BY P. GRAY MEEK."
Ink Slings.
— Always on “tick’’—the clock,
—The woman with the double chin
isn’t necessarily a gossip.
—Everything is queer in the Quay-
stone state, even justice has lost her bal-
ance.
—One of the oldest editors in Mis-
souri is ELt Axe, Its a painful paper
no doubt that he gets out.
-—A story in paragraphs :—Chilian
‘War Over! ‘All the Glory BLAINE’s |
Harrison Mad! Final chorus: ‘We
never speak as we pass by.”
—Coming events cast their shadows
before them thought the Ground Hog as
hecrawled from his hole, on Tues-
day morning.
—The cackling of the geese at one
time saved Rome, but EcAN’s cackling
got the United States into a most dis-
graceful embroglio.
—It wasn’t Eider-down that the
great steamship struck in the English
channel, last week, but the Eider is more
than likely down at the bottom by this
time.
— When GrovER arrived in New Or-
leans poor Fitzsimmons had to give
himself up. The town was hardly
large enough for twosuch noted char-
acters-
GARzA is neither the truth nor the
personification of it, nevertheless he
manages to ‘‘rise again’ every time the
newspapers succeed in having him
“crushed to earth.”
__Tt will soon be time for the fellows
who imagine they have been such ac-
tive Democrats that they deserve the
offices, to send in their subscriptions for
a Democratic paper.
--It is getting pretty bad when re-
publican congressmen are compelled to
insert in the official stenographer’s re-
port “applause from republican side’
especially when there was no applause.
—From the string of fellows with
“jags’’ on who paraded our streets, on
Saturday night, we were almost led to
suppose that a barbed wire fence manu-
factory had suddenly been sprung upon
up.
—A white mule threw the Sultan of
Morocco off the other day and now he is
going to have its back bastinadoed. If
he had had his own hair dyed, when an
infant, there would have been no trou-
ble.
—SPURGEON,the great English divine,
is said to have always wished himself
addressed without any prefix whatever.
Such things might have been accom-
plished in English ecclesiastical circles
but in American politics—never.
—1If the Chilian war had only mater-
ialized what a boom it would have been
for Second Term’s infant tin industry.
Furnishing the armor for all the fellows
who didn’t have enough natural brass
woald have kept one plant busy at
least a week.
—1In one sense of the word FITZsIM-
MoNs came out of the big end of the
horn when he escaped from the Pitts-
burg prison,nearly five months ago, but
he'll soon go back through the little one.
In either caseit exactly FirzsiMMons.
— Whatever differences there may be
between other Democrats, there seems
to be none whatever between the HILL
men in Pennsylvania and the CLEVE-
LAND followers in New York. They
are a unit and entirely harmonious in
kicking because they can’t control.
—Philadelphia’s new kicker commit-
tee, of which congressman MCALEER is
a prominent member, has an ample field
for exploration in trying to discover
what has hecome of the Democratic
majority in his district since he blossom-
“ed out into the political posy heis.
—Congressman MUTCHLER has an-
nounced his determination not to bea
candidate for re-election. This is much-
more good news than the other aspir-
ants expected, whose opportunities for
success were much-less than they will
now be, with the present popular in-
cumbert out of the field.
—Our correspondents sent us full ac-
counts of the Farmer’s Institutes held at
Boalsburg and Millheim but neither one
of them included the Hon. LEONARD
RHONE among their list of dignitaries
present, PATTISON was there though
and perhaps LEONARD was afraid that
farmer TILDEN might have bobbed up:
to tell the audience a thing or two.
—The Governor's proclamation
18
meeting with a glorious response and
our people are lavish in their contribu. |
tions for the starving Russian peasants |
The world’s charity, when we suffered
the horror of Johnstown, will ever be
fresh in the Pennsylvanian mind and
she will deem it a pleasure to help alle-
viate the sufferings of humanity. Too
well do we remember how the stricken
and pinched faces along the Conemaugh
lighted(?) up when VicrorrA sent her
sympathy, but we'll withhold ours for a
while as the indiscreet Russians might
founder themselves.
STATE RIGHTS AND FEDERAL UNION.
VOL. 37.
BELLEFONTE, PA., FEBRUARY 5,
For No Good.
Whether the new, so called, Demo-
cratic committee, that has just been
organized in Philadelphia, with such a
blare of Republican trampets, has been
given birth simply to show that there
are disgruntled Democrats in that city,
or whether it is for the purpose of giv-
ing organized aid to the Republicans, we
do not profess to know. Thatno good
for the Democratic party is intended
we are confident; but that those who
are the principal movers in the matter
will be able to do more injury to the
cause of Democracy through an orga-
nization than as individuals we very
much doubt.
The principle following this new
organization will have will be found in
that portion of the city which makes up
the congressional district of the Honor-
able WiLtiam MoALger. It was this
same section, owned and bossed by the
men who have now the effrontery to or-
ganize under the name of Democracy,
that sold out the party to Quay and
DEeLAMATER in the campaign of 1890 ;
that elected a Republican state Sena-
tor from a district that could give over
2000 Democratic majority ; and that
only last fall cast its purchasable vote
for the Republican candidate for city
Treasurer, as against the Democratic
nominee, whose only weakness seemed
to be, that he was honest, and had lost
the friendship of those who clung to
BarpsLEY, until the doors of the peni-
tentiary closed upon him.
From this committee the Democracy
of the State can expect or look for no
good. Itmay be able to give an official
coloring to cooked up contests, that
will be brought before the State Con-
vention, in the interest of de'egateswho
have not the standing at home to win
an honest election, and it may be able
to add to the petty factional fights and
feuds that have always existed in that
city,but further than this it will amount |
to nothing. It will neither be useful.
creditable nor ornamental, and the
Democrats of the state must not con-
clude that because there are two Demo- |
cratic city committees, in Philadel-
the Democratic vote is to be increased; |
! shakeu off.
It is hardly possible thatin the short |
or Democratic prospects brightened.
The Pittsburg Library.
AxpreEw CARNEGIE'S pet scheme, a
is fast nearing a reality. Sometime
ago he offered to give §1,000,000
| time which Gov. Boyp
ower to act, he can accomplish such |. : ; i
po Hoh p lin a school at Cambridge; his Iabors
A Wrong Righted at Last.
At the election in 1890, the Demo
orats of Nebraska succeeded in defeat-
ing the Republican candidate for gov’
ernor and electing to the position Jas-
W. Boyp, their own nominee. The re-
sult wasscarcely announced until the
Republicans began to question his
eligibility, notwithstanding the fact
that he had been a voter of the State
ever since its organization and had on
different occasions been elected to and
filled places of trust and prominence.
They had, however, the courts, the
officers and the power. and determined
that no matter how flagrant the out-
rage, or how direct and open the will
of the people was to be overridden,
Boyp should not be Governor. Un-
fortunately for him, he was born 1n:
Ireland. His father emigrated to this
country when he was but two years
old, and was naturalized in 1854, upon
which record the son had been voting
ever since he became of age, The
records of this naturalization had been
lost or destroyed, and when the Re-
publicans discovered this fact, they
raised the question that he had rever
become a citizen as the law required,
and consequently could not hold the
office. A partisan district court sus’
tained this position, and a partisan
State Supreme Court confirmed it, and
Tuayer the Republican incumbent,
whose place the people had honestly
and fairly elected Boy to fill, held the
officeand exercised its functions. Boyp
carried the case to the Supreme Court
of the United States and on Monday
last,that tribunal reversed the Courts of
Nebraska, declared him a citizen and
eatitled to the office, that had been
wickedly and fraudulently kept from
coming under his control.
Justice in this case has been slow—
so slow that even after it has triumph-
ed—the people find that they have been
defrauded of their rightfully elected
that term abuses, which they uever
would have suffered, had right prevail-
ed at first, hi s been fastened upon them
in such a way that they cannnot be
; : . : | reforms as would have been secured
public circulating library for Pittsburg
to give $40,000 a year for the running |
expenses. This generous offer was not
accepted until the beautiful Allegheny
library built on the same terms, had
been open to the public for months,
then Pittsburg realized the munificence
of the gift and appointed commission-
ers who, at once, decided it should be
built at the entrance to ScHENLEY Park
and selected a design from the 106 sub-
mitted. To the original gift, CArNE-
GIE has added another $1,000,000 as
an endowment fund for the art and
scientific departments, and will give an
additional $100,000 to have the build-
ing of granite instead of light colored
brick as the design calls for.
1 The building will be two stories and
a basement, It is 70 feet high, 400
feet feet long, with an average width
of 150 feet, and will contain a music
hall that will seat 2,000 people. Large
reading rooms, a main library that
will have space for 250,000 volumes, an
art gallery, the full depth of the build-
ing, and many small rooms for art and
scientific purposes.
CarNEGIE is building for himself
noble monuments that will Jast as long
as the cities that enjoy them stand, and
is teaching a rare object lesson to our
many rich men. who possibly mean to
do good some time with their money,
but postpone the doing until the law-
yers and the heirs decide ‘to the victors
belong the spoils.”
In this connecticn we raise no ques
tion of how Mr. CARNEGIE comes by
the immense amounts of moaey that
he is annually contributing to public
charities of one kindlor another. While
the protectiye tariff works wonders
for him in one way he seems perfectly
willing to do wonders for himself in
another, and in all his munificences
made possible by a system of govern-
mental protection, that enriches one
man at the expense of the many, he is
is but returning to the people, a moity
of that which under our tariff laws has
been unjustly and unrighteously taken
from them.
| the voters of that State, had he been al-
lowed to take the seat, to which he
| was elected, at the time he was chos-
for the buildings, if the city would agree | en
Republican chicanery, trickery
and fraud prevented this, and the only
| way the voters of Nebraska can right
the wrong that has been inflicted upon
them and the candidate of their choice,
is to re-elect him when tie opportunity
ofters and thus rebuke the rascality
that triumphed so long.
ZEA
The Republicans of Blair coun-
ty have gotten themselves out of a hole,
as they think, on the Senatorial ques-
tion by an arrangement to submit the
matter to a voteat their primaries to
be held in March. This agreement
gives pretty fair surface indications,
but the trouble with itis, that while
those who are for Quay know exactly
who they want, the opposition to him
is divided as to who his competitor
should be, and will go scattering round
among a multitude of candidates. Un-
der the circumstances, the primary
vote plan is an almost certain way of
gecuring the county for Quay.
An Eye Opener.
It there is anything that should
bring the newspaper publishers of the
State to appreciate the iniquity of the
present libel law, itis the unjust and
unholy sentence imposed by Judge
WickAM on the proprietors of the Bea.
ver Star, in the Quay libel suit. The
public is well aware of the partisan
manner in which that trial was con-
ducted and the influence that secured
the verdict; and knowing this, the ex-
treme sentence inflicted will look to an
unprejudiced observer, morelike perse-
cution, than an effort to punish, for
committing what in its worst light
could only be counted, an unintentional
wrong.
It was generally believed that the
“ vindication ’* which a verdict of guilty
would give the Senator, and that the
costs, with the fact of being found guilty
of libel, would be both * vindication”
and punishment sufficient to answer
the ends of Justice. A partisan Judge
will have the | :
| sixteen years of age, while he was usher |
: ~~ | wo pray daily for pardon.
governor for over half the term for t y p Ee .
ee ; . | was converted at a Methodist meeting
which he was chosen, and that during |
however, has seen proper to show his
power and venom ‘and a sentence of six
months imprisonment, a fine of six
hundred dollars each, and costs of pro-
secution, has been pronounced and
must be suffered by the defendants un
less the pardon board interferes.
When the publishers of the 1291
public journals that are issued from
offices in different parts of the State
fully realize that each and every one
of them one liable at any time to be the
victims in just such a case, they will
appreciate the necessity of united efforts
to secure the repeal of the present un-
just law, and the enactment of some
measure, that will secure them, at
least the same rights that are guaran-
teed the commonest criminal, that of
being considered innocent until proven
guilty, and a voice in the selection of
the jurors who are to try him.
The Great Preacher Gone.
For months it has been known that
Cuarres Happox SpurceoN the great
English preacher was in a critical con-
dition; but even his nearest friends
were greatly surprised to hear of his
death, which occurred on last Sunday
at Mentone, a winter resort in the
South of France, where he had gone
in hopes that the milder climate would
build up his shattered constitution.
The immediate cause of his death
was gout although he was suffering
from a complication of diseases,
brought on by over-work and lack of
physical exercise.
Mr. Spurgeon, the son of a congre-
gationalist clergyman and the grand.
son of an independent preacher, was
born June 19, 1834, at Kelvedon, in
Essex. As a child he cared more for
books than play and early decided upon
a pulpit career. Althongh his exterior
life was strictly moral, he experienced
the most bitter convictions of sin and
allittirough his youth was aceustomed
In 1850 he
and was shortly after baptized in the
Baptist church, for which he has work
ed ever since, although in 1887 he with.
drew from the Baptist Union, taking
the great church that he had built up
with him.
is first sermon was delivered at
soon embraced eleven other yillages
and the “Boy Preacher,” as he was
known at that time, captivated all who
heard him by his powerful and pleas-
ant voice, and his bold method of pre-
senting the truth. In 1853 he accepted
the pastorate of the New Paik street
chapel, in London, where he speedily |
attained marvelous popularity, and the
only difficulty he had was in getting a
building that would hold the crowds ;
that wanted to hear him. His great
Tabernacle, which was opened for wor-
ship in '61, has a seating capacity for
4880 people, and standing room for a
1000 more; cost $155.000 which was
all paid before its dedication and from
that time to the present it has been
crowded when Mr. Spurgeon preached. |
In addition to all this work Mr.
Spurgeon done an immense
amount of writing and his books, one
of which, “John Ploughman’s Talk,”
reached a sale of a half a million
copies, had almost as wide a circula-
tion as his sermons which have been
published weekly since 1855.
Mr. Spurgeon’s great strength was
with the masses, and although he was
more widely known than any other
preacher of the nineteenth century, he
had very little influence among the
deep thinkers, and his great success
seems to have been due to a sunny, sym-
pathetic disposition and a consecrated
eaergetic life, rather than a giant in-
tellect.
has
——Lock Haven Democrats met, on
Wednesday last, and alter considering
the situation; passed a resolution in-
structing the delegates from this con-
gressional district, to use all honorable
means to secure the nomination of
Grover CLEVELAND. This is a right
they possess, and a right that many
Democrats throughout the State will
rejoice to know that they had the
courage to exercise; but the trouble
with some people will be to know
whether they are in dead down earnest
or whether it is a kind of a MorTIMER
F. Euvuiorr, instruction, that means
they want a chance to give him “balla.
hoo” after they get him on the ticket.
1892. NO. 5.
Of
Just Think of
From the Chicago Times. iin lance
‘Divers more or less esteemed contem-
poraries who have been ascribing the
famine and suffering in that country to
its’ enormous = military expenditu
should not ignore the fact that while
Russia p:ys $195,000,000 yearly to main-
tain an army ‘of 796,808 men ‘the
' United States pays ‘$133,000,000 for an
army that went cut of existence a quart-
er of a century ago.’ :
e————
After Quays Scalp.
From the Westmoreland Republican.
“Uncle John” Cessna, of Bedford
i has put on his pigment and feathers and
intends to take the war path against
Boss Quay. As a warrior both bold and
wily, Uncle John is no slouch, Heisa
veteran in politics and knows just where
to plant his blows for the most effective
results. “Uncle John” is thoroughly
embittered against his old partner Quay,
and proposes to be a candidate for the
legislature. He will have little if any
trouble in securing election, and at Har-
risburg, he will devote his efforts and
his energies toward the defeat of Quay
for the United States senate.
Late Catching On.
From the Doylestown Democrat.
Senator Hale, in a speech in the Sen-
ate, lauds the Reciprocity clause of the
McKinley bill to the skies, and says but
for it, the bill would have gone to the
dogs. The country, and especially the
tax-payers, are sorry enough that it did
not go there, from the falling off in im-
portations, and the consequent loss of
duties which they will have to make up.
If there be anything in Reciprocity the
credit of it does not belong to the Re-
publican party, as it was recognized
long before that party was born. It is
only another name for free trade, and
the Democrats have been repeatedly
branded as ‘‘free-traders’’ for urging its
adoption in certain cases. To be con-
sistent, Republicans should cease yelling
for Reciprocity until they are done hal-
lowing for ‘protection’ to American in-
dustry. The former is free-trade, pure
and simple, and the latter prohibition
when they are carried out to their legiti-
mate conclusion.
Something for Johnny Bull's Pipe
From the Pittsburg Post.
The fact of a meeting being held in
Toronto to discuss the advisability of
Canada separating herself from the
mother country is very significant.
Although a majority of the meeting was
opposed to any change looking to Cana-
dian independence, the holding of the
meeting at all indicates that thereis a
rapidly growing feeling of dissatisfac-
tion in the Dominion. Onespeaker said
“We have arrived at that state of mis-
' government which no change can make
Everyone acknowledges that
something must be done.” In spite of
this, however, the meeting adopted a
resolution deprecating any change in
| the government of the country. While
allowing that dissatisfaction prevails in
Canada, anyone at all familiar with the
subject must see that separation from the
| English government would be suicidal
unless annexation to the United States
were effected.
| worse.
Simpson’s Utopia.
From the Philadelphia Record.
Having entered Congress with the
distinct purpose of relieving the oppress-
. ed and distressed farmer, Representative
Jerry Simpson has set about his task
with commendable vigor and celerity.
His Land Loan bill, introduced the oth-
er day, indicates broadly what Mr.
| Simpson and his Alliance coadjutors
think ought to be done for the farmer.
' He should, then contend, be loaned
money at 2 per cent. by the Govern-
ment up to the amount of half the as-
sessed valuation of his farm. If Mr.
Simpson's bill should ever get out of
committee iL would interest the public to
| learn why the farmer should be thus
i singled out tor Government favor. If
| he be permitted to borrow at 2 per cent
why not the butcher and baker and
candlestick maker ? The Alliance Re-
presentatives should not fail to enlighten
the public mind during the present Con-
gress on this and kindred topics. It
may be their last chance,
Trophies of an Understudy.
From the New York Herald.
The show is over. The curtain has
been rung down on the Chilian faree-
comedy. The American people are dis-
cussing the play and the aciors. The
audience was not pleased, but the per-
formance as an educator wus a great
success. The leading actor and his
stock company of stars are to this extent
entitled to thanks. It is to be regretted,
hoWever, that the role of the ‘‘greatest
living American” was essayed by an
| understudy through the failure of the
| “only original” to be on hand when the
' curtain was suddenly rung up-’ It is a
| question whather or not the “only orig-
inal” shifted the scenery in revenge.
| The understudy posed as a hero before
a background bristling with bayonets
and ferocious foreign troops. The back-
ground suddenly changed, showing sup-
plicants with olive branches and doves
co0o-iug in the trees. The hero waved
his naked sword and cried for blood, To
his surprise he heard guffaws instead of
cheers, and the eurtain came down amid
confusion. The incident may lead to a
reorganization of the troupe, after which
there will be no opportunity for gentle-
men cast for minor parts to appear in
great ones,
apr
Spawls from the Keystone,
nw i A)
rolime
y | ern d L
botmen ered Yt lo:
00 for a city crematorium.
—A Johnson’s twa isons ‘died ‘together of
sacrlet fever, at Hughesville. ~~
—Columbia has just captured ard locked up
George Grier, a roving maniac.
—City Democratic primaries at York are
called for next Saturday evening, '
—Lebanon Councilmen reject the new wa.
ter works dam because it's leaky.
—Safe burglars Joseph Williams and John
Clark pleaded guilty at Wellsboro. +
~The local telephone people have enjoined
the trolley currents at Wilkesbarre.
—Bartender Shannon Barnes dropped dead
while serving drinks at Johnstown. ;
—Cumberland county paid $596 in rewards
for fox and mink scalps last year. =
—Huntingdon Lutherans re-dedicated their
greatly improved church Sunday.
—Natural gas tests are to be made all ‘over
2000 acres, just leased around Meadville,
—Indian school studeiits ‘have ‘gone’, from
Carlisle to Utah 4s United States Soldiers.
—The Conemaugh’ Memorial Hospital at
Johnstown will be dedicated ox: Thursday next.
—Tioga County Grange, with $8600 in its
treasury, will buy the Wellsboro fair grounds.
—Adjutant General McClelland has had a
relapse and is again in the hospital at Harris-
burg.
—Reading has the East Pennsylvania Cone
ference of the Evangelical Young People Alli-
ance.
—The Alexander knitting mill has shut
down for good at Reading, throwing 50 hands
idle. .
—Moonshiners in Fayette and Westmore-
land counties have been under cever by of-
ficers.
—A mule slipped and fell ean Michael Han-
non near Carrollton, and crushed his vitals all
together. 1
—With frozen feet andan overdose of laud-
anum, Samuel Sickel has been taken to Read-
ing Hospital.
—A leak in Lebanon’s|water works dam
makes people roundabouts dream of Johns-
town horrors.
—The late Governor Geary’s colored barber,
Charles H. Cann, was killed on the railroad
near Carlisle.
—Young Amos Reed was bitten até North
Kingston by a dog that died of distemper a
few minutes later.
—Chauncey M. Depew will preside at
Wilkesbarre’s Cambro-American Eisteddfod,
on St. Patrick’s Day.
—Dr. Theodore L. Flood, of Nuadville, is a
Republican candidate for Congress from the
Crawford-Erie district,
—The Pennsylvania Fishery Commission
will make a $2000 display of the finny family
at the World’s Fair.
—The remains of Martin Doran and his aged
wife were buried in the same grave at Donald
son, Schuylkill county.
~Murderer William Xeck’s brothers, say
they will spend no more money trying to save
his neck, at Allentown.
—The Allegheny County Bar Association has
indorsed George Chiras for the United States
Supreme Court vacancy.
—~—Having fallen into Mountain Creek, near
Carlisle, Albert Williams froze to death after
getting out of the water.
—Grocer E.R. Zimmerman, of Harrisburg,
denies that he sold the seized oleomargarine
to W. S. Lord, of Pottstown.
—The Reading Iron Company will soon erect
a substantial pipe mill on Mill street, Reading,
and.employ 200 more hands.
—Pit Boss John Phillips and two miners
were injured by an explosion in Waltod’s Up-
per Mine, at West Elizabeth.
— Depressed by a poor coal trade Packer
Colliery, No. 3, of Shanandoah, has suspended
for a month and left 600 hands idle.
—His lungs gave out, while Henry Vincent
was starving himself to get a release from the
Carlisle jail, and he died yesterday.
—Professor E. J. James, of the University of
Pennsylvania, was elected second vice presi:
dent of the Pennsylvania Chautauqua.
—Judge Saviege’s first decision knocked
wire fences out of Shamokin, on the ground
that they were a nuisance in boroughs.
—When sixty tons of coal and dirt had been
removed in a colliery at Mahanoy City, work-
men found the crus hed remains of John Krup-
—The school superintendents closed their
convention at Williamsport yesterday by elect-
ing B. R. Buehrie, of Laucaster, as president.
—A summer hotel, to cost $80,000, and be
known as “Gold 3prings,”; will be erected on
South Mountain, near Wemelsdorf, next sum-
mer,
—For violation of the Revenue law by dis-
tilling apple brandy without license, George
Dengler’s Albany township distillery has been
seized.
—From his “terrapin farm” at Weisenburg:
Lehigh county, William Fritz has sent 2375
terrapin to Philadelphia and New York this
season.
—Applications from Pennsylvanians for
space at the World's Fair continue to. pour in-
to Executive Commissioner Whitman's Har-
risburg office.
—Suits brought by contractors have about
| spoiled the prospects of the projected Penn-
sylvania and West Virginia. Railroad in Bed.
ford county.
—Ex-Mayor William A. Morton, of Lancas-
ter, prominent in the Masonic Order, was
stricken with paralysis Saturday and is in a
critical condition.
—Attempting to rcb the Pennsylvania Rail
road ticket office near Lancaster,J. L. Good
man, Albany, N. Y., and J. P. Mills, New York
City, were caplured.
—A charter was granted to the Brownstone
and Middletown Railroad Company, capital
$23,000, to build a road to connect the Reading
near Hummelstown, to extend to Waltonvilie.
—Franklin Hower bought back, for $50,600
under execution, his old Peach Hill slate
quarry in Northampton gounty, which we had
sold to the Unionville Mercantile Company
(now defunct) for $150,000.
—Chartered: Highland Paper Company, of
Elk county; capital, $250,000; M. M. Arm-
strong, of Philadeliphia,is among the directors.
Keystone Brick and Terra Cotta Company, of
Beaver county ; capital, $50,000.
—The senior class of Layfette College has
elected these class day officers: Master of
ceremonies, Harry Chamberlain ; class orator
William M. Jack; salutatorian, S. H. Seem
historian, E. A. Loux; prophet, William
Jones; ‘presentation orator,Archibald Howard
poet, C. W. Loux; mantle orator, A, Tyler
valedictorian, J. B. Lacid.
or —