Demorralit Wacom
Bellefonte, Pa., March 22, 1895.
Farm Notes.
—Peas have already been planted in
some sections of the country around
Philadelphia for an early supply.
—Now is the time, before the plants
begin to start off, to apply potash and
superphosphate to the strawberry
plants. The nitrates can go ona little
later.
—A crop of early peas may be got-
ten out of the way in time to allow of
a later crop of the same kind, or the
peas may be followed by cabbage. po-
tatoes, turnips or beans.
—The best way to dispose of coal
ashes is to use them on the walkways
and paths. They soon make a hard
surface. For filling up of holes on the
road they are excellent, and it will pay
to collect them for such use.
—1In all Michiganit is found that
pasturing off the first growth of red
clover, is the best preparation for a
crop of seed. It is pastured off close
until the 10th or 15th of June and
then allowed to produce a crop of seed.
—If the lawn is thin give it an appli-
cation of wood ashes and finely-ground
bone. Seed it with blue grass and
white clover, or try the lawn grass
mixtures. About the middle of April
give an application of nitrate of soda
or sulphate of ammonia.
—In the central lattitudes the crape
myrtle, one of the most beautiful of
late summer blooming shrubs, is quite
hardy. What this and many other
partly tender plants require is protec-
tion for a year or two in winter until
they become large; afterward they
need no protection.
—Do not turn the stock on the pas-
ture too soon. Give the grass an op-
portunity to get a start and make
growth. The feet of the animals do
damage, and sheep graze very close to
the ground. The pasture will be more
serviceable by allowing the grass an
opportunity to grow.
—The late-flowering wild azalea,
taken from the woods in spring, prun-
ed in and well mulched for the summer
flourishes well in any good garden sit-
uation. It blooms in June and July,
and is the most sweet-scented of them
all. The blossoms are white, and stay
out in their beauty a long time.
—Mixed food always gives better re-
sults than a single diet. Corn is the
staple food for nearly all classes of
stock, but corn is deficient in lime, and
is not suitable for growing stock unless
fed in connection with some other
kinds of foods. Mixed food affords a
variety, and is consequently more
highly relished.
—Seed should be covered. It is true
that clover seed, sown on the surface
of the ground, grows and makes a good
stand sometimes, but it is safe to claim
that the large portion of the seed never
germinates and is lost. If grass seed
is to be sown on lawns the surface
should be scratched with a harrow,
seeded and rolled.
—Rye and crimson clover are said to
be crops that require no land if they
are turned under the soil, because they
are seeded in the fall, remain on the
ground during the winter, and are out
of the way in time for planting the
spring crops, occupying the land at a
season of the year when nothing else
. can be grown upon it.
—All plants require food and drink.
If either is lacking the plant will not
thrive. Poor land cannot produce
good crops, because it cannot provide
sufficient food. Weeds require water,
and if not kept down they take from
the crop, during seasons when moisture
is not abundant, the water 80 necessary
for the success of the crop.
—The wheat field should be rolled
after a heavy frost, so as to press the
plants into the soil if they have been
thrown up. Where a field is some-
what damp from insufficient drainage,
and heavy frosts occur, the plants are
liable to be thrown up until their roots
are exposed. The roller should be put
on the field as soon as the condition of
the soil will permit.
—Mix the horse manure and cattle
manure in the same heap, and use a
liberal supply of muck, dry dirt, litter,
or marl to absorb the liquids. Should
the heap begin to heat spread it out,
throw water or urine on it, and more
absorbent material and heap it again.
This creates work, but it will make
the manure more valuable than if it
receives no care.
—March and April are excellent
months for the sows to farrow. If the
young pigs are kept in a warm place,
80 a8 not to allow them to be chilled,
they will grow very rapidly by the
time they are weaned and have warm
weather before them. The spring pigs
that are carefully attendsd to, so as to
start off well, will be nearly as large at
the end of the year as the pigs that are
farrowed in the tall,
—Cut back the rose bushes so as to
get more new wood. They can stand
considerable ehortening and will be
bevefitted thereby. Rose bushes will
not thrive on grass plots. They must
be on rich land and kept clean of grass
and weeds, while the =o0il should be
loosened slightly on the surtace occa-
sionally. They ghould not be cultivat-
ed too much. Simply keep the ground
clean.
—Get the new strawberry land in
condition. New beds should have the
plants in position before April 15, if
possible, so as to give thew the spring
in which to get a start and become
well established before the dry season
sets in. A week or two is quite an ad-
vantage with strawberries, After
plowing the land and harrowing it
well, apply wood ashes and ground
bone, and then harrow it again before
putting out the new plants,
RI TTI BR in
It Was Butter.
Chemical Analysis of the Alleged Butterine
Awarded Prizes at the State Dairymen’s Asso-
ciation, Held at Meadville Recently, Shows
That It was Butter.
At the Twenty-first Annual Meeting
of the Pennsylvania State Dairymen’s
Association held in Meadville, Feb. 6,
7 and 8, 1895, the undersigned were ap-
pointed a commtttee to judge the butter
on exhibition and award the prizes of-
fered by the Association. In the two
classes, viz., the one pound package and
the five pound package, there were
twenty-three entries including one entry
in each class made by Mr. A. J. Palm,
editor of the Meadville Messenger in the
names of A. P. White and W. R. Fisk,
of Sheakleyville, Pa., and S. H. Dunn,
of Hadley, Pa., whom Mr. Palm claim-
ed to be representing.
After the committee had examined
the exhibits with reference to flavor,
texture, color and salt, in the form and
manner customary in such cases, and
reported its score, and after the samples
had been removed by the exhibitors and
the Association had adjourned,
statement was made public through the
medium of the daily press that the pack-
ages entered as butter by Mr. Palm, in
the name of these local da‘ry men, were
butterine, procured from Chicago for
exhibition as butter.
The committee had awarded second
prize in the one pound class and third
prize in the five pound class to these
packages. At the suggestion of the
Committee, George H. St. John, Sec-
retary of the Association, procured from
Mr. Palm a sample of the packages
whose genuineness was questioned, and
this sample was sent to The Pennsyl-
vania State College Agricultural Ex-
periment Station by express, under seal,
for chemical analysis.
Relating to this sample, Mr. Palm
wrote Professor H. J. Waters, under
date of February 15, as follows :
“Professor St. John asked me for a
sample to send you and I took a part of
the roll on which a premium was award-
ed. If he sends you the sample I gave
him, and I have no fears that he will
not, you will have no difficulty in de-
ciding by a chemical test that it is but-
terine. I have both original packages
with the marks of the instrument in get-
ting a sample, so there is no chance for
any final difference of opinion on the
question as to what it 1s. [Signed]
“A, J. PATm.”
The affidavit of George H. St. John,
hereto attached, to theeffect that he per-
sonally delivered the sample furnished
him by Mr. Palm to the Wells Fargo
Express Company to be forwarded un-
der seal to Professor Waters, leaves no
possible doubt as to the identity and
correctness of the sample received by
the Experiment Station. This sample
was delivered to Dr. William Frear,
Chemist of the State Board of Agricul-
ture and of the Experiment Station,
with the seal unbroken, as witnessed by
his affidavit herewith presented.
A careful chemical analysis was made
under the personal supervision of Dr.
Frear, and the result as compared with
the accepted standard composition of
pure butter, butterine and oleomar-
garine, is shown in the table :
Equivalent
Curd
Melting Point
Deg. Centigrade
Saponification
Volatile
Fatty Acids
Pure Butter |29,35 |236,5-260 7|15,0 36-4] 19-478
Mepdvilie or 0 9
ample 34,1 (256, y
Butterine 34,40 [274,200 |0,4-8,6 (74.1,82
Olectndiger 34,40 [274,200 [0,7 62
ne
It will be seen that the sample in
question, known as the Meadville sam-
ple, agrees in composition with butter
and differs essentially from either but-
terine or oleomargarine.
The most distinctive and infallible
test for artificial butter and adulterations
is the content of volatile fatty acids,
which, while varying widely in pure
butter when made from individual cows
or under special conditions of feed, ete.,
appears to be fairly constant for the
pure commercial product made under
average conditions. The range under
these circumstances may, perhaps, be
safely placed at from 20 to 28. Tt will
be seen that the Meadville sample oc-
cupies an intermediate position, stand-
ing at 25.6, while commercial butterine
has a maximum content of only 8.6
and oleomargarine, 7
The next most decisive test is the
saponification equivalent, which has a
range in pure butter of 236.7 to 260.7.
The Meadville sample is within the
range, standing at 256.7, and is too low
for either of the artificial materials,
which stand at from 274-290.
In melting point and per cent. of
curd, the analyzed sample is clearly
within the limit of pure butter, al-
though, since the introduction of cotton-
seed meal and other new dairy feeds,
the Experiment Station tests have shown
that the melting point of herd butter 1s
not infrequently raised to 40 degrees.
This is not, therefore, so conclusive &
test for artificial butters as it was for-,
merly thought to be.
It is evident from these resuits that
the manufacturers of butterine from
whom the packages were obtained by
Myr. Palm for exhibition, furnished but-
ter instead of butterine as charged.
Signed,
JouN C. McCLINTOCK,
A.L. WaLses,
H.J. WATERS.
Affidavit of George H. St. John, relat-
ing to the correctness and genuine-
ness of the sample sent for analysis.
1, George H. St. John, Secretary of
the Pennsylvania State Dairymen’s
Association, hereby certify that on the
thirteenth day of February, 1895, I pro-
cured from A. J. Palm, of Meadvilie,
Pennsylvania, a sample of the material
entered by him in the name of S. H.
Dunn for exhibition as butterat the
annual meeting of the said Dairyman’s
Association at Meadville, Pennsyl-
vania, held on the sixth, seventh and
eighth days of February of the year
written above.
1 further affirm and swear that the
same sample secured from A. J. Palm,
was by me personally sealed and deliv-
ered to the Wells-Fargo Express Com-
pany at their office in Meadville, ad-
dressed and consigned to H. J. Waters,
| State College, Pennsylvania, and to my
best knowledge and belief said sample
the |
was duly forwarded by said express
company. [Signed, ]
GEorGE H. St. JOHN.
Subscribed and sworn before me this
fourth day of March A. D,, 1895.
Mires W.,TATE,
Notary Public, Meadville, Pa.
[sEAL]
Affidavit of Dr. Wm. Frear relating to
the Composition of the sample ana-
lyzed.
I, William Frear, Chemist of The
Pennsylvania State College Agricul
tural Experiment Station, certify that 1
received a sealed express package mark-
ed “from G. H. St. John, Meadville,
Pennsylvania,” containing a substance
resembling butter, which I personally
opened and prepared.
I further certify that the usual and
customary chemical analysis of the
same was conducted under my personal
supervision, and that the complete and
full results of such analysis are; Melt-
ing point, 34.1 degrees centigrade ;
saponification equivalent. 256.7; vola-
tile fatty acids, 25.6 ce. ; curd., 9 per
cent. [Signed, ]
WiLLiAM FREAR.
Subscribed and sworn before me this
first day of March A. D., 1895.
ALBERT Hoy, J. P.
State College, Pa.
A Kindly Warning.
A little girl in this city, in saying her
prayers the other night, was told to
pray for her father and mother, who are
both very ill and for one of the servants
who had lost her husband. She did as
instructed, and concluded her petition
with these words: “And now, O God,
take good care of yourself, because if
anything should happen to you we
would ali go to pieces. Amen.”
—— Astronomers say that on Good
Friday next, April 12, the heavenly
bodies which gravitate round the sun
will be in exactly the same position they
occupied in the firmament the day
Christ died on the cross. It will be the
first time such a thing has occurred
since that great day, just 1,862 years
ago. That was the thirty-third year of
the Christian era, which dates from the
birth of Jesus Christ. At 11:20 p. m.,
on April 11, New York time, the moon
will pass before Virginis (Spica), and
hide that constellation for over an hour.
Business Notice.
Children Cry or Pitcher’s Castoria.
When baby was sick, we gave her Castoria,
When she was a Child, she cried for Castoria,
When she became Miss, she clung to Castoria,
When she had Children, she gave them
A Small Youth’s Retort.
The pompous schoolmaster some-
times finds himself in a position which
1s not entirely to his taste. A great
Eoglish wit, Mark Lemon, once wrote
a book in which he told of a chubby-
faced little urchin who passed his con-
ceited instructor upon the street with-
out bowing. The schoolmaster stop-
ped and frowned.
“What has become of your manners
sir 2’ he roared. “It seems to me that
you are better fed than taught.” !
“Yes, sir,” replied the little boy.
“That's because you teaches me ; but
I feeds myself, sir.” .
——Chamberlain’s Cough Remedy
gives the best satisfaction of any cough
medicine I handle, and as a seller leads
all other preparations in this market. I
recommend it because it isthe best med-
icine I ever handled for coughs, colds
and croup. A. W. Baldridge, Millers-
ville, Ill. For sale by F. P. Green.
Medical.
ASTHMA,
DISTRESSING COUGH,
SORE JOINTS AND MUSCLES.
DESPAIRED OF RELIEF.
CURED BY
AYER'S CHERRY PECTORAL
“Some time since, I had a severe at-
tack of asthma, accompanied with a
distressing cough and a general sore-
ness of the joints and muscles. I con-
sulted physicians and tried various
remedies, but without gettihg any re-
lief, until I despaired of ever being
well again. Finally, I took Ayer’s
Cherry Pectoral, and in a very short
time, was entirely cured. I can, there-
fore, cordially and confldently com-
mend this medicine to all.””—J. Ros-
ELLs, Nictoria, Texas.
“My wife had a very troublesome
cough. She used Ayer’s Cherry Pecto-
ral and procured immediatejrelief.”’—
G. H. Roperick, Humphreys, Ga.
AYER'S CHERRY PECTORAL
The only Cure Admitted
Castoria. 38-43-2y WORLD'S FAIR
Chicago, 1893.
Why not get the i ? 39-17-1
Printing. Printing.
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—fAT THE WATCHMAN OFFICE]-
Sechler & Co.
Saddlery.
QECHLER & CO.——*
GROCERS—BUSH HOUSE BLOCK.
——HEAD QUARTERS FOR—
FINE GROCERIES, TEAS,
SPICES AND FRUITS
IN TEAS we have Oolongs, Gun-Pow-
der, Imperial, Young Hyson, Japan
English Breakfast, and our Fine Blend-
ed Tea is something that will please any
one who appreciates a cup of Royal Tea.
IN SPICES, Cinnamon, Cloves, Al
spice, Nutmeg, Mace, Ginger, Cayennt
Pepper, Mustard all strictly pure goods,
IN COFFEES AND CHOCCLATE,
Mocha—genuine, Java—Old Govern
ment, Rio— Finest Brazilian. All ex-
cellent quality and always fresh roasted.
Baker's Premium Chocolate and Break-
fast Cocoa, Van Houten's Cocoa, Wil-
bur’s Chocolate, ‘and German Sweet
Chocolate.
IN COOKING EXTRACTS we keep
a line of Joseph Burnett & Co's, (Bos-
ton) goods, they are the finest we can
find, also a line of Knight's extracts.
BEANS, California Limas, New York
ae and Pea Beans, dried Green
eas.
RICE New Crop Carolina Head Rice.
DOMESTIC CANNED FRUITS
AND VEGETABLES, ToMATOES
Cottage, Home and Worthington Brands
—CoRrN Persian and Mountain Brands,
—CorN Granules, Lima Beans and
Succotash, Dew Drop brand. GREEN
Pras, Early Junes, Scottish chief and
Cecelia brands. PiNe APPLE sliced and
grated, Strawberries and White Cher-
ries, Dew Drop brand. Boston Baked
Beans.
CALIFORNIA CANNED FRUITS,
Yellow Crawford, Lemon Cling, and
White Heath Peaches, White. Cherria
and Apricots.
IMPORTED VEGETABLES AN1
FRUITS, French Peas and Mush-
rooms, Preserved Cherries, Straw-
berries, Brandy Cherries and Crosse
Blackwell's Jams all in glass.
MISCELLANEOUS, Pure Maple
Syrup, Honey strained and in combs,
Plum Pudding, Armour’s Corned Beef
Potted Tongue and Ham, Condensed
milk, Dunham's Shred Cocoa nut.
Rich Mild Cream Cheese, Small Family
Cheese, Bradford County Dairy But-
ter.
Buckwheat Flour, Corn Flour, Gluten
Flour, Vienna Flour.
Fine Confectioners and Cut Loaf Sucars
Extra Fine New Crop New Or .eans
Syrups, Pure White Sugar Table
Syrup, Pure Cider Vinegar.
NUTS, Princess Paper Shell, Califor
nia and Bordan Almonds, Assorted
Nuts, English Walnuts, Pecans extra
large, Cream Nuts, Fresh Roasted
Peanuts, Cocoa Nuts extra quality.
IN CONFECTIONARY, we haw
Fine Mixtures, Cream Chocolates
Roast Almonds, Cream Dates, Ros
and Vanilla, Jordon Almonds, Frencl
Glace Fruits, Fine Chocolate Caramels
Chocolate Marsh Mallows, Cocoa Nw
bon bons, Chocolate Madridos, Lozenges,
Clear Toys, and a large assortment of
fine ns in this line all carefully se-
lected.
FRANQOO AMERICAN SOUPS,
French Bouillon, Consomme, Ox Tail,
Mock Turtle, Mulligatawny, and
Terrapin.
OLIVE OIL, S. Rea. § Cos} Pint,
Pints and Quarts. The finest ana-
lysis in the World pronounces it pure.
PICKLES IN GLASS, Crasse ¢§
Blackwell's Chow Chow, Gherkins,
Mixed, White Onions, Cauliflower,
Picalilli, and Walnuts.
CEREAL GOODS. Oat Meal, Rolled
Oat, Cracked Wheat, Pearl Barley,
Breakfast and Dinner Hominy, Ma-
carom and Vermacceli.
MEATS. Fine Sugar Cured Hams,
Breakfast Bacon and Dried Beef,
White Rose Lard.
GREEN FRUITS, Florida Oranges,
Messina Lemons, White Almeria
Grapes, Catawba Grapes, and Jersey
Cranberries. .
CURED FRUITS. Evaporated Cali-
Jornia Pared and unpared Peaches,
and Apricots.
RAISINS, Imperial Cluster, Fine Lay-
ers, Ondaras, Valencias, Sultana and
California Seedless and Loose Mu»
catels.
FISH. New Mackerel very fine, Qodfish
boneless and evaporated, SALMO
Magnolia, Astoria and Glacier brand
Hoeg’s Spiced Salmon, Shrimps, Leb
sters, Crab Meats and Spiced Oysters
Sardines, French s, and 3s Boneless.
SECHLER & CO.
38-1 BELLEFONTE, Pa.
SCHOFIELD NEW
HARNESS HOUSE
We extend a most cordial invitation to our
patrons and the public, in general, to witness
one of the
GRANDEST DISPLAY OF
Light and Heavy Harness
ever put on the Bellefonte market, which will
be made in the large room, formerly occupied
by Harper Bros., on Spring street. It has been
added to my factory and will be used exclu-
sively for the sale of harness, being the first
exclusive salesroom ever used in this town, as
heretofore the custom has been to sell goods
in the room in which they were made. This
elegant room has been refitted and furnished
with glass cases in which the harness can be
nicely aisplayed and still kept away from
heat aud dust, the enemies of long wear in
leather. Our factory now occupies a room
16x74 feet and the store 20x60 added makes it
the largest establishment of its kind outside
of Philadelphia and Pittsburg.
We are prepared to offer better bargains in
the future than we have done in the past and
we want everyone to see our goods and get
prices for when you do this, out of self defense
Jon will buy. Our profits are not large, but
y selling lots of goods we can afford to live in
Bellefonte. We are noi indulging in idle
philanthropy. It is purely business. We are
not making much, but trade is growing and
that is what we are interested in now. Profits
will take care of themselves.
When other houses discharged their work-
men during the winter they were all put to
work in my factory, nevertheless the big 4)
houses of this city’ and county would smile it
we compared ourselves to them, but we do not
mean to be so odious, except to venture the as-
section that none of them can say, as we can
say “NO ONE OWES US A CENT THAT WE
CAN'T GET.” This is the whole story.
The following are kept constantly on hand.
50 SETS OF LIGHT HARNESS, Sra from
$8.00 to $15.00 and upwards, LARGE
STOCK OF HEAVY HARNESS per
8et$25.00 and upwards, 500 HORSE
COLLARS from $1,50 to $5,006
each, over $100.00 worth of
HARNESS OILS and °
AXLE GREASE,
$400 worth of Fly Nets sold cheap
$150 worth of whips
from 15¢ to $3.00 each,
Horse Brushes,Cury Combs
Sponges, Chamois, RIDING
SADDLES, LADY SIDESADDLES
Harness Soap, Knee Dusters, at low
prices, Saddlery-hardware always on hand
for sale, Harness Leather as low as 25¢ per
pound. We keep everythingto be found in a
FIRST CLASS HARN STORE—no chang-
ing, or years in she same room. No two
ops in the same town to catch trade—NO
SELLING OUT for the want of trade or prices.
Four harness-makers at steady work this win.
ter, This is our idea of protection to labor,
when other houses discharged their hands,
they soon found work with us.
JAS. SCHOFIELD,
33 37 Soring street, Bellefonte, Pa,
Illuminating Oil.
{own ACME.
THE BEST
BURNING OIL
THAT CAN BE MADE
FROM PETROLEUM
It gives a Brilliant Light.
It will not Smoke the Chimney
It will Not Char the Wick.
It has a High Fire Test.
It does Not Explode.
It is without an equal
AS A SAFETY FAMILY OIL
We stake our reputation as refiners that
IT IS THE BEST OIL IN THE WORLD
Ask your dealer for it. Trade suppliea by
THE ATLANTIC REFINING CO.
Bellefonte Station,
Bellefonte, Pa.
89 37 1y
Miscellaneo 8 Advs.
PArEns, CAVEATS, TRADE
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write to Munn & Co., who have had nearly
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Communications strictly confidential. A hand-
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how to obtain them sent free. Also a catalogue
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Patents taken through Munn & Co., receive
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without cost to the inventor. This splendid
paper; issued weekly, elegantly illustrated, has
y far the largest circulation of any scientific
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gle copies, 25 cents. Everv number contains
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new houses, with plans, enabling builders
to show the latest designs and secure con-
tracts. Address
MUNN & CO.,
361 Broadway.
40-3-6m New York,
Fine Job Printing.
re JOB PRINTING
0———A SPECIALTY——¢
AT THE
WATCBMAN o OFFICE
There is no style of work, from the chenpes
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0—BOOK-WORK.-¢
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manner, and at
Prices consistent with the class nt work
by calling or communicating with this othe. |