a
The democratic Wathman.
HE 1,1. EFONT E, l'A
FRIDAY MORNING, OCT. 18. 1888
A IERRIBLE REVALATIOM 1
Statement of Robert °old Concerning
the 4change of Prisoner'.
Grant Responsible for''tko . :
feringS at Andersor villa
Confederate Offers to Exchange Re
peatedly Rejected,
IProm the N ft tionatlnteiligeneee. Aug. 20
Iturnrunu, V,., iitLuel 17
To the Editor, f the IVitt lora Inielloyenrer
Ostartdato: I have recently seen eo
many mid reprevenintione of the octlon
of the late ( onfederate authorittee in re
lation to priatmers that. I feel it due to
the truth of hirtory, and peouparly in
oumhent on me ad their agent of ex•
change, to bring to the attention of the
emmtry the facts pet forth in this
paper.
The enrkl of ezebnnge hears date
July 23, 1863 Itn (Aug purport
wev to eeture ttie delivery of .11
pri.ottern of war To that mid. the fourth
•roi le pravided that all prloo.ners of war
ihnuld he dt•vharved on parole in ten
day. !WIT their rapture. Fran hector
at the cat lei Willi. the eunnurr of IBQa
the Omit . ..tire, atitnoritiev 11. id th•A ei
.0,41 of pi 0.416 1 1'3 DWllig 11111 interval
delivevivn err.• ma l e, an In t en the F.d
eral .rt•runwltt tornialsed trativpotta•
1 , ..1red, upon more than one ocra•
Tian I itr•te.l4 he Federal authorriea to
(end ine,xnetl 0 1 10,118 of tentinperte lion
It lin• ne•re t•tli heel' alleged t hot die
Confederate 13 1 1 1 borilie 3 laded or. 13. a l t e r.
i r d to nuke pniuipl deliver!, 3 of prim,
peen WI.. were 1,1 Will untkr chnriten,
they hn I she riceen. On the 0111
er Itnna, the ..1111. 1 111 1 1 1 Ike ritr
lel ao.. , prod: an I toooriou. , y A lolved
by the Fe!-rat an , hord te• Officer. and
confinemen . sou ,-
time" 11l tmu., .7 1i..1 1, ./ , 0 0,114, nuh
0111 • .1 - 11 . ..1 On : i.l - herrl Wrfr
her nI r line•ilPll , I'S I a ll h•r
li~e non
. Tit3,-1,3 by hpril tea
4..c1. ri 3 11,1 , , 41 , 1,11V , J
I of Ole re.ler4l
it,t 4 1...1 ..1-
ahanie• 1 , . .aro. p. a (.7.. 1,13 nI c“ilfine
rnrUr "11 I It.rer Nile 1 . 1i14 I rr•lhl x•
brio , w e , •,1,01,b0 , of the c tr , ei Fuck
c.4•p.....1.1 , 11114 v. 411 40V 1 PIO u. rt,itfir
Moo! • rt,..1.4 441 ...tner Plie s lilt IQ
aor• I 41 1 flu 34.4 . 0 1i7t L lrl' beld
by I ar.•ll rvle OrlyrrorTlCOl The.,
were m••iy, plr , OrN of
tltifii a el .l Meal who 111,1 111,1 , r. IrL•ed
OD T l .e F. , 11 , 741 41,1
13 re• 7 ur nn pvrnlr --
Tb .y, 1 % II or IP 1,17 4,1 letururren
(I've i'•,n 1,-e tt• nu' t,r , ritto g s f
In[ r I , .. kt•er.. In tovin...ler I I, r them
Thu tr wily br k 1.0.11 • l• 1 11. , r.. ih«
' l 1 hr net p•
or j , r , • Ii at , •r. er.l Prmolbly
.11 /. if /1 • I'. • 1,11 , 1 Ur.. Of
ar. r .t t . .•
lotC•pr..L•.rrrd
.v. rlnm. ni
roof , f to ,Firer•
1 1,4 I be
heY rh.
rni 11., I •y
til.• 1• .1 ik in ....ell
11!1=111111MIEIIIN!II!l1
M. w 1 1 I,y 11 1 .• ' • nri..l,ri
Ur 1 .1 * I Pio: 01 et 041:1 • 1 • C• 141
i•f the 11111 •1 by
•.I .1 V r ..11i tI. rclll 1 , 1111• ht
1111 C r ti nt 411 I.r ,rof I ;P., .in
1 , 111,1 ten II ft• t. • pr,;rlic , tlly
1.111irrl”.1 'J• eh I — Pre
* nu t , ,1,. MIC,It I i.•• •c•IIIIS or chid
art The
.C 41114.1. Ps • OW !101l
lie r • I 10 I:,ir vp .pllll.O 111.
111 VA I.y
111 sw • tr, cr toe mcn n. lb. prinono
of OHL ...I.:lli:Pr...tit. dcrrnhord to
&baIe. , IL•M , LI , I ',lCOrt . 4lll;jll
on it. ; .14y. I 4.i
C,MMII , IICNI flo, to Ilrlrt.lier•
gen • r,I E U .I(..rd (Own
' A grilt Ercu..lo/..
Itll , lllll /N Auglot 18C1.
1ifej.r.1 , 41.. E. Mulford, k,...siliAnt Agent
`of .' .11 g.-•
ccic :re ,ever iclll,l pro
pow t t me co ezrhottge Coo prcAonere
cvely orld by t he Iwn belicgor
err° -.Corer for ofbcAr, nOl loom I>•
a, a 'ft); Fa Lll. offer ham 01.0 been
oiher toirICI:4!• 114•11 IX 6o.rge of
ovo Pr • cori:l,..c.ed exciatrige of
pv^ , a , -.
T ' p7l)llPfli oei-ctorore been de
the auittorities,
ti.: upon the ;snits of I iecar
r'itelt retuttied the ry of the
e. on °Hier Hole on pond- In v.ew
Itove.e •, of the very large number of
pr; one. no.l hell) by each party, and
(ht. nberi tg consent:eat u;.,n their can
tient4 confinement, i 11017 000 , 111 to the
aSnt ; reposol, and acres to delver to
/ you a prisoners held it captivity by
the I . ootedirato alliilo7llll.l, pro•pled
you s -tree to deliver an equal number of
Co trod-rate officers and men As equal
numb(' are delivered from time to time
they %. til be declared ewl tinged This
propost.i to made with the understanding
that the cfficers and men on both 'Wee
who hove been longest in captivity will
be first delivered where It is prootioable.
I shall be bappy to hear from you a.
Speedti3 1 1 111 11111•111ibigl w! uher this sr
ranr,ement can be c"...rried out
Re:sp.:utility, Tots robediCnt servant,
ROUT OULD, Agent of Exchange.
Tbo delivery of ibis letter was accom
panied wi.h.o statement of the mortality
which was hurrying iso many Federal
prisoners at Andersonville to the grave.
On the 22d 'day of August, 18114, ant
having heard in response, I uldressed a
communiction to Major General E. A
ilitchcook,'Uoited States Commissioner
of Exchange, concering a copy of the
foregoing letter to General Mulford, and
requesting an acceptance of my, propo
sitions. No answer was brot received to
either of these letters. General Mulford,
on the 31st of August, 1861. informed
me in writing that be had no communi
cation on' the subject from the United
States autboilties, and that he was not
at that time authorized to make any &n
-ewer. This offer, which would bare in
stantly restored to freedom thousands of
suffering captives—which would have re
le.i.ed ',err FedeVartioldier in conyne'
nient ill Confederate priseirm--was not
efen noticed Wne that because tke
Federal did not diem it worthy
of a reply; or bereause they feared to
make it known ? As ihe Federal au, hori
'ice at I trat ' time had a large excees of
'trimmers. the efreet of the proposal/
which I bad made, if carried out, WOlll.l
hove been to release all Union prisoners.
while a large number of the Confederates
would havo remained in prison, awaiting
he chance" of thSeapiore of their equiv
lents.
In January, 1864, and, indeed, some
time ear.ter, it became very manifest
that in nonsegn•'nce rf the complication
in relation to exchange., the large hulk
of prisoners on both sidca would remain
in captivity for many long and weary
months', if not for the duration of the
s•er Prompted by an earnest desire to
alleviate the hardships of confinement on
both Marg. I addressed the following
communication to General E. /,
United States Commissioner of
Exchange, and on or about the day of its
date. delived the same to the Federal
authosity
COAMEDIRITII BrATIA OR AMERICAI
WAR DIP ARTRUIT.
RICHRWORD. VA ,J , antiar7 24, 1864.
Najar general E. A. Hitchcock, Agent of
Exchange
Ste : In •iew of the present difficulties
attending the ezehanse and release of
prironerr, I propose that all euph on
erch ride shell be attended by a proper
number of their own purreonr, who, un
der moire to be established, shall be
permitted to take charge of their health
and Comfort
*leo propose diet- these- usrfrons
•h.ttl act ea commieatries, with power to
reerite and Ilietrihate such contrihu
tintia of money, food, clothing and medl
etnet Co may be forwarded ,for the relief
or I farther propose that
thee• Purgeone ►et 'elected by their own
tlnrernmente. and that they ehell have
lull liberty at an♦ end all times through
the Agents of Etchenge; to mike re
porta, not only of 'heir own act., but of
any matters relating to the wellfare of
nettionere
Reepectfullv. •nnr oho.] ;rnt servant,
ROBERT OULU.
A eni of Exchanee
To thin commonicatinn nn reply of
any kind Wila ever mole. I need not
atele how much suffering would him'
been prevented If this nffer had been met
in the poirii in vh nh it was &Mated:—
In addivinn the wnrld has had truthful
nee .iint a of the irenttn.nt Of prisoners nn
both elite. by offinera of character. Knit
thus much of that misreprenenintion
which has li .0 lett .414• e untry would
~•ver ha.. been .poured fourth The
jur: hn: in Ih. new. of Wirt wnlIM hvy.
had Atlfeven , witnettamt, with is dlfferent
•tnry, .1i mill. ho harms in mind Ain ,
nenrly all the euffreing endured by F-4-
ori•onern happened after January, 1801
The acceptance of the proposition made
by me On behalf of the ronfederole tloy
ernment wont., not only have fornl.l,l
In the sick medicine and phyoleton• k
int
to tin well en abundance of fond A
,1 , , , h,n0 , trim the ample more. of IP
rm.,' Si d es The good 6.4, of e
Cnnfedernte. Government in molting this
offer ran noi be nuecen•fitlle uneetinnmA
f r food and clothing withniii the Plir_
gen.,. were sent in 1865 nn I were al
b wed I , he ill. rihat ed by Federal nfrj
In Feherq I prisoner..
=I
Isih3 mold 11 , 0 the mere htirrignp prn
pn..o .f January, 1864, have been •c
cepred.
I 11194 •
t I V, brit
When it was neceettin•il that evehen
era moild not he marl. either on the 1,01
of the cartel or officer for Ofirer and
man for man. I waa inetrurt•d by the
eonfedorate anthnritie• to offer to the
Star•• Government their etch end
wounded, without reiti/Imq one or,
1. 0 Acenrit•nrly in the summer of
MG, I did offer to deliver from ten tO
fifteen ihnueend of the sick and wounded
at th e month of the Navenah River
without requiring any etpi Talent. ae
forting at the tame time the agent of the
Unit-pd State., General Mulford
that if (be number for which b. Might
trod tran•pnrtation emild not readily he
made up from •irk and wounded, I woubt
•nnply the dttfererice With well men.
Although thin offer wee mode to the
summer of 1F144, transportation was not
sent to the Ravanah River until about
the middle of bolt November, end then I
I delivered a. many pri•rnera am eon Id he
tran•pnrted —pomp thirteen ihnuttand to
number, amnnr whom, were mnre than
five thousand we'd men More than nnee
I urged the m .rtality at lndernonrille
a• a reemon for haste nn ibe part of the
United Slates snthnrttiea I know, per
I tonally, that it was the plifPotte of the
C.mfedeliate Government to eend off from
all ua pri•one all the sick and Motin , led
and to continue to do the Pow from
time to time, without requiring env
etpivalente for them. It was h•esune
the nick and Toxin/led at pninte distant
front Georgia could not be berticht to
Stivenali within a reanonnble time that
the fire thotimml well men were “lih4ti
toted Although the term. of my offer
did not-require the Federal authoritiee
to deliver any for the tenor fifteen thous
and which I promised, yet come three
thousand sick and wounded were dolly
ered by them at the mouth of the S 0
vannsh River. I call noon every Veil
real and Confederate officer and man who
Saw the nag , of living death, and who
in familiar with the ',hamster of the 41,
imries made by the Confederate Author
hire, to bear witness that none Fuel) was
ever made by the latter, even when the
very sick and desperately wounded were
•tone reemeated, Foe, oa t wo eteessinfm.
at jeast, such were particularly ranked
fcr, and pal limiter request was !Tiede for
those who were ho desperately nick that
it would be doubtful whether obey would
Survive • removal • few utilise down
James River. Accordingly, the hoeni
tale were searched fur the worst oases,
and after they were delivered they were
taken to Annapolis, and there photo
graphed as specimen prisoners The
photographs at •naapolis were terrible,
Indeed; but the misery they portrayed
was surnamed at Savann.ib The nri
gloal roll, showed that enure thirty five
hundred bad started from Nertl.ern prig
ens, lad that death bad reduced the
number during the trao.it to Chow' three
thousand. The mortality among those
who were delivered alive during the PA
lowing three months was equally fright
fuL But why was there thin delay be
tween the summer and November ill
rending, transpordelion for sick `and
wounded, for whom no erigivaletre were
asked? Were,Union prkonere mode to
onifer in order to aid the pbo.ogharbe
"in firing the popular heart of the
North?"
. In the summer of 1864, inconsequence
of certain information communicated to
tug by the Surgeon general of the Con
federate States as to the deficiency of
medicines, I offered to make purchase of
medicinen from the United States an
thorities, to he used exclusively for the
relief of Federal.pritioners. 1 offered to
pay gold, cotton or tobacco for them,
and even two or three prices, if required.
AL the name 'time I gave SPRIIIIIOOPRIhat
the medicines would he need exolusively
in the treatielfil' lit Federal prisoners,
and, moreover, agreed. on behalf of the
Confederate States, if it was insisted oh,
that such medicines might be brought
into the Confederate lines by the United
Slates surgeons, and dispensed by them.
This offer I never received any reply,
llncredible as this appears, it is strictly
true.
v.
(jlenotal Joh(E. Mn'ford is personally
cognizant of the truth of most, if not all,
j.he facts which I have narrated. He
wan connected with the cartel from its
date until the close of the war. "hiring
a portion of the time he was Aasistant
Agent of Exchange on the part of the
United States I always found him to
he an honorable and truthful gtotlemen.
While be discharged his duties with
great fidelity to hism•ii Government, he
was kind, rind. 1 might almost Flay, ten
der to Ibe Confederate prisoners. Wit b
that portion of the correspondence with
which his name is connected he is, fn
course, TardilliiE — Tle Is - equaliji co IR itc .
the delivery made at Savannah, and It,
attending circumstances, and with the
offer I made an to the purchase of med
icines for the Federal rick and wounded
I appeal to him for the truth of what I
have written. • There are other Federal
corroboretions to portions of me elate
menus. They and found in the report of
Major-General B. F. Butler to theConi
mittee on the Conduct of the IV's , Almau
the lent of Meech, 1864, I had several
conferencse with General Bottler at
Fort rose Mottroe io relation let the dull
cut' ion attending the ezoben,?e of Iris
oners. and we reached what we brith
thought n 101Inr.11 ly satisfactory basis.
The day that I left there General Grant
arrived. General Bottler says he com
municated to. , ilim the stare of the negro
Ha ions. and -most emphatic •erhal
directiois were .received from the
Lieutenant-general not to take any step
by which 41161 her able bodied man
should be ezehaneed until further orders
from h m:" and that on April 8(1 1864
he received a teleersm from General
Grant. to rerelve all the-stitk and wound
ed the Confederate authorities may aend
you, but Pend tin mere in exchange "
Uutpos my recollect inn NOM MP. General
Put hie ales, in an address to his cons('
substantially declared that he
wits directed. in him management of the
question of exchange with the Confeder
ate authorities, to put the matter ollen
steely, for Mr purport of prevrolirol on
frehonle The facts whoeh I his•ti stated
ar e sei sm well known in the (Miners con
',erten with the Confederate Bureau of
Eveliange At roe time I thought an
excellent 0p1101.11111,1T was afforded of
hematite some of them to the attention
of the country I was named by poor
Wirz as a witness in him behalf The,
vu mmon• was 111/10401 by Chapman, the
lodge stivoctve of the military Court I
(their,' the RIII,IIIOOIR and was in alien
.knee lump the Court for souse 100 days
The inviest igal ion had tak en a wide remise
RV to the conduct of the Confederate and
t;ederal Governments in the rooter of
the treatment of prieeners, and I though
' the tune find come when I could put het
re ihe world these HlOlBll4l offers of
the ufeilerate awbonutn, and the
10.1/10, to ailtsch Guy had lie on treated
I so expressed mreell el ire tbnn 011er
I ,primp.loo puhli, ly. Hut it was a vain
thought Early in the morning u f the
day on which I el prated to give my les
tummy, I received a nom from Chipman
tie Judge advocate, mqutring me moor- I
roloter by subpoena. +-1,411•ell, RS
was my protection in Washington..—
tf t liuout the doors of the olt Carotid
truglit have ripened and eloer.l mum Me
et,gareil, luiwevrir, to appear before the
I` , titrt, and I did so the mime evening,'
I nu ill to Purr.nder my enhpixina,
soil, tturefore the Judge advocate in
ilitr•et on it three win-its: —The within
suM tg i, a is hereby TP•O.o , the pernna
slanted is discharged from further atten
dance " I have got the curious corn
ment brio', me signed Wllll the
name of • P Chieman, colowel "kr
I intend to 'limp it if I can as the 1,1
donee of the firi.t ease in any Sort, whir..
R NIACINs who was PU11111100.• I for the
defense was dismisi.ed by the proseeu
iion ,1 halo cited to depart. cimfittent
di it Richmond was a eater pia e for me
than the metropolis Some tune ago
ciantuttiee was appointed by the Ilouse
of Representatives to investigate the
treatment of Union prisoner's in South
ern nelsons After the appiiiriontent yt
the Committee—the II n Mr. Shanks
of Indiana. being lie Chairman—wrote
to Ilse lion Chitties A KM Inge and the
Hon Mr Munifen (the latter a member
or !lin committee) Romeo( the Nom here
lln derailed Both of three gentlemen
made an etrort to Wend the authority of
the eOIIIIIIIIIIMR, CO Gist it might inquire
into the treatment of prisoriers North as
well as well as South, and col...malty
that it'Nnight implore into the it'll h of
the matters wbarli I bad Alleged. All
these attempts were frustrated by tie
Raines' tnsjority, althotigh ernes) of
the party noted to extend the inquiry
AN I 11100.110 d dollar/ of the mon
ay tif the people have been spent by this
committee, will 501 they 114•01R041 that
the inveetigation shall he thorough and
impartial The Hone, of Repreeenta
tires hoer declined the inquiry ; let the
people take it up.
Respectfully, your ohedient I.
ROBERT PETI.D.-
Impeachment of the Radical Party
BEHOLD THEIR QUILT t
We give bellow. from the Donlon Cour
ier, nu enunterttios of speeifin high
crimes and miwlernesnors, of which the
Radical party, ihrough ha leaders and
;genie iii Confrere, stands arrsigned,be
fore the bar of the snow ry. It will be
seen that the 'Jiff, rout counts embrace
every act euhver+ive of the priticiute.,
of civil liberty, and deiog miry
to the right. of the people :
I It bag ant solidi, the Constitution of
the United States, the hash+, pledge and
security for Republican freedom
II It has practically abrogated State
iovernments in'the ten Southern states.
ranging them in military 'ilkstrictr, and
placing over those' district' military
o immanirSre.
111. II has deprive I every. white wen
of his vote who would not aid iu the
Radical plan of '•reoon+tructinn:"
IV. It has heetoived the power of stir
(rage upon every nigger disposed to
lend himself to that porpope
V It has substituted military commis
sions for the civil tribunate.
VI. It has alum lakeu away the l tot.-
situational right of trial by jury. •
VII It has deprived the people of the
snared right of the writ of habeas cur
VIII It has prohibited free Pperchi.
IX It has broken 'h and Inlenced a
free press.
X It has inflicled "cruel and tinusual
punishments "
XI It has violated the right of the
people to be secure ill their rf•r1.11111.•
houses, papers and ellects spreinst un
reasonable searches 11/111 eelkures "
X,II. It has deprived the Ex.mat lye of
lie codstitutiowal. Joel and necessary
power., by means of which It was In
tended by th.• framers of the Conatitu
Lion that this •'co-ordinate branch of
the government" ehnold help to mein
lain a due balance of authority, fur the
common Feely and welfare.
XIII. It halt overawed that other en
ordinate branch of the po•rrnmrnt,the
Attliciary, which was elan intended to
help maintain a due balance aothort
ty for the Common Wet . , and ',Afire—
hy unconstitutional and" threatening leg
odation, so as to intimidate the Supreme
Judicial tribunal and thus prevent the
doe •ration of • judgment ready to he
pronounced, from which would have
flowed the necessary legal cnsequence.
that the *bole Mr!. of recnuairucti ....
icte Was "unconstitutional, revolution
cry and utterly •aid."
XIV has required of the Southern
awes taxation without allowing them
representation
XV It denies the right of •oting at
the coming election, JO three of timer
States. fur non compliance with lie in
cooatitutional, nujual and arbitrary de
wan In.
XVI In order In maintain thin man
etrous and iniquitoue ey poem of legialn
lion, it ha* been compelled to Leep up
the public debt, thrift(' of inking steady
pOoll , .(1110111 47JP11130 lOC ue rt•euetlon and
gradual extinction ; and for a period of
peace almost as lone an that of the war,
has grperuil loam the peiiple by an PIPf
inereaalng burden of eviieljacate laza
eapeusee44 the gorerrinieni tn
this fouith year. after t h e war, being
more than mix times an much as tit the
year before lb: war began.
Finally, apprehending that thetr
'Theme of —rerenetruetion," whiell
meant alertly. I.llbillrilloll ..I the 5,41 , 11
10 Orr Old HA hoot nuprernacy in the
Nortn, the agent* of wine Ihe
military furor. the freeilten'a 11.,,•14.1
anti 114. '•carpet bigger•,•'plud for liren,
ser•ices out of the pocket. of the pro
pie, had failed to ct.j•de the unty lily ..1
the orgy is to its rul. p urt a 1,111
introduced into Coop. n•. at ita I ePT ou•
lion • providing for 11 large rupp y
ale hint ke lc for S..u , h••rn II)
which the arntrd (1111101 . 1 , y 017111
late the fratichire of the white and it o.k
Inajtirti oin the Hailic.4l interval Ift Itn
dreadful eceners'inuat hg•a monied had
ilia bill plaited, ilir 'ugh a cnoflit•i "1
ricer, ovredily
c.motrr 111 a civil war far more trernend
.114 Still horrible than the meet tonal war
In which we have hit•en engaged--the hit
mane, the prudent »tot the putouts
w. old wi•h to laut•b hon. the tinaglim
thin
• Much ia. In part, the amply sufficient
foundation for the arr4igionriit of 11,
RNLI len! party Ert ry rpi i• fie.. lion
IV. nl ind.rpliintdr fact (If Itte.e. 6iyl,
crimes and mi•olet111,11110r1.1." clearly
Termite of the very principlre of run tl
I, 14 in °few Iv gnthy Upon
such a Ppro i hest tun noj try in Chriorn
don ] would foil in cootie! , no Judge
would bretioitr in I rininoorr sentence
John Quincy Adams on Reconstruc.
tion
John Quincy Al into, the Democratic
nominee for Cl;;•ertior of ‘latetachiametis,
thus Plae.lia, of Radical reconst fuel ion iu
his letter accepting the oonunatwn
I larit.Vo that trite pl‘leßM9ll.hap
14 , 4.01 d harp unposed en the Souther,.
lender,. the took of bringing their people
hack two the [futon by frankly and con
offering to them, the day they
laid down their armor. right hand of
otilivi'm of the poet and reconciliation
in the future, which they might reject if
they wished or dared “Iteconstrue
ion ' line ' , corned their protests, repelled
Pirir std. ihmolied their ini.ery and in
fl-e, 'sit 'lapin an lit... Mien. Whirl/
they felt tutolerable,in ponitng over
them their slaves of yesterday to secure
their pledge of enlimitisious to the con
tatitution But for !hi. thqtenerous and
so.pisitius policy I believe we might now
have been a truly united people, the
Southern while reconciled to the /nevi
tsble,the negro occurs, in bin ei•il rights,
and stunning political privileges as he
grew fit to use them wisely, and the
North enabled by a victory more noble
thin any feat of arms —the conquest of
its own pamslon•, I wilt not ar gue she
unconetitutlonality of "reconstruotion "
The almost unanimous disinclination of
the Republicans in Qongretts to allow it
to undergo the Peri/tiny of the Supreme
Court, would seem to confirm the report
ed statement of the lamented Stevens,
-that only two damned fools in the party
believed the Reconstruction acts to be
constit'utlnnal." Even tf they were so.
I should deem them unwise The Union
they impose is to my eyes no more like
a true Union of hearts and hands than a
galvanic corpse resembles a healthy
man All the doings of men are go,
arned by the laws of nature. The at
tempt to subordinate the trained and
able classes of white landholders at the
South to the poor, ignorant,dohatted, and
landless freedmen, is one of those futile
struggles to repeal God's law by statute'
with which history abounds • It Must
fail, hut it is of great moment that it
should he plopped at once. Every day
it lobo, it is encouraging false hopes in
the beget and rendering a rentimption
of a true relation bet vireo the bin ke
.11.1 ttfliten more•diftleult. - I -chink, tint
neither the ioto moo nor the destiny ot
thin pet pie will slow guy permanent dons
'notion to the AM( an nice in any State of
the Union. But the Republican party in
irrevocably pl. Iged In this idea. They
host ntok s itol their «shortie.. an /11• party
on ion Irintopti. To thin idol they nocri
need their conntittitionol oltliginimite in
the past, and for it they mint find fresh
Alerting(' in the fiature. The IVivlkr
must hove land. and onto and a stand
1111( army to inointain them fu t4;:ir
piteition Thor ate clamorong tr them
now. and the Unite I State. 11111• I furnish
them. The pith upon which Cottgreim
has entered Prlmits of no hal.. and re•
treat in'ruiti. Iti "my opinion 111111.11
begin anew ; ticking the elinnthuidin
for our pude and mound laws for our
limitatione. It in true that the Demo.
psalm party in niteer,4 fitly viol Ile the
pit dges or adversity, and again puhr•rt
Lb...organic law. Tice teochingo owl the
prnictiee of Itotllctitnin lily., destroyed
much of the tilt' reverence for the pre
cious legacy of our oncentors We may
dread lent they should do t hie Ihine,bUt
we do certainly know that the heittibli
ein party honalreatly Bonn It. At boast
it in a ebonite— a tont cbotioe or rule*
lion. If that foils If we milt nib
nut to the whims of a trinjitrity, without
nppeal it matter( but Rifle to me wbeth
rr it rejoice,. 111 the lit'e of lietrincrot
If a potty in the notion luny eonstitiiie
tell the sole arbiter of the conetiln
rionality of Ito two meo•uree, then ne
eennion wan Pietro' only hitentit(e ii won
not the act of a majority The battle in
lilt were ronizre-s and the Con.ditiition
For rut part. I am for rite erunt it Litton
flehring then.; opinions , i stroll net with
the Democrat', party no long as it 14 the
party of the ,o 0 ontino.
The Actual Debt and ,the Impending
Debt
While the M.licele tire hii•y in din
rute.4 eetn elle.bec the public drib' •i•ell
above or kilo below Twenty-nye lino
tired I.lill,olt+—lntiopelailefil f the 1 1 4
11480 11,..1r0tt.1.11.b1 they crre(a Ily I. rep
out nt eight the cen'luEenl riphr . Mr
Marren e Itedled ehiliirnoin of the
Committee on churns in the 39th Con
go pt. •n.. 1 .
Mr So .ilcrr. 1 knqir very well the ,
there sre rrwrnnv why
he ei pre.o.toi 1/or toxiinti
now gro.tim With Ine weight of publtr
.1.10 awl streets try inner tn. nil our
eredil mil-. Gr nii.ititniord I know trial
there Are note f 1 ...toe el War
11.1.1 Wilton in min...int th...J
$4,000 00E000-- ireording to toy olet I
ofid clvitlin if Poluiti led al
will never he •elile.l I,l'l. I. on lb.'.
S t 2 OttO Oleft,leet I tie not G. bete they
will hr ei i.1e.1 for 11.111
Mr. wed—Will the gew tem, q le ,
me ask bum n
Mr 1).• , an.,- l'ertn.nly Sir
%Pr 8,.i well--I .1 , 1 , 1 .1 gek the Fen
Ilenlxu whether. when he refers to Ili,-
II
*•:uy 114 lit whirls CAUIIII I b'• 114 in piot e d
1. , th. , 10 Ntt r=l.rn 114 44, 4 , .•I $..1. 000 two 0011
he rooter+ to the 0.11114 111 .1 111,14 Ile
l.n•utht by perruu• In the o.evets Stole
-1.4,1y lei re Lrllln,'
ijr 1h41441141-- I refer only to clntms 4,1
14 , 3111 To r•ott.
Mr IS , •n well I w 4 lilt tisk him
whether he 1,444144 , 1 - etwun. ni l) he
brought 6t p.r.nn• m ,ht• eleren S
lotely In trh.llu,u
Mr linlnn” I ref , rto ouch clam , 114
4111 be loyal t,ll the
Matt s , xl,l 111 , .tke 1.11,10 %hen 1 iiiay
thiit it will Ink,. s.l 0011 lant itial I do 1;
iin the 11-$llllll,llOll that we Fli:0) Curti
romi.e 1111 . 0410 in 111
Wit ...tiling ow I. the - h
11 , 21891111 1 1
So ik hat h•s geed
radtclil alethorl y, ihr4 are $4 1111.1.1111 1 /
11111/ 01 tiehtN 10 nolee , lip L inded .1i 1d
11111 c 111111) :11r Ite'aro ,
pert,. 10 ',tile .Brae II Cl n ;;;,
halt the prire. and r•pudtote the 011 - er
half Softie of L 1411113 may he tin
jut . l lint 11 ;n roulrut !liar somebody I.
going to he Chelle,l 14,11 'in
6rre we ha•e $7.1/00 1)011,000 of [White
delit, for the ailjn.teil p,,ri 111.111 , 11
Ifthly about $3 11011.000,1/041 un which dC
are pay ing 'mere's!.
Thn c •tpory 11100 a Pll l l , fldlll
ahead, has it 1 Roil In't it he well
to - pe) eII a part of rile bon le , ' it•hl ut
greenback, end plop the intereet • It i•
no doubt ilie nurution of the redieel
lender', to fund the float trig debt ut
bend., payable principal nod nurrrat .0
ghld -If Deletur & - Co , can but ti up
In MI prrwnl form for halt its Nee, a••
ita) , l tt may he and convert the ye hole
• ate lionde it to clear that they will
make a •rre large rperulnlten,while at the
tame not they will meddle the country
vr h an inherent hearing debt from the
oppreeruohn of Which, thia people can
newer reliever Tbtn Is the plan, and
the people airy aP well underatand
The Expenses of the Govenment -One
Hundred and Sixty Dollars to Each
Voter.
There are eery few of our people wire
Lase eny correct idea of the knionni of
he (axea which they pay totkie biovern
inent it t hey had, there(o ld be a
general insurrection and eibellion. The
taxes arc collected to t. large degree, in
direct y Poor peopre pay thew without
knowing it. Artieles of fool of cloth
ing, and of household une,are eery high,
end the fuel in attributed to the fernier
and manufacturer, when It should be to
the taxes
Take the article of tea for inelance,an
article which is ivied by eery
family ; there is a duty of twenty five
cents a pound upon It Inlpecie. wbiob
makes it equal to thirty- two or three
cents in legal-tenders. The tea costs.
swy, fifty cotes pound in Ohm* —The
oat of exportation,, Including insurance,
is twenty-five toots. It, therefore,
stands the importer,in . hand, at seventy
five cents in specie, or about ninety•firo
cents to legal tenders, at New York. To
this is to be added the duty of thirty.
three cents, making it cost one hundred
and twenty-eight cote per pound. The
inipbrter charges a profit of fifty per cent.
upon this price—a profit upon the duty
as well as the' rest. The retail dealer
charges his profit of fifty or seventy-five
per cent eh that by the time the article
reaches the consumer, the ditty or tax
has really become sixty or seventy cents
a pound. This is a specimen of nearly
all the articles of taxation Reader, do
you know how ready articles arc taxed
either by the cuetom-houize or the inter
~e 1 rrre'e i ne? They amount ?to:no less
Ihaa autieen thousand ! In Great !W
-him,' few dozen *tholes are taxed and
sytmptification the ex mmsee of
collection are reduced to a eery small
point, whereas In this country n larva
portion of the taxes go to the east of
collecting them. When our 'tai-ftill a
were gotten up by Mr Chasedn.thettela
of the RN 041 necendeuey, everybody
writ litelontshetl at their imtnro-ily in
Europe The London Times-Zapuly re
marked that the stojects of Amikaan
fax etion were II Ottinplete ioventtify o r
ni tin the earth, everything
,d,„„ a 'meth, and everything beneath
the esr.h Upon what are we not nixed
I, e ,,iy? We are taxed upon everythin g
teat plearett the eye, the ear, the emetl
im.l the taste—everything that imtvietul,
comfortable or ornamental. W e are
taxed oat our profeeetona nit lioensea d e e di
neon the settee of our bllSini344l truilte
(tone We cannot drew a promis try nt ) t e
or it receipt, orb mortgage, or a deedor
any legal instrument. without putn et
u p on it Government stamps, which mhos
.IJ4I the tax is paid. Ewen after death
the ineitoreble rotnktere nf law pursue
tea, and ,our last wills and tesiemrnia
niuttt be duly covered with revenue
stamps, according to their va ue, or
der to gme them any validity. 'nese
lettt stomps are nt the expense n( the
widows and orphan., who generally take
under the will. We are oppre.sively
nixed before we receive au Income, and
then the income is itairlt laxei . Theve
r cf. fall in !urge degree upon the la
boring min The merchant stile his
191e1. to the pace of hia g.oids and the
Coll 4 lllller 1149 to riy them The land.
lord mererne. his rent the amount of hip
lalea
The tailor July add. 'befit to the
Mr - itUa n( hi+ cloths, mod his patrons foot
the bill But upon who to tio the laboring
man in sloth his taxer; ' NI ohotly Ills
thoulolera are Allat , t-like, and 00n.,,,t,, re ,1
brand etthagh to en-lain the t tits of the
entire coutoory But what la the /1 lfgee•
Ville 1111.101,11 1 of our tax, In
. hog,i c e n,
der+ on the Slate of Ohio' Of the I el
rral I ile4 this Stall,,,Wto tolth, ,
which anootitot rill 1.,,,,i..r mr,T7,117700):
the entire National amount being $. - oliti,
000,1100. litor State and 'roil lase.. were
$2,1,1 ttlti OW more, making titan $76,-
00 1 ,1,1)0 or this last item the Govern•
went hitll,l.", which emnunt to one-fiffh nf
411 Übe property, nod which by , ' It I.llea, I
...Tull , CP.II 1 are exempted from tazatoon,
pay to ithing. and its .hare Pio 11CCOC , 11 , ly
'hurt upon the laborer to pay There
*AI' iliti,tothl voters in Ohio, and upon an
average each of them pay Site) a yearth
the tax fe ilicreee Is not fine a frighifill
Num ' lioppoiar it were demanded at
once, how many voter. would he unable
to tiny il ' But is tat none the Ivor, lip
oirroiatre hector. , it is collected 11l small
atoms in Ow cour-e of the year But
$1 1;9 would pay for all the iltur an: all
the giNtrei 1 n wh-ch ~ are contruntrol by
ordinary falai us in the crouraii of a
l Wel., !WI 11 111 Voleell, WhUI , I you not
roller U.I. the money in thia way than
pay of lova 0./Yee11:11 - 11 T 11h ,, ,c. 1 pp ontrer
rural halt of It. at coat and fl roonain.
ten I, 111 of which they, to a groat ile•
ri r e.• urelrarly PI tteeniler W are to ow
the oio or appreemvely taxed people upon
the tare of the earth (treat Britain
+roil. her Eoahluthed ( ' burgh, hoir +told
tog army and nary and her std deb',
int iliterrst of which she hie In pet
ieit / , in onages to Oct along open; I - o
I.
omit thon io cold or Srot)0,0011,f moo iii li gal
to ililiira France with an Imperial Court
in I whit an army of nearly a million of
turn only c .11ecir In legal-tentleoit But
woo in the Curled Sinn s Iltllel bare in
the, dr.o. of Radical sircomilency, oat
I. oes than ti. t tillf lOWMO a year on rr:l ,. C•
NI, S4l 1..01 i 1 1, , 1•11 1 hie... , i sum nearly
elll,l 1 I the lax., ~f Frautte nod E g '
Ito I ell:, II Ib4II. t• I WI, 11 , 1, I W , Ce our
10,,,,,111,(11111114 11• P 11111641,11 r hoo.lth
r r When the Democracy weer 11l pi 114. 1. to
the Vol, il Sont++,the lax upon Ihe letter
:1 le 11,1. HY, ellWe ill ire than $lll Or $-) I
yt in . and if ' t el./ are resti , rool to their
' a +O . O lellCy. They will soon put Lack the
lasi. to atioot that figure lii paying
' the do it it to fallawilite na. greelohorloo:
lilt teem long the immense Poore"! which
1.4 11'.1e 11111 ,, Y.71.11:11a on, we shall coon
he in O 1. ''II I, Io diapetiar aoh +tamp
tor re• Hi 111- i,oxra, 1 r0jr4111.411 11111.113.5 e
pant., nu 1 1 t^eli , ... uponl,ll"lfirso, prOfell
N 1 ,41., to 1., itioin tea and coffee and ,
upon a llt ituattori other art trier 111 nn
' wloteli the consumer lit conooapienco of
taxe•, is uaw paying double orice,with
not really knowing it A no e for the
Democrat-Ir, ticket ie, theteli,re, a rote to
he rod of laxatonn in its most of• nose
phases. s, sole r o e the ltertiltlican
ticket it a vide to eikatinue, yea, la ail I
to it Bo bort: tooter+ do you prefer "
' kre your party feelings all a ring il , at
you are willing to he hurdenrol with a
lax of more then $lOO a year lifIllY0 .1 •
.arily. In order to grittify,i 1„:.., That ta-.
.lactly the slate of the ' ca, [Wore
the Ilenublicarin screened to power pitch
'‘ thing rte an income tax. a tax upon
mire, Itren44 . l.t. profeemons. a tok; upon
tea or coffee, and etampt late , ' well . 011
k 1T1 . 1iey.. , " 11 would erem literally moos
sobjar-ollat nay reasonable man. ANOMIE
....1 with the facts on the rice would
11 .)!e for the retention (If these taxes sty
aging him etttf rage to the present admen
titration Only the gr , ssent ignorance
and the deepeal prejudice will he o - ty
excu, ftir an act so foolish and euicidal.
The vitality of 'republican governments
in, indeed now on trial for if the peopla
cannot appreciare the important issues
of ouch an election RA now to nding. it
is entirely useless to talk about their do
ing so in the future --Cm Enquver `,..
----The other night when the “Tan
ners" were out on parade In Mileaburg
the sweetheart of one of them threw a
soft tomato fropvher window, which
struck him in the mouth. Ile imagined
himself the victim of Kn-fklux tnaievo
lance. lie throw himself into the arms
of a comrade, and, fainting away, el
claimed • nell my mother that I perish
ed for 'what I thought was right Oh,
emariides, avenge my death!" As may
be imagined, he had A big satire on.
—Have the Radical Sari age Bank
managers ever paid back in gold to our
servant girls and laboring men the de
posits they received in gold? Is that
not repudiation of indebtedness ? Is It
any the leas repudiation because it has
the sanction of a form of law—the legal
tender net ° '