~--_ PRESIDENTS ; INISSAGE 'l ^ Felloon•Ciiiirma of ISo &nal* and Holm of Repratentalivea: The continued Aisorgenisetion of the , Union to which the President has Jo often 1 4, lied the attention of Cloven, is yet a subject of profound and patriotic concern . We may, however, find some relief from that anxiety In the reflection that the painful political 1111Ust100, although untried by our selves, is not new in lin experience of na tion', Political science, perhaps as highly per fected in our own time and country as in any other, hag not yet disclosed any memos by which civil wars can be absolutely pre vented ; an enlightened nation, however, with a wine and beneficent Constitution et free government, may diminish their fre quency and mitigate their severity. by di reeling all its proceedings in accordance with its fundamental law. !Then ~ civil war has been brought to a aleeedi is mandeetly the first interest and duly of the Stale to repair the injuries Install the war has inflic ted, and to secure the benefit of the lessons it teaohes, as fully and ate speedily as pos sible Tble duty pen, upon the termination of the rebellion, ' promptly incepted, not only by the Elm:move Department, but by the insurrectionary Staten themselves, and restoration in the first mooned of peatie,win believed to In se (tiny and certain as it wee iudiepaneable, The egepeetations, however, then so rea sonably and confidently entertained, were disappointedly intention from which I to It constrained, by my obligations to the Con stitution, to withhold my assent, It te, therefore, a mourn of profound regret that in complying with the.obligaiion imposed upon the President by the Constitution, to give to Canyon from time to time informa tion of the state of the Union, I am unable to communicate any definite adjustment satisfaetory to the American people, of the questions which, Bloc* the close of the re beilion,hav• •ginted the public mind. On the contrary. candor compels me to declare that at this lime there he no Union as our fathers understood the term, end me My meant it to be understood by tie. The Un ion which they established can cunt only where all y t: Stales are repesented in both Houma ogres., •where one State is as free as another to regulate tie internal cot:- terns scoordiog to its will." antrwhere the laws of the central government, strictly con Bed to matters of national jurisdiction, ap• ply with equal force to all the people of every section That such is sot the p "stale of the Union"- is a melancholy fact, and we all ..must Acknowledge that Abe restoration of the Stateis to their proper legal relations. with thie Federal Government. and with one another, according to the terms of the original compact, would be the gralest tem poral ?Being which God, in his kindest proreld oft, could bestow upon this ration. It b hitmlit our Imperative duty to consid er whether or not It le impossible to effect this molt desirable consummation, The Union and the Constitution are inseparable. As long as one Is obeyed by all parties, tae other will be p d ; and if one is des troyed, both mull perish together. The destreetion of the Constitution will be tot: lowed by other and still greeter calam i effp. It was ordained not only to form a niche perfect Union between the Stales, but to "establish justice, insure domestic I mogul I- Ay, provide for the common defence, pro mote ibegeneral welfare, and eeoure the blessingsoaf liberty to ourseleep and our posterity." Nothing kut implicit ; obethitnoe to its requirements, in' all parts °Tibet:wee ny, will atmomplish these great ends, With out that obedience we can look forward only to continue! outrages upon individual rights, incessant breaches of the public pesos, national weakness, finsnaial dislion or, the total loss of our prosperity, the gen eral oorruption of morals and the final ex thiation of popular freedom. To save cur country from evil@ so •palling as theme, we should renew our efforts again and again. To me the proem of restoration tweed, perfectly plain and • simple. It consists merely in a faithful application of the Con siltution and the lows. The execution of the laws is not now obstructed or opposed by Opens' force ; there is no military or other necessity, real or pretended, which can prevent obedience to the Cone titution either North or South. All the rights and all the obligations of Stand and Individuals an be protected sod enforced by meant, perfectly consisioni with be frintiameniel law. The courts may be everywhere open and, if open, their process would be un impeded. Crimes evilest the United Stain as be p ted or punished by the proper judital authorities in a manner entirely practicable and legal. There itt7therefore, no reason why the Constitution should not be obeyed, unless those who exercise its powers have deter mined that it shall be dieregarded and •io lated,l The mere naked will of this Government, or of home one cr more of its branches, hi the only obeteole that can ex iit to a perfect Union of all the States. On this momentous question, and some of the measures growing out of it. 1 have bed ' the misfortuee to differ from Congress, end bane expressed my Consiolion• without re. verve, though with becoming deference to the opinion of the Legislative Department Those convictions are not only unchang ed but strengthened by subsequent events and further reflection The transoendent importance of the subject will be a toulB linen excuse for oiling your attention to some of the reasons e w nth have so strongly influenced my cow ' dgement The hope that we may all fine concur In a mode of settlement isomiistatit or once with our true interest, and with our sworn duties to the Conetitution, is too natural and too just to be easily relinquished It Is clear to my apprehension that the States lately in rebellion are still members of the National Union. When did they cease to be sot The .fOrdinanoes of Se-, siespion" adopted by a portion—in most on them a very small portion—of their thine@ Were mere nullities. If we admit now That they were valid and effectual for She pur pose intended by their authore, we will sweep from under our feet the whole ground upon which we justified the war. Were thole States afterwards expelled from the Union by the war? The direct contrary wee averred by this government to be its purpose and was so understood by all those who gavetheir blood and treasure to aid in its prosecution. It cannot be that a successful war, waged Yor the p lion of the Union, bad the legal effect of dissolving It. The victory of .thenesion's arms wao not the disgrabe of 'her policy; the defeat of Secession on the Riaielip-figig was not the triumph of its law less principles; nor could Congress, with, or without die consent of the Execaitiveja anything which would haws ; the effeCt rectijr or indrectly,of sepergiieg the States fragLoank other. To dissolve the Union le to repeal the Cenatilution whigh holds ft together, and thine a power which dose not belong to any department of this ion' , velment, or to all of them united. Pile is so plain that it has been atiknowl tidied by all branches of the Federal Gov, ernment. The Beintilira, my predeeesso7. am well se myself, and the heads of all the departments have uniformly acted upon the principle that the Union is net only undis solved, but indissoluble. Congress submit aid an amendment to the Constitution to be ratified bi - the Southern States, and scoop. ted their acts of ratification as a neon, nary and lawful exercise of their highest fent:floe. It they were not Slidell, or were .fitifirs out of the Union, their consent to a obeemr.ln the fundamental law of the Union would bare bead nugatory, and Con gress in asking it committed • ;political eh surdit y. TbeJudisiary has also glven the solemn smoke* of iii authority to the same view of the GAMS. The Judges of the Supreme Court bays Indulged lbw Southern States in their c Intuits and they are eunstantlY . bone sod glee where, exercising jarisdiett lon which doe. not belong to them. union those States are Slates of the Union. If the Southern States are component parts of the Vision, the Constitution is the supreme law for them, as It la for ail the other States. - They are bound to obey It. and so Sr. wo. .The right of the Federal G overn meat, which is clur and unquestionable, to enforce the Constitution upon them, Implies the oorelatlea — obligetion on our part to O nuse its limitailotteind entente warranties, Without the Constitution we are nothing; by, through and coder the Constitution we terp wised it makes use. We Slay 'if - taint the wisdom of the law t we may net approve of Its provisions, but we osmotic violate it merely because it sumo tgallinalle wt'-powers within limits narrower Sipa Obsowlil wish. It is not a question efladividnal, or slam, or sectioned interest midi toss of party prodowliaboo, but of . . Vo althniaw . "STATZI RIGBTB AND PEDEZAL UNION." . -._. • VOL.XII. iL.r---t- duly—of high and sacred duly—which we are all sworn in pVeform, If we cannot support the Constitution With the cheerful alacrity of dines who love end believedafh it, we must give to it. nt least, the fidelity of pantie servants who act under solemn obligations and command, which they dare not dist egerd. Tine constitutional duty is not the only one which requires the Staten to be restored , there is another considera tion, whisk, thoggh of minor importance, {met of great weight. 00.11 CT OF LATH Wsn On the 22.1 tiny of July, 18(11, Congress declared, by an almost unanimous rote of both llourre,tbat the war should be conduit ed solely for the purpose of p leg the Union and maintaining the supremacy of the Federal Constitution and laws. without Impairing the thgtoiy, equality and righir of the States or of individuals, and that when this was done the war should cease. I do not say that aim declaration is per sonally binding on those whojoined in mak ing it, any more then individual members of Congress are personally bound to pay a public debt created under a law for which they Toted But it was a solemn public official pledge of the national honor, and 1 cannot itnngitie upon what grounds the re pudiation of It it to 110 justified. If it be maid that we are not bound to keep faith with rebele,let it be remembered, this promise was not made to rebel. only. Thousands of true men in the South were drawn to our standard by it, and hundreds of thousand. In the North gave their lives in the belief that it would be carried out. It was made on the day after the that great battle of the war had been fought and lost All patriotic and intelligent men then saw the necessity of giving such an assurance, and believed that without lithe war would end in disaster to our coupe. Having given that assurance in the extremity of our peril lice violation of it now, in the day of our power, would be a rude rending of that good faith which holds the moral world to gether. Our country would cease to have any claims upon the con/deuce of men. It would make the war not only a failure but a fraud. Doing sincerely convinced that (heel views are correct, I would be unfaithful to my duty if I did not recommend the repeal of the acts of Congress which place len of the, Southern States under the domination of tut lite?* mast ens. If calm reflect ion shall satisfy a majority of your honorable bodies that the mots referred to are not only a vio. lation of the national faith, but in direct conflict with the Constitution, I dare not permit myself to doubt that you will imme diately strike them from the statute book. To demonstrate the unconstitutional char. acter of those acts, I need do no more than refer to their general provision.. It must be amen at once that they are CU- Ihorned. To dictate what alterations shall be made in the constitution. of the States ; to control the elections orate State legislator. and State officer., members of Congress and electors of President sod Vice President by arbitrarily declaring wboshall vote anti who shall be etcluded from that prising. ; to dintolve State legislatures or prevent therm from Assembling ; to dl.. mice jndges and other civil funellonitries of the State and appoint others without re gard to Slate law ; to organize and operate all the political machinery of the States ; to 'egoista the whole ethninistratiou of their domestic and local affairs according to the mere will of strange and irreeponell le agents bent among them for !hot purpose. These are powers not granted to the Fed eral Uovernment,or to any one of its branch es ; not being granted, we violate our trust by amitunlog them as palpably as he would by noting in the face of a positive interdict, for the Coosiitutiou forbids ua to do what ever it does not affirmatively. authorize, even by expre.s words or by clear implica tion. If the authority we desire to use does not come to us through the Constitu tion, um can ezerci•• it only by usurpat ion, and usurpation is one of the moat danger -01121 of political crimes By thal„eritme the enemies of free government in all ages have worked out their designs again nubile lib erty end private right. It lied, directly anti immediately to the estsibllatiment of ab nolute rule ; for undelegated power is •I ways unlimited and unrestrained. The sets of Congress to question are not only objection& le for their mrsumption of uogranted power, but May of their provisions are in con filet with the direct prohibitions of the Coast.. wain. The Comtitution commands that c re publican form of government shall be guano tied to nil the States ; that no permit, Asti be deprived of life, liberty or property, without due process of law ; arrested with out a judicial vrarrent, or punished without a fair trial before an impartial jury ; that the privilege of Amber. corpus shall not be denied in time of peace, and that no bill of attainder shall he passed even against a single individual. Yet the system of measures established by these net. of Congress does totally .obvert and dearly., the form no well as the sobetance of republican government. In the ten. Stales to which theyapp.y I i.t binds them hand and foot in absolute slavery, and subject. them to a strange and hostile power more unlimited and wore likely to be slimed than any other now known among civilised men. It tramples down all those rights In which the ...nee of liberty consiste, and which a free government is •Iways most careful to protect. It denies the Ana.. .rpm and trial by jury- Personal freedom, properly and life, if usalied by the pension, the prided!ee or the rapacity of the ruler, have no aecurity whatever It haa the effect of • b ill of attainder, or bill of pains and pecalties, not upon • few individnale, but upon whole =some, inalndhlg the million. who inhabit the subject States, and even their ma imed eh ildren. Them wrongs being espresely forbidden, cannot be constitutionally Inflicted upon sty portion of our people, no matter how they may have come within our jarmdration, end no matter whether they live In State., Ter riturie. or District. I bare no desire to save from the proper and just consequelicee of their great mime those who engaged in rebellion scaled the govern ment but as • mode of punishment, the mew. cures under consoleretion ate the newt unrea dable that could be invented. Many of those persons are perfectly Innocent. Many kept their fidelity to the Union untainted to the lent. Many were incapable of any legal offence. A large proportme even of the persons able to bear arms were forced into rebellion agalut their will, and of those who are guilty with their own minuet, the deg... of guilt are various as the shades of their oberaeter and temper. Bat them seta of Congress oonfound them all together to one common doom. indleariminam vengeance upon alums, loots, and petite, or upon whole oommunities for °femme committed by a portion of them against the governments to which they owed obedience, we. common in the barbarous age. ofthe worl d. But Christi anity and els ili.tion have made snob moire., that remount. to a punishment so cruel and ad just would meet with tun condemnation of all unprejudiced and right-minded men. The punitive justice of this age, and especially of the, -country , does not could In 'tripping whole State. of their liberties and radioing all their people. without dlstination, to the condi tion of slavery. It deals iteparately with each confines itself to the forms of law, and vindicate. Ile own purity by au impartial examination of every case before a competent jud Mud tribunal . If this does not satisfy all our desires with regard to Southern rebels, let us console our selves by reflecting that a free Conetitution, triumphant in war and unbroken to peace, Is worth far more to di and oar children than the gratification of any prevent Atelier. I am aware it Is unlined that this 'Mem of government of the/loathers Eitateilis-not to be perpetual It is tree Ode military government I Is to be only pros htionel, bat it ie through this temporary evil that a greeter evil is to be made perpetual. If the guaranties of the Conti.- lion can he broken provisionally to serve e temporary purpose, end In part only of the country, we can dmtroy them everywhere, and for all time. Arbitry measures often change but they generally change for the worse. It I. the Mule of &spottiest that It has as ,halting pia.. The !outstared wrote. of Ito 'power Isriap_so seas. nearly to lac 'Jens. for they An sewer know what man they Will be t 1 pd upon to update whim it red right head Is to plainwthema apish Nor. ielt possible to Juror* hew or whom paws alt. minion by law may 'sok its sash TWWIS. The States that an WU tree may be sabred at any moment, for if the Constitution does not protect all, it prditeota none. It is manilemly and avowedly the object of then law, to confer upon negroes the privilege of voting, and to diefranchire such a number of while citizen. a will give the former • clear majority at all elections in Southern Staten. Tit is, to the minds of some pardons, is ea ill. port.. t, that a violation of the Conetitution is Justified •e • means of bringing It *bout The morality is always fain which exeunt in a wrong heron., It propene to accomplish • de e irable end. We are not perm sited to do evil that good may mime. But in that nee the end Iteelf is en la wall as the mettle. The subju gation of Staten to negro domination would be worn than the military despotism under which they are now etdrering It was believed before hand that the people would endure an" amount of military opprenton for any length of time, nth, than degrade themselves by cubicalon to the negro race. Therefore they bane been left without a rho in. Negro suffrage was established by set of Con gress, and the military sfficero were commanded to super intend the process o fclolhm g the negro sane with political pri•ileges torn from white w. men• The blacks of the South. pre entitled to be well and humanely governed, end to have the protection of just laws for all their rights of penmen cod property. If it were practicable al this time le give them a gov ernment exclusively their own,under which they might manage their own affairs in their own way, it would become • grave question whether we ought to du no, or whether common humanity would not re quire us to save them frcm themselves But, under the circumstances, thin is only a epeculattee point It is not propose! merely that they shall govern themselves, but that they 811.11 r tile the white race. make and administer State laws,elect ]'resi dents and members of Cpogress, and shape, to a greater or lees iriteift,the futuredeettny of the whole country. Would ;mob a trust and power be safe in such hands The pa culler qualities which should characterise any peoplq, who are itt to decide upon the management of public affairs for a great State, have seldom been Aombined. It is the glory of white men to know they have ICad these qualities In sufficient meas ure to build upon this continent • great po kapott fabric, and to preserve its stability for more than ninety years, while in every other part of the world all similar experi. meets have failed. But if anything can be proved by known facts ; it all reasonig up on evidence is not abandoned it must be ao knowledged that in the progressed nations negroes have shown less capacity for go. ernment than any other moo of people. No independent government of any form has ever been successful in their bands. On the contrary' wherever they have been left to their own devices they knee shown a con stant tendency to relapse into barbarism. In the SouthernBtates,however,Cougress has undertaken to confer upon them the privilege of the ballot. Just released from slavery. it may be doubtful whether, as • class, they know, more thantheirancestorn, bow to organise sod regulate civil society Indeed, it is ddmiqd that the blacks of the South are not poly regardless of the rights of property, but to utterly ignorant of pub lic affairs that their voting can consist in nothing more than carrying a ballot to the place where they are directed to deposit it I need slit remind you that the exercise of the elective franchise is the highest at tribute of an American citizen, and that when guided by virtue, intelligence anal triotiem, ands proper appreciation of our free institutions, it constitutes the true ba sis of • Democratic form of Government, in which the sovereign power is lodged in the body of the people A trust artificially created, notfor its own sake,but solely as a of means promoting the general welfareote Influence for gond must nee ..... ily depend upon the elevated character and true alle giance of the elector , it ought, therefore, to be reposed in none except those who are fitted, morally and mentally, to administer it well, for if conferred upon persons who do not justly estimate its value,oud who ere toditlerent as to its result., it will only Insane of placing power In the bands of the unprincipled and ambitious, and moat eventually end in the complete de• struction of that liberty of which it should be the most powerful conservator. I have, therefore, heretofore urged upon your RV tuition the great danger to be apprehended from an untimely esteemon of the elective franchise to any new elase in our counoy, especially when the large majority of that alas., in wielding the power thus placed in their hands. cannot be expected correctly to comprehend the ditties and reeponsibili ties which pertain to suffrage. Yesterday, as it Were, four millions of persons were held in a condition of slavery that had exis ted for generations To-day they aro free men, and dre assumed by law to be citizens It cannot be presumed from their previous condition of servitude that as a glass they are so well informed ae to the nature of our government as the intelligent foreigner who makes our land the home of hie choice. In the case of the latter, neither • resi dence of five years nor the knowledge of oar institutions which it gives, nor attach ment to the principles of the Constitution •re the only conditions upon which he can be admitted to cititenship. Ile must prove in addition, a good moral character, and thus give reasonable ground for the belief that he will be faithful to the obligati°n■ which he &seemee as a Citizen of the Re public Where a people, the source of all political power; speak Joy their eufirages through the instrumentality of the ballot box, it must be carefully guarded against the control of thane who ere corrupt in principle sod enemies of free institution., for it can only become to our political and social system a safe conductor of healthy popular sentiment when kept free from de moralising influences Controlled through fraud and usurpation by the designing. an archy and despotism must inevitably follow In the hands of the patriotic and worthy, our government will be preserved upon the principles of the Constitution inherited from our fathers. It follow., therefore, that in admitting to the ballot box a new oleos of voters, not qualified for tho exercise of the elective ft anchise, we weaken our system ofgovern arnment instead of adding streagth and du rability.' I yield to no one in attachment to that rale of general suffrage which distinguish ea our polio? sea nation. But there is a ob d bitherto,whieh makes the ballot a privilege and a trust which requires of some ol 00000 a Hoe suitable for probation and preparation. To give it in diecriminately to a new oleos, /wholly on. prepared by previous habits 01 opportuni ties to perform the trust which it demands, ie to degrade tt, and finally destroy its pow or, for it may be safely •ssumect that no politioal truth is better establikher them that such Indiscriminate and all-embracing extension of popular suffrage must end at last in its overthow and destruction. I repeal the expreseion of my willingness to join in any plan within the scope of our constitutional authority which promises to better the condition of the negroes in the South, by encouraging 0300 in industry, enlightening their minds, improving their morale and giving protection to all their just rights as freedmen. But the traooferf of our political Inheritance to them, would In my opinion, be an abandoment of • duly which be owe 'ZIA' to the memory of our fathers end, life righti of our ablidren. The , hatelf Fretting the Southern States wholiy,oand the General Government parti ally, into the bands of negroes, Is proposed at a time peculiarly unpropitous. The foondatiousrof society have been broke. up by civil war. !minim, must be reorganis ed, just's* vt-establlshed, public credit maintained, and order brought cut of con fusion. Te sesotiailieh Vises ends would require all the wisdom and virtue •f the great men who formed our institutions *rig loony. I sonildeittly believe that their de co dents them w i;l l . but a i r i 5 . 1 .1 L i t bee than ardu arduous i . a e s a k . 1 , te :sapt that negroes will perform it far as vil mkt wit to ask their sr BELLEFONTE, PA., FRIDAY DECEMBER 13, 1867 sislance until we despair of our own cam petency. The great differTnee between the lii .,,s . races in physical, nltintnl and moral chnr•c lerislies will prevent an amalgamation or ic fusion of them loge •in one homogeneous mane If the inferil Übtams the riseenden• cy over Ilia other, it. I goveraitith refer ence only to its own terests--for it still recognize no common Interest—and create such a tyranny as this Conti Perilll , 9 never yet witnessed Already the negrne are in fluenced by promises of confi4ention soil plunder ~ they are taught to regard as nit enemy every while man who has oily re spect for the rights of his own race If•this continues it must become worse and womb, until all order will hosulierrtell, all industry cense, and the fertile field. t 4 the South grow tip into . wilderness 01 all the dangers which our nation line yet encountered, none are equal to tho4o which must result front the 111.10C14111 of the effort now making to Africnnize the half of our country I w..tild not put considerations of money in comet mon with justice and right. illll the espenses incident to reconstruction Ott der the system adopted by Congress aggra vale what I regard as the jntrinmo wrong of the measure itself- It has coot 1111.0111- ed mtlliona already. and if persisted in will add largely to the weight of taxation iilready to oppressive to he borne without Just coin plaint, and may finally reduce the treasury of the nation to a condition of bankruptcy We must not delude ourselves It will re quire a strong standuig army, and probably more than two hundred millions of dollars per annum to maintain the oupromacy of negro governments after they are establish ed The sum thus thrown away would if properly used, form a sinking fund large enough to pay the whole national debt to lee. than fifteen years It is vain to hope that negroes will maintain their .....viidoncy themselves. Without military power they are wholly incapable of boltimg in eubjee lion the while people of the South. I nub mit to the judgment of Congress whether the public credit may not be injuriously af fected by a system of measures like this With our debt,and the vast private interests which are complicated with it, me .canoot be too cautious of a policy which might by possibilityjmpair the confidence of the world in our government. That confidence can only be retained by carefully inculcat ing the principles of justice and honor en the popular mind, and by the most esrupu lone fidelity to all our engagememenis of every sort. Any serious breach of the or ganic law, persisted in for a considerable lime, cannot but oreiVe fear' for the etabili• ty of our institutions. " habitual violation of prescribed rules, which we bind aureate .ea to observe, Must demoralize the people. Our only standard of civil duty being set at naught, the sheet andhor of our political morality is lost, the public conscience swings from its m•oringe and yields lo ov er, impulse of passion and interest. If we repudiate the Constitution we will not he expected to care much for niece pecuniary obligati°. The violation of such a pledge se we made on the 2.2.1 of July, 1801,-wilassureilly di. mietsh the market value of 'Mir promises ; besides, if we now acknowledge that the na tionaldebt wan created not to hold the Stele; in the Union, as the tax-payers were led to suppose, but to expel them from it and band them over to be governed by De grees, the moral duty to pay it may seem much less clear. 1 say it may seen] so. for I do not admit that this or •ny other argu ment in favor of repiadmuon can be enter tabled impound ; hut its influence on imnie classes of mind. may well be apprehended The 612111101111 honor of a great commercial nation, largely indebted, and with a repub. bean form of government administered by agents of the popular choice, is a thing of such delicate ten tire,atl the destruenou of it would he followed by such unepeaasble calamity, that every true patriot must de sire to avoid whatever might expose it to the slightest danger. The great interests of the country require Immediate relief from these enactments Business in the Souib is paralyzed by a sense of general insecurity, a terror ul 000- 640111100 and the dread of neyro numeintcy. The Southern trade from which the North have derived so great a profit muter," got ernorent of law, still Moguls... mitt cnu never re revived until to ceases iolit fetter ed by the arbitrary power which pokes all its operat 300 01111/111, That rich the richest in nottounl resources the world ever sow, iv worse Mau lost. if it he Out soon placed under the protection of a free conantunon In.trad of IL being as it ougnt to be, a source of wealth and power, it will become an intolerable burden upon the rest of the nation. .. • Another reason for retracing our steps will doubtless be mien by Congress, in the late manifestations of public opinion tipon this subject We live in a country where popular will always enforces obedience to itself, sooner or later. It is vain to Molt of opposing it with anything abort of a legal authority, backed by overwhelming foree. It cannot have escaped your alien Lion that, from the day on which Congress fairly and formally presented the proposi tion to govern the Southern States by mil itary force, witha view to tbe ultimate es tabilebinent of negro supreinaoy, every ex pression of the general sentiment has been more or less adverse to it. 'the affections of this generation cannot be detached from the institutions of their amours Their daternonation to preserve the inheritance of free government in their own hanus, and transmit it undivided and ugampaired,"\lo their own posterity, is too strong to be sue easefully opposed. Every weaker passion will disappear before that love of liberty and law for which the American people are distinguished shove all others in the world. flow for the duly of the President "to p , protect and defend the Constitu tion" requires him to ga on in opposing au unconstitutional act. of Consresa, is a very serious and important question, au which 1 have deliberated emelt and felt ex tremely anxious to reach a propor conclu sion. Where an not has been passed so cordpg to the forms of the Constitution, by the supreme legislative authority, nod regularly enrolled among the public statues of tae country. executive resistance to it, especially in time of high pasty crake. meat, would he likely to produce violent oolliaion between the respective adherents of the two branches of the government. This would be simply civil war, and civil war must be resorted to only as the last remedy for the worst of evils. Whatever might tend•to provoke it should be most carefully avoided. A faithful and Googol callous magistrate will concede very much to honest error and something even to per verse omit., before he will adopt forci ble measures, or such no might le .d to force, as long as those which are p ble remain open to him or to his o . pnatituents. It is true that oases may occur In which the Executive would be compelled to stand on its rights, and maintain them regardless of all consequences. If Congress should pass an act lamb is not only in palpable con duct with the Coustitution, but will,certatu ly, if carried out, produce immediate and irreparable injury to the organic) simmer' ,•f the government, and if there be neither udietal remedy for the wrongs it *Mew, nor power in the people to protect Nam selves without the official aid of their elect. ed defender ; U, for inetanee, the Legisla tive Department should pass an act. even through all the forms of law,to abolish a co ordinate department of ibe government, io snob a sass the President must take the high responsibilities of his office, and save ote life of the nation at all bawds. The so-milled Beconetruallon acts, though as plainly uncenetiantlonal w Soy that lien be imegulea, were not believed to be within the elms hot coutedidosidr Ohs people were net wholly dlearesiii of die power of self defence. In all the Northern Stales they stilltheld lit their bands the d rightief the ballet,, It was sate to helices that In due time they woad some is the 'rem' of SI their own magnotiorm. It gives mepleita mre to odd that the appeal In our cottons constltuancelvas not token in en in, and that my confidence in then a isdom and v trine seem, not to bite been ratoplieed It to well and publicly known that roar mono frau 14 it toe keen rerpotranal on the Treasury. and thou coloinal fort once have been mode at the piddle c'tpen,; Oil, spe cies of corruption line inereliard, of Ince-3a mg. turd Il iml tlitoon-1.31, will wont bring 1/3 11110 10110 tuirt nod d i.tgl a ;a The ion', lie creditors nod the Pat payers are alike inter cried in an bony, tillointoratton ol hr ti— itance, nod neither elm, wtll long endure Ihe high Immhol robberies that have recent ly occurred For thin illecreditable 01011' of 'bingo there are merestiiisee Santo of the inae4 ate so !old as to prevent au iire instable tr..pl 11 Jun tO evade pay 01.111 The grc slllll4 l ay will by (town, 0-11100 at frond, efellle a pre truce WIII It 1.1 more than the virtue of ninny can with, ltd nail there nun be tto donhi lbai Ihe Opl.ll d regord at coast iiiit tonal übligal tons toward by sonic lit the Itighe3l and ino3l. 101111:1111111 Men 111 the .111111 y, h. greatly we Ott lied the motal sense of those who reeve in viih or aloof.. lit tor. The ex 11(.1141 , 4 01 the Untied 81a1e4 inelo11• nig intere•l li 1 the I oblie 110,1, as t• , re than etx [means much 01 t'pe trete tt• seri years ago To collict and disburse 1,13 Waal amount require, esreftil 311pervibion lie well nn ..3,trotatie vigilance The ot, never perfected, was attach iholtrglinlved by the •••1 mime of Office'bill. ' which 11, tl moot destroyed official needtntiabilu3 The Premslent may bo thorongh iy .1.10(1 !hal no 105Cer is local/ thle, alehtmeat 01111 111111111hful to the Como itutnin, under the law which I have named, the attar, he can do IS to eoloplato 10 'he Senate, and ask the privilege of supplying his place with o better meo. Illhe Senate Ito regar ded an personally or politioally hostile to the Prestilent. it II natural itti4 not altogether unreasonable fiwAlie officer to eapect trot It will take his Fad as far an possible, e store b un to lits'place, and give him n Ire urph over h. Executive superior. The officer bee other chances of impuni tyr arising from acentental dereets at evi dence, the etude of investigtiling it au•l the secrecy of the hearing ItTs not wonder ful that official malfeasance should 111,01110 bold in proportion as the delinquent,. I.• nn to think themaalica safe I inn entirely pereunded that under notch a role the 1'; es dent cannot perform the great duty eil to him of neetug the laws faithfully ex ecuted, and that it disables him most es pecially from enforcing that rigid account ability which is necessary to tlio due; scot don of the Revenue laws The Constitution tercets the President with the authority to decide whether •a re moral should be made In any giver. ease ; the act of Congress declares no rul.t toce thus he shall only accuse bUCLI as he nap• pones to be unworthy of their oust. 'l•he Conntitutiop makes hßn the sole judge is the premises, but the stMlite lakes away hinjurisd mime, transfers it to the Senate, and leaves him nothing but the odious, and nometimen impracticable duty of becoming a prosecutor. The prosecution is to ho con duct before asttbutial whose members arc not, like him, responstble to the whole peo plc, but to separate constituent bodies, and who may hear his gemination with great disfavor. 'rho Senate is absolutely without any known standard of deciltiou applicable In such a (.1140 tie judgment Clllllloi be Onlkotpatent, for it is mit governed by ally rate The law does not define what shall be deemed good . came ft r remoml; is is im possible even to conjeoture what may or May not be so coneidered by the-,Senatir.— The nature el the subject lot Inds dicer proof. " If the charge be mate:icily, what evidence will support ii? Fidelity to the Constitution only he understood us mi•tin derstood in it thousand different ways, null by violent pnrty own, 111 Ifloifut party time, unlititlitulness to the Con/until tun Igmy even come to be oOntlidered ineritortails. If she olhcer he atcused of dtslionesty, how shall it he made wit' Will It bit inlet red hunt ads uneutiLecied with public duty, from vitae history, a 110111 geoes 11 rpe onion • Or must the President Anal! the CIIIIIIIIIsbIOII of e 1 uctitsi mitdeineana 111 Mime Shall he, In the weeellitie. 1101. the shame to and tamest of the 111111011 tioutls at men to Whom he 001,1101 giro his cutatidease-e.etNitml. he tabs it hot COIIIIIII 1,11 the iiitschiet 1 done and cannot lie prevaited • It lits rent In the public ter viee should impel him to stillapa"le the tv t act, must be move tit the !will of ho nag tried hornet! tut the offence 01 sl 11. 11 tug hts - -subordinate" In the Jo Litt tit r Coloviallees ell the euuntineliame one tot al he held rtsponsible tor official lleholiortiey of every Lind It IS exit einely say whole that tesponcibility should ho thrown, if It lie not lett whew it bus been &need by the Coustitution. Cut alt Just I mon will admit that LA President ought to be entirely relieved from awl, rope:Jetfoil ty, if he cannot ineet It by reason of le ntrictions placed by 'ow drum In. The unrestricted paste IA removal Irmo often is a very great one to he trusted even to a magistrate chosen by the geultral cuff rage of the whole people, end neeelintahle directly to them for Ins acts. It Is 011 doubtedly liable to abuse, and at some pO - of our history perhaps has been alms ed If it be thought deniable and const tutioual that it ehuuld be so limited as to make the Prandent merely a common infor mer against other public ngents, he should at leant bo permitted to act in that cease'- 'y before sonic opeu tribunal, indepcuilent of party polities, ready to investigate the merits of every mum, furaehed welt the mesas of tab lag evidence, and bound to deotde according to the established Talcs This would guarantee the safety of the an cuter wberi be acts in good faith, and at the saute lime secure the rights of the oilier party. l'apeak of course with all proper respect for the present female, but it dues not seem to me that any legislative body oan be so constitution as to insure tie fit anis for these Notions. It to not the theory of thin Govet !intent that publurothoes are the property of those who hold them. They are given merely us a trust for the public benefit, soutctimel for fixed period, sometime during good hurter, but generally they are liable to be terminated at the pleasure of the appoint- I tog power, whioh represente the collective majesty and speaks the will of the people. The forced retention In office of a stogie dishonest persotipsy work great injury to the public interests The danger to the pbbito service some, not from the power to remove, but from the power to appoint. Therefore it was that the framers of the Constitutton left the power of removal un restricted, while they gave the Bennie a right to reject all appolntments which, in its opinion. were not fit to be made .4 little reflection on this subject will proba bly satisfy all who have the good of the country as heart that our best course is to take the Constitution fur our guide, walk in the path marked out by the founders of the Republio, and over the rules made ea. area by the observance of our great pro• deoessors. The present conditiou of our floonc4.and circulating medium is One to which your early constsimasiott to turned. Tue proportion which th'ecurreney of any country should bear to the whole value et the mutual produce cumulated by its 1.1.1111 tea questlou by which political mainututsis have toot agreed. Nor can it be controlled by legislation, but must be left to the frre• vocable laws which everywliete regulate commerce and ,trade. The circulating roe alum will ever irresistibly flow to those points where it is in greatest demand. The law of demon n and supply is as utierring se that which regulame the tides of atm °ovum ; and indeed °amenity, like the tides, has Its ebbs and flows throughout the com mercial won Id At the beginning of the rebellion the bank note oitotatotion of the eountryatuoun. thd to not numb more thou two hunclood ro , 'ltons of dulluts now !he cticulat ion if should by I ice be excluded from citculation, 'Ciiiional Binh not. s owl 0 so Loos, so that !he people ince bare the benefit and legal linden.' to !twirl? seven hundred convenience of st Fold and silver currency 1111111011 i 11 h .ie 11 IM urged by sonic that I which in at I their bunions tronsootions will 11.1.4 1.11..001 010111.1 b.• mere teed whets be 111,1erun ro 'raho or hotrAs nod abroad ", contend that s deeded ...heft.. i s cb s ol- Peers into of properly or industry. the Levi in,eretin of ihe every nisi. who desires to pre•erve whit! la country Inwren of tliecedt•ersenpinionti, honestly posvecses or to obtain what hr it may be 111 . 4,..11111F1 the ...al iliac ul oin bunchily ehrn. hits a direct 'Wryest in our I raper 1-• tins, when .nips rd with it, moult Lining a snip cliculniing Illetillill)- 111.1r11..e or 1 •1111. rithle currency For this such nuolnirn its shall hereof nod totbsion purpose let • oh iutiotir how intuit gold and toil. rift 'labia to vibente with opinions net ethet eutt'll porclhat.ed by the ,ret ht.tolted joillobos of Top. r 111011 41 1101 V IF orcul ,Proh ihiy m,7 mote tine lie? the ttothoott oldie hitter— .Lowing thot whet out pe pr r i• cnm rt ii,l with gold strol Pipet ceintorrenal solos re eitiopres sitti ud, ilitee hundred nd tiff) m Poole 111 11114 •I,lkolg ties !tidies it the ttlivions din ) 115 the Government. ne early only he C•t1 , 1811l111 with the priocoples of sound pod. nit,' economy, to lids° tuck measures no will ennltle of isn notes and thien of the N 111111, to tourist thein w ins out Ittes, into spent.• or its rinienleril A re lintlitoi of 011 piper eireulsistig inetliutai net tl ttniteessoinlyltillow 'l•h ts,howr err would depend upon the liiw of di:ingod and euppl). though it should be bitrne m mind title fly mating legal tender Ault hank 001, cotlieif 11110 Cii.ll or its etiolvelent, (heir present .pec.e klue the 1111.:8 Ui ILcu hollere %Tuella be euimucell one Lwwrrd pre cent ot for the tsecomphshment of 0 result so d s ruble I 9 demanded by t behtglt- e... 1 I oldie conondeiatiunx 'fhe Coionitutiou rootemplater that the etreolxiing medium of c mntry shall be nnifmin in quality and valiw At the time of the forniation of that monument, the co uulry laid hurt emer ged from the war of iho Itevolution, and WWI buffering, from the effects of a redund ant and worthless paper currency. Thesages of thitt period were anxious to protect their posies it, from the evils which. they them selves had experienced. Hence, in pro•td• lug a circulating medium, they conferred upon Congress tiro power to coin money and regulate the value ihertof, nt the same time prultibiting the States from making any thing but gold and silver o tender in pay merit of debts. The anomalous conditiou of our currou cy is la striking contrast with that which was originally designed Our circulation BOW embraces, first, notes of the National Ilanks, which arc made receivable fpr all dues to the Government, excluding imposts, nod by all its creditors, except log in pay ment of iutertst upon its bonds end the se cm uses themselves; second, legal-tender notes, issued by the United States, and which the law requires shall be received its well in paymeut of all debts between cut rens as of all Government dues, excepting mitosis, and third, gold and silver coat Ity the operation of our present system of finance, however, the unetallto currency, when collected, is reserved only for ono class of Governtnent creditors, who holding its bonds, 0.4'111 annually receive their in terest in coin front the National Treasury. They arc thus made to occupy nu invidious position, which mny be used to strengthen the arguments of shone who would bring tote disrepute the obligations of the nation. In the pity meat of all its debts, the plight ed faith of the Government obould be invi• Moldy inuinteined. Ilut while it acts with fidelity toward the bondholder who loaned his money that the integrity of the Union ought be prenervedat absould et the yams time observe good faith wit the great masses of the people, alto, hatringlrescued the Union front the perils of a rebellion, now hear the burdens of tonally:l4l,ot the Government miry be ado to ful its engagements.— There as flo re 1500 which will be accepted us satisfactory by tile people why those who tleteoll us on the land and protect us un the-sen , the pensioner upon the grati tude of the oar oil. t warring the return nod wooed receaed w lade in its sere nepub lieTerrnilts In the Tot ions Depoittnentit of the Germ einem, the farmer who NO pulley die soldier...if the army and the suitors of the navy, the aritran who toil, to the 11 , 111011 . 11 ' trot Laltop., or the tilechnitic. owl laborer!. who build its edifices and constittet lie tarts and vessels at war —rliould to pny meet ot the. Jura and hard earned 11111.., 'cerise depreciated paper, whim nu °Gut elate of their rountlynit 11. Ile more deneirme, ere p tot in cunt of gold nod nil sir rapoul and exact justlce Ii quiren flint all the ei editors of the Goveiritneut abould be punt in acurrency possessing a uniform • doe This eau only be nee ~ JJJ irvLed by the t,•torat 14111 o f the curt rimy to the stan dard euntilisited by the Constitution, and by ibis 111,111'1 we would remove a 1.11!CrIIIII -11:111011 which terry, it it Ins VW already dune ro, cleats II prejudice ilutt may be e-1111C deep-rooted and wide spread, and on pet il the national credit. The feasibility of snaking our currency cot n"pond with the constitutional standard may he seen 6y rftferenec to a few facts del itud florin 011 r cutumercall statistics, production of precious metals in the I oiled Suites front IRIS to 1857, inclusive, amounte to $579.000.000; from 1858 to 111111, inclusive, to $187,600,000. and from 181.1 to 1867, inclusive, to $157,000,000 oinking the gulodnggregato of product Eine. 1819, $1,171,000,000 Tho amootit of specie coined from 1849 to 1857, inclusive, mos $ 711,000,000 ; from 1858 to 1800, in clusive, $125,000 000, and from 1861 to 1807, inclusive, slllo.ooo,ooo—making Ole total Aolougo since 1849, $871,000,000 From 1819 to 1857, inclusive, ihe net ex po] Is of spectinmounted to $271,000,000; from 1858 to ISO, iivolusive, in $118,000,- 1/00, and from 1861 to 1867, inclusive, s322,ooo,ooo—inaking the aggregate of not exports mime 1810, $741,000,000. These figures show an excess of product over net exports of $133 000,001 There are in the Trenstry $111,00040 in_ coin, something more shah $10.000,0 in circulation on the racific coast, and a few millions in the I 0 ttonal sod other Banks—in all *bout $100,000.000 This, however. taking Into account the apeole In the country prior to 1810, leaves more than three hundred mil. bons of dollars which have not been ad counted for by exportation, and therefore may yet remain in the country. These are important faots. and show how completely the inferior currency will en percale the better, forcing it from circula tion among the masses, and causing it to be escorted as a mere siotiele of trade, to add to.die money capital of foreign landtt. They slip the necessity of retiring our paper Balmy; that the return of gold and silver to theaveuue of trade, may be invi ted. and a demand created which will cause the retention at home of at leant so much of the productions of our rich and inex haustible goldbearmg Gelds as may be suf ficient fur purposes of circulation. It iv unreaeouable to expect a return to a sound culgency en lung as the Government, by coffinning to issue Irredeemable note., fide the channel,. of circulation with depre ciated paw. Notwithstanding a coinage by our minis, since Ivo. of sight hundred nut seventy-four millions of dollar., the peoplo are now otrangero to the currency which wits designed for their 11., and bene fit, sod specimens of the preoious mmuls bearing the national device aeeoellom seen, except when produced to gratuity the inter est caviled by their novelly If depreci ated paper is to be continued as Gm perma nent currency of the country. and ■ll our twin is to become a mere article of traffic and speculatiou, to the enhancement ix price of all that is intitspetteible to the comfort of the people. it would be wise economy to abolish our mints, thug erring the nation the care and expense Incident to ouch eotabllshMente, and let our precious metal, be exported in bullion The time has come,Loweeer.when the Government and Notional Smite should bo required to take the most elboienveleps and make all newts airy gements for a resumption of ape ele payments et the misellest practicable per led. Specie p.ymenlh Laving been one, resumed by the Government and banks, all notes or bills of piper leaned by either of a lets denomination than twenty dollar, NO. 49 .4111 rot to }to blown up or down by tit breadthi f epeculaiton, but to be mad, flu the and ~vitae. dinordered currency I I trio of the groniont pohncal actin It un derototem the virtu, neccesary for ;be pup port of the social system, and encourager prom nottiev deettuctive of its happinies, it wars again.° industry, frugolit), and economy, and ii fosters the evil splrim of eztioiagance anti•peculation ' It bas been 4 antertell by one of our irofound sod most gifted statesmen. the!. W f ell the contrive!, .ces for cheating the Nioring oisevet of mankind. 11101 c has been km, effectual than that whieli ileilykriFe in tittliaper money. This is tho in st—x clue] of heennong to fertilise the rich miss'. fields' y the sweat of the pier man's brow Ordinary tyran ny, oppresoion, excessive taxation—these bear lightly nil the happiness of the mass of the community compired with n fraudu lent currency, and the robberies committed by &wee mica limper Our (inn history Lnr ree,ndell fur "ur lowiluction enougb, and more 011111 enough of the demoralismg tendency, the injustice and the intolerable opprestion On the virtuous and well dispos ed of a degraded paper currency, author• ized by law or in any Ivey countenanced by the Government," It is one of the moss successful devices. in tirno of peace or war, expatiatene irr revulsion., to accomplish the transfer of all the precious metals from the great !nese of the people into the blinds o r the few, where they are hoarded in secret placeS or deposited in strong boxes under bolts and bars, while the people aro left to endure all the incon•enlence. sacrifice, and demoralization resulting from the use of a depreciated and worthies. paper money The condition of our finances and the op erations of am revenue syetem are set forth snit ad fully expl'attied in this ableond inetruo- ❑OO report of the Secretary of the Treneu r). 011 the 30th 1.1 Juno, I SCG the pubhat debt amounted to $^_,7834^_3,870;0n chit 39th of June last, it wee $2,692,199.215, glowing a reduction during the fiscal year i 91,226,604. During the fiscal year ending June 30, 1867, the receipt. were $490.631,010, anti the expenditures $346,- 729,129, leaving an available surplus of $143,904,550. It is estimated , that the receipts for the fiscal year ending Juno 30, 1868, will be $117,1111,928,aud that the ex penditures will roach the sum of $393,209,- 226, leaving in the Treasury a surplub of $28,802,70:2 For the fiscal year sliding in June 110, 1869, it is estimated that the re ceipt') will amount to V 81,000,000, end that the expenditures will be s372,ooo,ooo,show ing au excess of $9,090,009 it favor of the G overnment. The attention of Congress is carefully invited to the necessity of a thorough refl. Ilion of our revenue system. Our internal revenue laws and impost systems should be 80 adjusted as to bear most heavily on articles tit luxury, leaving the necosearms of life as free from taxation as may ho con sistent with the real want of the Govern ment, economically administered Taxa lion would not then fall unduly on the man of moderato means, and while 0000 would be entirely exempt from assetmient, all, 10 pi•oportion to their .pecuniary abilities, would contribute toward" the support of the Stale A modification itt the internal rev enue aystetn, by a largo 'eduction in the number of articles now subject to tax, would be followed by results equally ad vantageous to the citizen and the Govern ment It would render the execution of the lair lets expensive and more certain, remove obstructions to Industry, tenon the templet.)us to evade the law, duninirlb the violations and frauds perpetrated upon its pre•ibious, nark° its operas in. lees inquis itorial, atr greatly reduced to numbers the army of t agailierers created by thb ',p ion, who •inks from the mouth of the hon est laborer the bread it has earned " Re trenchment, reforest and economy should be carried into every branch of the public service, that the expenditures of the Gov mamnt may be reduced and the people re lie•ed form oppressive taxation, a sound currency should he restored, and the public faith in regard to the national debt sacred ly observed The accomplishment of these important results, together with the resto ration of the Union of the States upon the prmeiples of the Constitution, would in• spun confidence at home and abroad in.tho stability of our ineitutione, and bring to the nation prosperity, peace, and good will, Tho report of the Secretary of War ad inter -0/3 oxhaut the operations of the army and of the scioral Bureaus of tho War Depart ment. The aggregate etrensth of milita ry force on the 30th of September last, wit 50,31 J. 'foe total estimate for the military appropriation Is $77,124,707, Including a defi ciency in last year. appropriation of $13,000,- nue. The payments at the Treaany on ac count of the service of the War Department from January 1 to October 29, 1807—a period of ten months—amounted to 8109,807,000. The expenees of the military .tablishment as well as the number of axe army, are now three tune. al groat ae they "have ever been in time of pence; while the discretionary power is vested in the Executive to add million, to this expenditure, by an Increase of the army to the maximum strength allowed by law The menacing attitude of seine of the war like bands of Indians Inhabiting the dletnet of countryjhetween the Arkansas and Platte rivets, and mortions of Dakota Territory, re quired the presence of a large military force in that region. 'mitigated by real or imaginary grievances, the Indtans oecasionally commit ted arts of barbarous violence upon emigrant. and our froatier settlement.; but a general In dian war has been providentially averted. Th. Commissumere under the act of the 20th of July, 1907, were Invested with full power toad- Just existleglliffioulties, negotiate trestles with the disaffected bands, and select for them reser ved°ns remote from the traveled routes be tween the Mississippi and the Palma°. They enterted without delay upon the execution of their trust, but have not yet made any official report of their proceeding.. It is of that im portance that our distant territories should be exempt from Indian outbreaks, and that the eqnstruction of the Define Ltailroad, an object of nation.' importance, should not be inter rupted by hostile tribes. These objects, as well as the material interests and the moral and in tellectual improvement of the Indians, can be most effectually livered by concentrating them upon portions of it lUltri set apart for their un clothe use, and located at points remote from our highways and encroaching white settle. meats Since the commencement of the second 1111.• affin of the Thiuy ninth Congress, five hun dred and ten mile/ of road have been contitruet- od •n the main line and branc,bos of the Paci fic Railway. The line from oMilia is rapidly approaching the eastern beep of Rocky Moun tains, duet the terminus of the last session Of constructed road in California, accepted by the tiovernment on the 24th day of October last, was but eleven miles dlstent from the sawmill of the Sierra Nevadis. The remarkable energy evinced by the oodEpardes offer. the strongeet murales that the completion pf the road Iron Sacramento to Omaha will not be lung de'erred. During the last decal year seven million or. ty one thousand one hundred and fourteen acres of public lands were disposed of, and the eash reselpui fromfietalee and lees aseeded by uoe half million dollar. the sum realised from Oleo sources during the preceding year. TIM amount pat 1 to penconers, including expenses at disbursements, was $18,619,966, and thirty ais thousand four hundred and eighty•lwe names were added to the rolls. T-e share ndinber of pensioner. on the the Enth of dope lent was one hundred and fifty-fire thousand lou :hundred and seventy • four. Eleven thou. mind eta hundred and fifty five patent. and de eigos went Wood during the year using Sept. 30, 1067, ohd at that date the balance in this Tmeury to the credit of the patent resit was $286,007. The report of the Secretary of the Navy elates that we been eaten nearest' aatieLdj sad jud teem yemployed. ender alletelg able swum...der, in protecting the pewits pod properly of Amedueettilmritimirtehdhf tad dignity and peeper of the'Oeveriraident, and promoting the common And hashaien folniniets .f oar coaster...a In every pert of the *field. Of the two handed and thletymsight weenie communing the presort navy of the Hatted States, mauler fire bemired mid seven gone, are is aquadron woke. De.hig Ltt.7.. l 47l= ' t. r t or v"" eri b d lbes. are tilt- Mee less on @quadrat duty One them Were at the date of the but report. A large unliittir of newels wen commuted gad la the 11111.114 of ronetraction•lehen the who teembented, End although Cengreme hid eh& the meiteseery app rep...Mt/one ler their emelphition, thelheleart. mime him either supended we* apse them WV limited Gormley oempletlea Of timeliest Vehlestfir se as to meet the contreeta for unichlentry aide with private erielelidiseenta The total *rpm ditures of the Navy Department for the Owed year ending Jane 10, 1867, were $61,024,011. No appropriation, have bees made er requited' eincikthe clue of the war for the conipmetton and repair of Teased& for gum eneetrisery, evil nonce, provisions and elothing, feel, heap, *A:, tr,. baloones ender th• .everet heads hoeing been more than seheimit far earteot expendi ture.. It ahnold also lo stated, te the credit; of the Depirtment, that bemdatuthig de sr - propriations for the above °Wee% (or the last two you", the Bunter, of the Navy, on the 30th of September tut, in aceordenee with the act of Ilay 1, 1.820, reminded the Secretary of the Treater, to ours to the ample. food the slim of $85,000,000, being the moons motored from the sale. of vessel. and other war proper ly. and the remnants of former appropriation. The report of the Podgiest.. General *were the busi iest. of the Post-office Departatenil sad the condition of the postal mdse in • reryfaver able light. and the attention of CODlffilif called to its practical reseelmendation. • rcoeipts fur the Department for the year en g • Jou 30, 1867, ineludiag all special a lions for sea nail land service find for few it matter, were 610,978,699. The etpeaditures for all purposes, were $111,1116,183, learting u*t.Pedded balAttee la Wog of the-Deprial... meet of 1I41".10, which can be applied towards the ripeness of the Department for the cannot yeer., The increase- of postal lade pendent of .podia appropriations. for the year 1087, over that of 1968, woe $850,040. The increase of' revenue from the sale of damps and stamped envelope. wee $783,404. The la ere.o of expenditures for 1867, over those of ' the previous year, was owing chiefly to the ex tension of the land and ocean mail wavier. During the put year new postal conventions have been ratified and exchanged with the United Kingdom of Grut Britain nod Irelartd, Belgium, the Netherl Switserland, the North German Union, Italy and the Colonial Government at Hong Kong,redoeing very lusty the rate, of ocean and land postage to end from and within these countries. The report of the Acting Commissioner of Agriculture concisely presents the condition, wants and progress of en interest emleently worthy the futesieg cam of 0110111411114 111111.111".• - hibits a large meacure of unto' result/achieved during the year to whlchit refer.. The re establishment of peace at borne, and the resumption of extended ,trude, travel. and commerce abroad bare served to 111011.0.11 the numbir and variety of unwitting in the De partmeet for Foreign Again. None of theme question., however, have eerious/y disturbed our relations with other Slates. The Republic of Mexico, having been relieved , from foreign interveetion, I. earneetly engaged f effort. to re establish her conet.tu time' rye of government. A pod andentandies Unties to exist between our Governmeekend the republics of Hayti and feta Domingo, md our cordial relations with the Central and South American States remain uneltariged. The tender, made In conformity with a moieties of Congress,o f the good ofßeee-of the Gowefotowwf, with w view to an amicable &Outmost of peace between Brun end her allies, on one side, end Paragon on the other, and lbettrren Chile end her alllee, on the one eide,Tlgrsd Spain on the other, though kindly mooted, hew la neither NUM been folly accepted by the bell:gerenta.— The war to the Valley of the Parana is still vigorously vonintidned. Oa the ether hand, actual hostilities between the Neill° States and Spain hare been more than a year suspended. I shall, on any proper wombs that may twiner, navel, the conciliatory recommendation whieh hare been already made. Brasil, with enlight— ened sagaeity and compreheoeive statesmanship, opettell the groat ahwub of tbe Ammon sod its tribu•ariu to universal common. One thing more sums sluff& to azure a tepid and choorisseprogreas to South Americo. I rider to those peaceful habits without which States and Nations cannot, in this accord! expect malarial prosperity or social advaneement. The Exposition of unlverul Jadedly at Paris has passed, and seems to have realised the high expectations of the PreneheoveraMeet. If due allowance he made for the recent point• cal derangement of Industry here, the part which the U. B.bas borne In the exhibition of Invention and art may be regarded with very high antlefactioa. During the Exposition a conference was held of delegates from eeverel nations, the United States being ene, In which the inconvenience of amnion:eland muds] Inter course revolting from the diverse dander is of money value were folly disowned, sad plans were developed for establishing, by universal consent, • common principal for the coinage of gold. These canfereneee are expected to be renewed. with tligottendanas of way foreign States not bitrelto-represented. A report of them interesting proceedings will be enburftted to Cog*imp, which will nedonin lastly apprr elate the great object, and be ready to adopt any rummers width may tend to facilitate Its ultimate accomplishment. On the 25th of Pebruag, 1862, Congress declared by law that Treasury note without interest, authorised by that ant, aboald be Iqd tender in payment of .11 debts, public and private. wlhlta the United States. Au annual remittance of $30,000, len stipulated expense., accrues to olaimants under the Convention made with Spain in 1814. Thee* remittances, since tits passage of that act have been paid In such notes. The abetment, insist that the Government ought to require payment in coin. The subject may be deemed worthy of your attention. No arrangement hoe as yet been neehed for the seUlement of our claim. for Britieh dope• dation, upon the Comm.... of the United State.. I hare felt it my duty to dailies the propeoillooN, of arbitration made by her idedeety'a °overdue', t because it inn hitherto been •aeoompanted by remerVialotr and limitations incompatible with the right., intereot and honor of our oountry. L .. _ _ . . not to be epprehended that Orest Britain persist In her rebind to satisfy these Jost id reasonable claims, which layette the sawed ps Ino .00 of non-hi terrlindol3— , ll principle henceforth not more important to the United States than to sll commeroial nation.. The Weal India 'elands wore Wiled and col onised by Barone= BtatM eimaltaseensly with the sottlemont and colonisation of ti. Amert- • can eontinent. Mod of the eolooles pleated here became Independent asthma tape elegy el the hut and the bechtoing of the patent sesta. ry. Our own eouotry slums, oosunanitios which, at ono period, woe* colonies of Groat Britian, Prating, Booln, Holland, Sweden and . Tho people is the West Indies, with !option of thou, of the Inland of Hay ti, 2122 have neither attained nor arrpfred le Inman donee. nor hare they become prepared for self defence. Although p Juansin` considerable corn • mere lei value. they have been he d by the oral Earopears States 'thirs trolonised ar at some time conquered than, shindy for *wrist* ornsrlitary and naval strategy to outing out European polio, and designs in marl to this roatioent. In our itarolationary War, ports and harbors In the West balls lolanda wOl4ll used be our enemy, to the great iniory and embarassusentof7 . Ba ll ad plata. We had the acme oaperien In our wood war with Great Britian. T s same Ilknopean pulley for a long tla4aseludodu trq hew *O4 with the Weut reellechah Ittzto were 14 T..* with all nations. Ia our iiaiiat e 1•11 ihr, the rebehu, sad Unit piratleakpOod elookade brooking sly - WM, found lac ammo ports for the workortuch they too smoessfdlly aocomplished etiolating sod !Mounting tho mammas oh lois we Are sow soma It 4 robytildsag• Ws LOAM mpeclatly under this disadvantage—UM Surer ems steam coml., miloyod by oar mieusisik found friendly shelter, prelemtbsa, mad euppliee id West Indian ports, whit. nor one Mimi operations wore necomrlly asUTikd bb item em own distant shone. Tim 1W e . that a nolvor sal feohog o f wa nt an adrasood smog outpost hatoosp the Atiantio mint and AM* Th. duty of obtalolog gook ' Mtpoirt yam fully and lawfully. 'ldaho sot l dots` Der menacing injury to other States, moistly en gaged the attoutiou of the Itentotin Dopalt mot before the ohne of the war. ad IS has net bee, lost sight of sin.. that tlme. /I not en tirely dWimllar naval not menial Mott during the =Ma period on the looal, : The nunhood foothold theolline 's oured by our lit* trebly Milk the Am of ' Russia, and it mow sets. tallorstivi abs 'the ' nr more obOuss molosaltios 91 lbs Atlantis oseM should not ba Is.. oarefully provided kW, X good sad couvouleat port ad harbor abpib • t 1.1 I af may defemo, wilt supply - thet - ninit With lbsp Pr. APIA ,PtalloaPtUstiMt o ther we nor my mbar *qua lonierno+nlbetell lopri m e "Owe fourrom say 1014.4 te ese 1 . 14 10 0 "WV early elnts tltt. naturally env Henn Itij nit 'Olt ultimately to to oltiorSoll tho Aptamoifiii •. a ß ir tts i rlt i = rats tlerstig h kf absorption to this /Walla of 1111011101 i plea aal nu,•• gravimion• Tits ~Wselde der Joblea. w lob oolistnefe et Galled Virgin Mande, 7 1111;;111“/ • t' owes leasponiatolt doellakilemblis At t rtg • Eldon eou Id se e la liorsany Ortnelplot nairitilef lase 1111140111. , IA Int*" • • • ha, tioestbrua boa ourellAnStM Illooratit tor vi la moo: "it, win I» zoo i ""• Ilm. ,11 •ip kgriikplermatAlaU `.• Oulic" * L r 77; • •••1 mode (ertlkid'en on 6 .h 6.1 • 11.11 1 • ennt lill2