as bad. Telegraph and telephone communication was not resumed until to-n.ght, the street rail- ways are scarcely able torun even at long intervals, and the streets are in a worse condition than ever. Everywhere the trains are late, the mails are delayed, and telegraph wires are down. Out on Lake Michigan noship ventures to-day. The sea is running high and the wind still blows across the water to sturdily for safety. A strict quarantine could not keep steamers and sailing vessels in port i more effectually than the fear of being swamped by the waves or blown upon the coast by the half gale that rages there still. IT TOOK ST. LOUIS WITHIN ITS SCOPE AND CUT OFF COMMUNICATION, St. Louts, Nov. 26.—The first bliz- zard of the season struck this city early last evening and continued until nearly daylight this morning. The snow fall is about 5 inches, but on account of the high winds it is badly drifted. The heavy sleet had a bad effect on tele- graph, telephone and electric light wires and the service was paralyzed. From 11 o’clock last night until 11 o’clock this morning St. Louis was cut off from communication with points East, West and North. The re- ports received so far to-night state that the blizzard extended from North Dako- ta to Texas, and from Colorado to the Atlantic ocean. Railroad traffic suffers severely and nearly all roads report trains from one to tour hours late. It is feared that the storm will cause great havoc in the territories and in Texas. DAMAGE IN OHIO TOWNS, CincINNATTI, Nov. 26.—At Dela- ware, fences, trees and small buildings were blown down, and the people ter- rorized by the swaying of their houses. A side of the City hall tower was blown in. At Blanchester walls that were left standing after the recent conflagra- tion were leveled to the ground. One of them crashed thropgh Snyder & An- derson’s new bardware building. The roof of the Caraban block was blown off. At Middletown, the Miami Bicy- cle company’s building was damaged. At Oxford, the new Cincinnati, Hamil- ton and Dayton passenger depot was nearly demolished. The roofs of the Methodist church and town hall were damaged. At Springfield part of the roof of the Superior Drill company building was blown away. Windows in the City hall were broken. The pas- senger station at Terra Alta, on the Cincinnati, Lebanon and Northern railroad, was lifted from its foundation and wrecked. At Columbus the worst damage by the storm was to buildings in course of construction, several of whick were blown down. > MUCH LOS8 IN INDIANA. IxpianapoLis, Nov. 26.—A severe wind storm prevailed in Indianapolis last night, doing much damage. At Elwood the casting hall and one fur- nace of the Pittsburg plate glass plant was demolished, nearly killing two men ; loss, $10,000. At Frankton the new window glaee factory was unroof- ed, three business houses demolished and the pumpingstation of the Indian- apolisjgas company demolished. The loss will exceed $25,000. At Alexandria the roof of the sheet mill was lifted off and the main part of the machine shops destroyed. The postoffice equare was unroofed and the American plate glass plant destroyed. At Anderson the new church of the United Brethren was demolished and a bridge blown down. The Pan Handle passenger train at midnight was delayed two bours by a tree falling on the bridge and smashing part of it. At Franklin the storm blew down shade trees and small buildings all oyer the city, but the greatest damage was done to the new City hall building. The best part of the structure was blown in, and the south wall is level with the ground. The loss is $10,000. Reports indicate that the storm in Northern Indiana was very severe and did considerable damage, especially to telephone and telegraph wires. The Lake Shore tracks near Dunham were blocked by talling wires, and it was only after sev- eral hours’ work that traffic could be resumed. INCIDENTS OF THE GALE. The wind blew at the speed of 60 miles an hour at Niagara Falls, and carried the water in the lower river up seven feet. The steamer Allmendinger was blown ashore at Fox Point, Lake Michigan, 15 miles north of Milwaukee. Her crew of nine men were rescued. Twelve inches of snow fell at Port Huron, Mich., and the wind reached &- velocity of 70 miles an hour. The water in the St. Clair river was lower- ed a foot and 18 inches up current, something that ‘had not happened in many years, Lumber Men are Hopeful. WiLrLiamsporT, Pa., Nov. 25.—Lum ber men hope that the present rain will produce sufficient flood to bring in the rear drive of 40,000,000 feet of. logs. A 4-foot splash will be broken on the Lock Haven dam to-morrow, bringing in 5,000,000 feet. A flood means a saving of $25,000, the amount and it ie believed he is dying. it would cost to bank the logs. Massacre of Armenians. A Graphic Avcount by an Armenian of the Recent Slaughter Perpetrated in Constanti- nople. Concorp, N. H., Nov. 26 —Harop C. Maggarian, a young Armenian, who has just arrived in this city, tells a graphic story of the recent massacre in Constantinople, which resulted in the killing and maiming of some 140 of his countrymen by the Turkish policemen and soldiers. He says: “My home is in Harpool and [ was in Constantinople as the guest of an Armenian from Palu, a city on the Euphrates river, who went there for the purpose of trading. We were stopping in a massive stone building, the headquarters of all Armenians when in the city. This is located in Istam- boul and at the time of the massacre ‘was crowded with my countrymen. There had been no trouble with the au- thorities and we had not the least warn- ing of approaching events. On the morning of the day of the massacre my friend and myself with several other Armenians were standing in front of the inn conversing when a policeman came along fully armed. Of course we naturally looked at him. This ap- peared to anger him and calling one of the party aside he asked if anything “was wanted of him. ASSAULTED WITH KICKS AND BLOWS. “The man replied that nothing was wanted ; that he was merely looking, whereupon the policeman assaulted him with kicks and blows. The Armenian naturally objected, but the only resistance offered on his part was to seize the officer's arms. While en- deavoring thus to hold him another officer putin an appearance and shot the Armenian dead. 7 “This was a signal, for ecarcely had the ecoes of the shot died away when an ambulance dashed up for the body and the entire equare was filled with soldiers, who immediately opened fire on every Armenian in sight, Im- mediately on the firing of the first shot my companion and myself ran inside the building and barred the massive iron doors. We were safe, but through the windows of the building were eye witnesses of the horrible butchery of our countrymen, who were totally un- prepared to make the least resistance, and were shot down like dogs. MAESACRE CONTINUED BIX HOURS, “‘For six hours the massacre con- tinued and then it stopped only because the work of killing the helpless Chris- taing had been well and thoroughly done. Throughout we were in con- stant fear of our lives. Assault after assault was made upon the building, but it proved too strong, and the at- tempts were at length abandoned. In that attack 140 Armenians were killed and injured. As they fell they were immediately carried away in the am- bulance, and when all was over the Turkish firemen were called out, and with their hose washed away every vestige of blood from the pavements and destroyed all traces of the mon- strous crime. “The escape of myeelf and compan- ion8 was miraculous, and was owing to the fact that we were dressed in cos- tumes similar to the Turks, and they did not discover that we were not of that nationality until we had reached the doorway of the building. ‘In the, building we were confined for ten days, pever daring to show our heads, Finally through the interven- tion of the foreign consuls we were graoted a limited amount of protection and freedom. ESCAPED TO AMERICA. “Waiting until the excitement had died out, myself and six others bribed 2 Turish policeman by the payment of seven Turkish pounds to escort usto a steamer, on which we made our escape to this country. “It was the old story of oppression of the Armenians by the Turks, which has continued for the past 300 years. Angered by outside interference and the assembling of a foreign fleet within striking distance of Constantinople they are wreaking their vengenance on us. They publish to the world that we are the aggressors in all cases and it is time the world understood the na- ture of that claim. They drive us to the last extremity, and, when we turn to protest, we are shot down and the statement goes out. from the Turkish officials that the Armenian struck the first blow, as it did in justification of the Constantinople massacre. We are Christians. We refuse to accept Mo- hammedanism. We demand the right to worship God as our consciences dic- tate. For that Armenians are shot down our crops destroyed, our homes ruined.” Slaughter of the Seals. About 32,000 Females Killed by Pelagic Sealers and 27,000 Pups are Found Dead. W asHINGTON, Nov. 25.—The revenue cutter Bear, the last government veesel to leave Behring sea this fall, brought some startling evidence of the effect of pelagic sealing upon the Pribylow or Seal islands. In accordance with the findings of the Paris arbitration com, miesion. schooners are now permitied to bunt seals in Bebring sea with spears in a zonesixly miles around the island after the lst of August. This gives them about five weeks of good sealing. It was thought that confining sealing schooners to spears and reduc- ing the season to practically five or six weeks would puta stop to the slaughter in Behring sea and allow the herd to recuperate. This year not less than sixty schooners began hunting in Behring sea on Aug. 1, and captured nearly 40,000 pelts, about 80 per cent. of which were from females. This, however, does not show the full extent of the injury done. The seal pups are dependent on their moth- ers’ milk for the first four or five months of their existence, and without it the little creatures must suffer the linger. ing death of starvation. Acting under instructions of their respective super- iors, both resident treasury officers and agents of the North American Com. mercial company made a careful count of the dead pups found at the close of the season , when the sealers had left the sea. The census, which was just completed when the Bear left, reached 27,000. It did not include those in the last stages of starvation. The same condition prevailed lasi year, but the count was made with less exactness, on account of snow. The actual pecuniary loss to the United States and the commercial world by this waste of animal life will reach hundreds ot thousands of dollars. The Unpited States, which has never allowed the molestation of seals on breeding grounds, or the killing of females on land, made a puny effort last year to stay the slaughter going on by limiting the land killing to 15,000 immature seals, but, as this simply gave the hunters so much additional prey, it is questionable if. in the light of existing conditions and the reports of treasury officials, further restraint will be exercised, especially asa re- quest made last January by the United States to Great Britain, for greater pro- tection to the seals, has been practical- ly ignored. . A Paper That Goes Ahead of All Every Day. Since the reduction of its price The Pittsburg Dispatch always one of the most popular and successful newspa- pers of the United States, has had im- mense gratifying results in two direc- tions. Many thousands of new sub- scribers have been added to its lists, and hundreds are being added daily, while every day shows the purpose of the publishers to make The Dispatch, if possible, brighter, newsiér and better was no idle boast. There aré very few newspapers in the United States that can now compare with The Dispatch in variety, volume or accuracy of its news, or in quality of its paper or printing ; and none such between New York and Chicago. At 10 cents per week, delivered by carrier, The Dis- patch is at once the cheapest and best article on earth. It contains so much news of all sorts not given by other papers a8 to pay for itself many times cover to all classes of readers. ADDITIONAL LOCALS. ——The Milton car works is crowded with=orders. ——J. H. Frank, of Millheim, re- cently butchered two hogs that dressed 10641bs. foot ball game has been postponed until December 7th. ——Mise Carrie Imel, of Milesburg, is not expected to survive much longer. She has consumption. ——A valuable bull, owned by Luth_ er Guisewhite, of Aaronsburg, bled to death after it had been dehorned. ——Pine Creek isso low that P. S. Moyer has been forced to get an engine to drive his lumber mill on that stream. ——Men’s all wool cheviot suits, at Lyon & Co’s. at $4.75. ——A large black dog that had been killing sheep in the vicinity of Union. ville lately was shot the other day by cne of the owners of some of its prey. ~— The marriage of Mr. Irvin Wise, of Zion, and Miss Maize Biddle, of Union county, was consummated yes- terday. The young couple will reside at Zion. : ——John C. Bloom slid 4,000,000 feet of lumber out of Medix run, Clin- ton county, within the past two years. Most of the time he used oil on the slides. ——A boy’s fine chinchilla storm a) for $4, worth $5.50, at Lyon lo’s. ——There is not enough business in Chester Hill to support a justice, so "Squire Houck, of that place, runs a meat market in connection with his legal dispensary. : ——Successful advertisers use Rem- ington’s county seat lists. They in- clude the best towns and best papers. We can recommend them highly: Send to Remington brothers, New York, for copy. ——Men’s nobby hats, in black and brown, at 99 cts. $1.24, $1.39, $1.74 and upwards at Lyon & Co's. ——David Hughes, a young Phil- ipsburger, employed at Colorado mineg near that place, has been informed that the recent death of a relative in Wales has made him heir to $30,000. If he: gets it he might be induced to invest in that electric street rail-way that they have over there. : ——The prospects for the third well of the Salt Lick oil and gas company are good. Hon. J. H. Holt has raised four hundred dollars for the project. The members of the company are quite san- guine but not sanguine enough to tum-= ble over each other in their efforts to put up their money. ——All the new weaves in dress goods, boucle crepons, at Lyon & Co's. ——The Northwestern Miller ad vises all millers, using the patent roller proc- ess, not to pay the penalty of $100 that has recently been demanded by a claim- antwho says the process is an infringe- ment on his patent. The Miller backs its advice by the statement that a western judge has thrown the case out of court. ——The hotel Lafayette, in Philadel- phia, will be reopened, on Wednesday evening, December fourth. The new manager, Mr, Louis H. Smith, will re. ceive from eight until ten o'clock. The hotel has been remodeled throughout. ——On the pretext of fixing the wheel on her buggy a man induced Mrs. Hamburger to stop near Jersey 8hore, a few days ago. After the stranger bad fixed the supposed break Mrs. H. drove on, but when she reached her bome she found he had taken & number of store packages from the back of her buggy. ——The largest assortment of men’s dress overcoats, that can be found in the State, from $8.50 to $18 a piece, at Lyon & Co's. —Hon. A. P. MacDonald, post- master at Altoona, died Friday after- noon, after an illness of five weeks with ancemia of the brain. Deceased was an ex-Legislator, a consistent Methodist and & member of many secret organiza- tions in that city. He had many friends who will regret to hear of his demise. ——Bishop Nicolaus, of the Greek Catholic church, was a recent visitor to Philipsburg. He had business in that place in connection with the new church, recently built at Chester Hill. Bishop N. S. Rulison, of the Episcopal church happened to be there at the same time and Mrs. John A, Mull, who enter- tained the latter, invited the Russian prelate to spend Sunday with him at her home; but urgent business made him forego the pleasure he assured her it would have given him. ——A lot of boy's winter caps, a broken assortment, will go at 15 cents at Lyon & Co’s. They are worth double the price. --J. S. Bennett, who was brought to jail here last week, is a Philipsburg liv- eryman. Last August he and his wife agreed to separate because of trouble that arose when she accused him of pay- ing too mach attention to other women. Mrs. Bennett took her three children and went to her parents’ home at Bell- wood, where she is supposed to have ap- plied for a divorce. On the strength of these circumstances Bennett thought himself free and began paying attention to Barbara Mayer, a daughter of Adam Mayer, a rich German of that place. The two are reported to have been mar- ried in- Pittsburg, a few days ago, and the old man promptly had Bennet ar- rested for adultery and forgery. He was committed in default of $4,000 bail. ——You can buy as good a cloth lady’s cape at Lyon & Co’s. for $3.50 as you pay $4.50 for elsewhere. FREIGHT WRECK AT HANNAH. — Seven or eight coal cars were piled up on the Bald Eagie valley railroad tracks near Hannah Furnace, Wednesday night, and the night passenger train did not arrive here until after midnight. BoLp ROBBERY AT MADISONBURG, —A bold thief entered the house of David Shaffer, of Madisonburg, one day last week, and stole a pocket book out of a trunk, up stairs, containing $9.65 in silver belonging to his daughter Sallie Shaffer ; also $25.00 in bills out of his son’s vest pocket in an adjoining room, and a good silver watch bought of G. M. Keller, Aug. 12, 1891, in Lock Haven. Description of watch as follows Rockford adjusted movement. Num- ber of movement 322,767. Number of case 1,642,424. I hereby notify all jewelers and pawn- brokers to look and watch for said watch- A reward of $10 will be paid by S. G. Shaffer. FraNk MILLER RETURNED YEs- TERDAY. — Yesterday morning Frank Miller, colored, arrived at his home here, after several week’s sojourn at the Medico-Chirurgical hospital in Philadel. phia. He got off the train and walked up street, a trifle thinner than when he left but apparently well. There was a great change on him, however, that monstrous tumorous growth on his neck was no where to be seen and the wound made in removing it was nearly healed up. He had undergone an operation that was highly successful and the great growth is removed. Frank is a very happy man and has every reason to be. MARRIAGE *L1cENSES.—Following is the list of marriage licenses granted by orphans’ court clerk, G. W. Rumber- ger, during the past week : James Summers, of Benner township, and Katie Gingerich,of Spring township. H.D. Wise, of Zion, and Mary E. Biddle, of Cowan. James C. Jackson and Annie M. Bryan, both of Spring Mills James C. Derr, of Spring township, and Kate Boyer, of Bellefonte. Edwin O. Barnes, of Parvin, and Catherine Detweiler, of Aaronsburg. Waiter F. Baney, and Fannie Curns, both of Bellefonte. John Reynolds and Nora J. Roller, both of Philipsburg. Clayton S. Musser sand Carrie A. Limbert, both of Haines township. Wm. H. Brown, of Mt. Eagle, and Katie McCummings, of Howard. SxowED UNDER.—The , Bellefonte High school foot ball eleven left here in a hack, last Friday night, and drove to Philipsburg, where they had been sched- uled to play the High school eleven of that towa the next day. The ride over there certainly could not have been a very delightful one, in the coid drizzling rain, but it must have been very much more enjoyable than the return trip, for the boys were snow- ed under by the scorg ef 52 to 0. They arrived here, Sunday morning, very much broken up and indeed it is a wonder that a number of them are not sick in bed. Such trips are enough to exbaust most anyone, but the foot ball players can stand most anything. ——Lyon & Co. are selling a special bargain in ladies kid gloves at 75 and 85 cents, worth $1 and $1.25 per pair. WILD GEESE ON THE STREETS.—T he wild geese are making their annual flight southward for winter and while it is not such an unusual thing to hear them screaming, as they pass over the town, and even catch an occasional glimpse of what might be mistaken for a large ribbon of some sort driven in a V shape by an upper strata of air, people do get excited when wild geese are seen walking around on our streets. About 2 o'clock Monday morning Billy Wooden was on his way from his home in Milesburg to begin his regular tarn at the Valéntine rolling mill. All the way up he heard geese cackling and thought, at once, from the rainy, windy atmosphere, that they must be wild. When he reached John Roundtree’s store, near the Phenix mill, he discov- ered onesitting on the ground under the arc light. On trying to catch it the goose fluttered around until it got be- yond the blinding rays of the light and then escaped. George Case, another mill man, saw one on Water street while he was going to work and Dennis Mushau had quite a chase after a large one that was strand- edin the “Diamond.” He didn’t catch it. It is supposed that they were drawn down by the brilliant light from the flushing at the furnace. Some of the mill men turned the incident into a practical joke by telling one of their fellows, who is a little superstitious, that the goose they saw was Bill Hanna’s" spirit come back to visit him. Bill was burned to death out in Ohio several days ago. ——See our swell, English cut over- coats, in blue and black Kerseys, from $7.50 up. Matchless in quality, style and price. END oF THE YEAR WEATHER A LA FosTErR.—My last bulletin gave fore- casts of the storm wave to cross the con- tinent from the 28th to Dec. 2nd, and the next will reach the Pacific coast about Dec. 3rd, cross the west of Rockies coun- try by the close of the 4th, great central valleys, from the 5th to 7th, and the eastern States the 8th. This disturbance will probably cause the warmest weath- or of the month, and for the whole of the United States the precipitation will average below normal, heavy rains and snows falling only in limited localities- The warm wave will cross the west of the Rockies country about the 2nd, great great central valleys the 5th, and the eastern States the 7th. Cool wave will cross the west of Rockies country about the 6th, great central valleys the 8th and eastern States the 10th. 5 December temperature will average below normal east, and above normal west of the Rocky mountain ridge. Within each of these divisions. more particularly east of the Rockies, locali- ties will materially differ in average temperature. Draw a line from Bismarck to New Orleans, and thence to Charleston, S, C., and you will have the center of the cold path, on either side of which will occur the greatest below average temper- ature departures for the coming month. The temperature departures are expect- ed to average lowest at Winnipeg, Du- buque, Chicago, ‘Kansas City, Fort Wayne, San Antonio, New Orleans, Atlanta, Charleston and intermediate points. The Ohio valley will average below, but not so much as the other points named. The lower lakes, Penn- sylvania, New York and New England States will average below, but while there will be periods ot very cold weath- er, the average will not be very much below. Rainfall for December will be a little above normal east of the Rockies and below on the Pacific slope. The lower Missouri valley will get moet, the Ohio valley, southern Florida, western Texas, the east of Rockies arid countries, upper Missouri and Red River of the North valleys least rain. On the At- lantic coast about an average rainfall may “be expected, heaviest in Maine, Massachusetts and in the vicinity of Philadelphia. The upper Mississippi valley and upper lakes will get average rainfall, and in all the northern States, east of the Rockies, the precipitation will be principally in thesform of snow. The coldest weather of the month will follow the storm wave due to cross the continent from the 16th to 20th.